GB2461700A

GB2461700A - A filter for a hand dryer

Info

Publication number: GB2461700A
Application number: GB0812435A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Thomas Bennett; Nathan Charles Brown; Marcus Lee Hartley; Toby James Saville
Original assignee: Dyson Technology Ltd
Current assignee: Dyson Technology Ltd
Priority date: 2008-07-08
Filing date: 2008-07-08
Publication date: 2010-01-13
Also published as: GB0812435D0; WO2010004308A1

Abstract

A filter arrangement 100 for a hand dryer comprises a filter housing 106 removably insertable into a hand dryer, a particulate filter 120, 122 and a further filter 108 located within the filter housing 106, wherein the particulate filter 120, 122 is located within a cartridge 104 which is removably received in the filter housing 106. This permits easy removal and reinsertion of the particulate filter 120, 122 into the filter housing 106 thus reducing the size of the parts which have to be cleaned or replaced when the particulate filter 120, 122 requires cleaning. The filter housing 106 may have a cavity for receiving the cartridge 104 and upstream of the cartridge there may be a barrier member 102. The particulate filter 120, 122 preferably comprises a metallic wool, possibly copper wool, or a plurality of beads, possibly of 1mm-6mm diameter. The further filter 108 may be a sterilising filter downstream of the particulate filter, possibly including a material which may be a resin, preferably including an anti-bacterial agent which could be released into the fluid at a concentration of 1ppm to 5ppm. A fluid collector might be located downstream of the further filter 108.

Description

I

A Filter for a Hand Dryer The present invention relates to a filter arrangement. Particularly, the invention relates to a filter arrangement for a hand dryer.

It is known from, for example, US 5,459,944 to provide an arrangement for collecting and removing waste water from a hand dryer. Waste water is collected via a duct and transferred to a drip collector for subsequent manual removal. However, storage of waste water in this manner is unhygienic because the waste water is untreated. This may result in the spread of bacteria within the hand dryer if the drip collector is not regularly emptied and cleaned.

JP 11-18999 A describes the use of an anti-bacterial sheet in a water collector of a hand dryer. This reduces the problem of bacterial infestation in a water collector and correspondingly reduces the frequency at which it needs to be cleaned for hygiene reasons. However, in use, the anti-bacterial sheet is likely to become blocked with particulate matter. This will affect the performance of the sheet and is likely to increase the level of maintenance required.

WO 2007/088318 discloses a hand dryer having a waste water filtration unit which is located in a cavity formed in the hand dryer. The filtration unit comprises both a particulate filter for removing larger particles of dirt and soap, and a sterilising filter for killing bacteria in the waste water. The sterilising filter is located downstream of the particulate filter. The filtration unit is removable from the cavity for cleaning or replacement.

It has been found that, in use, different parts of a filtration system such as that described in WO 2007/088318 require cleaning or replacement at different intervals, For example, it is more likely that a particulate filter will become blocked or clogged with dirt, soap, or loose skin before the sterilising filter requires replacement.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved filter arrangement for a hand dryer.

The invention provides a filter arrangement for a hand dryer, the filter arrangement comprising a filter housing removably insertable into a hand dryer, a particulate filter and a further filter located within the filter housing, wherein the particulate filter is located within a cartridge which is removably received in the filter housing.

When in use in a hand dryer, a particulate filter will require cleaning or replacement more frequently than the remainder of the filter arrangement. Therefore, by providing a particulate filter which is removable from remainder of a filter arrangement, routine maintenance of the filter arrangement will be more straightforward.

Further, by providing the particulate filter within a removable cartridge, the particulate filter can be easily removed from, and inserted back into, the filter housing. The above arrangement reduces the size of the parts which have to be cleaned or replaced when the particulate filter requires cleaning, resulting in cost and time benefits for the user.

The filter housing preferably comprises a cavity for receiving the cartridge. By providing a cavity, the cartridge can be reliably seated within the filter housing.

