GB2473030A - Fluid heating apparatus and method comprising a heat exchanger adjacent a flue - Google Patents

Fluid heating apparatus and method comprising a heat exchanger adjacent a flue Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2473030A
GB2473030A GB0914992A GB0914992A GB2473030A GB 2473030 A GB2473030 A GB 2473030A GB 0914992 A GB0914992 A GB 0914992A GB 0914992 A GB0914992 A GB 0914992A GB 2473030 A GB2473030 A GB 2473030A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
fluid
heat
heat exchanger
flue
generator
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Granted
Application number
GB0914992A
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GB0914992D0 (en
GB2473030B (en
Inventor
David John Farrant
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to GB0914992.3A priority Critical patent/GB2473030B/en
Publication of GB0914992D0 publication Critical patent/GB0914992D0/en
Publication of GB2473030A publication Critical patent/GB2473030A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2473030B publication Critical patent/GB2473030B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/0005—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for domestic or space-heating systems
    • F28D21/0007—Water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
    • F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/18—Flue gas recuperation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus for heating a fluid, such as water or pressurised air, comprises a heat generator 10, a flue 12 for exhaust gases produced by the heat generator, and a heat exchanger 14 situated adjacent to the flue. A fluid within the heat exchanger is heated by heat radiated from the flue. Preferably, the heat generator comprises a stove, a furnace or a boiler. Alternatively, the heat generator may comprise an engine (26, fig.2), where the flue comprises a vehicle exhaust pipe (28, fig. 2). The heat generator may generate heat from the combustion of a solid fuel, such as wood, coal or peat, or from the combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel, such as oil or natural gas. Preferably, the heat exchanger is provided with an outlet 24 placed in fluid connection with one or more central heating radiators, or for supplying hot water. The apparatus may further comprise an electricity generator powered by a fluid, such as steam, heated in the heat exchanger. In a further aspect, a method for heating a fluid is disclosed.

Description

Apparatus and method for generating heat The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for heating a fluid, for example for use in a boiler or radiator. In particular, the invention relates to an apparatus and method for heating a fluid using the heat from exhaust gases.
Boilers are commonly used to supply heating, hot water and steam for both domestic and industrial use and to generate electricity. They can also be used to generate steam used for locomotion.
Boilers require a heat source and this is typically provided by combustion of one of several fuels, such as wood, coal, oil or natural gas. Hot gases resulting from combustion of the fuel are expelled into the atmosphere through a flue, such as a chimney.
Most conventional boilers contain water pipes which are heated by heat source, creating hot water and/or steam which is typically used for heating or hot water supply.
A first aspect of the present invention provides apparatus for heating fluid, comprising: a heat generator a flue for exhaust gases generated by the heat generator a heat exchanger adjacent the flue, wherein fluid within the heat exchanger is heated by the heat radiated from the flue.
The heat from the flue can thus be harnessed.
The heat generator may comprise a device which generates heat from the combustion of fuel. The heat generator may comprise a stove, furnace, boiler, generator or engine. The fuel may comprise a solid fuel, such as wood, coal or peat, a liquid fuel, such as oil or a gas, such as natural gas.
The flue comprises any conduit through which exhaust gases pass.
In one embodiment the flue comprises a vehicle exhaust pipe.
The heat exchanger may have a counter current arrangement. In such an arrangement, the flow of fluid n the heat exchanger is opposite to the flow of exhaust gas in the flue. Thus cooler fluid in the heat exchange first comes into contact with the cooler part of the flue. This provides efficient heat transfer.
The heat exchanger may comprise a boiler or radiator.
The apparatus may comprise one or more heat exchangers adjacent and/or above the flue.
Preferably the fluid within the heat exchanger comprises water.
The heat exchanger has an outlet for providing a hot water supply.
The heat exchanger may be provided with an outlet in fluid connection with one or more radiators.
The apparatus may further comprise an electricity generator, powered by fluid heated by the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger may generate steam. Alternatively, the fluid within the heat exchanger may comprise pressurised air.
At least a part of the flue may be substantially horizontal.
This arrangement enhances heat transfer.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for heating a fluid, the method comprising the steps of: burning a fuel in a heat generator; passing the exhaust gases through a flue; providing a heat exchanger adjacent the flue, thereby using the heat radiated from the flue to heat fluid in the heat exchanger.
The method may further comprise outputting the fluid in the heat exchanger to provide a hot water source.
The method may further comprise outputting the fluid in the heat exchanger to one or more radiators.
The method may further comprise using the heated fluid to power a generator.
Preferred features of the second aspect of the invention may be as described above in connection with the first aspect.
Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words "comprise" and "contain" and variations of the words, for example "comprising" and "comprises", mean "including but not limited to", and do not exclude other moieties, additives, components, integers or steps.
Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.
Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following example. Generally speaking the invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims and drawings) . Thus features, integers, characteristics, compounds, chemical moieties or groups described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith.
Moreover unless stated otherwise, any feature disclosed herein may be replaced by an alternative feature serving the same or a similar purpose.
The present invention will now be described by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying illustrative drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a flue boiler according to a first embodiment; Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of vehicle exhaust pipe and heat exchanger according to a second embodiment; Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a flue boiler with a horizontal flue; and Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a radiator heated by an vehicle exhaust pipe.
Figure 1 illustrates a first embodiment according to the invention. A stove 10, for example a RayburnT' is powered by combustion of fuel, for example solid fuel (e.g. wood or coal) or oil. The stove has a firebox or oil burner in which the fuel is burnt and the heat generated can be used for cooking in/on the stove and for heating water for radiators.
The stove 10 is provided with a flue 12 for exhaust gases from the combustion of fuel. The exhaust gases passing through the flue are hot and the inventor has discovered a way of harnessing this heat.
A boiler 14 is provided with the flue, so that heat radiated from the flue will heat the fluid passing through the boiler.
In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the boiler 14 is in the form of an tank with the flue channelled around it. An outer casing 16 around the tank creates a channel 18 between the tank and outer casing, forming a flue through which the exhaust gases can pass. At the top of the tank, the flue again forms a single conduit. Forming the flue around the tank has the advantage that fluid within it is heated from both underneath and the sides.
In this embodiment, the boiler 14 is of a conventional type, which will not be described in detail herein. Figure 1 shows the fluid inlet 22 and outlet 24. The inlet 22 is lower than the outlet 24, so that cold fluid entering through the inlet 22 heated by the relatively hotter section of the flue, thereby creating convection current.
The fluid circulating within the boiler is typically water and may be used for providing hot water or central heating.
Alternatively, the fluid may comprise pressurised air, which can be used, for example, for heating.
Further boilers could be mounted further up the flue, if there is sufficient heat in the exhaust gases to provide heat.
Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment in which the invention is used in a vehicle, such as a car or lorry.
Conventional vehicles are typically powered by a diesel or petrol engine, with the hot exhaust gases being expelled through an exhaust pipe. The heat from the exhaust pipe can be used as the power source for a fluid heater.
Figure 2 is a schematic illustration showing an engine block 26 and an exhaust pipe 28 on a vehicle. A heat exchange arrangement 30 surrounds the exhaust pipe 28.
The heat exchange arrangement comprises two concentric pipes of different diameters 28,30. The inner pipe of smaller diameter 28 is the exhaust pipe and the space between the inner 28 and outer 30 pipes forms a fluid channel. Fluid flowing through the fluid channel is heated by the exhaust pipe 28. The fluid channel has a fluid inlet 32 and a fluid outlet 34 arranged in a counter current design, so that fluid within the fluid channel travels in the opposite direction to the exhaust within the exhaust pipe, creating efficient heat exchange.
Fluid flowing through the heat exchange arrangement is heated by the exhaust pipe and can be used in radiators to heat the interior of the vehicle. Where the fluid is water, the production of steam can be used to assist in powering the vehicle, either by powering a turbine, via electricity production or a steam engine.
Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention and illustrates a stove 10 with a flue 12, similar to the one shown in Figure 1. However, in this embodiment, the flue 12 is mounted horizontally, resulting in the better heat transfer between the hot exhaust gases and the fluid within the boiler.
As the fluid within the boiler is heated from the bottom, a convection current is created which heats the fluid within the tank.
Figure 4 illustrates a further embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, a vehicle exhaust pipe 28 is used to heat a radiator 42. As in conventional radiators, the radiator 42 is provided with a series of channels 48,50 between an inlet 44 and outlet 46. Cold water entering the inlet 44 circulates through the channels of the radiator driven by convection and hot water exits at outlet 46. The inlet 44 is located at the bottom of the radiator, so that as it flows past the hot pipes, it is heated and rises.
Whilst figure 3 illustrates an engine with an exhaust pipe, this arrangement is also suitable for use with other types of heat source which create exhaust gases, for example a central heating boiler.
Whilst all of the above embodiments describe the use of a flue to heat water, the invention is suitable for heating other fluids, for example pressurised air.
The present invention enables a supply of heat, hot water, power and/or electricity to be generated from the heat of a flue, which would otherwise be lost to the atmosphere. A flue can comprise any conduit for exhaust gases, such as a chimney or exhaust pipe.
The invention is suitable for use in both domestic and industrial settings. Typical domestic uses may comprise stoves and kitchen ranges, whilst typical industrial uses may comprise furnaces and power stations. The invention is also suitable for use in vehicles.

