GB2476471A - Cotinine formulation for the treatment of obesity - Google Patents
Cotinine formulation for the treatment of obesity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2476471A GB2476471A GB0922398A GB0922398A GB2476471A GB 2476471 A GB2476471 A GB 2476471A GB 0922398 A GB0922398 A GB 0922398A GB 0922398 A GB0922398 A GB 0922398A GB 2476471 A GB2476471 A GB 2476471A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- cotinine
- formulation
- obesity
- pharmaceutical composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- UIKROCXWUNQSPJ-VIFPVBQESA-N (-)-cotinine Chemical compound C1CC(=O)N(C)[C@@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 UIKROCXWUNQSPJ-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- UIKROCXWUNQSPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cotinine Natural products C1CC(=O)N(C)C1C1=CC=CN=C1 UIKROCXWUNQSPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229950006073 cotinine Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 206010033307 Overweight Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002830 appetite depressant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019502 Orange oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010502 orange oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- DPNGWXJMIILTBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N myosmine Chemical compound C1CCN=C1C1=CC=CN=C1 DPNGWXJMIILTBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RYFOJXFXERAMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nicotyrine Chemical compound CN1C=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1 RYFOJXFXERAMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- YHXKVHQFWVYXIC-JTQLQIEISA-N (S)-nicotine 1-N-oxide Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=C[N+]([O-])=C1 YHXKVHQFWVYXIC-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims 3
- SOPPBXUYQGUQHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Anatabine Natural products C1C=CCNC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SOPPBXUYQGUQHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- SOPPBXUYQGUQHE-JTQLQIEISA-N Anatabine Chemical compound C1C=CCN[C@@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SOPPBXUYQGUQHE-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004260 weight control Methods 0.000 description 3
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009747 swallowing Effects 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001283 Polyalkylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010039424 Salivary hypersecretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037374 absorbed through the skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019577 caloric intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010061428 decreased appetite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003880 negative regulation of appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026451 salivation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- UNAANXDKBXWMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sibutramine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C1(C(N(C)C)CC(C)C)CCC1 UNAANXDKBXWMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004425 sibutramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940126585 therapeutic drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/465—Nicotine; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4545—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a six-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pipamperone, anabasine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/006—Oral mucosa, e.g. mucoadhesive forms, sublingual droplets; Buccal patches or films; Buccal sprays
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
A liquid formulation comprises at least one pharmaceutically active agent selected fromcotinine,myosmine,nicotinen-oxide,anatabineornicotyrine. The formulation is useful in the treatment or prophylaxis of obesity of overweight and as an appetite suppressant. Preferably the composition is provided as a spray or aerosol formulation, in particular, for oral or sub-lingual administration. The formulation may further include carriers such as alkyl alcohols preferably ethanol, propellants and a flaouring oil such as orange oil to enhance the functional properties and improve absorption. A composition comprising a cotinine solution of a lower alcohol or polyol, a propellant and flavouring oil is provided. A device for providing pharmaceutical doses comprising the formulation and a valve means arranged for delivering aerosol doses is also outlined.
Description
OBESITY CONTROL FORMULATION
Field of the Invention
The invention relates to medicinal compositions to assist in controlling weight gain, and particularly obesity, in humans. Particularly, the invention relates to formulations to reduce appetite.
Background and Prior Art Known to the Applicant
Excess weight, and in its extreme form, obesity, are problems affecting much of the developed world. The prevalence of these conditions has escalated over the past few decades and has reached what the World Health Organisation describes as "a global epidemic" (WHO (1998). Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of WHO consultation on obesity. Geneva: World Health Organization).
In its simplest form, overweight or obesity is the result of an imbalance between the cumulative energy consumed by an individual, and the cumulative energy expended.
Obesity is typically assessed by a measure of the Body Mass Index (BMI) -the ratio of an individual's mass (kg) to the square of their height (m). A BMI of 18.5 to 25 kg m2 is considered normal for adults, with a BMI of between 25 to 29.9 being considered overweight, and a BMI of more than 30 defining obesity.
The USA has the highest prevalence of obesity worldwide. In the period 2003-4, surveys showed that over 17% of US citizens aged 2 to 19 years were overweight, with over 30% of adults over 20 being classified as obese. It is well known that obesity is related to a range of clinical disorders such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and so methods to aid weight loss and weight control are of key importance for public health.
As well as the health and clinical implications, weight loss and weight control also has cosmetic applications. Many societies regard a slimmer figure as more attractive, thus making weight loss a lifestyle choice as well as a clinical and healthcare intervention.
Restoring or reversing the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure is key to achieving weight loss or weight control. This may be achieved by a combination of exercise or reduction of food intake. The hunger response of humans is well developed, and considerable willpower is required to reduce food intake in the face of such a strong stimulus. A number of therapeutic drug interventions have been developed to assist in weight loss through appetite suppression such as Sibutramine and Phentermin, although these require careful clinical supervision and may cause unwanted side effects.
Summary of the Invention
Accordingly, the invention provides a liquid pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically active agent which is cotinine.
Cotinine, (S)-i -methyl-5-(3-pyridinyl)-2-Pyrrolidinone, occurs as a metabolic breakdown product of nicotine, and the inventors have found that when administered to humans in the form of a spray, or aerosol, it acts as an appetite suppressant, thereby having a beneficial role in the treatment or prevention of overweight and obesity.
The cotinine may be administered in solution as a drink, but the inventors have found that it is particularly effective when administered by spray or aerosol delivery. They have found several factors that lead to this surprising improvement: Firstly, when administered as a drink, or as drops, although appetite-supressing effects are produced, this administration route leads to excessive salivation by the user leading to the medicament being swallowed. If this occurs (as opposed to being absorbed by the mucosal route) then absorption is poor, and much of the cotinine is simply excreted in the urine without optimal effect. When absorbed by the mucosal route, however, over 80% of the administered cotinine is typically absorbed, and the appetite-supressing effect of the cotinine has a rapid onset. This is particularly important when the medicament is used to control hunger pangs, and to prevent indiscriminate food intake.
Secondly, the inventors have found that the use of a spray or aerosol delivery further enhances the rate and extent of absorption of the cotinine as a result of the large surface area of the droplets produced. Again, this rapid absorption of the drug has beneficial effects in its efficacy.
A yet more preferable embodiment of the invention comprises such a liquid pharmaceutical composition adapted for sublingual delivery. Whilst a liquid, spray or aerosol formulation may be absorbed through the skin, oral or preferably sublingual delivery provides the most rapid and effective uptake of the cotinine.
Preferred doses contain between 50 and 500 microgrammes of cotinine. The composition is also preferably adapted such that a dose in this range is contained in 25 -100 microlitres of diluent. Significantly more than this volume leads to too great a volume of the composition in the mouth which, apart from being unpleasant for the user, again leads to inadvertent swallowing of the composition, and subsequent reduced absorption.
Preferably, the composition further comprises a propellant. Particularly preferred propellants are 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-1 34a) or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3 -heptafluoropropane (HFC-227). The use of a propellant provides a particular advantage in that, being highly volatile, rapid evaporation of the propellant occurs in the mouth, again leading to a reduction of the volume of the composition thereby reducing or preventing swallowing of the cotinine, and thus again improving absorption.
Further preferred embodiments of the invention comprise such a composition further comprising at least one carrier. Preferred carriers are lower alkyl alcohols, especially ethanol, or a pharmaceutically acceptable polyol. The use of such a carrier enhances the solvation of the cotinine, thus improving further the absorption kinetics.
Further preferred embodiments of the invention comprise such compositions further comprising a flavouring oil. Of the essential oils, orange oil is particularly preferred, as it is particularly effective at masking the flavour of the cotinine, making the medicament more acceptable to the user, and thus improving user compliance with the pharmaceutical routine. The flavouring oils also have a beneficial role in improving the transport of the cotinine across the mucosal membranes.
Included within the scope of the invention is the use of cotinine in the preparation of one or more such pharmaceutical compositions described herein as an appetite suppressant.
Included within the scope of the invention is the use of cotinine in the preparation of one or more such pharmaceutical compositions described herein for the treatment or prophylaxis of obesity or overweight.
Also included within the scope of the invention is the use in medicine of a composition as described herein.
Further included within the scope of the invention is a device for providing pharmaceutical doses comprising a container containing a pharmaceutical composition as described herein and valve means arranged for delivering aerosol doses of said pharmaceutical composition to the exterior of the container.
It is particularly preferred that at least a portion, and preferably substantially all of such device is formed from a polyester. The inventors have found that this material is particularly suitable, being resistant to both the ingredients as well as the carrier and propellant. It is particularly preferred, therefore, that regions of the device in contact with the composition are formed from a polyester. Particularly preferred polyesters are polyalkylene benzene dicarboxylate, polyalkylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate.
It is further preferred that transparent or translucent regions of the device (such as regions constructed from Type 1 glass) are coated with an amber-coloured film to prevent degredation of the composition by the action of UV light.
Also included within the scope of the invention is a method of treating overweight or obesity comprising the administration to a patient in need thereof of a therapeutically effective amount of cotinine in the form of a composition as described herein, preferably by the sub-lingual route.
Description of Preferred Formulations
A particularly preferred composition according to the invention is: Component Preferred Lower Limit Preferred Upper Limit Propellant 75 % (w/w) 95% (w/w) Cotinine Solution * 5% (w/w) 25% (w/w) Flavouring Oil 0.1% (w/w) 2% (w/w) *The cotinine solution itself preferably comprises a combination of 2 -8% (w/w) cotinine and 98-92% (w/w) of a lower alkyl alcohol (preferably ethanol) or a pharmaceutically-acceptable polyol. Particularly preferred polyols include one or more polyols selected from the group comprising polypropylene glycol, glycerol and polyethylene glycol.
Claims (14)
- CLAIMS1. A liquid pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one pharmaceutically active agents selected from the group comprising: cotinine; myosmine; nicotine n-oxide; anatabine; and nicotyrine.
- 2. A liquid pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, and comprising a plurality of said agents.
- 3. A composition according to either of claim 1 or claim 2 adapted for spray or aerosol delivery.
- 4. A liquid pharmaceutical composition according to any preceding claim, adapted for sublingual delivery.
- 5. A composition according to any preceding claim further comprising a propellant.
- 6. A composition according to any preceding claim further comprising at least one carrier.
- 7. A composition according to claim 6 wherein the at least one carrier comprises ethanol.
- 8. A composition according to any preceding claim further comprising a flavouring oil.
- 9. A composition according to claim 8 wherein the flavouring oil is orange oil.
- 10. The use of a pharmaceutically active agent selected from the group comprising: cotinine; myosmine; nicotine n-oxide; anatabine; and nicotyrine in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition according to any preceding claim as an appetite suppressant.
- 11. The use of a pharmaceutically active agent selected from the group comprising: cotinine; myosmine; nicotine n-oxide; anatabine; and nicotyrine in the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition according to any preceding claim for the treatment or prophylaxis of obesity or overweight.
- 12. The use in medicine of a composition according to any preceding claim.
- 13. A device for providing pharmaceutical doses comprising a container containing a pharmaceutical composition according to any of claims 1 to 9 and valve means arranged for delivering aerosol doses of said pharmaceutical composition to the exterior of the container.
- 14. A method of treating overweight or obesity comprising the administration to a patient in need thereof of a therapeutically effective amount of cotinine in the form of a composition according to any of claims 1-9 by the sub-lingual route.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0922398A GB2476471A (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2009-12-22 | Cotinine formulation for the treatment of obesity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0922398A GB2476471A (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2009-12-22 | Cotinine formulation for the treatment of obesity |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0922398D0 GB0922398D0 (en) | 2010-02-03 |
| GB2476471A true GB2476471A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
Family
ID=41717381
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0922398A Withdrawn GB2476471A (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2009-12-22 | Cotinine formulation for the treatment of obesity |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2476471A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995029676A1 (en) * | 1994-04-29 | 1995-11-09 | Pharmaco Behavioral Associates, Inc. | Human body weight management |
| WO1999015171A1 (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-04-01 | Pharmacia & Upjohn Ab | Nicotine compositions and methods of formulation thereof |
| WO2007093796A2 (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-23 | Cotrex Llc | Tobacco extraction methods and formulations |
| WO2007118653A2 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-25 | Koko Kosmetikvertrieb Gmbh & Co. Kg | Nanoparticle containing nicotine and/or cotinine, dispersions and use thereof |
| WO2008103818A1 (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-08-28 | University Of Louisville Research Foundation | Therapeutic cotinine compositions |
-
2009
- 2009-12-22 GB GB0922398A patent/GB2476471A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995029676A1 (en) * | 1994-04-29 | 1995-11-09 | Pharmaco Behavioral Associates, Inc. | Human body weight management |
| WO1999015171A1 (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-04-01 | Pharmacia & Upjohn Ab | Nicotine compositions and methods of formulation thereof |
| WO2007093796A2 (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-23 | Cotrex Llc | Tobacco extraction methods and formulations |
| WO2007118653A2 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-25 | Koko Kosmetikvertrieb Gmbh & Co. Kg | Nanoparticle containing nicotine and/or cotinine, dispersions and use thereof |
| WO2008103818A1 (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2008-08-28 | University Of Louisville Research Foundation | Therapeutic cotinine compositions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0922398D0 (en) | 2010-02-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |