GB2460963A - Boundary friction reducing lubricating composition - Google Patents
Boundary friction reducing lubricating composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2460963A GB2460963A GB0910770A GB0910770A GB2460963A GB 2460963 A GB2460963 A GB 2460963A GB 0910770 A GB0910770 A GB 0910770A GB 0910770 A GB0910770 A GB 0910770A GB 2460963 A GB2460963 A GB 2460963A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- molybdenum
- dispersant
- composition
- lubricating composition
- boron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ARIWANIATODDMH-AWEZNQCLSA-N 1-lauroyl-sn-glycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)CO ARIWANIATODDMH-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ARIWANIATODDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauric acid monoglyceride Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO ARIWANIATODDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- -1 molybdenum carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 1-oleoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N glycerol monolinoleate Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-HXUWFJFHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OWXJWNXGYIVLBV-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamothioate Chemical class C(N)([O-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([O-])=S.C(N)([O-])=S.C(N)([O-])=S OWXJWNXGYIVLBV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- KMYDSFJEYTVXKR-UHFFFAOYSA-B molybdenum(4+) tetrathiophosphate Chemical class P(=S)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Mo+4].P(=S)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=S)([O-])([O-])[O-].P(=S)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Mo+4].[Mo+4] KMYDSFJEYTVXKR-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 66
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 28
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 21
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 7
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 6
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005263 alkylenediamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylethanolamine Chemical compound NCCNCCO LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- CIRMGZKUSBCWRL-LHLOQNFPSA-N (e)-10-[2-(7-carboxyheptyl)-5,6-dihexylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]dec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC1C=CC(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C(\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C1CCCCCC CIRMGZKUSBCWRL-LHLOQNFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAIPHJJURHTUIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical class NC1=NC=CS1 RAIPHJJURHTUIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKJVYOFPTRGCSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-aminopropyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound NCCCN(CCO)CCO FKJVYOFPTRGCSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NFCPRRWCTNLGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-phenylbenzene-1,2-diamine Chemical class NC1=CC=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 NFCPRRWCTNLGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical class ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical group [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N carbon disulfide-14c Chemical compound S=[14C]=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004148 curcumin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminopropylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003444 succinic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960001124 trientine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLAQPUNKKBKPDE-FPLPWBNLSA-N (z)-2-hexylbut-2-enedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O FLAQPUNKKBKPDE-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHOVOJWYFIZPCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-benzothiadiazol-4-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC2=C1N=NS2 LHOVOJWYFIZPCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDAGYWUMBWNXIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzene Chemical class CCCCC(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1CC(CC)CCCC RDAGYWUMBWNXIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEYQUBZGSWAPGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-di(nonyl)benzene Chemical class CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC YEYQUBZGSWAPGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLPSARLYTKXVSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethanamine Chemical compound CC(N)C1=CN=CS1 RLPSARLYTKXVSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVOAHINGSUIXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCNCC1 PVOAHINGSUIXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSOAQRMLVFRWIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxydecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC=C NSOAQRMLVFRWIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMMKTOYORLTRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n'-methylpropane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CCC(N)NC OMMKTOYORLTRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHWDSEPNZDYMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indol-2-amine Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC(N)=CC2=C1 IHWDSEPNZDYMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNDUSVBXIVZGOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-perimidin-2-amine Chemical class C1=CC(NC(N)=N2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 UNDUSVBXIVZGOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLSWIGRIBOSFMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-pyrrol-2-amine Chemical class NC1=CC=CN1 QLSWIGRIBOSFMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFGALGYVFGDXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-Dimethylmaleic anhydride Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(=O)OC1=O MFGALGYVFGDXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAOXFRSJRCGJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-aminoethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanamine Chemical compound NCCN1CCN(CCN)CC1 PAOXFRSJRCGJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHGULLIUJBCTEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminobenzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(N)=NC2=C1 UHGULLIUJBCTEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUCFNMOPTGEHQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-2h-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine Chemical compound C1=NC=C2C(Br)=NNC2=C1 NUCFNMOPTGEHQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXGOOCLYBPQWNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethylfuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCC1=CC(=O)OC1=O AXGOOCLYBPQWNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDHWOCLBMVSZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-imidazol-1-ylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound NCCCN1C=CN=C1 KDHWOCLBMVSZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylfuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC1=O AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIKUBYKUYUSRSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-morpholinopropylamine Chemical compound NCCCN1CCOCC1 UIKUBYKUYUSRSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJTZHXQAZLGBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-n-phenylbenzene-1,3-diamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(NC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 VJTZHXQAZLGBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLPFFLWZZBQMAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(C#N)=CC=C1C1N2C=NC=C2CCC1 CLPFFLWZZBQMAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJKJAYFKPIUBAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-carbazol-1-amine Chemical class N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(N)=CC=C2 YJKJAYFKPIUBAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTJFFFGAUHQWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl adipate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCC XTJFFFGAUHQWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- CGBYBGVMDAPUIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N acide dimethylmaleique Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=C(C)C(O)=O CGBYBGVMDAPUIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylpiperazine Chemical compound NCCN1CCNCC1 IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950003476 aminothiazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008378 aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004074 biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLLCYXDFVBWGBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(8-methylnonyl) nonanedioate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC(C)C WLLCYXDFVBWGBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- SNCZNSNPXMPCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCC(N)=O SNCZNSNPXMPCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSNJTIWCTNEOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamothioylsulfanyl carbamodithioate Chemical compound NC(=S)SSC(N)=S CSNJTIWCTNEOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GTBGXKPAKVYEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GTBGXKPAKVYEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKKLPDLKUGTPME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazanium;bis(sulfanylidene)molybdenum;sulfanide Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[SH-].[SH-].S=[Mo]=S ZKKLPDLKUGTPME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940100539 dibutyl adipate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CGBYBGVMDAPUIH-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethylmaleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C(/C)C(O)=O CGBYBGVMDAPUIH-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfide Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002377 dixanthogen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylbenzene Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 KWKXNDCHNDYVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002168 ethanoic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- UPCIBFUJJLCOQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethyl-[2-[2-[ethyl(dimethyl)azaniumyl]ethyl-methylamino]ethyl]-dimethylazanium;dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].CC[N+](C)(C)CCN(C)CC[N+](C)(C)CC UPCIBFUJJLCOQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKQPCPXONLDCMU-CCEZHUSRSA-N lacidipine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OCC)C1C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)(C)C GKQPCPXONLDCMU-CCEZHUSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010699 lard oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKFVKQCZVJVJBX-UHFFFAOYSA-J methanedithioate molybdenum(4+) Chemical class [Mo+4].[S-]C=S.[S-]C=S.[S-]C=S.[S-]C=S DKFVKQCZVJVJBX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOOLFANBWPPEGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(2+);tetraacetate Chemical compound [Mo+2].[Mo+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O DOOLFANBWPPEGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical class C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XMMDVXFQGOEOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-dodecylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCN XMMDVXFQGOEOKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000018 nitroso group Chemical group N(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-aminodiphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ATGUVEKSASEFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WEYVCQFUGFRXOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perazine Chemical compound C1CN(C)CCN1CCCN1C2=CC=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C21 WEYVCQFUGFRXOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002195 perazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- AYNUCZFIHUUAIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-(2h-triazol-4-yl)thiohydroxylamine Chemical class NSC1=CNN=N1 AYNUCZFIHUUAIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylbenzene Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylenedisulfotetramine Chemical compound C1N(S2(=O)=O)CN3S(=O)(=O)N1CN2C3 AGGKEGLBGGJEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical group CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical class [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical class NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/08—Amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/043—Mannich bases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
- C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
- C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
- C10N2030/44—Boron free or low content boron compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/56—Boundary lubrication or thin film lubrication
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
-
- C10N2220/022—
-
- C10N2230/02—
-
- C10N2230/44—
-
- C10N2230/54—
-
- C10N2230/56—
-
- C10N2240/10—
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
There is disclosed a lubricating composition having a base oil, a friction modifier, and a dispersant, wherein the lubricating composition has less than about 325 ppm of boron. The friction modifier is chosen from a non-nitrogen-containing friction modifier (which may be a polyolester such as glycerol monolaurate), a molybdenum-containing friction modifier (which may comprise sulphur) and mixtures thereof. The dispersant is a mixture of non-boron containing and boron-containing dispersants.
Description
S
BOUNDARY FRICTION REDUCING LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
Field of the Disclosure
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a lubricating composition comprising a base oil, a friction modifier, and a dispersant, wherein the lubricating composition comprises less than about 325 ppm of boron.
Background of the Disclosure
[0002] In recent years, there has been growing concern to produce energy-efficient lubricated comporents. Moreover, modern engine oil specifications require lubricants to demonstrate fuel efficiency in standardized engine tests. The thickness and frictional characteristics of lubricant films are known to affect the fuel economy properties of oils.
(0003] When rubbing surfaces in a machine (engine, gear system or transmission) come in contact a frictional force exists that retards the motion of the surfaces. This frictional force, called boundary friction, reduces the efficiency of the machine.
(0004] It is known that non-nitrogen-containing and molybdenum-containing friction modifiers reduce boundary friction. See SAE 2000-01-1972. Moreover, it is known that friction is lower with the combination of molybdenum-containing friction modifiers and ethylene-propylene polymeric dispersants than when the same friction modifiers are combined with other dispersants, such as Mannich or succinimides.
See U.S. Patent No. 6,528,461.
[0005] What is needed is a lubricant composition that is inexpensive and can provide at least one of reduced boundary friction and increased fuel economy.
SUMMARY
10006] In accordance with the disclosure, there is disclosed a lubricating composition comprising a base oil, a dispersant, and a friction modifier, wherein the composition comprises less than about 325 ppm of boron.
[0007] In an aspect, there is also disclosed a method of formulating a lubricating composition having improved fuel efficiency comprising providing a base oil, a dispersant, and a friction modifier, wherein the composition comprises less than about 325 ppm of boron.
(0008] In a further aspect, there is disclosed a method of reducing boundary friction on a surface comprising providing to the surface a lubricating composition comprising a base oil, a dispersant, and a friction modifier, wherein the composition comprises less than about 325 ppm of boron.
[0009] Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.
The objects and advantages of the disclosure will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
[0010] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0011] The present disclosure relates to a lubricating composition comprising a base oil, a friction modifier, and a dispersant, wherein the lubricating composition comprises less than about 325 ppm of boron.
[0012] The dispersant for use in the disclosed lubricating composition can be selected from any of the ashless dispersants known to those skilled in the art.
Suitable ashless dispersants may include ashless dispersants such as succinimide dispersants, Mannich base dispersants, and polymeric polyamine dispersants. In an aspect, the dispersant comprises a basic nitrogen. In another aspect, the dispersant is a non-boron-containing dispersant. Hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acylating agents can be used to make hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimides. The hydrocarbyl- substituted succinic acylating agents include, but are not limited to, hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acids, hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydrides, the hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid halides (for example, the acid fluorides and acid chlorides), and the esters of the hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acids and lower alcohols (e.g., those containing up to 7 carbon atoms), that is, hydrocarbyl-substituted compounds which can function as carboxylic acylating agents.
[0013] Hydrocarbyl substituted acylating agents can be made by reacting a polyolefin or chlorinated polyolefin of appropriate molecular weight with maleic anhydride. Similar carboxylic reactants can be used to make the acylating agents.
Such reactants can include, but are not limited to, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, citraconic acid, citraconic anhydride, mesaconic acid, ethylmaleic anhydride, dimethylmaleic anhydride, ethylrnaleic acid, dimethylmaleic acid, hexylmaleic acid, and the like, including the corresponding acid halides and lower aliphatic esters.
(0014] The molecular weight of the olefin can vary depending upon the intended use of the substituted succinic anhydrides. Typically, the substituted succinic anhydrides can have a hydrocarbyl group of from about 8-500 carbon atoms. However, substituted succinic anhydrides used to make lubricating oil dispersants can typically have a hydrocarbyl group of about 40-500 carbon atoms.
With high molecular weight substituted succinic anhydrides, it is more accurate to refer to number average molecular weight (Mn) since the olefins used to make these substituted succinic anhydrides can include a mixture of different molecular weight components resulting from the polymerization of low molecular weight olefin monomers such as ethylene, propylene and isobutylene.
(0015] The mole ratio of maleic anhydride to olefin can vary widely. It can vary, for example, from about 5:1 to about 1:5, or for example, from about 1:1 to about 3:1. With olefins such as polyisobutylene having a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 7000, or as a further example, about 800 to about 3000 or higher and the ethylene-aipha-olefin copolymers, the maleic anhydride can be used in stoichiometric excess, e.g. 1.1 to 3 moles maleic anhydride per mole of olefin. The unreacted maleic anhydride can be vaporized from the resultant reaction mixture.
[0016] Polyalkenyl succinic anhydrides can be converted to polyalkyl succinic anhydrides by using conventional reducing conditions such as catalytic hydrogenation. For catalytic hydrogenation, a suitable catalyst is palladium on carbon. Likewise, polyalkenyl succinimides can be converted to polyalkyl succinimides using similar reducing conditions.
(0017] The polyalkyl or polyalkenyl substituent on the succinic anhydrides employed herein can be generally derived from polyolefins which are polymers or copolymers of mono-olefins, particularly 1-mono-olefins, such as ethylene, propylene and butylene. The mono-olefin employed can have about 2 to about 24 carbon atoms, or as a further example, about 3 to about 12 carbon atoms. Other suitable mono-olefins include propylene, butylene, particularly isobutylene, 1-octene and 1-decene. Polyolefins prepared from such mono-olefins include polypropylene, polybutene, polyisobutene, and the polyalphaolefins produced from 1-octene and 1-decene. In an aspect, the dispersant is a polyisobutylene-based dispersant.
[0018] In some aspects, the ashless dispersant can include one or more alkenyl succinimides of an amine having at least one primary amino group capable of forming an imide group. The alkenyl succinimides can be formed by conventional methods such as by heating an alkenyl succinic anhydride, acid, acid-ester, acid halide, or lower alkyl ester with an amine containing at least one primary amino group. The alkenyl succinic anhydride can be made readily by heating a mixture of polyolefin and maleic anhydride to about 180°-220°C. The polyolefin can be a polymer or copolymer of a lower monoolefin such as ethylene, propylene, isobutene and the like, having a number average molecular weight in the range of about 300 to about 3000 as determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
[0019] Amines which can be employed in forming the ashless dispersant include any that have at least one primary amino group which can react to form an imide group and at least one additional primary or secondary amino group and/or at least one hydroxyl group. A few representative examples are: N-methyl-propanediamine, N-dodecylpropanediamine, N-aminopropyl-pi perazine, ethanolamine, N-ethanol-ethylenediamine, and the like.
(0020] Suitable amines can include alkylene polyamines, such as propylene diamine, dipropylene triamine, di-(1,2-butylene)triamine, and tetra-(1,2-propylene)pentamine. A further example includes the ethylene polyamiries which can be depicted by the formula H2N(CH2CH2-NH)H, wherein n can be an integer from about one to about ten. These include: ethylene diamine, diethylene triamine (DETA), triethylene tetramine (TETA), tetraethylene pentamine (TEPA), pentaethylene hexamine (PEHA), and the like, including mixtures thereof in which case n is the average value of the mixture. Such ethylene polyamines have a primary amine group at each end so they can form mono-alkenylsuccinimides and bis-alkenylsuccinimides. Commercially available ethylene polyamine mixtures can contain minor amounts of branched species and cyclic species such as N-aminoethyl piperazine, N, N'-bis(aminoethyl)piperazine, N, N'-bis(piperazi nyl)ethane, and like compounds. The commercial mixtures can have approximate overall compositions falling in the range corresponding to diethylene triamine to tetraethylene pentamine.
The molar ratio of polyalkenyl succinic anhydride to polyalkytene polyamines can be from about 1:1 to about 3.0:1.
[0021] In some aspects, the dispersant can include the products of the reaction of a polyethylene polyamine, e.g. triethylene tetramine or tetraethylene pentamine, with a hydrocarbon substituted carboxylic acid or anhydride made by reaction of a polyolefin, such as polyisobutene, of suitable molecular weight, with an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid or anhydride, e.g., maleic anhydride, maleic acid, fumaric acid, or the like, including mixtures of two or more such substances.
[0022] Polyamines that are also suitable in preparing the dispersants described herein include N-arylphenyienediamines, such as N- phenylphenylenediamines, for example, N-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, N-phenyl- 1,3-phenylendiamine, and N-phenyl-1,2-phenylenediamine; aminothiazoles such as aminothiazole, aminobenzothiazole, aminobenzothiadiazole and aminoalkyithiazole; aminocarbazoles; aminoindoles; aminopyrroles; amino-indazolinones; aminomercaptotriazoles; aminoperimidines; aminoalkyl imidazoles, such as I -(2-aminoethyl)irnidazol-e, 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole; and aminoalkyl morpholines, such as 4-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine. These polyamines are described in more detail in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,863,623 and 5,075,383, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
[0023] Additional polyamines useful in forming the hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimides include polyarnines having at least one primary or secondary amino group and at least one tertiary amino group in the molecule as taught in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,634,951 and 5,725,612, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein. Non-limiting examples of suitable polyamines include N,N,N",N"-tetraalkyldialkylenetriamines (two terminal tertiary amino groups and one central secondary amino group), N, N N', N"-tetraalkyltrialkylenetetramiries (one terminal tertiary amino group, two internal tertiary amino groups and one terminal primary amino group), N,N,N',N",N"-pentaalkyltrialkylenetetramines (one terminal tertiary amino group, two internal tertiary amino groups and one terminal secondary amino group), tris(dialkylarninoalkyl)aminoalkylmethanes (three terminal tertiary amino groups and one terminal primary amino group), and like compounds, wherein the alkyl groups are the same or different and typically contain no more than about 12 carbon atoms each, and which can contain from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms each. As a further example, these alkyl groups can be methyl and/or ethyl groups.
Polyamine reactants of this type can include dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA) and N-methyl piperazine.
[0024] Hydroxyamines suitable for herein include compounds, oligomers or polymers containing at least one primary or secondary amine capable of reacting with the hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride. Examples of hydroxyamines suitable for use herein include aminoethylethanolamine (AEEA), aminopropyldiethanolamine (APDEA), ethanolamine, diethanolamine (DEA), partially propoxylated hexamethylene diamine (for example HMDA-2P0 or HMDA-3P0), 3- amino-i,2-propanediol, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, and 2-amino-i, 3-propanediol.
[0025] The mole ratio of amine to hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride can range from about 1:1 to about 3.0:1. Another example of a mole ratio of amine to hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride may range from about 1.5:1 to about 2.0:1.
[0026] The foregoing dispersant can also be a post-treated dispersant made, for example, by treating the dispersant with maleic anhydride and boric acid as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,789,353, or by treating the dispersant with nonyiphenol, formaldehyde and glycolic acid as described, for example, in U.S. Pat, No. 5,137,980, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated y reference in their entirety.
[0027] The Mannich base dispersants can be a reaction product of an alkyl phenol, typically having a long chain alkyl substituent on the ring, with one or more aliphatic aldehydes containing from about 1 to about 7 carbon atoms (for example, formaldehyde and derivatives thereof), and polyamines (especially polyalkylene polyamines). For example, a Mannich base ashless dispersants can be formed by condensing about one molar proportion of long chain hydrocarbon-substituted phenol with from about 1 to about 2.5 moles of formaldehyde and from about 0.5 to about 2 moles of polyalkylene polyamine.
[0028] Hydrocarbon sources for preparation of the Mannich polyamine dispersants can be those derived from substantially saturated petroleum fractions and olefin polymers, such as polymers of mono-olefins having from 2 to about 6 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon source generally contains, for example, at least about 40 carbon atoms, and as a further example, at least about 50 carbon atoms to provide substantial oil solubility to the dispersant. The olefin polymers having a GPC number average molecular weight range from about 600 to 5,000 can be suitable.
However, polymers of higher molecular weight can also be used. Suitable hydrocarbon sources can be isobutylene polymers and polymers made from a mixture of isobutene and a raffinate stream.
[0029] Suitable Mannich base dispersants can be Mannich base ashless dispersants formed by condensing about one molar proportion of long chain hydrocarbon-substituted phenol with from about I to about 2.5 moles of formaldehyde and from about 0.5 to about 2 moles of polyalkylene polyamine.
[0030] Polymeric polyamine dispersants suitable as the ashless dispersarits are polymers containing basic amine groups and oil solubilizing groups (for example, pendant alkyl groups having at least about 8 carbon atoms). Such materials are illustrated by interpolymers formed from various monomers such as decyl methacrylate, vinyl decyl ether or relatively high molecular weight olefins, with aminoalkyl acrylates and aminoalkyl acrylamides. Examples of polymeric polyamine dispersants are set forth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,329,658; 3,449,250; 3,493,520; 3,519,565; 3,666,730; 3,687,849; and 3,702,300, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Polymeric polyamines can include hydrocarbyl polyamines wherein the hydrocarbyl group is composed of the polymerization product of isobutene and a raffinate I stream as described above.
PIB-amine and PIB-polyamines can also be used.
(0031] Methods for the production of ashless dispersants as described above are known to those skilled in the art and are reported in the patent literature. For example, the synthesis of various ashless dispersants of the foregoing types is described in such patents as U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,459,112; 2,962,442, 2,984,550; 3,036,003; 3,163,603; 3,166,516; 3,172,892; 3,184,474; 3,202,678; 3,215,707; 3,216,936; 3,219,666; 3,236,770; 3,254,025; 3,271,310; 3,272,746; 3,275,554; 3,281,357; 3,306,908; 3,311,558; 3,316,177; 3,331,776; 3,340,281; 3,341,542; 3,346,493; 3,351,552; 3,355,270; 3,368,972; 3,381,022; 3,399,141; 3,413,347; 3,415,750; 3,433,744; 3,438,757; 3,442,808; 3,444,170; 3,448,047; 3,448,048; 3,448,049; 3,451,933; 3454,497; 3,454,555; 3,454,607; 3,459,661; 3,461,172; 3,467,668; 3,493,520; 3,501,405; 3,522,179; 3,539,633; 3,541,012; 3,542,680; 3,543,678; 3,558,743; 3,565,804; 3,567,637; 3,574,101; 3,576,743; 3,586,629; 3,591,598; 3,600,372; 3,630,904; 3,632,510; 3,632,511; 3,634,515; 3,649,229; 3,697,428; 3,697,574; 3,703,536; 3,704,308; 3,725,277; 3,725,441; 3,725,480; 3,726,882; 3,736,357; 3,751,365; 3,756,953; 3,793,202; 3,798,165; 3,798,247; 3,803,039; 3,804,763; 3,836,471; 3,862,981; 3,872,019; 3,904,595; 3,936,480; 3,948,800; 3,950,341; 3,957,746; 3,957,854; 3,957,855; 3,980,569; 3,985,802; 3,991,098; 4,006,069; 4,011,380; 4,025,451; 4,058,468; 4,071,548; 4,083,699; 4,090,854; 4,173,540; 4,234,435; 4,354,950; 4,485,023; 5,137,980, and Re 26,433, herein incorporated by reference.
[0032] An example of a suitable ashless dispersant is a borated dispersant.
Borated dispersants can be formed by boronating (borating") an ashless dispersant having basic nitrogen and/or at least one hydroxyl group in the molecule, such as a succinimide dispersant, succinamide dispersant, succinic ester dispersant, succinic ester-amide dispersant, Manriich base dispersarit, or hydrocarbyl amine or polyamine dispersant. Methods that can be used for berating the various types of ashless dispersants described above are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,087,936; 3,254,025; 3,281,428; 3,282,955; 2,284,409; 2,284,410; 3,338,832; 3,344,069; 3,533,945; 3,658,836; 3,703,536; 3,718,663; 4,455,243; and 4,652,387, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
[0033] The borated dispersant can include a high molecular weight dispersant treated with boron such that the borated dispersant includes up to about 2 wt % of boron, for example from about 0.8 wt % or less of boron, as a further example from about 0.1 to about 0.7 wt % of boron, as an even further example, from about 0.25 to about 0.7 wt % of boron, and as a further example from about 0.35 to about 0.7 wt % of boron. The dispersant can be dissolved in oil of suitable viscosity for ease of handling. It should be understood that the weight percentages given here are for neat dispersant, without any diluent oil added.
[0034] A dispersant can be further reacted with an organic acid, an anhydride, and/or an aldehyde/phenol mixture. Such a process can enhance compatibility with elastomer seals, for example. The borated dispersant can further include a mixture of borated dispersants. As a further example, the borated dispersant can include a nitrogen-containing dispersant and/or may be free of phosphorus.
(0035] A dispersant can be present in the lubricating composition in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 10 wt %, for example from about 2 wt % to about 7 wt %, and as a further example from about 3 wt % to about 5 wt % of the lubricating composition.
[0036] The friction modifier for use in the disclosed lubricating composition can be selected from among many suitable compounds and materials useful for imparting this function in lubricant compositions. The friction modifier can be used as a single type of compound or a mixture of different types of compounds. Non-limiting examples of the friction modifier include a nitrogen-containing compound, an ash-containing compound, and a non-nitrogen-containing compound. In an aspect, the disclosed lubricating compositions can comprise a non-nitrogen-containing compound and a molybdenum-containing compound.
(0037] The nitrogen-containing compound can be any compound that comprises a basic nitrogen. In an aspect, the nitrogen-containing compound can be a long chain akylene amine. The long chain alkylene" moieties in the long chain alkylene amine friction modifying compounds preferably have in the range of about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms. More preferably they have in the range of about 14 to about 20 carbon atoms. Long chain alkylene amine friction modifying compounds include, for example, N-aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituted trimethylenediamines in which the N-aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituent is at least one straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbyl group free of acetylenic unsaturation and having in the range of about 14 to about 20 carbon atoms. A non-limiting example of such friction modifier compounds is N-oleyl-trimethylene diamine. Other suitable compounds include N-tallow-trimethyfene diam ne and N-coco-trimethylene diamine.
[0038] One group of friction modifiers includes the N-aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituted diethanol amines in which the N-aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituent is at least one straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbyl group free of acetylenic unsaturation and having in the range of about 14 to about 20 carbon atoms.
(0039] As used herein, the term "hydrocarbyl substituent" or "hydrocarbyl group" is used in its ordinary sense, which is well-known to those skilled in the art.
Specifically, it refers to a group having a carbon atom directly attached to the remainder of the molecule and having predominantly hydrocarbon character.
Examples of hydrocarbyl groups include: [0040] (1) hydrocarbon substituents, that is, aliphatic (e.g., alkyl or alkenyl), alicyclic (e.g., cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl) substituents, and aromatic-, aliphatic-, and alicyclic-substituted aromatic substituents, as well as cyclic substituents wherein the ring is completed through another portion of the molecule (e.g., two substituents together form an alicyclic radical); (0041] (2) substituted hydrocarbon substituents, that is, substituents containing non-hydrocarbon groups which, in the context of this invention, do not alter the predominantly hydrocarbon substituent (e.g., halo (especially chloro and fluoro), hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, alkylmercapto, nitro, nitroso, and sulfoxy); (0042] (3) hetero substituents, that is, substituents which, while having a predominantly hydrocarbon character, in the context of this invention, contain other than carbon in a ring or chain otherwise composed of carbon atoms. Heteroatoms include sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and encompass substituents as pyridyl, furyl, thienyl and imidazolyl. In general, no more than two, for example no more than one, non-hydrocarbon substituent will be present for every ten carbon atoms in the hydrocarbyl group; typically, there will be no non-hydrocarbon substituents in the hydrocarbyl group.
(0043] As discussed above, the friction modifier can comprise a mixture of different compounds, such as a combination of at least one N-aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituted diethanol amine and at least one N-aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituted trimethylene diarnine in which the N-aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituent is at least one straight chain aliphatic hydrocarbyl group free of acetylenic unsaturation and having in the range of about 14 to about 20 carbon atoms. Further details concerning this friction modifier combination are set forth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5.372,735 and 5,441,656, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
(0044] The friction modifier can be an ash-containing compound. In an aspect, the ash-containing compound can be a molybdenum-containing compound.
The molybdenum-containing compound for use in the lubricating compositions disclosed herein can be sulfur-and/or phosphorus-free. A sulfur-and phosphorus-free molybdenum-containing compound can be prepared by reacting a sulfur and phosphorus-free molybdenum source with an organic compound containing amino and/or alcohol groups. Examples of sulfur-and phosphorus-free molybdenum sources include molybdenum trioxide, ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate and potassium molybdate. The amino groups can be monoamines, diamines, or polyamines. The alcohol groups can be mono-substituted alcohols, diols or bis-alcohols, or polyalcohols. As an example, the reaction of diamines with fatty oils produces a product containing both amino and alcohol groups that can react with the sulfur-and phosphorus-free molybdenum source.
(0045] Examples of sulfur-and phosphorus-free molybdenum-containing compounds appearing in patents and patent applications which are fully incorporated herein by reference include the following: Compounds prepared by reacting certain basic nitrogen compounds with a molybdenum source as defined in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,259,195 and 4,261,843. Compounds prepared by reacting a hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxy alkylated amine with a molybdenum source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,164473. Compounds prepared by reacting a phenol aldehyde condensation product, a mono-alkylated alkylene diamine, and a molybdenum source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,266,945. Compounds prepared by reacting a fatty oil, diethanolamine, and a molybdenum source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,889,647. Compounds prepared by reacting a fatty oil or acid with 2-(2-aminoethyl)aminoethanol, and a molybdenum source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 5,137,647. Compounds prepared by reacting a secondary amine with a molybdenum source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,692,256. Compounds prepared by reacting a diol, diamino, or amino-alcohol compound with a molybdenum source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 5,412,130. Compounds prepared by reacting a fatty oU, mono-alkylated alkylene diamine, and a molybdenum source as defined in European Patent Application EP 1136 496 Al. Compounds prepared by reacting a fatty acid, mono-alkylated alkylene diamine, glycerides, and a molybdenum source as defined in European Patent Application EP 1136 497 Al. Compounds prepared by reacting a fatty oil, diethanolamine, and a molybdenum source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,889,647.
[0046] In an aspect, a sulfur-containing, molybdenum-containing compound can also be used in the lubricating compositions disclosed herein. The sulfur-containing, molybdenum-containing compound can be prepared by a variety of methods. One method involves reacting a sulfur-and/or phosphorus-free molybdenum source with an amino group and one or more sulfur sources. Sulfur sources can include for example, but are not limited to, carbon disulfide, hydrogen sulfide, sodium sulfide and elemental sulfur. Alternatively, the sulfur-containing, molybdenum-containing compound can be prepared by reacting a sulfur-containing molybdenum source with an amino group or thiuram group and optionally a second sulfur source. As an example, the reaction of molybdenum trioxide with a secondary amine and carbon disulfide produces molybdenum dithiocarbanates. Alternatively, the reaction of (NH4)2M03S13*n(H20) where n ranges from about 0 to 2, with a tetralkylthiuram disulfide, produces a trinuclear sulfur-containing molybdenum dittiiocarbam ate.
[0047] Non-limiting examples of sulfur-containing, molybdenum-containing compounds appearing in patents and patent applications include the following: Compounds prepared by reacting molybdenum trioxide with a secondary amine and carbon disulfide as defined in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,509,051 and 3,356,702. Compounds prepared by reacting a sulfur-free molybdenum source with a secondary amine, carbon disulfide, and an additional sulfur source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,098,705. Compounds prepared by reacting a molybdenum halide with a secondary amine and carbon disulfide as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,178,258.
Compounds prepared by reacting a molybdenum source with a basic nitrogen compound and a sulfur source as defined in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,263,152, 4,265,773, 4,272,387, 4,285,822, 4,369,119, 4,395,343. Compounds prepared by reacting ammonium tetrathiomolybdate with a basic nitrogen compound as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,283,295. Compounds prepared by reacting an olefin, sulfur, an amine and a molybdenum source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,362,633. Compounds prepared by reacting ammonium tetrathioniolybdate with a basic nitrogen compound and an organic sulfur source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,402,840. Compounds prepared by reacting a phenolic compound, an amine and a molybdenum source with a sulfur source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,466,901. Compounds prepared by reacting a triglyceride, a basic nitrogen compound, a molybdenum source, and a sulfur source as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,765,918. Compounds prepared by reacting alkali metal alkyithioxanthate salts with molybdenum halides as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,966,719. Compounds prepared by reacting a tetralkylthiuram disulfide with molybdenum hexacarbonyl as defined in US. Pat. No. 4,978,464.
Compounds prepared by reacting an alkyl dixanthogen with molybdenum hexacarbonyl as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,990,271. Compounds prepared by reacting alkali metal alkyixanthate salts with dimolybdenum tetra-acetate as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 4,995,996. Compounds prepared by reacting (NH4)2M03S13 *2H2o with an alkali metal dialkyldithiocarbamate or tetralkyl thiuram disulfide as define in U.S. Pat. No. 6,232,276. Compounds prepared by reacting an ester or acid with a diamine, a molybdenum source and carbon disulfide as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 6,103674.
Compounds prepared by reacting an alkali metal dialkyldithiocarbamate with 3-chioropropionic acid, foflowed by molybdenum trioxide, as defined in U.S. Pat. No. 6,117,826.
[00483 Non-limiting examples of molybdenum-containing compounds include molybdenum carboxylates, molybdenum amides, molybdenum thiophosphates, molybdenum thiocarbamates, molybdenum dithiocarbamates, and so forth.
(0049] Additional examples of ash-containing compounds include, but are not limited to, titanium-containing compounds and tungsten-containing compounds.
[0050] Another suitable group of friction modifiers include non-nitrogen-containing compounds, such as polyolesters, for example, glycerol monooleate (GMO), glycerol monolaurate (GML), and the like.
[0051] The friction modifying compound can be present in the lubricating composition in any desired or effective amount. In an aspect, the lubricating composition can comprise from about 0.05% to about 3% by weight, for example from about 0.2% to about 1.5%, and as a further example from about 0.3% to about 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition. However, one of ordinary skill in the art would understand that any amount can be used.
[0052] The lubricating composition disclosed herein can comprise a base oil.
Base oils suitable for use in formulating the disclosed compositions can be selected from any of the synthetic or mineral oils or mixtures thereof. Mineral oils include animal oils and vegetable oils (e.g., castor oil, lard oil) as well as other mineral lubricating oils such as liquid petroleum oils and solvent treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic or mixed paraffinic-naphthenic types. Oils derived from coal or shale are also suitable. Further, oils derived from a gas-to-liquid process are also suitable.
(0053] The base oil can be present in a major amount, wherein °major amount" is understood to mean greater than or equal to 50%, for example from about 80 to about 98 percent by weight of the lubricant composition.
(0054] The base oil typically has a viscosity of, for example, from about 2 to about 15 cSt and, as a further example, from about 2 to about 10 cSt at 100°C.
[0055] Non-limiting examples of synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized olefins (e.g., polybutylenes, polypropylenes, propylene isobutylene copolymers, etc.); polyalphaolefins such as poly(1-hexenes), poly-(1-octenes), poly(1decenes), etc. and mixtures thereof; alkylbenzenes (e.g., dodecylbenzenes, tetradecylbenzenes, di-nonylbenzenes, di-(2-ethylhexyl)benzenes, etc.); polyphenyls (e.g., biphenyls, terphenyl, aUcylated polyphenyJs, etc.); alkylated diphenyl ethers and alkylated diphenyl sulfides and the derivatives, analogs and homologs thereof and the like.
[0056] Alkylene oxide polymers and interpolymers and derivatives thereof where the terminal hydroxyl groups have been modified by esterification, etherification, etc., constitute another class of known synthetic oils that can be used.
Such oils are exemplified by the oils prepared through polymerization of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, the alkyl and aryl ethers of these polyoxyalkylene polymers (e.g., methyl-polyisopropylene glycol ether having an average molecular weight of about 1000, diphenyl ether of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 500-1000, diethyl ether of polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 1000-1500, etc.) or mono-and polycarboxylic esters thereof, for example, the acetic acid esters, mixed C fatty acid esters, or the C13 Oxo acid diester of tetraethylene glycol.
(0057] Another class of synthetic oils that can be used includes the esters of dicarboxylic acids (e.g., phthalic acid, succinic acid, alkyl succinic acids, alkenyl succinic acids, maleic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, linoleic acid dimer, malonic acid, alkyl malonic acids, alkenyl malonic acids, etc.) with a variety of alcohols (e.g., butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2-ethyihexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoether, propylene glycol, etc.) Specific examples of these esters include dibutyl adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl)sebacate, di-n-hexyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, diisodecyl azelate, dioctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, dielcosyl sebacate, the 2-ethyihexyl diester of linoleic acid dimer, the complex ester formed by reacting one mole of sebacic acid with two moles of tetraethylene glycol and two moles of 2-ethylhexanoic acid and the Like.
[0058] Esters useful as synthetic oils also include those made from C12 monocarboxylic acids and polyols and polyol ethers such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylol propane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythrito!, etc. (0059] Hence, the base oil used which can be used to make the compositions as described herein can be selected from any of the base oils in Groups I-V as specified in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines. Such base oil groups are as follows: (0060] Group I contain less than 90% saturates and/or greater than 0.03% sulfur and have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120; Group II contain greater than or equal to 90% saturates and less than or equal to 0.03% sulfur and have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120; Group Ill contain greater than or equal to 90% saturates and less than or equal to 0.03% sulfur and have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 120; Group IV are polyalphaolefins (PAO); and Group V include all other basestocks not included in Group I, II, Ill or IV.
(0061] The test methods used in defining the above groups are ASTM 02007 for saturates; ASTM D2270 for viscosity index; and one of ASTM D2622, 4294, 4927 and 3120 for sulfur.
(0062] Group IV basestocks, i.e. polyalphaolefins (PAO) include hydrogenated oligomers of an aipha-olefin, the most important methods of oligomerisation being free radical processes, Ziegler catalysis, and cationic, Friedel-Crafts catalysis.
(0063] The polyalphaolefins typically have viscosities in the range of 2 to 100 cSt at 100°C., for example 4 to 8 cSt at 100°C. They can, for example, be oligomers of branched or straight chain aipha-olefins having from about 2 to about 30 carbon atoms, non-limiting examples include polypropenes, polyisobutenes, poly-1-butenes, poly-1-hexenes, poly-1-octenes and poly-1-decene Included are homopolymers, interpolymers and mixtures.
[0064] Regarding the balance of the basestock referred to above, a "Group I basestock" also includes a Group I basestock with which basestock(s) from one or more other groups can be admixed, provided that the resulting admixture has characteristics falling within those specified above for Group I basestocks.
[0065] Exemplary basestocks include Group I basestocks and mixtures of Group II basestocks with Group I bright stock.
(00661 Basestocks suitable for use herein can be made using a variety of different processes including but not limited to distillation, solvent refining, hydrogen processing, oligomerisation, esterification, and re-refining.
(0067] The base oil can be an oil derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons. Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons can be made from synthesis gas containing H2 and CO using a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst. Such hydrocarbons typically require further processing in order to be useful as the base oil. For example, the hydrocarbons can be hydroisomerized using processes disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,103,099 or 6,180,575; hydrocracked and hydroisomerized using processes disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,943672 or 6,096,940; dewaxed using processes disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,882,505; or hydroisomerized and dewaxed using processes disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,171; 6,080,301; or 6,165,949.
(0068] Unrefined, refined and rerefined oils, either mineral or synthetic (as well as mixtures of two or more of any of these) of the type disclosed hereinabove can be used in the base oils. Unrefined oils are those obtained directly from a mineral or synthetic source without further purification treatment. For example, a shale oil obtained directly from retorting operations, a petroleum oil obtained directly from primary distillation or ester oil obtained directly from an esterification process and used without further treatment would be an unrefined oil. Refined oils are similar to the unrefined oils except they have been further treated in one or more purification steps to improve one or more properties. Many such purification techniques are known to those skilled in the art such as solvent extraction, secondary distillation, acid or base extraction, filtration, percolation, etc. Rerefined oils are obtained by processes similar to those used to obtain refined oils applied to refined oils which have been already used in service. Such rerefined oils are also known as reclaimed or reprocessed oils and often are additionally processed by techniques directed to removal of spent additives, contaminants, and oil breakdown products.
[0069] In an aspect, the lubricating composition can comprise less than about 325 ppm of boron. In a further aspect, the lubricating composition can comprise less than about 300 ppm of boron, and for example less than 280 ppm of boron.
(0070] The disclosed lubricating composition can reduce boundary friction on a surface of a machine as compared to a surface that is not lubricated with the disclosed lubricating composition. In an aspect, the lubricating composition can be applied/provided to any surface of any machine, such as for example an engine, a gear, etc. (0071] Optionally, other components can be present in the lubricant composition. Non-limiting examples of other components include antiwear agents, dispersants, diluents, defoamers, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, corrosion inhibitors, extreme pressure agents, seal well agents, antioxidants, pour point depressants, rust inhibitors and friction modifiers.
EXAMPLES
[0072] Example I
(0073] Four dispersants (A-D) and two friction modifiers were blended/mixed/combined with base oil in various combinations to form lubricant compositions. The boundary friction coefficient of the resultant lubricant composition was determined using a high frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) as described in SAE paper 961142 (Jan. 1996), the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. The results are shown in Table 1.
_________ _____ ______ ______ Table_I ____________ _________ _________ % non-Reduction Disp. Disp. nitrogen-molybdenum-Boundary Friction B in A B containing containing Friction Coeff. v.
oil (wt.% (wt.% compound compound Coeff. At Compare Example (ppm) active) active) (wt.%) (wt.°/!) 130°C 1 Compare 1 347 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.139 _________ Invention 1 0 0.0 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.121 13% Compare 2 347 _3.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.102 -27% Invention 2 0 0.0 3.1 0.5 0.0 0.075 46% Invention 3 174 1.55 1.55 0.5 0.0 0.090 35% Invention 4 87 0.77 2.33 0.5 0.0 0.078 44% Compare 3 347 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.103 26% Invention 0 0.0 3.1 0.0 0.5 0.088 36% Compare 4 347 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.8 -0.097 30% Invention 6 0 0.0 3.1 0.0 0.8 0.054 61% Disp. Disp.
____ __ C D ____ _____ ____ ____
Compare 295 2.5 0.0 0.3 0.05 -0.109 22% Invention 7 0 0.0 2.5 0.3 0.05 0.088 37% Invention 8 74 0.63 1.88 0.3 0.05 0.083 40% Disporsant A -High vinylidene PIB based dispersant with TEPA as the amine and is boronated. Typical Analytical %N 1.1; TBN 16.6 mgKOHIg; %B 1.12 Dispersant B -Conventional PIB based dispersant with with TEPA as the amine. Typical Analytical %N 1.2; TBN 16.6 mgKOH/g Dlspersant C -High vinylidene PIB based dispersant with E-100 as the amine and is boronated. Typical Analytical %N 1.52; TBN 32.7 rngKOHIg, %B 1.18 Dispersant D -High vinylidene PIB based dispersant with E-100 as the amine. Typical Analytical %N 1.95; TBN 41.4 mgKOH/g [0074] The Comparative Example 1 and the Invention 1 results illustrated that in the absence of a friction modifier the use of a boron-containing dispersant (Dispersant A) produced a higher boundary friction coefficient as compared to non-boron containing dispersant (Dispersant B). In particular, Comparative Example 1 had 347 ppm of boron in the lubricant composition.
[0075] The Comparative Example 2 illustrated that a non-nitrogen-containing compound reduced boundary friction by 27% as compared to Comparative Example 1, which did not contain a friction modifier. However, the combination of a non-nitrogen-containing compound and a non-boron-containing dispersant (Invention 2) reduced boundary friction by 46% as compared to Comparative Example 1.
Moreover, mixtures of a boron-containing and a non-boron-containing compound with a non-nitrogen-containing compound (Inventions 3 and 4) produced lower boundary friction coefficients as compared to Comparative Example 2.
[00761 Comparative Examples 3 and 4 illustrated that a molybdenum-containing compound and a boron-containing dispersant reduced boundary friction by 26% and 30%, respectively, as compared to the boron-containing dispersant alone (Comparative Example 1). However, the combination of a molybdenum-containing compound and a non-boron-containing dispersant (Inventions 5 and 6) reduced boundary friction by 36% and 61%, respectively.
[0077] Comparative Example 5 illustrated that a combination of a boron- containing dispersant, a non-nitrogen-containing compound, and a molybdenum-containing compound reduced boundary friction by 22%, as compared to Comparative Example 1. However, Invention 7 illustrated that a combination of a non-boron-containing dispersant, a non-nitrogen-containing compound, and a molybdenum-containing compound reduced boundary friction by 37%, as compared to Comparative Example 1.
[0078] At numerous places throughout this specification, reference has been made to a number of U.S. patents, published foreign patent applications and published technical papers. All such cited documents are expressly incorporated in full into this disclosure as if fully set forth herein.
[0079] For the purposes of this specification and appended claims, unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities, percentages or proportions, and other numerical values used in the specification and claims, are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about." Accordingly, unless indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the following specification and attached claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present disclosure. At the very least, and not as an attempt to limit the application of the doctrine of equivalents to the scope of the claims, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques.
[0080] It is noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the," include plural referents unless expressly and unequivocally limited to one referent. Thus, for example, reference to "an antioxidant "includes two or more different antioxidants. As used herein, the term "include" and its grammatical variants are intended to be non-limiting, such that recitation of items in a list is not to the exclusion of other like items that can be substituted or added to the listed items.
L0081] While particular embodiments have been described, alternatives, modifications, variations, improvements, and substantial equivalents that are or can be presently unforeseen can arise to applicants or others skilled in the art. Accordingly, the appended claims as filed and as they can be amended are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications variations, improvements, and substantial equivalents.
In one embodiment of the invention, the friction modifier is at least one of a non-nitrogen-containing compound, a nitrogen containing compound and an ash-containing compound. In one aspect the nitrogen-containing compound is a long chain alkylene amine. In another aspect the long chain alkylene aniine is chosen from N-oleyl-trimethylene diamine, N-tallow-trimethylene diamine, coco-trimethylene diamine, and mixtures thereof. In another aspect, the nitrogen-containing compound is diethanolamine. In another aspect the ash-containing compound is chosen from molybdenum-containing compounds, titanium-containing compounds, and tungsten-containing compounds.
Claims (15)
- SCLAIMS1. A lubricating composition comprising a base oil, a friction modifier chosen from a non-nitrogen-containing friction modifier, a molybdenum-containing friction modifier and mixtures thereof, and a mixture of non-boron containing and boron containing dispersants, wherein the lubricating composition comprises less than 325 ppm of boron.
- 2. The composition of claim 1, comprising a dispersant which comprises a basic nitrogen.
- 3. The composition of claim I or 2, comprising a dispersant which is a polyisobutylene-based dispersant.
- 4. The composition of any one of claims I to 3, wherein the molybdenum-containing friction modifier comprises sulfur.
- 5. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the molybdenum-containing friction modifier is chosen from molybdenum carboxylates, molybdenum amides, molybdenum thiophosphates, molybdenum thiocarbamates, and mixtures thereof.
- 6. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the non-nitrogen-containing friction modifier is polyolester.
- 7. The composition of claim 6, wherein the polyolester is chosen from glycerol monooleate and glycerol monolaurate.
- 8. A method of reducing boundary friction on a surface comprising providing to the surface a lubricating composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7.
- 9. A method of lubricating an engine, which method comprises the step of providing to the engine a lubricating composition as defined in any one of claims I to 7.
- 10. An automotive engine lubricated with a lubricating composition as defined in any one of claims I to 7.
- 11. Use of a composition as defmed in any one of claims I to 7 as a lubricant.
- 12. A lubricating composition according to claim I and substantially as hereinbefore described.
- 13. A method according to claim 8 or 9 and substantially as hereinbefore described.
- 14. An automotive engine according to claim 10 and substantially as hereinbefore described.
- 15. Use according to claim 11 and substantially as hereinbefore described.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/457,579 US20080015127A1 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2006-07-14 | Boundary friction reducing lubricating composition |
GB0713197A GB2444135B (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-06 | Boundary friction reducing lubricant composition |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB0910770D0 GB0910770D0 (en) | 2009-08-05 |
GB2460963A true GB2460963A (en) | 2009-12-23 |
GB2460963B GB2460963B (en) | 2010-06-30 |
Family
ID=38440562
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB0713197A Expired - Fee Related GB2444135B (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-06 | Boundary friction reducing lubricant composition |
GB0910770A Expired - Fee Related GB2460963B (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-06 | Boundary friction reducing lubricating composition |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB0713197A Expired - Fee Related GB2444135B (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-06 | Boundary friction reducing lubricant composition |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080015127A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008019438A (en) |
CN (1) | CN101165148A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007030809A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2903995B1 (en) |
GB (2) | GB2444135B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2248878A1 (en) | 2009-05-01 | 2010-11-10 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Lubricating composition |
EP2441818A1 (en) | 2010-10-12 | 2012-04-18 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Lubricating composition |
ES2717752T3 (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2019-06-25 | Infineum Int Ltd | A composition of lubricating oil for gas engines |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050043191A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-02-24 | Farng L. Oscar | High performance non-zinc, zero phosphorus engine oils for internal combustion engines |
EP1518921A1 (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-03-30 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Power transmission fluids having extended friction durability |
US20050101494A1 (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-05-12 | Iyer Ramnath N. | Lubricant compositions for power transmitting fluids |
CA2487767A1 (en) * | 2003-11-18 | 2005-05-18 | Infineum International Limited | Lubricating oil composition |
EP1724330A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-22 | Infineum International Limited | Use of lubricating oil compositions to reduce wear in passenger car motor engines having a rotating tappet |
Family Cites Families (106)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3127351A (en) * | 1964-03-31 | Xxvii | ||
US2284409A (en) * | 1940-03-08 | 1942-05-26 | Pittsburgh Corning Corp | Fitting for tempered glass panels |
US2284410A (en) * | 1940-08-22 | 1942-05-26 | John F Farmer | Adjustable end slide grille |
US2459112A (en) * | 1945-07-06 | 1949-01-11 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Mineral oil composition |
US2984550A (en) * | 1956-09-06 | 1961-05-16 | Nalco Chemical Co | Color stabilization of petroleum oils and compositions therefor |
US3036003A (en) * | 1957-08-07 | 1962-05-22 | Sinclair Research Inc | Lubricating oil composition |
DE1248643B (en) * | 1959-03-30 | 1967-08-31 | The Lubrizol Corporation, Cleveland, Ohio (V. St. A.) | Process for the preparation of oil-soluble aylated amines |
US3444170A (en) * | 1959-03-30 | 1969-05-13 | Lubrizol Corp | Process which comprises reacting a carboxylic intermediate with an amine |
US3236770A (en) * | 1960-09-28 | 1966-02-22 | Sinclair Research Inc | Transaxle lubricant |
US3166516A (en) * | 1960-10-28 | 1965-01-19 | Nalco Chemical Co | Process for breaking petroleum emulsions |
US3087936A (en) * | 1961-08-18 | 1963-04-30 | Lubrizol Corp | Reaction product of an aliphatic olefinpolymer-succinic acid producing compound with an amine and reacting the resulting product with a boron compound |
US3449250A (en) * | 1962-05-14 | 1969-06-10 | Monsanto Co | Dispersency oil additives |
US3184474A (en) * | 1962-09-05 | 1965-05-18 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Reaction product of alkenyl succinic acid or anhydride with polyamine and polyhydricmaterial |
DE1271877B (en) * | 1963-04-23 | 1968-07-04 | Lubrizol Corp | Lubricating oil |
US3381022A (en) * | 1963-04-23 | 1968-04-30 | Lubrizol Corp | Polymerized olefin substituted succinic acid esters |
US3306908A (en) * | 1963-12-26 | 1967-02-28 | Lubrizol Corp | Reaction products of high molecular weight hydrocarbon succinic compounds, amines and heavy metal compounds |
US3658836A (en) * | 1964-04-16 | 1972-04-25 | Monsanto Co | Hydroxyboroxin-amine salts |
NL130536C (en) * | 1964-05-19 | |||
US3509051A (en) * | 1964-08-07 | 1970-04-28 | T R Vanderbilt Co Inc | Lubricating compositions containing sulfurized oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamates |
US3316177A (en) * | 1964-12-07 | 1967-04-25 | Lubrizol Corp | Functional fluid containing a sludge inhibiting detergent comprising the polyamine salt of the reaction product of maleic anhydride and an oxidized interpolymer of propylene and ethylene |
US3368972A (en) * | 1965-01-06 | 1968-02-13 | Mobil Oil Corp | High molecular weight mannich bases as engine oil additives |
US3574576A (en) * | 1965-08-23 | 1971-04-13 | Chevron Res | Distillate fuel compositions having a hydrocarbon substituted alkylene polyamine |
US3736357A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1973-05-29 | Standard Oil Co | High molecular weight mannich condensation products from two different alkyl-substituted hydroxy-aromatic compounds |
US3798165A (en) * | 1965-10-22 | 1974-03-19 | Standard Oil Co | Lubricating oils containing high molecular weight mannich condensation products |
US3413347A (en) * | 1966-01-26 | 1968-11-26 | Ethyl Corp | Mannich reaction products of high molecular weight alkyl phenols, aldehydes and polyaminopolyalkyleneamines |
US3442808A (en) * | 1966-11-01 | 1969-05-06 | Standard Oil Co | Lubricating oil additives |
US3433744A (en) * | 1966-11-03 | 1969-03-18 | Lubrizol Corp | Reaction product of phosphosulfurized hydrocarbon and alkylene polycarboxylic acid or acid derivatives and lubricating oil containing the same |
US3448048A (en) * | 1967-01-23 | 1969-06-03 | Lubrizol Corp | Lubricant containing a high molecular weight acylated amine |
US3448047A (en) * | 1967-04-05 | 1969-06-03 | Standard Oil Co | Lube oil dispersants |
US3451933A (en) * | 1967-08-11 | 1969-06-24 | Rohm & Haas | Formamido-containing alkenylsuccinates |
US3501405A (en) * | 1967-08-11 | 1970-03-17 | Rohm & Haas | Lubricating and fuel compositions comprising copolymers of n-substituted formamide-containing unsaturated esters |
US3519565A (en) * | 1967-09-19 | 1970-07-07 | Lubrizol Corp | Oil-soluble interpolymers of n-vinylthiopyrrolidones |
US3448049A (en) * | 1967-09-22 | 1969-06-03 | Rohm & Haas | Polyolefinic succinates |
US3718663A (en) * | 1967-11-24 | 1973-02-27 | Standard Oil Co | Preparation of oil-soluble boron derivatives of an alkylene polyamine-urea or thiourea-succinic anhydride addition product |
US3574101A (en) * | 1968-04-29 | 1971-04-06 | Lubrizol Corp | Acylating agents,their salts,and lubricants and fuels containing the same |
US3725441A (en) * | 1968-04-29 | 1973-04-03 | Lubrizol Corp | Acylating agents, their salts, and lubricants and fuels containing the same |
US3558743A (en) * | 1968-06-04 | 1971-01-26 | Joseph A Verdol | Ashless,oil-soluble detergents |
US3493520A (en) * | 1968-06-04 | 1970-02-03 | Sinclair Research Inc | Ashless lubricating oil detergents |
US3586629A (en) * | 1968-09-16 | 1971-06-22 | Mobil Oil Corp | Metal salts as lubricant additives |
US3725480A (en) * | 1968-11-08 | 1973-04-03 | Standard Oil Co | Ashless oil additives |
US3726882A (en) * | 1968-11-08 | 1973-04-10 | Standard Oil Co | Ashless oil additives |
US3634515A (en) * | 1968-11-08 | 1972-01-11 | Standard Oil Co | Alkylene polyamide formaldehyde |
US3567637A (en) * | 1969-04-02 | 1971-03-02 | Standard Oil Co | Method of preparing over-based alkaline earth long-chain alkenyl succinates |
US3576743A (en) * | 1969-04-11 | 1971-04-27 | Lubrizol Corp | Lubricant and fuel additives and process for making the additives |
US3632511A (en) * | 1969-11-10 | 1972-01-04 | Lubrizol Corp | Acylated nitrogen-containing compositions processes for their preparationand lubricants and fuels containing the same |
US3649229A (en) * | 1969-12-17 | 1972-03-14 | Mobil Oil Corp | Liquid hydrocarbon fuels containing high molecular weight mannich bases |
US3632904A (en) * | 1970-03-24 | 1972-01-04 | Paul Mauz | Moving coil loudspeaker with eddy current suppression |
US3803039A (en) * | 1970-07-13 | 1974-04-09 | Standard Oil Co | Oil solution of aliphatic acid derivatives of high molecular weight mannich condensation product |
US3798247A (en) * | 1970-07-13 | 1974-03-19 | Standard Oil Co | Oil soluble aliphatic acid derivatives of molecular weight mannich condensation products |
US3957855A (en) * | 1971-06-11 | 1976-05-18 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Ester-containing compositions |
US3957854A (en) * | 1971-06-11 | 1976-05-18 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Ester-containing compositions |
US3804763A (en) * | 1971-07-01 | 1974-04-16 | Lubrizol Corp | Dispersant compositions |
BE786032A (en) * | 1971-07-08 | 1973-01-08 | Rhone Progil | NEW ADDITIVES FOR LUBRICATING OILS |
US3936480A (en) * | 1971-07-08 | 1976-02-03 | Rhone-Progil | Additives for improving the dispersing properties of lubricating oil |
US4071548A (en) * | 1971-11-30 | 1978-01-31 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Lubricating oil additive, process for the synthesis thereof and lubricating oil additive composition |
US3793202A (en) * | 1972-03-01 | 1974-02-19 | Standard Oil Co | Oil solution of aliphatic acid and aliphatic aldehyde modified high molecular weight mannich reaction products |
US3872019A (en) * | 1972-08-08 | 1975-03-18 | Standard Oil Co | Oil-soluble lubricant bi-functional additives from mannich condensation products of oxidized olefin copolymers, amines and aldehydes |
US3950341A (en) * | 1973-04-12 | 1976-04-13 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Reaction product of a polyalkenyl succinic acid or its anhydride, a hindered alcohol and an amine |
US3904595A (en) * | 1973-09-14 | 1975-09-09 | Ethyl Corp | Lubricating oil dispersant |
US3957746A (en) * | 1974-10-04 | 1976-05-18 | Ethyl Corporation | Phospho-sulfurized phenolic aldehyde amine alkylene oxide condensation product |
US4006089A (en) * | 1974-11-19 | 1977-02-01 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Polyoxyethylene polyamine Mannich base products and use of same in fuels and lubricants |
DE2551256A1 (en) * | 1974-11-29 | 1976-08-12 | Lubrizol Corp | MANNICH CONDENSATION PRODUCTS CONTAINING SULFUR AND LIQUID FUELS AND FUELS AND LUBRICANTS CONTAINING THESE COMPOUNDS |
US4011380A (en) * | 1975-12-05 | 1977-03-08 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Oxidation of polymers in presence of benzene sulfonic acid or salt thereof |
US4272387A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-06-09 | Chevron Research Company | Process of preparing molybdenum complexes, the complexes so-produced and lubricants containing same |
US4261843A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-04-14 | Chevron Research Company | Reaction product of acidic molybdenum compound with basic nitrogen compound and lubricants containing same |
US4263152A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-04-21 | Chevron Research Company | Process of preparing molybdenum complexes, the complexes so-produced and lubricants containing same |
US4265773A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-05-05 | Chevron Research Company | Process of preparing molybdenum complexes, the complexes so-produced and lubricants containing same |
US4259195A (en) * | 1979-06-28 | 1981-03-31 | Chevron Research Company | Reaction product of acidic molybdenum compound with basic nitrogen compound and lubricants containing same |
US4266945A (en) * | 1979-11-23 | 1981-05-12 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Molybdenum-containing compositions and lubricants and fuels containing them |
US4369119A (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1983-01-18 | Chevron Research Company | Antioxidant combinations of molybdenum complexes and organic sulfur compounds for lubricating oils |
US4455243A (en) * | 1983-02-24 | 1984-06-19 | Chevron Research Company | Succinimide complexes of borated fatty acid esters of glycerol and lubricating oil compositions containing same |
US4652387A (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1987-03-24 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Borated reaction products of succinic compounds as lubricant dispersants and antioxidants |
CA1336902C (en) * | 1988-02-26 | 1995-09-05 | Jacob Emert | Friction modified oleaginous concentrates of improved stability |
US5021173A (en) * | 1988-02-26 | 1991-06-04 | Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc. | Friction modified oleaginous concentrates of improved stability |
US4990271A (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1991-02-05 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Antiwear, antioxidant and friction reducing additive for lubricating oils |
US4995996A (en) * | 1989-12-14 | 1991-02-26 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Molybdenum sulfur antiwear and antioxidant lube additives |
JPH07150170A (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-06-13 | Tonen Corp | Lubricating oil composition |
US5412130A (en) * | 1994-06-08 | 1995-05-02 | R. T. Vanderbilt Company, Inc. | Method for preparation of organic molybdenum compounds |
US5891786A (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 1999-04-06 | Ethyl Corporation | Substantially metal free synthetic power transmission fluids having enhanced performance capabilities |
JPH08209178A (en) * | 1995-02-02 | 1996-08-13 | Tonen Corp | Lubricant composition |
US5634951A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-06-03 | Ethyl Corporation | Additives for minimizing intake valve deposits, and their use |
US5725612A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1998-03-10 | Ethyl Corporation | Additives for minimizing intake valve deposits, and their use |
US6232276B1 (en) * | 1996-12-13 | 2001-05-15 | Infineum Usa L.P. | Trinuclear molybdenum multifunctional additive for lubricating oils |
US5763372A (en) * | 1996-12-13 | 1998-06-09 | Ethyl Corporation | Clean gear boron-free gear additive and method for producing same |
US5882505A (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 1999-03-16 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Conversion of fisher-tropsch waxes to lubricants by countercurrent processing |
US6013171A (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 2000-01-11 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Catalytic dewaxing with trivalent rare earth metal ion exchanged ferrierite |
US6180575B1 (en) * | 1998-08-04 | 2001-01-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | High performance lubricating oils |
US6080301A (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2000-06-27 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Premium synthetic lubricant base stock having at least 95% non-cyclic isoparaffins |
JP2000273480A (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-03 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | Lubricating composition |
JP4015355B2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2007-11-28 | 新日本石油株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition |
JP4856305B2 (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2012-01-18 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Engine oil composition |
US6528461B1 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2003-03-04 | Bank Of America, N.A. | Lubricant containing molybdenum and polymeric dispersant |
US6730638B2 (en) * | 2002-01-31 | 2004-05-04 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Low ash, low phosphorus and low sulfur engine oils for internal combustion engines |
US7018958B2 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2006-03-28 | Infineum International Limited | Lubricating oil compositions |
JP4571776B2 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2010-10-27 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition |
JP3594194B1 (en) * | 2003-08-21 | 2004-11-24 | 新日本石油株式会社 | Low friction sliding mechanism and lubricating oil composition used therefor |
US20050070446A1 (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2005-03-31 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. | Boron free automotive gear oil |
US7452851B2 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2008-11-18 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant compositions |
US7759294B2 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2010-07-20 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant compositions |
US20050124509A1 (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2005-06-09 | Antonio Gutierrez | Lubricating oil compositions |
US7419940B2 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2008-09-02 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Borated-epoxidized polybutenes as low-ash anti-wear additives for lubricants |
US8202829B2 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2012-06-19 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricating composition |
US20060264340A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-23 | Iyer Ramnath N | Fluid compositions for dual clutch transmissions |
US20070105728A1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2007-05-10 | Phillips Ronald L | Lubricant composition |
US7833952B2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-11-16 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant compositions |
US7833953B2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-11-16 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricant composition |
-
2006
- 2006-07-14 US US11/457,579 patent/US20080015127A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2007
- 2007-07-03 DE DE102007030809A patent/DE102007030809A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-07-06 GB GB0713197A patent/GB2444135B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-06 JP JP2007178532A patent/JP2008019438A/en active Pending
- 2007-07-06 GB GB0910770A patent/GB2460963B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-11 FR FR0756405A patent/FR2903995B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-13 CN CNA2007101385069A patent/CN101165148A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050043191A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-02-24 | Farng L. Oscar | High performance non-zinc, zero phosphorus engine oils for internal combustion engines |
EP1518921A1 (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-03-30 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Power transmission fluids having extended friction durability |
US20050101494A1 (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-05-12 | Iyer Ramnath N. | Lubricant compositions for power transmitting fluids |
CA2487767A1 (en) * | 2003-11-18 | 2005-05-18 | Infineum International Limited | Lubricating oil composition |
EP1724330A1 (en) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-22 | Infineum International Limited | Use of lubricating oil compositions to reduce wear in passenger car motor engines having a rotating tappet |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2008019438A (en) | 2008-01-31 |
CN101165148A (en) | 2008-04-23 |
GB2460963B (en) | 2010-06-30 |
US20080015127A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
GB2444135B (en) | 2009-12-09 |
GB0910770D0 (en) | 2009-08-05 |
DE102007030809A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
GB0713197D0 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
FR2903995A1 (en) | 2008-01-25 |
GB2444135A (en) | 2008-05-28 |
FR2903995B1 (en) | 2011-03-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1705235A1 (en) | Lubricating compositions | |
CA2872851C (en) | Lubricant additive for improving piston deposit control and emulsion stability | |
CA2494872C (en) | Power transmission fluids comprising tertiary amines | |
SG188051A1 (en) | Lubricant compositions containing a functionalized dispersant | |
US20090018040A1 (en) | Dispersants from Condensed Polyamines | |
JP7320991B2 (en) | Lubricant compositions and their dispersants that have a beneficial effect on oxidation stability | |
JP2008094841A (en) | Branched succinimide dispersant compound and method for producing the compound | |
US20060276351A1 (en) | Molybdenum-containing lubricant for improved power or fuel economy | |
US20120108478A1 (en) | Lubricant composition suitable for engines fueled by alternate fuels | |
WO2010048137A1 (en) | Reducing high-aqueous content sludge in diesel engines | |
US20080015127A1 (en) | Boundary friction reducing lubricating composition | |
EP1710295A1 (en) | Tractor fluids | |
US20050101496A1 (en) | Hydrocarbyl dispersants and compositions containing the dispersants | |
CN116323877A (en) | Ashless additive composition | |
AU2003293266B2 (en) | Molybdenum-containing lubricant for improved power or fuel economy |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20120706 |