Preferably, the filter arrangement further comprises a barrier member located upstream of the cartridge. The barrier member allows the particulate filter to be shielded from larger items which may enter the filter arrangement; for example, cigarette butts, coins orjewellery.

It is preferred for the particulate filter to comprise a plurality of beads. A plurality of beads provides effective particulate filtration at low cost. Further, the beads are easy to clean because they are able to move around during a cleaning process, dislodging trapped particulates.

In a preferred arrangement, the diameter of the beads is at least 1 mm, preferably no more than 6 mm. More preferably, the diameter of the beads is 4 mm. This size has been found to be optimum for effective filtration of small particulates.

Preferably, the particulate filter comprises a metallic wool. More preferably the metallic wool is copper wool. In addition to functioning as a particulate filter, copper wool is able to prevent uncontrolled growth of bacteria and, therefore, reduce odour.

Preferably, the further filter is a sterilising filter located downstream of the particulate filter. By providing such an arrangement, the particulate filter can remove some solid material and larger particulates from the waste liquid to prevent the sterilising filter from clogging.

The sterilising filter preferably comprises a material including an anti-bacterial agent.

This can enable the interior of the filter arrangement to be kept substantially bacteria-free, improving the cleanliness of the hand drying apparatus. This material is a preferably a resin. Resins release loaded agents by ion exchange, which is more convenient than conventional dosing methods and more effective than surface-acting coatings.

In a preferred arrangement, the resin is arranged to release the anti-bacterial agent into the liquid at a concentration of at least 1 ppm. More preferably, the resin is arranged to release the anti-bacterial agent into the liquid at a concentration no greater than 5 ppm.

Such concentrations of anti-bacterial agents allow effective sterilisation of the water contained therein, without disadvantages such as discolouration of the water or adverse smells.

It is preferred that the filter arrangement further comprises a collector located downstream of the further filter for collecting fluid treated by the particulate filter and the further filter.

An embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a side view of a hand dryer; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the hand dryer of Figure 1; Figure 3 is plan view of the hand dryer of Figure 1; Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of a filter arrangement removed from the hand dryer of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a perspective view of the filter arrangement of Figure 4 with the component parts fitted together; Figure 6 is a plan view of the filter arrangement of Figure 4; Figure 7 is a section through the filter arrangement of Figure 4 taken along the line A-A of Figure 6; and Figure 8 is a section through the filter arrangement of Figure 4 taken along the line A-A of Figure 6 showing the filter arrangement in place in the hand dryer of Figure 1.

Figures 1 and 2 show a hand dryer 10. The hand dryer 10 includes a main body 12. A cavity 14 is formed in the main body 12. The cavity 14 is defined by opposing arcuate front and rear walls 16, 18, and has an upper end 20 and a lower end 22. The cavity 14 is open at the upper end 20 thereof, the dimensions of the opening being sufficient to allow a user's hands (not shown) to be inserted easily into the cavity 14 for drying.

A high-speed airflow is generated by a motor and fan assembly (not shown) located inside the main body 12. The high-speed airflow is expelled through two slot-like openings 24 disposed at the upper end 20 of the cavity 14 to dry the user's hands. These openings 24 are not material to the present invention. The cavity 14 is open at the sides as can be seen in Figures 1 and 2.

Referring to Figure 3, an outlet 26 is located at the lower end 22 of the cavity 14. The outlet 26 is arranged to receive fluid removed from a user's hands by the high-speed airflow expelled through the slot-like openings 24. In this embodiment, the outlet 26 forms a part of a filter arrangement 100.

Figure 4 shows an exploded view of the filter arrangement 100 in more detail. In this figure, the filter arrangement 100 has been removed from the remainder of the hand dryer 10 for clarity. The filter arrangement 100 is designed to filter particulates and impurities from, and to kill bacteria in, waste water which has passed through the outlet 26. The filter arrangement 100 includes a barrier member 102, a particulate filter unit 104, a filter housing 106 and a sterilising filter 108.

The barrier member 102 takes the form of a flat plate which, when placed in the hand dryer 10, is surrounded by the outlet 26 and prevents relatively large objects, for example cigarette butts or coins, from entering the filter arrangement 100 via the outlet 26.

The particulate filter unit 104 is in the form of a cartridge and has an outer case 110 which is substantially wedge-shaped. The outer case 110 has a flat upper surface 112. A cut-out 114 is formed in the upper surface 112. The cut-out 114 enables the particulate filter unit 104 to be located in the filter housing 106. The upper surface 112 also includes a number of through-holes in the form of a plurality of elongate slots 116. The slots 116 provide access for fluid and entrained particulates to the interior of the particulate filter unit 104. A plurality of outlet openings 118 are provided at a lower end of the outer case 110 to enable fluid to leave the particulate filter unit 104.

Referring to Figure 7, the particulate filter unit 104 includes first and second particulate filters 120, 122. The first particulate filter 120 is located within the upper part of the particulate filter unit 104 and comprises copper wool. The copper wool provides a physical filtration effect (i.e. preventing larger particles from passing through into the second particulate filter 122 and the sterilising filter 108). However, the copper wool also has a bacteria-limiting effect in that it is able to prevent uncontrolled growth of bacteria in a stagnant environment. This helps to control odour.

By providing the first particulate filter 120 within the upper, elongated part of the wedge-shaped particulate filter unit 104, the area of the bed of the first particulate filter is maximised. A large bed area reduces the pressure drop across the first particulate filter 120 and increases the resistance of the particulate filter unit 104 to fouling and becoming blocked. The large bed area also improves the water collection efficiency of the filter arrangement 100.

Additionally, by locating the first particulate filter 120 at the upper part of the particulate filter unit 104, the copper wool is able to limit the growth of bacteria on the slurry of separated particulates which will form on the surface of the water, providing the maximum odour-reducing effect.

The second particulate filter 122 is located immediately below the first particulate filter with no separating structure. The second particulate filter 122 comprises glass beads having a diameter of 4 mm. The glass beads are packed together within the lower part of the particulate filter unit 104 and serve as a further particulate filter stage, preventing larger particles of solid matter (in particular soap, dirt or loose skin) from entering parts of the filter arrangement 100 downstream of the second particulate filter 122.

Referring back to Figure 4, the filter housing 106 has first and second sections 124, 126.

The first and second sections 124, 126 are divided by a partition wall 128. The first section 124 forms an open-ended cavity 130 into which the particulate filter unit 104 and barrier member 102 are received (this is best shown in Figure 5). A locating portion 132 projects upwardly from the partition wall 128 and is arranged to secure the particulate filter unit 104 in the cavity 130 by engagement with the cut-out 114.

The cavity 130 has an outer wall 134. The upper end of the outer wall 134 delimits a part of the outlet 26. Therefore, the outlet 26 from the cavity 14 of the hand dryer 10 is defined by the barrier member 102 and the upper end of the outer wall 134. As can be seen in Figure 3, when located in the hand dryer 10, the uppermost end of the outer wall 134 lies adjacent, and flush with, the front and rear walls 16, 18.

The lower end of the cavity 130 is arranged, in use, to function as a sump and to retain a level of water therein. This is so that the second particulate filter 122 of the particulate filter unit 104 and the sterilising filter 108 remain wetted during normal use of the hand dryer 10. The retained water comprises water received by the outlet 26 -no external water supply is required.

At the base of the cavity is located a drain 1 35a. A sump plug 135b is located in the drain I 35a. The sump plug I 35b is removable from through the cavity 130 of the filter arrangement 100 to allow any water remaining in the cavity 130 to drain out during cleaning. The sump plug 135b has an elongate upper part so that a user can grasp the sump plug 1 35b without having to touch any water or particulates within the cavity 130.

The second section 126 is located downstream of the first section 124, below the water line of the filter arrangement 100 in normal use. The second section 126 contains the sterilising filter 108 and includes connections to parts of the hand dryer 10 downstream of the sterilising filter 108. When the filter arrangement 100 is installed in the hand dryer 10, the whole of the second section 126 is located inside the main body 12.

An inlet 136 is located at a lower end of the cavity 130 and provides a communication path between the cavity 130 and the interior of the second section 126. The inlet 135 is covered by a mesh (not shown). The sterilising filter 108 is located downstream of the inlet 136.

The sterilising filter 108 is located within an L-shaped cavity 138 and is bounded by a weir wall 140 and a mesh 142. The sterilising filter 108 comprises particles of an iodine-loaded resin which is loaded at a concentration of 500 Wi. The iodine-loaded resin acts as a sterilising compound to kill any bacteria present in the water. The particles of the sterilising filter 108 are substantially spherical and have dimensions around 0.9 mm. However, particles having dimensions in the range of 0.1 to 2 mm could also be used.

The filter arrangement 100 is arranged such that, when the water level in the sterilising filter 108 has reached its natural level in normal use, the iodine-loaded resin of the sterilising filter 108 is completely submerged in water. This is beneficial because the sterilising filter 108 is prone to cracking and forming air pockets if it is permitted to dry out once it has become wetted. By keeping the sterilising filter 108 continuously wetted, this problem is avoided. In addition, this configuration ensures that the water flow is well distributed. Due to the cavity 138 being in communication with the cavity 130 through the inlet 136, the water levels in the cavity 138 and the cavity 130 will, in use, equalise.

A collector 144 is located downstream of the sterilising filter 108. The collector 144 is separated from the sterilising filter 108 by the weir wall 140. The height of the weir wall determines the maximum level of liquid that can be contained within the collector 144. The collector 144 is arranged to collect filtered and sterilised water which has passed through the particulate filter unit 104 and the sterilising filter 108. The collector 144 has an outlet 146 located at the lower end of the collector 144 through which water can be leave the collector 144.

A level sensor 148 is provided in the collector 144 in order to determine the level of the water in the collector 144 and, therefore, to determine when the collector 144 requires emptying. The actual form of the level sensor 148 is not material to the invention. Any suitable means could be used; for example, a magnetic float, or a suitable thermistor may be used.

An air outlet 150 is located at the upper end of the collector 144 adjacent the level sensor 148. When the filter arrangement 100 is located in the hand dryer 10, the air outlet 150 is arranged to supply atmospheric air to the interior of the collector 144. This ensures that the fluid levels within the interior of the second section 126 equalise with the fluid levels in the cavity 130 of the first section 124.

Referring now to Figure 8, when the filter arrangement 100 is located within the hand dryer 10, the outlet 146 is in communication with parts of the hand dryer 10 downstream of the filter arrangement 100. A pipe 152 forming part of the hand dryer 10 is connected to the outlet 146. A pump 154 is located in the flowpath along the pipe 152 and is arranged to pump water from the collector 144 for disposal. An example of a disposal method may include, for example, evaporation by a high frequency agitator as shown and described in WO 2007/080364. However, the actual method of disposal of water from the hand dryer 10 is not material to the present invention and will not be discussed any further here.

A breather pipe 156 is connected to the air outlet 150 and provides a communication path between the atmospheric air outside the hand dryer 10 and the collector 144. The breather pipe 156 leads to an air hole 158 located in the cavity 14 of the hand dryer 10.

The air hole 158 is selectively closeable by means of a solenoid valve 160. The solenoid valve 160 is located within the hand dryer 10 adjacent the air hole 158. The solenoid valve 160 is arranged to be in a normally open state. When the filter arrangement is in normal use and the pump 154 is not operating, the air hole 158 remains in an open state so that the pressure inside and outside the filter arrangement 100 can equalise.

However, when the pump 154 is operating, the air hole 158 must be closed such that the pump 154 does not draw air into the collector 144 through the air hole 158. By closing the air hole 158 through energisation of the solenoid valve 160, the pressure created by operation of the pump 154 can be used to draw water through the sterilising filter 108 into the collector 144. This enables the filter arrangement 100 to be flatter in shape, because gravity feeding of water is not essential to draw water through the filter arrangement 100.

In use, the water removed from a user's hands during the drying process flows down the front wall 16 and the rear wall 18 of the cavity 14 and into the outlet 26 disposed at the lower end 22 of the cavity 14. Larger items of dirt and debris (for example, cigarette butts or coins) will be prevented from entering the outlet by the barrier member 102 and will remain at the lower end 22 of the cavity 14 where they can be removed easily by a user.

Referring to Figure 7, upon entering the outlet 26 (arrows A), the water passes into the filter arrangement 100. The water passes through the plurality of elongate slots 116 in the flat upper surface 112 of the particulate filter unit 104. Upon entering the interior of the particulate filter unit 104, the water spreads evenly across the surface of the first particulate filter 120 comprising copper wool. The water moves down through the copper wool (arrow B) of the first particulate filter 120 under the influence of gravity.

During this process, bacteria in the water are suppressed and larger particulates in the water are removed, the particulates remaining trapped in the copper wool.

The water then passes through the plurality of glass beads (arrow B) that form the second particulate filter 122. This process removes further particles of dirt and debris from the water. By the time that the water reaches the sterilising filter 108, the majority of the solid particulates in the water will have been removed by the particulate filter unit 104.

The pie-treated and filtered water then exits the particulate filter unit 104 through the outlet openings 118 and passes through the inlet 136 into the sterilising filter 108 (arrow C). The sterilising filter 108 sterilises the water by deactivating bacteria in the water.

The sterilising filter 108 comprises iodine-loaded resin releases iodine into the water at a rate of 1 to 5 parts per million (ppm). Iodine is a strong oxidant and hence acts as broad spectrum antimicrobial.

The water flows through the sterilising filter 108, is sterilised and then remains in the bottom thereof. This process continues as more water enters the outlet 26 and flows down through the particulate filter unit 104 to be collected at the bottom of the sterilising filter 108. The level of the water collected in the sterilising filter 108 (and lower end of the particulate filter unit 104) will continue to rise until it reaches the maximum level permitted by the weir wall 140. At this point, if more water is introduced through the outlet 26, a net movement of water over the weir wall 140 will occur in the direction shown by the arrow D. At this point, the water flows over the weir wall 140 and is deposited in the collector 144 for disposal. Therefore, the weir wall 140 forces the water to follow a convoluted path from the inlet 136, through the L-shaped cavity 138 and over the weir wall 140. If the weir wall 140 were not present, then the iodinated resin forming the sterilising filter 108 would not be kept submerged, and water entering the sterilising filter 108 would be less reliably directed through the sterilising filter 108, reducing the effectiveness of the sterilisation process.

The water level in the collector 144 will gradually rise towards the top of the weir wall 140. However, if the level in the collector 144 is allowed to rise beyond the top of the weir wall 140, the whole filter arrangement 100 would eventually overflow out of the outlet 26. In order to avoid this problem, the water is removed from the collector 144 at regular intervals.

The level detector 158 detects when the level of water in the collector 144 rises above a pre-determined maximum allowable level. At this point, the pump 154 is started and the solenoid valve 160 is energised to close the air hole 158. The pump 154 operates for a pre-determined period, for example 5 seconds, in order to remove a volume of fluid. By way of an example, a volume of 2 cc may be pumped from the collector 144 during a typical 5 second pumping operation. The pumped water is then passed to a suitable disposal unit (not shown). The actual method of disposal of the water is not material to the present invention.

When the air hole 158 is closed by the solenoid valve 160, the collector 144 effectively becomes a sealed system. Therefore, when the pump 154 operates and water is pumped therethrough, a pressure difference between the collector 144 and the cavity 130 will result. This pressure difference will draw fluid from the lower end of the cavity 130 into the sterilising filter 108, and cause additional water to flow over the weir wall 140 and into the collector 144 for subsequent disposal.

When the pump 154 has pumped sufficient water from the collector 144 such that the level detector 158 is no longer triggered, the pump 154 is switched off. The solenoid valve 160 is then de-energised, so that the air hole 158 again opens. This allows the pressures inside and outside the filter arrangement 100 to equalise, permitting gravity feeding of water into the sterilising filter 108 whilst the pump 154 is switched off.

After a period of use, the filter arrangement 100 will require maintenance. In normal use, the particulate filter unit 104 will become clogged or blocked with particulates before the sterilising filter 108 requires replacement. The particulate filter unit 104 is, therefore, arranged to be removable from the filter housing 106 separately from the sterilising filter 108.

The barrier member 102 and the particulate filter unit 104 are removable from the main body 12 of the hand dryer 10 through the cavity 14. This provides easy and quick access for a user. The user removes the barrier member 102 first, lifting it upward to expose the particulate filter unit 104. The particulate filter unit 104 can then be removed in the fashion of a cartridge from the remainder of the filter arrangement 100 through the cavity 14.

The particulate filter unit 104 can be cleaned by running clean water through it. The nature of the copper wool and the glass beads (forming the first and second particulate filters 120, 122 respectively) mean that a vigorous water flow through these media will cause them to move around and to release the captured dirt, soap and skin particles. If required, the copper wool and the glass beads can be replaced. Occasionally, after a long period of use, the entire particulate filter unit 104 may require replacement.

When the particulate filter unit 104 is removed from cavity 130, a quantity of water and particulate slurry will remain in the lower end of the cavity 130. In order to remove this material easily and without undue inconvenience to the user, the sump plug 13 Sb can be grasped and pulled from the drain 13 5a located in the base of the cavity 130. The sump plug 13 Sb can be removed through the cavity of the hand dryer, making maintenance and cleaning straightforward.

Once the sump plug 135b is removed from the drain 135a, the waste water and particulate slurry will then pass through the drain 135a and out of the hand dryer 10 at a lower end thereof. A bucket or other suitable receptacle can be used to collect the waste water and particulate slurry. The cavity 130 and first section 124 can then be rinsed with clean water in order to clean it. The clean water will flow out through the drain 135a and can be collected in the bucket or other suitable receptacle. The sump plug 135b can then be replaced in the drain 1 35a to seal therein.

When cleaning or replacement is complete, the particulate filter unit 104 can be replaced, cartridge-like, in the cavity 130 formed in the first section 124 of the filter housing 106 by aligning the cut-out 114 with the locating portion 132. The barrier member 102 can then be replaced on top of the particulate filter unit 104. The filter arrangement 100, now clean, can be returned to use quickly and efficiently, with the minimum of effort required by the user.

Eventually, the sterilising filter 108 and parts of the filter arrangement 100 downstream thereof will require cleaning and maintenance. In order to do this, the filter arrangement is removed downwardly through the interior of the main body 12 of the hand dryer 10. The entire filter arrangement 100 can then be replaced, or individual parts thereof replaced or cleaned as required.

Removal of the entire filter arrangement 100 is less straightforward and more time consuming than removal of just the particulate filter unit 104 as described above.

However, the entire filter arrangement 100 will need to be removed far less frequently than the particulate filter unit 104, reducing the number of man hours required to maintain the filter arrangement 100 in a fully operational state.

It will be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the precise details described above. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to the skilled reader.

The particulate filter unit need not be removable through the cavity. Other arrangements may be used; for example, the particulate filter unit may be removed by sliding from the side, front or rear of the main body of the hand dryer.

The further filter need not be a sterilising filter. Other arrangements may be used, for example, a chemical filter or an additional particulate filter.

Additionally, the outlet need not be formed by the filter arrangement. A separate outlet may be located remote from the filter arrangement and connected by a suitable conduit, such as a length of pipe.

Further, there need not be two particulate filters. Any number of particulate filters may be provided. For example, a single particulate filter may be used. The particulate filters may also be located, in use, out of the water in the filter arrangement.

Alternatively, the positions of the first and second particulate filters may be reversed, with the wool located beneath the plurality of beads.

Any suitable material may be used for the particulate filter; it does not need to be metallic wool and/or beads. Other types of particulate filter media could be used; for example, glass-fibre brushes, plastic brushes, porous ceramics, plastic beads or small stones, preferably formed from an inert material with a density greater than I gil.

If a metal is used, it need not be in the form of a wool. Further, other metals may be used; for example, aluminium or silver wool may be used. Further, if beads are to be used, they need not be made from glass. Plastic or metal may be equally suitable.

Additionally, the dimensions of the beads need not be 4 mm. They may be varied in size fromlmmto6mm.

As a further variation, the size of the particulate filter may be varied and may be any size suitable to ensure that the majority of the particulates are filtered and removed from the water to prevent the sterilising filter from clogging and becoming blocked.

The sterilising filter need not be formed of a resin with substantially spherical particles with dimensions in the range of 0.1 to 2 mm. Other particle shapes or sizes could be used, for example by grinding. Alternatively, a single, porous block of resin could be used.

As a further variation, the sterilising filter need not be formed from a resin. Other inorganic host media could be used; for example, inorganic polymers, metal chelates, metal complexes or crystal structures.

The loading of iodine need not be 500 gIl and may be within a preferred range of 300 g/l to 600 gIl. Further, the concentration of iodine released into the water may also be outside the range of I to 5 ppm. What is important is that the concentration is high enough to kill the bacteria in the water whilst low enough to avoid discolouring the water. A high iodine concentration may be harmful arid may discolour surfaces. Further, the volume of the sterilising filter can be varied, provided it is sufficient to sterilise the water.

Additionally, the anti-bacterial agent in the sterilising filter need not be iodine and could include alternative bacteria-killing media; for example, a halogen-containing material or a precursor to a halogen-containing material. Typical, non-exhaustive, examples of these are materials including: Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Hypochlorite or Hypobromide. Alternatively, other methods of sterilising bacteria may be implemented; for example, Titanium dioxide or UV-radiation activated silver nanoparticles.

Further, the particulate filter and sterilising filter need not be located, in use, submerged in water in a sump. They could be located out of the water, or both could be partially submerged in the water. Alternatively, no sump may be provided.

Additionally, there need not be a barrier member. If there is a barrier member, it need not be located directly above the particulate filter unit and may, for example, be located at the side or spaced therefrom.

Additionally, other types of hand drying apparatus could be used other than that shown in the figures. The invention may be applied to conventional hot air hand dryers, or hand drying apparatus having different structural configurations.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A filter arrangement for a hand dryer, the filter arrangement comprising a filter housing removably insertable into a hand dryer, a particulate filter and a further filter located within the filter housing, wherein the particulate filter is located within a cartridge which is removably received in the filter housing.
2. A filter arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filter housing comprises a cavity for receiving the cartridge.
3. A filter arrangement as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter arrangement further comprises a barrier member located upstream of the cartridge
4. A filter arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the particulate filter comprises a plurality of beads.
5. A filter arrangement as claimed in claim 4, wherein the diameter of the beads is at least 1 mm, preferably no more than 6 mm.
6. A filter arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the particulate filter comprises a metallic wool.
7. A filter arrangement as claimed in claim 6, wherein the metallic wool is copper
8. A filter arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the further filter comprises a sterilising filter located downstream of the particulate filter.
9. A filter arrangement as claimed in claim 8, wherein the sterilising filter comprises a material including an anti-bacterial agent.
10. A filter arrangement as claimed in claim 9, wherein the material is a resin.
11. A filter arrangement as claimed in claim 10, wherein the resin is arranged to release the anti-bacterial agent into a fluid at a concentration of at least 1 ppm, preferably no greater than 5 ppm.
12. A filter arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the filter arrangement further comprises a collector located downstream of the further filter for collecting fluid treated by the particulate filter and the further filter.
13. A filter arrangement substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.