GB2478762A - Electrical switching apparatus with learned current threshold - Google Patents

Electrical switching apparatus with learned current threshold Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2478762A
GB2478762A GB1004429A GB201004429A GB2478762A GB 2478762 A GB2478762 A GB 2478762A GB 1004429 A GB1004429 A GB 1004429A GB 201004429 A GB201004429 A GB 201004429A GB 2478762 A GB2478762 A GB 2478762A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
electrical
controller
energy
switching
appliance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1004429A
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GB201004429D0 (en
Inventor
Giles Hutchison
John Halfpenny
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ENERGY REDUCING PRODUCTS Ltd
Original Assignee
ENERGY REDUCING PRODUCTS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ENERGY REDUCING PRODUCTS Ltd filed Critical ENERGY REDUCING PRODUCTS Ltd
Priority to GB1004429A priority Critical patent/GB2478762A/en
Publication of GB201004429D0 publication Critical patent/GB201004429D0/en
Publication of GB2478762A publication Critical patent/GB2478762A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R25/00—Coupling parts adapted for simultaneous co-operation with two or more identical counterparts, e.g. for distributing energy to two or more circuits
    • H01R25/003—Coupling parts adapted for simultaneous co-operation with two or more identical counterparts, e.g. for distributing energy to two or more circuits the coupling part being secured only to wires or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
    • H01R13/6683—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit with built-in sensor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
    • H02J2310/14—The load or loads being home appliances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/242—Home appliances

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

An electrical switching apparatus comprises an electrical outlet 5 or 6, an electrical inlet 1 and a controller 8. The controller includes a means 3 for measuring energy consumption drawn from the electrical outlet over a pre-set period of time and an electrical switching means 4 for connecting or disconnecting the electrical outlet to the electrical inlet. The controller can adjust one or more switching energy thresholds when an appliance is connected to the electrical outlet and the switching means is set to connect the electrical outlet to the electrical inlet by repeatedly measuring the level of energy consumed by the appliance over a pre-set period of tinge, recording the lowest level of measured energy, and adjusting the switching energy threshold(s), away from a preset value, to pre-determined multiples) of the lowest level of measured energy. The controller may then determine the operating mode of the attached appliance when the controller detects a prescribed change in the measured level of energy consumed by the appliance relative to one or more of switching energy thresholds and connect or disconnect the electrical outlet to the electrical inlet according to the determined operating mode, for example to switch off a printer when it goes into stand-by mode. The readings may be integrated to give a more accurate result. Environmental sensors 11, 12 may also influence the switching.

Description

Title: Electrical switching apparatus
Field of the invention
This invention relates to apparatus for determining the operating state of an attached electrical appliance by measuring the energy that it consumes and for switching power to the appliance in response to determining that the appliance is in different operating states.
Background of the invention
There are many applications where it is desirable to measure the energy consumed by an electrical appliance to automatically determine its operating state and consequentially switch the electrical power to the appliance on or off in response to the appliance being in different operating states. This is especially relevant to stand-by' energy elimination and other automatic control of appliances.
There are disclosed instances of current or power being measured as an indication of the operating state of an appliance, as disclosed in KR20020024631, GB2438655 etc., but in many appliances -especially those with switch mode power supplies, the current or power consumed by an attached appliance which is in a steady operating state can vary cyclically over a relatively long period time.
For example and with reference to figure 1, many appliances which are in a steady operating mode have a characteristic whereby in some AC cycles the appliance consumes higher levels of power (6), followed by other cycles where the power consumption is lower (5). Determining the operating state of the appliance by measuring power alone gives erroneous results because even though the appliance is in a steady operating state, the power levels will change during this state (2) (3). The high power/low power cycle (1) can have periods of several seconds or even minutes.
Additionally and with reference to figure 2. as an appliance's operating state changes, the ratio of higher power cycles to lower power cycles changes (10), (11), (12), which also gives erroneous results in determining the attached appliance's operating mode if only power or current are measured. Simply checking that the measured power stays above or below a pre-determined threshold, as disclosed in GB2443454 or GB2398441, will not give an accurate measure of the energy being consumed and hence the appliance's operating state will not be accurately determinable.
The various operating modes that an appliance has can be characterised by the energy used over a period of time sufficiently long to incorporate cyclic power variations.
Measuring the energy being consumed by an appliance over a sufficient period of time will enable the operating state of the appliance to be determined.
Summary of the invention
Integrating instantaneous power values over a period of time gives the energy used by the appliance in that period of time. This measured energy gives an accurate indication of an appliance's energy consumption from which the appliance's operating state can be accurately determined. As the operating state of the attached appliance can be determined, AC power to the appliance may be switched off and on in response to changes in operating state.
This invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows consumed power waveforms for an attached appliance in a steady operating state and how these can be integrated to determine the energy used by an appliance.
Figure 2 shows consumed power and integrated energy values for an appliance in different operating states Figure 3 shows one embodiment of an electrical device forming part of the present invention To determine the energy consumed whilst the appliance is in a particular state requires that instantaneous power measurements must be mathematically integrated over a period of time. Instantaneous power may be measured by sampling the instantaneous current being drawn by an attached appliance and multiplying this by the co-incident value of the sinusoidal AC supply voltage. The integration period is pre-set to include any likely cyclic variation of power consumption during any of the appliances operating states.
A known current measuring technique is to insert a resistor into, or a sensing coil around, the electrical supply connection between the AC mains power source and the attached appliance so that the current drawn by the appliance causes a measurable voltage to appear across the resistor or sensing coil secondary winding, as disclosed in EP0376495, US4675537 etc. The magnitude of this voltage is proportional to the current being drawn. At any point in time the product of the measured current flowing and the known AC supply voltage represents the instantaneous power being consumed by the appliance.
In order to determine the operating state of an attached appliance, one or more switching energy thresholds are required, allowing the operating state to be determined by the relationship between the measured energy consumption and the switching energy threshold(s).
In some applications the switching energy thresholds may be pre-set to fixed values, however it is desirable that the switching energy thresholds can be adaptive so that they are automatically adjusted to suit a particular appliance. For example, the switching energy thresholds may be automatically calculated as a multiple or multiples of the lowest energy consumption level measured or may be calculated as a fraction of the highest energy consumption level measured or may be calculated as a mixture of these methods.
Representative energy measurement & switching apparatus With reference to figure 3, power from the mains supply enters the unit from plug (1).
Plug (1) may be integral with the case (13) or on a trailing wire connected from the case. Either the power or neutral, or both of these power connections from the mains supply may be switched by (4) prior to connection to (5) or (6). The appliance(s) plug into socket (5) or (6). Output socket(s) (5) or (6) may be integral to the case (13), or on a trailing cable from case.
The unit that implements the invention includes a controller (8), switch or switches (4), current measurement circuit (3) (7), an internal power supply (14) for these elements and a variable number of optional sensors and controls (9) (10) (11) (12).
The power supply (14) may be implemented using resistor, capacitor, rectifier circuit(s), or using a transformer and rectifier. The power supply may provide one or more voltage rails, and one or more of these voltage rails may be switchable, so that the power consumed by the unit may be reduced when these voltages are not required.
Representative embodiments of these elements are described in the following sections.
Measuring energy consumed by an attached appliance Measuring the energy consumed by an appliance may be performed by a controller as follows: 1. With reference to figure 3, the voltage drop across a low resistance sense resistor (3) is amplified (7) and fed to a controller with integral or external Analogue to Digital converter. A current sense transformer may be used instead of Sense resistor (3) to monitor the cunent consumed by the appliance plugged into (5) or (6) by passing one of the two conductors at (2) through the current transformer. The voltage level is sampled regularly at a frequency which is greater than the AC electricity supply frequency. This allows the controller to sample the instantaneous current being drawn by the appliance several times during each AC cycle.
2. The AC mains supply voltage is attenuated (16) and fed to the controller (17) so that the controller can determine the magnitude of the AC mains voltage waveform at any time.
3. The controller has timers to allow it to accurately measure time intervals of units of Milliseconds to hundreds of Seconds.
4. With reference to figure 1, over a pre-set time (1) which may vary from about 2OmS to 100S, the controller repeatedly samples the instantaneous current and multiplies this by the instantaneous voltage to give instantaneous power (8).
The instantaneous power value is added to a sum of all the previous values to fomi an integral (7) of the power readings which represents the energy consumed (4) during the pre-set sampling time (1).
5. With reference to figure 2, the integration process in step 4 above is continuously repeated (1), enabling the energy consumption of the attached appliance to be known (7), (8), (9) and the operating state to be determined.
With reference to figure 3, the controller (8) may also optionally monitor an override switch (9), and sensor(s) integral with the case (11), or sensor(s) external to the case (12), to make decisions when to open or close switch (4). The unit may also control one or more LED' s to indicate the status of the unit.
Determining operating state of connected appliance Many appliances have multiple operating states, which are characterised by different levels of energy consumption. For example a laser printer may have stand-by', idle' and printing' modes, with corresponding energy consumption levels. In some applications it may be necessary to determine if the appliance is in stand-by mode or not, and a single consumed energy level threshold may be selected, above which the appliance is in an active' state and below which the appliance is in stand-by' state.
The measured energy consumption level may be compared with this threshold to determine the operating state of the appliance. If it is desired to determine multiple operating states, multiple thresholds may be implanted.
In some applications, single or multiple thresholds may be pre-set to fixed values, but the utility of the switching apparatus may be considerably improved by making the thresholds variable and adapting them to the attached appliance.
For many appliances, the various energy consumption levels conesponding to operating modes are a multiple of the lowest energy consumption level corresponding to an idle' or stand-by' state, so energy consumption thresholds may be calculated adaptively as a multiple of this energy consumption level.
Switching power to connected appliance With reference to figure 3, depending on the operating state of the appliance as deduced by its energy consumption and energy switching thresholds, the controller may connect or disconnect power to electrical outlet(s) using switching means (4).
Switch (4) may be a Relay or TRIAC with associated control circuitry. Switch (4) is turned on and off under control (15) of the controller.
The switching arrangements could be such that that there is a plurality of electrical outlets connected and disconnected by one switch, groups of electrical outlets which can be as a group connected and disconnected by individual switches or a plurality of electrical outlets each connected and disconnected by individual switches.
Optionally, the controller may monitor of the phase and zero cross over point of the mains voltage to assist with the turning on and off of the switch (4).
Optionally, one or more environmental sensors (12) may additionally be connected to the controller to enhance the functionality of the switching unit. For example, if sensor (12) was to be a sound sensor and the switch (4) had previously been operated to disconnect an attached appliance, it would be possible to reconnect the appliance if sound was detected, without reference to the appliance's measured energy consumption. As another example, if sensor (12) was to be a light sensor, the controller may not switch an attached appliance off, even if it was deduced to be in an idle or stand-by state unless it was dark as well.

Claims (13)

  1. Claims An electrical apparatus comprising: an electrical outlet; an electrical inlet for supplying electrical energy to the electrical outlet; and a controller, the controller including: a means for measuring energy consumption drawn from the electrical outlet over a pre-set period of time; an electrical switching means for connecting or disconnecting the electrical outlet to the electrical inlet; and a power supply for the controller, drawing electrical power from the electrical inlet wherein the controller can adjust one or more switching energy thresholds when an appliance is connected to the electrical outlet and the switching means is set to connect the electrical outlet to the electrical inlet, by: a) repeatedly measuring the level of energy consumed by the appliance over a pre-set period of time, b) recording the lowest level of measured energy, c) adjusting the switching energy threshold(s), away from a pre-set value, to pre-determined multiple(s) of the lowest level of measured energy, and wherein the controller may: a) determine the operating mode of the attached appliance when the controller detects a prescribed change in the measured level of energy consumed by the appliance relative to one or more of switching energy thresholds; and b) connect or disconnect the electrical outlet to the electrical inlet according to the determined operating mode.
  2. 2. The electrical switching apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein there may be a plurality of electrical outlets connected in parallel with each other and all connected or disconnected to the electrical inlet by the switching means as claimed in claim 1.
  3. 3. The electrical switching apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein there may be a plurality of electrical outlets with a separate switching means for each one or groups of outlets and the controller may connect or disconnect each individual or group of electrical outlet(s) from the electrical inlet.
  4. 4. The electrical switching apparatus as claimed in claim 1 and claim 3, wherein the controller may arbitrarily connect or disconnect any combination of electrical outlets from the electrical inlet.
  5. 5. The electrical switching apparatus as claimed in claimi and claim 3 and claim 4, wherein the controller may connect or disconnect different combinations of electrical outlets according to the operating state of the attached appliance as determined by the controller.
  6. 6. The electrical switching apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-set period of time over which energy consumption is measured is from about 2OmS to about IOOS.
  7. 7. The electrical switching apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-determined multiple is from about 0.5 to 200.
  8. 8. The power distribution apparatus as claimed in claim 1 and claim 3 and claim 4, wherein the electrical switching means is operable to disconnect one or more of the electrical outlets from the electrical inlet if the measured level of energy consumed falls below the energy switching threshold.
  9. 9. The power distribution apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the electrical switching means is operable to connect one or more of the electrical outlets to the electrical inlet if the measured level of energy consumed rises above the energy switching threshold.
  10. 10. The power distribution apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controller may return the switching energy threshold to its pre-set value in the event of: a. An interruption of the power supply to the controller and/or the electrical inlet; and/or b. Operation of the switching means such that one or more of the electrical outlets is disconnected from the electrical inlet.
  11. 11. The power distribution apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or more environmental sensors may additionally be connected to the controller and wherein the controller may use measured external environmental parameters as measured by the sensors in conjunction with claims 8 and 9 to operate the switching means.
  12. 12. The power distribution apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein one or more environmental sensors may additionally be connected to the controller and wherein the controller may use measured external environmental parameters to operate the switching means to re-connect the electrical outlet to the electrical inlet independently of the measured level of energy consumed.
  13. 13. The power distribution apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein one or more environmental sensors may additionally be connected to the controller and wherein the controller may use measured external environmental parameters to operate the switching means to re-connect the electrical outlets to the electrical inlet independently of the measured level of energy consumed.
GB1004429A 2010-03-17 2010-03-17 Electrical switching apparatus with learned current threshold Withdrawn GB2478762A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1004429A GB2478762A (en) 2010-03-17 2010-03-17 Electrical switching apparatus with learned current threshold

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1004429A GB2478762A (en) 2010-03-17 2010-03-17 Electrical switching apparatus with learned current threshold

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB201004429D0 GB201004429D0 (en) 2010-05-05
GB2478762A true GB2478762A (en) 2011-09-21

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GB1004429A Withdrawn GB2478762A (en) 2010-03-17 2010-03-17 Electrical switching apparatus with learned current threshold

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2484658A (en) * 2010-10-13 2012-04-25 Energy Reducing Products Ltd Energy saving electrical switch
GB2515307A (en) * 2013-06-18 2014-12-24 John Halfpenny Improved electrical switching apparatus with switch-on prediction
EP4376247A1 (en) * 2022-10-28 2024-05-29 Honeywell International Inc. System and method for reducing energy consumption of one or more appliances using smart sockets

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006062329A1 (en) * 2004-12-06 2006-06-15 Jong-Woon Hong The automatic braking apparatus for waiting electric power and multi-outlet using it
WO2009158186A2 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-30 Igo, Inc. Load condition controlled power circuit

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006062329A1 (en) * 2004-12-06 2006-06-15 Jong-Woon Hong The automatic braking apparatus for waiting electric power and multi-outlet using it
WO2009158186A2 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-30 Igo, Inc. Load condition controlled power circuit

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2484658A (en) * 2010-10-13 2012-04-25 Energy Reducing Products Ltd Energy saving electrical switch
GB2484658B (en) * 2010-10-13 2012-10-24 Energy Reducing Products Ltd Improved electrical switching apparatus
GB2515307A (en) * 2013-06-18 2014-12-24 John Halfpenny Improved electrical switching apparatus with switch-on prediction
EP4376247A1 (en) * 2022-10-28 2024-05-29 Honeywell International Inc. System and method for reducing energy consumption of one or more appliances using smart sockets

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