Claims (21)

  1. Claims 1. Apparatus for heating fluid, comprising: a heat generator a flue for exhaust gases generated by the heat generator a heat exchanger adjacent the flue, wherein fluid within the heat exchanger is heated by the heat radiated from the flue.
  2. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the heat generator comprises a device which generates heat from the combustion of fuel.
  3. 3. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 or 2 wherein the heat generator comprises a stove, furnace, boiler, generator or engine.
  4. 4. Apparatus according to any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the fuel comprises a solid fuel, such as wood, coal or peat.
  5. 5. Apparatus according to any one of claims 2 or 3 wherein the fuel comprises liquid or gas, such as oil or natural gas.
  6. 6. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the flue comprises a vehicle exhaust pipe.
  7. 7. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the heat exchanger has a counter current arrangement.
  8. 8. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the heat exchanger comprises a boiler or radiator.
  9. 9. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the apparatus comprises one or more heat exchangers adjacent or above the flue.
  10. 10. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fluid within the heat exchanger comprises water.
  11. 11. Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the heat exchanger is provided with an outlet for providing a hot water supply.
  12. 12. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the heat exchanger has an outlet in fluid connection with one or more radiators.
  13. 13. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising an electricity generator, powered by fluid heated by the heat exchanger.
  14. 14. Apparatus according to claim 13 wherein the heat exchanger generates steam.
  15. 15. Apparatus according to claim 13 wherein the fluid within the heat exchanger comprises pressurised air.
  16. 16. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least a part of the flue is substantially horizontal.
  17. 17. A method for heating a fluid, the method comprising the steps of: burning a fuel in a heat generator; passing the exhaust gases through a flue; providing a heat exchanger adjacent the flue, thereby using the heat radiated from the flue to heat fluid in the heat exchanger.
  18. 18. A method according to claim 17, further comprising outputting the fluid in the heat exchanger to provide a hot water source.
  19. 19. A method according to claim 17 further comprising outputting the fluid in the heat exchanger to one or more radiators.
  20. 20. A method according to claim 17 further comprising using the heated fluid to power a generator.
  21. 21. Apparatus for heating fluid substantially as herein described, with reference to the accompanying illustrative drawings.
GB0914992.3A 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Apparatus and method for generating heat Expired - Fee Related GB2473030B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0914992.3A GB2473030B (en) 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Apparatus and method for generating heat

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0914992.3A GB2473030B (en) 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Apparatus and method for generating heat

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GB0914992D0 GB0914992D0 (en) 2009-09-30
GB2473030A true GB2473030A (en) 2011-03-02
GB2473030B GB2473030B (en) 2014-03-26

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105754636A (en) * 2016-04-29 2016-07-13 上海浩用工业炉有限公司 Reforming heating furnace with flue heat step compensation

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115077281A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-09-20 程子剑 Industrial waste heat power generation system and method

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4090474A (en) * 1976-06-04 1978-05-23 Kauffmann Walter E Hot water booster
DE2653973A1 (en) * 1976-11-27 1978-06-01 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Furnace for hot water central heating system - has helical heat exchanger coil for utilising flue gas heat
DE2803403A1 (en) * 1978-01-26 1979-08-02 Hans Hitzler Free-standing domestic boiler waste heat recovery unit - is double-walled water cooled pipe from boiler to chimney with corrosion-resistant inside walls and external lagging
GB2025599A (en) * 1978-05-04 1980-01-23 Long P W Waste-heat recovery method and apparatus
GB2049128A (en) * 1979-03-29 1980-12-17 Hepp F Waste heat utilization system
DE3012802A1 (en) * 1980-04-02 1981-10-08 Schnarr + Sohn Industrie- und Rohrleitungsbau GmbH & Co KG, 2800 Bremen Central heating waste heat utilisation system - has auxiliary flue connected between boiler and water jacket
DE102004023026A1 (en) * 2003-10-28 2005-06-16 Florian Matschoss Gas-water heat exchanger for providing hot water in building consists of pipe wound in double spiral coil round flue rising vertically from combustion chamber of fire
GB2420174A (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-17 Heatworx Ltd Boiler flue gas heat exchanger with a thermal store and transfer means for preheating water
US20070158048A1 (en) * 1999-09-23 2007-07-12 Ferraro Joseph C External flue heat exchangers
GB2450414A (en) * 2007-06-19 2008-12-24 Ravenheat Mfg Ltd Exhaust gas water heating system

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3913663A (en) * 1974-05-03 1975-10-21 Jack R Gates Energy conservation chamber
DE3010773C2 (en) * 1980-03-20 1983-12-29 Bilger, Friedrich, 7900 Ulm Flue gas heated heat exchanger
FR2760522B1 (en) * 1997-03-04 1999-04-30 Conte Dominique Le BOILER FOR MOUNTING ON A COMBUSTION SMOKE EXHAUST
WO2006051259A1 (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-18 Zenex Technologies Limited System for delivering warmed fluids
WO2006051266A1 (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-18 Zenex Technologies Limited Heat exchanger suitable for a boiler, and a boiler including such a heat exchanger

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4090474A (en) * 1976-06-04 1978-05-23 Kauffmann Walter E Hot water booster
DE2653973A1 (en) * 1976-11-27 1978-06-01 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Furnace for hot water central heating system - has helical heat exchanger coil for utilising flue gas heat
DE2803403A1 (en) * 1978-01-26 1979-08-02 Hans Hitzler Free-standing domestic boiler waste heat recovery unit - is double-walled water cooled pipe from boiler to chimney with corrosion-resistant inside walls and external lagging
GB2025599A (en) * 1978-05-04 1980-01-23 Long P W Waste-heat recovery method and apparatus
GB2049128A (en) * 1979-03-29 1980-12-17 Hepp F Waste heat utilization system
DE3012802A1 (en) * 1980-04-02 1981-10-08 Schnarr + Sohn Industrie- und Rohrleitungsbau GmbH & Co KG, 2800 Bremen Central heating waste heat utilisation system - has auxiliary flue connected between boiler and water jacket
US20070158048A1 (en) * 1999-09-23 2007-07-12 Ferraro Joseph C External flue heat exchangers
DE102004023026A1 (en) * 2003-10-28 2005-06-16 Florian Matschoss Gas-water heat exchanger for providing hot water in building consists of pipe wound in double spiral coil round flue rising vertically from combustion chamber of fire
GB2420174A (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-17 Heatworx Ltd Boiler flue gas heat exchanger with a thermal store and transfer means for preheating water
GB2450414A (en) * 2007-06-19 2008-12-24 Ravenheat Mfg Ltd Exhaust gas water heating system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105754636A (en) * 2016-04-29 2016-07-13 上海浩用工业炉有限公司 Reforming heating furnace with flue heat step compensation

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Publication number Publication date
GB0914992D0 (en) 2009-09-30
GB2473030B (en) 2014-03-26

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20210828