GB2498260A - Positioning of the microphone passageway in a noise reducing earphone - Google Patents
Positioning of the microphone passageway in a noise reducing earphone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2498260A GB2498260A GB1223173.4A GB201223173A GB2498260A GB 2498260 A GB2498260 A GB 2498260A GB 201223173 A GB201223173 A GB 201223173A GB 2498260 A GB2498260 A GB 2498260A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- text
- opening
- user
- earphone
- ear
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1016—Earpieces of the intra-aural type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1058—Manufacture or assembly
- H04R1/1075—Mountings of transducers in earphones or headphones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1091—Details not provided for in groups H04R1/1008 - H04R1/1083
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/18—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound
- G10K11/22—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound for conducting sound through hollow pipes, e.g. speaking tubes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2460/01—Hearing devices using active noise cancellation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Abstract
In-ear earphone apparatus 1 comprises a body 2 configured to be inserted at least in part into an auditory canal of a user's ear along an insertion axis. A sensing microphone 7 is configured to sense sound present in the auditory canal of the user's ear and provide a feedback signal to a noise-cancelling signal processor. The body houses a driver 4 connected to a first opening by a first passageway 6, and the sensing microphone 7 is connected to a second opening by a second passageway. The first and second openings are axially offset with the second opening, the opening of the sensing microphones passageway, being located in an advanced position relative to the first opening. This makes the earphone system less sensitive to acoustic loading conditions, making the system more stable during insertion of the earphone into a users ear.
Description
S TITLE: NOISE REDUCING EARPHONE
DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to noise reducing earphones and particularly to earphones of the type known in the art as "in-the-ear" earphones including a grommet intended to fit into the opening of the wearer's external auditory meatus and configured to seal the user's auditory canal.
It is known in the art to provide "in-the-ear" earphones with means to apply active control techniques in order to minimise the effects of unwanted environmental noise. Such "active noise reduction", a well-established technology, may deploy control strategies in which the unwanted noise is detected outside the ear (resulting in a "feed-forward" controller architecture). Alternatively, the unwanted noise may be detected inside the wearefs occluded ear (resulting in a "feedback" controller architecture). Both types are well represented in prior art, although the feed-forward strategy is more prevalent in earphones, due to size constraints.
In the case of a feedback control strategy applied to an In-Ear device, the architecture presents a useftil collateral benefit in that the system is able additionally to control the excess pressures generated in a wearer's occluded ear canal during speech. These excess pressures, known as "the occlusion effect" cause a disruption of the natural sound of the voice, making conventional In-Ear devices uncomfortable to wear during speech.
The successful implementation of an active noise (and occlusion) reducing In-Ear device using feedback control depends upon the definition of a system which provides useflul control whilst obeying the fltmiliar constraints of stability fbr canonical closed-loop controllers, as defined by the rules established by Harry Nyquist and other subsequent Such stability constraints ought to be obeyed not just in ordinary wear of the device but also during handling and, particularly, during fitting of the device into the wearer's ear. Similarly, instances where the fit to the wearer's ear is not as intended (due, for example, to the device being knocked out of place or otherwise temporarily dislodged from its nominal operating position) ought not result in instability.
The violation of Nyquist's lhnñliar constraints on stability during the "abnormal use" cases outlined above occurs as consequence of change in the electrical response (from voltage into the miniature loudspeaker or "receive?' to resulting voltage flDm the microphone). This change in electrical response is caused by the modification of the acoustic conditions am those experienced in ordinary use. In the conventional nomenclature of the applied science of automatic control, this response is called the Plant" and the stability criteria are defined in terms of the Plant response and the associated controller. Any controller design only yields a useful composite system-under-control when the Plant remains within prescribed limits.
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided earphone apparatus comprising: a body configured to be inserted at least in part into an auditory canal of a user's ear along an insertion axis, the body housing a driver connected to a first opening by a first passageway and a sensing microphone connected to a second opening by a second passageway, the sensing microphone being configured to sense sound present in the auditory canal of the user's ear and provide a feedback signal to a signal processor; wherein the first and second openings are axially offset with the second opening being located in an advanced position relative to the first opening.
The present applicant has identified that the presence of a part of the second passageway extending axially beyond the first passageway advantageously makes the earphone system less sensitive to acoustic loading conditions when partially inserted, thereby helping to reduce unwanted noise generated by the system during insertion of the earphone into a S user's ear.
In one embodiment thc first passageway compriscs a part extending from the driver to a first surface region and thc second passageway comprises a part extending from the sensing microphone to a second surface region.
In one embodiment the second passageway includes a further part extending from the second surface region to the second opening.
In one embodiment the further part is inclined relative to the insertion axis to align with an outermost section of the user's auditory canal when the body is inserted into the user's ear.
In one embodiment the further part compriscs a spout (e.g. a protubcrant part comprising a body defining a passageway). In one embodiment the spout may define a path length of equal to or greater than 0.2mm. The spout may form an integral part of the second passageway or may be a discrete part (e.g. attached to the first-defined part of the second passageway or attached to thc second surface region).
In one embodiment the first and second surface regions are substantially axially aligned.
In one embodiment the first and sccond surface regions form part of a common surfacc (c.g.
common flat or curved surfacc).
In one embodiment the first and second surface regions are axially offset with the second surface region being located in an advanced position relative to the first surface region and the second opening is located in the second surface region.
In on embodiment the first opening is located in the first surface region.
In one embodiment the body further comprises a tip portion configured to seal the user's auditory canal when the body is inserted into the user's ear, the tip portion defining a leading end of the body. In one embodiment, the tip portion defmes a chamber in communication S with the first and second openings (e.g. with the first and second surface regions defining an inner surface of the chamber).
In one embodiment the second opening is located in an axially advanced position relative to the leading end (e.g. with the second opening protruding into the user's auditory canal).
In one embodiment, the tip portion comprises a trailing part configured to seal the user's auditory canal when the body is inserted into the user's ear and a leading part defining the leading end of the body, the leading part being configured to only partially obstruct the user's auditory canal when the body is inserted into the user's ear (e.g. with at most only a portion of an outer periphery of the leading part ever engaging an inner wall of the usefs auditory canal whereby the leading part does not contribute significantly to the scaling action of the tip portion), wherein the first opening is located (e.g. axially) within the trailing part and the second opening is located within the leading part. At least one of the trailing part and the leading part may be formed from a compliant or pliable (e.g. resiliently compliant/pliable) material (e.g. soft rubber).
In one embodiment, the trailing part and leading part each have tapered cross-sectional profiles (e.g. with cross-sectional area increasing with increased axial distance from the leading end).
In one embodiment, the trailing part and leading part are axially spaced from one another (e.g. separated by a neck region).
The present invention concems the deliberate introduction of a small yet acoustically significant feature into the design of an In-Ear device intended for use with a feedback active noise (and occlusion) reduction strategy. This feature introduces a slight change to the dynamics of the Plant, which has been found to be advantageous in producing a robustly stable system, tolerant of the changes of electro-acoustic response experienced in all conditions.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example with S reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an earphone of a type proposed in the applicant's pending application WO 2012/085514; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an earphone in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an earphone in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an earphone in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 1 shows an "in-the-ear" earphone, 1, of the type proposed in the applicant's pending application WO 2012/0855 14, encapsulated within a body, 2 the end of which is equipped with a "grommet" or "tip", 3, made of soft, elastic material such as silicone. The grommet is intended to fit into the opening of the wearer's external auditory meatus and configured to seal the user's auditory canal. The Earphone includes a miniature loudspeaker (or "receiver", e.g. Balanced Armature receiver), 4, which transduces electrical signals applied through cabling, 5, into sound which is conducted toward the car through tubing, 6. A microphone, 7, is sensitive to the sound in the external auditory mcatus, which communicates with the microphone via a second tube, 8, after which it is transduced into an electrical signal, available to electronic circuitry (which may be remotely or locally positioned) though cabling, 5.
The microphone, 7, is sensitive to sound generated by the receiver, 4, via the direct sound transmission path, indicated by the block arrow, 9.
The present invention teaches the positioning of a small tube, extending the direct acoustic path length between receiver and microphone (and, thus, directly counter-intuitive given the ordinary principles of the application of automatic control to distributed parameter systems).
This tube is shown in Figure 2 as integer 10 and has little or no impact on the "longer" path from nrcrophone to receiver shown as 9' in Figure 2, but does clearly obstruct' tile shorter path possible in its absence (as 9, Figure 1).
Of course, it is not literally appropriate to make distinction between the paths 9 and 10 as separate components of the acoustic coupling between the receiver and microphone. In truth, the acoustic coupling cannot be decomposed in this manner. However, the distinction is useful as a means of explaining the effect and has been found to correlate surprisingly well with practical observations of the behaviour of the small pipe, 10, despite the fact that it has been found useful in situations where its acoustic length (its length in fractions of a wavelength of sound at a particular frequency) might be thought negligible.
In Figure 2, the pipe, 10, is shown as extending beyond the proximal end of the grommet, 3'.
In this configuration, it has been found advantageous to position the pipe such that it faces somewhat toward the rear of the wearer's head on insertion (thereby following the modal orientation of the auditory meatus).
The configuration described in Figure 2 may cause discomfort if the tube is formed of a hard material and allowed to contact the side of the wearer's meatus on insertion. Furthermore, it has been identified as visually objectionable or otherwise "threatening" in this exposed position. Accordingly, the present invention may also advantageously be deployed in the configuration illustrated in Figure 3.
In this case, the tube, 10', does not extend beyond the end of the grommet and is reduced to almost vestigial length, yet is found to preserve important advantages in securing robust stability of the system. Experimental evaluation has demonstrated the advantages are still present when the pipe length is only 1mm (with internal diameter of 2mm).
An alternative means to deploy the present invention whilst avoiding the potential disadvantages associated with the configuration of Figure 2 is described in Figure 4, th which the earphone is provided with an enhanced grommet, 11. This grommet deliberately is formed with increased length, affording greater penetration into the wearer's ear whilst also covering the tube 10", which may be of greater length without triggering the previously mentioned concerns. The coniponent of the enhanced grommet constituting the increased length is not required to contribute to primary acoustic seal to the wearer's car, this function usually being retaincd by the distal portion of the grommet. It serves primarily to protect the wearer from physical contact with tube 10" and visually obscures the tube 10" thereby making the device less "threatening" to a new user.
Claims (1)
- <claim-text>Claims 1. Earphone apparatus comprising: a body configured to be inserted at least in part into an auditory canal of a user's ear along an insertion axis, the body housing a driver connected to a first open[ng by a first passageway and a sensing microphone connected to a second opening by a second passageway, the scnsing microphone being configured to sense sound prcscnt in the auditory canal of the user's car and provide a feedback signal to a signal processor; wherein the first and second openings are axially offset with the second opening being located in an advanced position relative to the first opening.</claim-text> <claim-text>2. Earphone apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first passageway comprises a part extending from the driver to a first surface region of the earphone and the second passageway comprises a part extending from the sensing microphone to a second surface region of the earphone.</claim-text> <claim-text>3. Earphone apparatus according to claim 2, whcrein the second passagcway includes a further part extending from the second surface region to the second opening.</claim-text> <claim-text>4. Earphone apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the further part is inclined relative to the insertion axis to align with an outermost section of the user's auditory canal when the body is inserted into the user's ear.</claim-text> <claim-text>5. Earphone apparatus according to claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the further part comprises a spout.</claim-text> <claim-text>6. Earphone apparatus according to any of claims 3-5, wherein the first and second surface regions arc substantially axially aligned.</claim-text> <claim-text>7. Earphone apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the first and second surface regions form part of a common surface (e.g. common flat or curved surface).</claim-text> <claim-text>8. Earphone apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first and second surface regions are axially offset with the second surface region being located in an advanced position relative to the first surface region and the second opening is located in the second surface region.S</claim-text> <claim-text>9. Earphone apparatus according to any of claims 2-8, wherein [lie first opening is located in the first surface region.</claim-text> <claim-text>10. Earphone apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the body further comprises a tip portion configured to seal the user's auditory canal when the body is inserted into the user's ear, the tip portion defining a leading end of the body.</claim-text> <claim-text>II. Earphone apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the tip portion defines a chamber in communication with the fiNt and second openings.</claim-text> <claim-text>12. Earphonc apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the second opening is located in an axially advanced position relative to the leading end.</claim-text> <claim-text>13. Earphone apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the tip portion comprises a trailing part configured to seal the user's auditory canal when the body is inserted into the user's ear and a leading part defining the leading end of the body, the leading part being configured to only partially obstruct the user's auditory canal when the body is inserted into the user's ear, wherein the first opening is located within the trailing part and the second opening is located within the Leading part.</claim-text> <claim-text>14. Earphone apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the trailing part and leading part each have tapered cross-sectional profiles.IS. Earphone apparatus according to claim 13 or claim 14, wherein the trailing part and leading part are axially spaced from one another.</claim-text>
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB1200227.5A GB201200227D0 (en) | 2012-01-09 | 2012-01-09 | Noise reducing earphone |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201223173D0 GB201223173D0 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
| GB2498260A true GB2498260A (en) | 2013-07-10 |
Family
ID=45788607
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB1200227.5A Ceased GB201200227D0 (en) | 2012-01-09 | 2012-01-09 | Noise reducing earphone |
| GB1223173.4A Withdrawn GB2498260A (en) | 2012-01-09 | 2012-12-21 | Positioning of the microphone passageway in a noise reducing earphone |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB1200227.5A Ceased GB201200227D0 (en) | 2012-01-09 | 2012-01-09 | Noise reducing earphone |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB201200227D0 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10129668B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2018-11-13 | Gn Hearing A/S | Earmold for active occlusion cancellation |
| EP3251376B1 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2022-03-16 | Eers Global Technologies Inc. | Active hearing protection device and method therefore |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070121974A1 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-31 | Think-A-Move, Ltd. | Earset assembly |
| US20080298624A1 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-04 | Jeong Chi Hwan | Module and apparatus for transmitting and receiving sound |
| WO2009042635A1 (en) * | 2007-09-24 | 2009-04-02 | Sound Innovations Inc. | In-ear digital electronic noise cancelling and communication device |
| US20100316225A1 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Electro-acoustic conversion apparatus |
| WO2012085514A2 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-06-28 | Soundchip Sa | Noise reducing earphone |
| WO2012120295A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-13 | Soundchip Sa | Audio apparatus |
-
2012
- 2012-01-09 GB GBGB1200227.5A patent/GB201200227D0/en not_active Ceased
- 2012-12-21 GB GB1223173.4A patent/GB2498260A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070121974A1 (en) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-31 | Think-A-Move, Ltd. | Earset assembly |
| US20080298624A1 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-04 | Jeong Chi Hwan | Module and apparatus for transmitting and receiving sound |
| WO2009042635A1 (en) * | 2007-09-24 | 2009-04-02 | Sound Innovations Inc. | In-ear digital electronic noise cancelling and communication device |
| US20100316225A1 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Electro-acoustic conversion apparatus |
| WO2012085514A2 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-06-28 | Soundchip Sa | Noise reducing earphone |
| WO2012120295A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-13 | Soundchip Sa | Audio apparatus |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10129668B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2018-11-13 | Gn Hearing A/S | Earmold for active occlusion cancellation |
| EP3251376B1 (en) | 2015-01-22 | 2022-03-16 | Eers Global Technologies Inc. | Active hearing protection device and method therefore |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201200227D0 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
| GB201223173D0 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |