GB2451883A - Fully biodegradable adhesives - Google Patents
Fully biodegradable adhesives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2451883A GB2451883A GB0715981A GB0715981A GB2451883A GB 2451883 A GB2451883 A GB 2451883A GB 0715981 A GB0715981 A GB 0715981A GB 0715981 A GB0715981 A GB 0715981A GB 2451883 A GB2451883 A GB 2451883A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- adhesive
- sugar
- adhesives
- resin
- range
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 12
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 maleic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003628 tricarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004908 Emulsion polymer Substances 0.000 claims 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000584 environmental toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001320 aldopentoses Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- OXLXSOPFNVKUMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC(S(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)OCCCCCCCC OXLXSOPFNVKUMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical class [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001397 Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010504 bond cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMFIJXSMYBKJQV-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Co+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O AMFIJXSMYBKJQV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDDLHHRCDSJVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7028-40-2 Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O BDDLHHRCDSJVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002527 Glycogen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001202 Inulin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical class [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical class [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940096919 glycogen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JYJIGFIDKWBXDU-MNNPPOADSA-N inulin Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)OC[C@]1(OC[C@]2(OC[C@]3(OC[C@]4(OC[C@]5(OC[C@]6(OC[C@]7(OC[C@]8(OC[C@]9(OC[C@]%10(OC[C@]%11(OC[C@]%12(OC[C@]%13(OC[C@]%14(OC[C@]%15(OC[C@]%16(OC[C@]%17(OC[C@]%18(OC[C@]%19(OC[C@]%20(OC[C@]%21(OC[C@]%22(OC[C@]%23(OC[C@]%24(OC[C@]%25(OC[C@]%26(OC[C@]%27(OC[C@]%28(OC[C@]%29(OC[C@]%30(OC[C@]%31(OC[C@]%32(OC[C@]%33(OC[C@]%34(OC[C@]%35(OC[C@]%36(O[C@@H]%37[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%37)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%36)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%35)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%34)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%33)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%32)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%31)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%30)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%29)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%28)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%27)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%26)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%25)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%24)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%23)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%22)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%21)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%20)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%19)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%18)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%17)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%16)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%15)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%14)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%13)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%12)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%11)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O%10)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O9)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O8)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O7)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O6)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O5)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O4)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 JYJIGFIDKWBXDU-MNNPPOADSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029339 inulin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004016 sucrose syrup Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013501 sustainable material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J4/00—Adhesives based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; adhesives, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09J183/00 - C09J183/16
- C09J4/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09J159/00 - C09J187/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/26—Natural polymers, natural resins or derivatives thereof according to C08L1/00 - C08L5/00, C08L89/00, C08L93/00, C08L97/00 or C08L99/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L5/00—Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08L1/00 or C08L3/00
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a range of biodegradable and compostable adhesives useful in the packaging of supermarket goods. These adhesives comprise of polyester or acrylic polymers, which have been modified by co-polymerisation with a range of aldo-pentoses and polyhydric alcohols to increase their biodegradability. Examples of such polymers are acrylic sugar-based macromers. The biodegrability is enhanced by the incorporation of a range of additives. These adhesives have been designed to meet all three criteria for biodegradable materials testing according to European standard EN 13432 certification regarding biodegradability, disintegration and eco-toxicities. By controlling the degree of polymerisation, the adhesives can either be in the form of a water based emulsion or solids dispersed in a suitable carrier medium such as a wax or resin.
Description
Description
There are grave concerns in the UK about large amounts of land being used as waste fill sites and it is predicted that in the next few years such land fill sites will be exhausted and that government legislation will be introduced to combat the problem by the introduction of financial penalties for the disposal of non-biodegradable materials.
By the use of these adhesives (which typically represent between 0.001 and 0.05 percent by weight of a typical item which requires such adhesives during manufacture), huge savings can be made both in financial and environmental terms. In essence, these adhesives are natural products and will be returned to the ecosystem with the minimum effect on waste filled sites and in general, the eco-system.
Adhesives are all around us. They are used to fabricate a large number of everyday products which may be soft or hard, washable, degradable, transparent or colorful. Up to 100,000 chemicals are in use in the EU, but for 99% (by volume) there exists only sketchy data about their effects on the environment.
A new regulatory system called REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) will change this, providing us with the information we need to use chemicals safely. Currently, the European Parliament and the Council are in the process of adopting this ground-breaking piece of legislation. They are pushing hard for this new chemicals policy in order to offer a higher level of protection to consumers, workers and the environment in the decades to come.
Accelerating worldwide economic growth is increasing pressure on the global environment. Developing clean technologies -or eco-innovation' -is essential if we are to reduce these pressures and conserve increasingly scarce natural resources.
There has been innovation in industries such as the packaging sector for the development and use of eco-friendly and sustainable materials for the manufacture of a wide range of items, components and finished articles. Many of these have been fabricated using adhesives However, historically there have been many adhesives which have been manufactured using non-biodegradable, non-compostable, non-disintegrable and toxic chemicals.
There are many modem adhesives which use natural products as their major component.
Examples include:
I. Polysaccharides Examples of such natural polysaccharides include: * Inulin * Starch * Dextrin * Glycogen * Pectin * Cellulose * 7.Hemi-cellulose 2. Carbohydrates such as * Glucose * Surcrose * Maltose * Fructose * Dextrose 3. Natural polyesters such as * Polylactide * Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate * Polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate * Polylactide aliphatic copolymer * Polycaprolactone 4. Natural proteins such as * Starch * Dextrin * Casein * Gelatine 5. Protein derived from Soya beans Adhesives made from the above materials may possess some of the favourable eco-friendly properties for biodegradability, disintegration and eco-toxicity but these adhesives do not have a range of the desirable properties required by the product manufacturer. Such properties include: * Adhesion to wide range of substrates * Adhesion in hostile environments such as freeze thaw conditions * High shear adhesion failure temperatures.
The above physical properties of any adhesive are often intrinsic to the structure of the organic molecule and in particular the side chains and functional groups attached to the main carbon chain. These structures are also of paramount importance in the mechanism of biodegradation in which active bacteria can cause bond cleavage and depolyrnersation of the carbon chain.
In Europe, about 60% of the adhesive industry is dominated by the applications of pressure sensitive adhesives and about 80% of these applications concern the product labeling industry.
in 2000, adhesives accounted for about 20 billion dollars worth of sales throughout European and American markets.
Environmental concerns are driving the advancement in adhesive technology and standards such as the ISO 14500 series are seeking companies to develop more environmentally responsible attitudes are to produce "eco-fliendly products".
Some of the desirable features of such adhesives are as follows: * Ultimate disposability * Very low VOC content * The use of renewal resource materials used in their manufacture * Biodegrability * Compostability * Repulpability * Recycleability 9.
This invention relates to a range of biodegradable and compostable adhesives, which will find major use in a wide range of industries but is primarily aimed at the packaging and labeling industries.
These adhesives are comprised of polyester polymers, which have been modified by co-polymerisation with a range of carbohydrates and polyhydric alcohols to increase their biodegradability.
The reactive sugar The preparation of the biodegradable adhesive is a two stage process.
The first stage involves the preparation of a partially polymerised sugar based macromer.
This is accomplished by the free radical suspension polymerisation of the sugar in aqueous conditions. By controlling the degree of polymerisation, a wide range of sugar based macromers can be produced ranging from low viscosity liquids to high viscosity solid resins.
The second stage in the preparation of these novel adhesives involves the emulsion polymerisation of the sugar macromer with a vinyl monomer using free radical initiation.
A wide range of co-polymers can be produced depending upon the stoiciometric composition of the mix, the order in which the monomers are added and the type of cross-linking agent employed in the polymerization process.
The resultant co-polymer mixes vary in both physical and chemical properties such as their degree of tackiness and their glass transition temperatures.
A method of preparing a resin-fortified polymer emulsion has previously been described in a number of intellectual property disclosures. In one embodiment, the method comprises polymerising at least one monomer in the presence of a surfactant, an initiator, a resin and sugar-based vinyl monomer under effective emulsion polymerisation reaction conditions. However such preparations are not fully biodegradable.
This invention concerns the introduction of a range of other ingredients which render the adhesive fully biodegradable.
The range of additives included in this invention rendering the biodegradability include: * Dicarboxylic acids * Tricarboxylic acids * Sugar acids * Additional disaccarides * Salts of transition metal elements including both saturated and unsaturated carboxylic acids Specifically, transition metal salts of cobalt, zinc and iron and specifically octadecanoic (stearic) acid, hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid and tetradecanoic (myristic) acid. These have proven to be effective catalysts in the biodegradation process when incorporated in small concentrations.
* Buffer solution These solutions based upon combinations of the above acids together with their sodium or potassium salts produce an adhesive which is resistant to slight changes in the pH of the mix which may lead to premature degradation.
* Hydrocarbon resins based upon synthetic hydrocarbons such as 2-ethyihexyl acrylate, a vinyl acryalte, carboxlated styrene and natural hydrocarbon resins such as rubber.
* Polyols These polyhydric alcohols derived from sugars enhance the degree of hydrogen bonding between adjacent hydroxyl groups and greatly increase the ease of biodegradability of such adhesives.
Examples include glycerol, lactilol, mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol.
* Natural polyesters, such as -Polylactide -Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate -Polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate -Polylactide aliphatic copolymer -Polycaprolactone * Natural proteins These structures are also of paramount importance in the mechanism of biodegradation in which active bacteria can cause bond cleavage and depolymersation of the carbon chain. The presence of the amide groups affords sites for nitrogen fixation and thus biodegradation * Synthetic proteins These are more readily available than their natural counterparts and offer some advantages over natural proteins.
The incorporation of a synthetic protein has been found to enhance the wetting properties, increase the ability of the adhesive to readily form films and to increase film elasticity. More importantly however is the distinct advantage over conventional adhesives in that the inclusion of a synthetic protein facilities a catalytic effect in the biodegradation process. Once again this is due to the inclusion of a nitrogen containing group within the heterocyclic ring. Examples of such proteins used in this invention include: -N-vinyl pyrrolidone -Giutamine derived from wheat -Casein derived from milk * Wetting agent A wetting agent when added to the mix lowers its surface tension and thus increases the adhesives spreadability. The adhesives in this invention use a fully biodegradable wetting agent such as dioctyl sulphosuccinate.
* Preservative Adhesives composed largely of natural materials are prone to bacterial attack with the resultant loss of desirable adhesive properties. Examples of such effective biocides are alkyl isoazolinones such as methyl,butyl and methylcioro isoazolinones or a combination thereof.
This invention therefore concerns a combination of ingredients which when mixed with a reactive sugar-based macromer which has been co-polymerised with a conventional vinyl monomer in a certain order and when mixed in certain proportions, produce a fully biodegradable adhesive. It is the unique combination of these ingredients which combine together to have a dramatic synergistic effect which results in complete biodegradation.
In addition to the components listed above, the preparations may also contain additional ingredients which enhance the biodegradeability.
Examples
Example I
Propriety acrylic sugar-based macromer 1000 parts Propriety hydrocarbon resin 200 parts Cobalt stearate 20 parts Methyicloro isoazolinone 1 part Dioctyl sulphosuccinate I part
* Example 2
Propriety acrylic sugar-based macromer 100 parts Propriety hydrocarbon resin 22 parts PoIy-N-vinyl pyrrolidone 17 parts Cobalt stearate 2 parts Methylcioro isoazolinone I part Dioctyl sulphosuccinate I part * Examp'e 3 Propriety acrylic sugar-based macromer 1000 parts Propriety hydrocarbon resin 220 parts Sucrose syrup I 70 parts PoIy-N-vinyl pyrrolidone 170 parts Propriety surfactant 10 parts Propriety defoaming agent 5 parts
* Example 4
Propriety acrylic sugar-based macromer 100 parts Propriety hydrocarbon resin 100 parts Poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidone 8 parts Glucose liquid 6 parts Tartaric acid I part Ethylene diammine tetra acetic acid nickel (11) salt I part
ID
Claims (4)
- Claim set 1. A fully biodegradable adhesive comprising of a resin-fortified emulsion polymer.
- 2. An adhesive as in Claim I in which the resin-fortified emulsion polymer comprises a vinyl-based monomer, a resin and at least one emulsion-polymerisable monomer, wherein the sugar-based vinyl monomer is selected from a group consisting of alkyl polyglycoside maleic acid ester monomers.
- 3. An adhesive as in Claim 1 which is rendered fully biodegradable by the inclusion of a range of additives.
- 4. An adhesive as in Claim 3 which consists of some or all of i) Dicarboxylic acids ii) Tricarboxylic acids iii) Sugar acids iv) Disaccarides v) Salts of transition metal elements vi) Buffer solutions vii) Hydrocarbon resins viii) Polyols ix) Natural polyesters x) Natural proteins xi) Synthetic proteins xii) Wetting agents or surfactants xiii) Preservatives4. An adhesive as in Claim 3 which consists of some or all of I) Dicarboxylic acids ii) Tricarboxylic acids iii) Sugar acids iv) Disaccarides v) Salts of transition metal elements vi) Buffer solutions vii) Hydrocarbon resins viii) Polyols ix) Natural polyesters x) Natural proteins xi) Synthetic proteins xii) Wetting agents or surfactants xiii) PreservativesSIAMENDMENTS TO THE CLAIMS HAVE BEEN FILED AS FOLLOWS:-IZClaim set I. An adhesive comprising of a sugar based monomer co-polymerised with a vinyl monomer that has been modified to contain a reactive acrylic end group.Furthermore, a synergistic effect occurs on the inclusion of a range of additives resulting in an adhesive, which for the first time passes all criteria tests (EN 13432) for biodegradability, compostabilty and eco-toxity.2. An adhesive as in Claim I in which the resin-fortified emulsion polymer comprises a vinyl-based monomer, a resin and at least one emulsion-polymerisable monomer, wherein the sugar-based vinyl monomer is selected from a group consisting of alkyl polyglycoside maleic acid ester monomers.3. An adhesive as in Claim I which is rendered fully biodegradable by the inclusion of a range of additives.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0715981A GB2451883A (en) | 2007-08-16 | 2007-08-16 | Fully biodegradable adhesives |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0715981A GB2451883A (en) | 2007-08-16 | 2007-08-16 | Fully biodegradable adhesives |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB0715981D0 GB0715981D0 (en) | 2007-09-26 |
GB2451883A true GB2451883A (en) | 2009-02-18 |
GB2451883A8 GB2451883A8 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
Family
ID=38566486
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB0715981A Withdrawn GB2451883A (en) | 2007-08-16 | 2007-08-16 | Fully biodegradable adhesives |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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GB (1) | GB2451883A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015001555A1 (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2016-08-11 | Lohmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Repositionable, biodegradable and self-wound adhesive tape with a high content of renewable resources |
DE102015001554A1 (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2016-08-11 | Lohmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hand-torn and tear-off, biodegradable and self-wound adhesive tape with a high content of renewable resources |
WO2021259554A1 (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-12-30 | Unilever Ip Holdings B.V. | Biodegradable adhesive composition |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2463735A (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-03-31 | Paul Howard James Roscoe | Fully biodegradable adhesives |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5580940A (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1996-12-03 | Lions Adhesives, Inc. | Biodegradable diacrylates and adhesives based thereon |
US5872199A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-02-16 | Lions Adhesives, Inc. | Sugar based vinyl monomers and copolymers useful in repulpable adhesives and other applications |
JP2000328028A (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2000-11-28 | Canon Inc | Biodegradable adhesive |
EP1086965A2 (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2001-03-28 | Wella Aktiengesellschaft | Carbohydrat latex, process for its prepation and its use |
JP2001107010A (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-17 | Canon Inc | Adhesive for substrate having silanol residue in its surface |
-
2007
- 2007-08-16 GB GB0715981A patent/GB2451883A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5580940A (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1996-12-03 | Lions Adhesives, Inc. | Biodegradable diacrylates and adhesives based thereon |
US5872199A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-02-16 | Lions Adhesives, Inc. | Sugar based vinyl monomers and copolymers useful in repulpable adhesives and other applications |
JP2000328028A (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2000-11-28 | Canon Inc | Biodegradable adhesive |
EP1086965A2 (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2001-03-28 | Wella Aktiengesellschaft | Carbohydrat latex, process for its prepation and its use |
JP2001107010A (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-17 | Canon Inc | Adhesive for substrate having silanol residue in its surface |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015001555A1 (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2016-08-11 | Lohmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Repositionable, biodegradable and self-wound adhesive tape with a high content of renewable resources |
DE102015001554A1 (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2016-08-11 | Lohmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hand-torn and tear-off, biodegradable and self-wound adhesive tape with a high content of renewable resources |
WO2021259554A1 (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2021-12-30 | Unilever Ip Holdings B.V. | Biodegradable adhesive composition |
CN115701982A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2023-02-14 | 联合利华知识产权控股有限公司 | Biodegradable adhesive composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0715981D0 (en) | 2007-09-26 |
GB2451883A8 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
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