GB2451290A - Magnetohydrodynamic generator with photo-ionisation - Google Patents
Magnetohydrodynamic generator with photo-ionisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2451290A GB2451290A GB0714620A GB0714620A GB2451290A GB 2451290 A GB2451290 A GB 2451290A GB 0714620 A GB0714620 A GB 0714620A GB 0714620 A GB0714620 A GB 0714620A GB 2451290 A GB2451290 A GB 2451290A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- ionisation
- magnetohydrodynamic
- electricity generator
- energy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A source of radiation is placed around the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) generator, which ionizes either the flowing gas or the seed material with a lower ionisation energy (which may be a vapour of an alkali metal) carried by it. The spectral distribution of the radiation depends on the ionisation energy of the material to be ionized. Generally the radiation will be in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum. The gas must remain ionized until during all of its passage through the magnetohydrodynamic system i.e. during its passage between the field coils and between the electrodes. Therefore the ionizing radiation must illuminate all of this region. The ionizing radiation may be produced by discharge tubes, or by corona discharges from the electrodes, or a combination of both.
Description
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC GENERATOR
WITH PHOTO-IONJSATION
This invention relates to a magnetohydrodvnamic generator, in which the circulating gas is illuminated by short wavelength light, in order to produce and maintain ionisation at lower temperatures than would be possible using thermal ionisation only.
Magnetohydrodynamic generators are currently being developed as a means of converting the energy of a hot gas into electrical energy. The lack of moving parts means that the system can be used at much higher temperatures than gas turbines. The temperature at the hottest part of the thermodynamic cycle can be comparable to the temperature of the combustion products. This potentially allows high conversion efficiencies to be attained. However, operation of a magnctohydrodynamic generator requires that the gas be ionised. This has previously been achieved by thermal ionisation. As a result, the minimum temperature of the gas is high, thus reducing conversion efficiency [his temperature is much higher than the input temperature for a steam turbine, and therefore even a combined cycle system has low efficiency. In order to reduce the minimum temperature, some systems include small quantities of a material, which is easily ionised, in the circulating gas. [his process is known as seeding. Alkali metal vapours are the most commonly used materials. Even with such measures, the minimum temperature remains high, and consequently conversion efficiency is low.
According to the present invention, a source of radiation is placed around the magnetohydrodynamic generator, which ionises either the flowing gas or the seed material carried by it. The spectral distribution of the radiation depends on the ionisation energy of the material to be ionised Generally the radiation will be in the ultra-violet part of the spectrum. The gas must remain ionised during all of its passage through the magnetohydrodynamic system -i.e. during its passage between the field coils and between the electrodes. Therefore the ionising radiation must illuminate all of this region. The ionising radiation may be produced by discharge tubes. or by corona discharges from the electrodes, or a combination of both
Claims (5)
- I A magnetohydrodynamic electricity generator, in which lonising radiation is used to produce and maintain ionisation, and hence conductivity, of the gaseous mixture flowing in the system, augmenting jonisation produced by thermal excitation.
- 2. A magnetohydrodynamic electricity generator, as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the gaseous mixture contains a material with a lower ionisation energy than the main gas components, and with sufficiently low ionisation energy to be ionised by available sources of ionising radiation.
- 3. A magnetohydrodynainic electricity generator, as claimed in Claim I and Claim 2, wherein the material with a low ionisation energy is the vapour ol an alkali metal.
- 4 A magnetohydrodynamic electricity generator, as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the source of ionising radiation is a set of discharge tubes emitting radiation with photons of sufficient energy to cause ionisation.
- 5. A magnetohydrodynamic electricity generator, as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the source of ionising radiation is a corona discharge from electrodes within the system, emitting radiation with photons of sufficient energy to cause ionisation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0714620A GB2451290A (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2007-07-26 | Magnetohydrodynamic generator with photo-ionisation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0714620A GB2451290A (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2007-07-26 | Magnetohydrodynamic generator with photo-ionisation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0714620D0 GB0714620D0 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
| GB2451290A true GB2451290A (en) | 2009-01-28 |
Family
ID=38512948
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0714620A Withdrawn GB2451290A (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2007-07-26 | Magnetohydrodynamic generator with photo-ionisation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2451290A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2453027C1 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2012-06-10 | Евгений Куртович Долгих | Magnetohydrodynamic generator |
| RU2453026C1 (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-06-10 | Евгений Куртович Долгих | Magnetodynamic generator with solar drive |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1024628A (en) * | 1962-12-31 | 1966-03-30 | Scient Developments Inc | Method and apparatus for generating electricity |
| GB1097858A (en) * | 1965-04-08 | 1968-01-03 | Varian Associates | Mass flow fluid generator |
| US3736447A (en) * | 1971-09-27 | 1973-05-29 | Gen Electric | Uniform ionization means for mhd generators |
| GB1373402A (en) * | 1970-09-17 | 1974-11-13 | Avco Corp | Method and apparatus for producing a controlled |
| WO1979001086A1 (en) * | 1978-05-18 | 1979-12-13 | F Duncan | Magnetohydrodynamic method and apparatus for converting solar radiation to electrical energy |
| EP0075294A1 (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-03-30 | James C. Hayes | Self induced laser magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) electric generator |
-
2007
- 2007-07-26 GB GB0714620A patent/GB2451290A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1024628A (en) * | 1962-12-31 | 1966-03-30 | Scient Developments Inc | Method and apparatus for generating electricity |
| GB1097858A (en) * | 1965-04-08 | 1968-01-03 | Varian Associates | Mass flow fluid generator |
| GB1373402A (en) * | 1970-09-17 | 1974-11-13 | Avco Corp | Method and apparatus for producing a controlled |
| US3736447A (en) * | 1971-09-27 | 1973-05-29 | Gen Electric | Uniform ionization means for mhd generators |
| WO1979001086A1 (en) * | 1978-05-18 | 1979-12-13 | F Duncan | Magnetohydrodynamic method and apparatus for converting solar radiation to electrical energy |
| EP0075294A1 (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-03-30 | James C. Hayes | Self induced laser magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) electric generator |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| IEEE Transactions on Aerospace - April 1964 - USA - vol AS-2 pages 807-815. * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2453026C1 (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-06-10 | Евгений Куртович Долгих | Magnetodynamic generator with solar drive |
| RU2453027C1 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2012-06-10 | Евгений Куртович Долгих | Magnetohydrodynamic generator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0714620D0 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |