GB2451174A - A watertight halogen lamp - Google Patents
A watertight halogen lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2451174A GB2451174A GB0812931A GB0812931A GB2451174A GB 2451174 A GB2451174 A GB 2451174A GB 0812931 A GB0812931 A GB 0812931A GB 0812931 A GB0812931 A GB 0812931A GB 2451174 A GB2451174 A GB 2451174A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- envelope
- lamp
- halogen lamp
- conducting
- filament
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V31/00—Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
- F21V31/005—Sealing arrangements therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K1/00—Details
- H01K1/38—Seals for leading-in conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
A halogen lamp comprising a lamp envelope enclosing a sealed cavity, the envelope being filled with an inert gas and a halogen additive; and a filament, having two ends, located within the envelope; the envelope further comprising a pinch seal located a distance from a first end of the envelope, said first end of the envelope being sealed with a sealant material at a distance from said pinch seal to form a watertight seal, the lamp further comprising first and second conducting foils electrically coupled to the respective ends of the filament and current supply means electrically coupled to each conducting foil in use, at least one of said first and second conducting foils being embedded within said pinch seal.
Description
I
A Halogen Lamp
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to halogen incandescent lamps, and in particular It relates to halogen lamps that are suitable for use in radiant heating devices such as space heaters which may be used outside,
Background to the Invention
Halogen lamps generally have a sealed, tubular envelope or bulb in which is located tungsten filament. The envelope is filled with an Inert gas having a halogen additive.
The envelope is made of high temperature glass such as quartz or [used silica. The envelope is sealed by pinching an open end about an electrically conducting foil connector, to form a hermetically sealed gas filled cavity within the envelope. Halogen lamps may be double-ended, wherein the envelope has two pinched ends, the filament extending between the two pinch seals. A typical double-ended halogen lamp is described in GB 1,185,873. Alternatively Halogen lamps may also be single-ended, wherein the envelope has a single pinched end, each of the two ends of the filament being connected to a conducting foil connector embedded In the pinch seal. In a conventional lamp, a cap of ceramic material is fitted to the or each pinch, the cap incorporating electrical connectors for connecting the lamp to a voltage supply.
Such halogen lamps may be used for lighting or heating applications. Often halogen lamps are used for lighting or heating outdoors. Despite being pinch sealed, halogen lamp envelopes may not be watertight, and therefore when used outside, the lamp is required to be housed within a watertight outer housing. Halogen lamps usually have a lead-out wire linked to the conducting foil In the pinch seal, the lead-out wire being connected to a power supply. Even where the pinch seated envelope is watertight, water can be drawn up the lead-out wire into the pinch seal by capillary action.
Moisture in the pinch seal can cause degradation of the conducting foil and/or arcing, therefore, when used outside, lamps are required to be housed in a watertight outer housing to prevent moisture from entering the pinch seal. Such housings have a glass cover panel through which electromagnetic radiation emitted by the lamp passes. A problem with outdoor halogen lamp heaters is that a large proportion (up to around 20 or 30%) of the infrared radiation emitted from the filament is absorbed by the glass cover, reducing efficiency of the lamps. It Is a general objective of the present invention to provide a halogen lamp for use outdoors which overcomes these problems.
Summary of the Invention
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a halogen lamp comprising: a lamp envelope enclosing a sealed cavity, the envelope being filled with an inert gas and a halogen additive; and a filament, having two ends, located within the envelope; the envelope further comprising a pinch seal located a distance from a first end of the envelope, said first end of the envelope being sealed with a sealant material at a distance from said pinch seal, the lamp further comprising first and second conducting foils electrically coupled to the respective ends of the filament and current supply means electrically coupled to each conducting foil in use, at least one of said first and second conducting foils being embedded within said pinch seal.
By pinching the lamp envelope at a distance from its end, the end of the envelope can be sealed with a sealant material without damage occurring to the sealant due to the hot filament when the lamp is in use. The lamp Is sealed using the sealant material such that it is watertight and can therefore be used outside without requiring a separate watertight housing. A glass cover is no longer required when a heating device incorporating such a lamp is used outside, therefore more infrared radiation can be emitted by the heating device (as the infrared radiation is not being absorbed by a glass cover).
Preferably the lamp envelope comprises a tube having two ends, the filament being located axially within the envelope, the envelope comprising respective pinch seals located a distance from each end of the envelope, each end of the envelope being sealed with a sealant material, said first conducting foil being embedded within one respective pinch seal and said second conducting foil being embedded within the other respective pinch seal.
Preferably the lamp envelope comprises a linear tube. Suitably the lamp may be used in a radiant heating device.
Preferably the sealant material is a polymer sealant material. Preferably the sealant material Is silicone or epoxy resin. Preferably the lamp envelope Is made of fused silica.
Preferably the lamp comprises first and second external connectors, connected respectively to the first and second conducting foils, each external connector being connected to an Insulated conducting lead, each insulated conducting lead extending through the sealant, to connect the filament to a voltage supply. Preferably the insulating conducting lead comprises a nickel plated copper lead having PTFE insulation.
According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a radiant heating device comprising a halogen lamp according to the invention, According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a method of making a halogen lamp, the method comprising the steps of inserting a filament having two ends within a lamp envelope having a first open end, coupling first and second conducting foils to the respective ends of the filament, attaching current supply means to each conducting foil, pinch sealing the envelope at a distance from a first end of the envelope in order to form a hermetically sealed cavity within the envelope, at least one of said first and second conducting foils being embedded within the pinch seal formed, filling the cavity with an inert gas containing a halogen additive, and sealing said end of the envelope with a sealant material, the current supply means extending through the sealant such that the current supply means are connectable to a voltage supply.
Brief Description of the Drawings
A preferred embodiment of the present Invention will now be more particularly described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 shows a side elevation of a double ended halogen lamp; Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of the end of the halogen lamp of figure 2; Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the lamp of figure 1 along the line X-X;
Description of the Preferred Embodiments
Referring to figure 1, a double-ended halogen lamp 10 is shown having a linear, tube shaped bulb or envelope 11 made of high temperature glass, Preferably the envelope 11 is made of fused silica, The envelope may be made of other material having a suitably high melting point such as quartz, borosilicate or aluminosilicate, The envelope 11 defines a hermetically sealed cavity 12, filled with inert gas such as argon or nitrogen, together with a halogen additive such as bromine or iodine.
An elongate tungsten filament 13 Is supported within the envelope 11, the filament 13 extending longitudinally along the axis of the envelope. Preferably a coiled tungsten filament is used. The filament 13 is supported within the envelope by a plurality of tungsten supports 14, The envelope is pinch sealed at a distance D from each end of the envelope, leaving an un-pInched portion of the envelope at each end. Each end of the tungsten filament 13 is attached to an electrically conducting sealing foil 16, and each sealing foil Is embedded In a respective pinch seal 15 of the envelope, Preferably (he sealing foils 13 are thin, planar sheets of molybdenum, The tungsten filament 13 is electrically coupled at each end to the sealing foils 16 vIa an internal lead 17, such as a wound tail of the filament. Each molybdenum sealing foil 16 is connected to an external connector or lead out pin 18 (referred to as an external connector' as it is external to the halogen containing cavity 12). Each external connector 18 is connected to an insulated conducting lead 19, which in turn connects the filament to a voltage supply. Preferably the insulated conducting lead is a nickel plated copper lead having PTFE insulation.
Each end of the envelope Ills sealed with a sealant material 20 which Is resistant to high temperatures, such as silicone or epoxy resin, The Insulated conducting reads 19 extend through the sealant 20 on each end of the envelope, for connection to a voltage supply. Preferably the sealant 20 is located a distance from each pinch seal 15, such that the sealant 20 is not directly adjacent the pinch seal. The sealant 20 seals envelope 11 such that the lamp is watertight. The lamp can therefore be used outside without requiring a separate outer watertight housing. Since the envelope 11 is pinched at distance from each end, the sealant 20 disposed over each end of the envelope is distanced from the filament in use, and is therefore protected from damage or overheating by the hot filament in use.
The preferred distance D at which the envelope II is pinched, as measured from the end of the envelope, will vary depending on the wattage of the lamp. The distance D will also vary depending on the diameter of the envelope 11. For example, for a 1500W lamp, where the envelope has a diameter of around 8 mm, preferably 0 is 35 mm. The higher the wattage of the lamp, the longer the length 0 will be, In order to distance the sealant 20 from the filament.
The ramp may incorporate a reflector, to reflect electromagnetic radiation emitted and direct (tin a chosen direction.
In order to manufacture the lamp, a hollow fused silica envelope Ills formed, having two open ends. A filament 13 Is placed In the envelope and supported within the envelope 11 by tungsten supports 14. The filament 13 is attached to a pair of electrically conducting sealing foils 16, one on each end of the filament. An external lead 18 is attached to each sealing foIl 16, such that an external lead 18 extends from each end of the envelope 11. The envelope 11 is then pinch sealed closed over the sealing foils 16. The resulting pinch seals 15 are located near each end of the envelope 11, at a distance D from each end. The envelope is filled with an inert gas having a halogen additive via an opening in the tube. The opening is sealed, leaving a protruding exhaust stem 21. Each external lead 18 is coupled to an insulated lead 19, preferably by spot welding. Sealant 20 is then applied to each end of the envelope 11, to fully seal the lamp. The insulated leads 19 extend through the sealant 20, so that the insulated leads 19 can be used to connect the lamp to a voltage supply.
The lamp may be Incorporated in a radiant heating device such as a space heater, It is especially suited to be used outdoors, as no separate watertight housing is required to protect the lamp from the rain. Since the envelope 11 is pinched at distance from each end, the sealant 20 disposed over each end of the envelope is distanced from the filament in use and Is therefore protected from damage by the hot filament. The lamp may also be used in an outdoor lighting device, without requiring a separate watertight housing. The sealant 20 disposed over each end of the envelope is resistant to high temperatures and is made of a different material from that of the lamp envelope.
Preferably the sealant 20 is made of silicone or epoxy resin, Although the figures show a double-ended halogen lamp, the present invention may also comprise a single-ended lamp. Such a lamp is formed from an envelope having a single open end, which Is pinch sealed at a distance from the open end of the envelope, the open end of the envelope being sealed with a sealant material. A filament having two ends is disposed in the envelope, the ends of the filament being connected to respective conducting foils which are both embedded in the pinch, and are coupled to current supply means, which extend through the sealant.
Although described above with respect to specified embodiments, the present invention may be embodied in numerous different ways as embraced within the claims that follow.
Claims (12)
- Claims 1. A halogen lamp comprising: a lamp envelope enclosing a sealed cavity, the envelope being filled with an inert gas and a halogen additive; and a filament, having two ends, located within the envelope; the envelope further comprising a pinch seal located a distance from a first end of the envelope, said first end of the envelope being sealed with a sealant material at a distance from said pinch seal, the lamp further comprising first and second conducting foils electrically coupled to the respective ends of the filament and current supply means electrically coupled to each conducting foil in use, at least one of said first and second conducting foils being embedded within said pinch seal.
- 2. A halogen lamp according to claim 1 wherein the lamp envelope comprises a tube having two ends, the filament being located axially within the envelope, the envelope comprising respective pinch seals located a distance from each end of the envelope, each end of the envelope being sealed with a sealant material, said first conducting foil being embedded within one respective pinch seal and said second conducting foil being embedded within the other respective pinch seal.
- 3. A halogen lamp according to claim 2 wherein (he lamp envelope comprises a linear tube.
- 4. A halogen lamp according to any preceding claim wherein the lamp is for use In a radiant heating device.
- 5. A halogen lamp according to any preceding claim wherein the sealant material is a polymer sealant material.
- 6. A halogen lamp according to any preceding claim wherein the sealant material Is silicone or epoxy resin.
- 7. A halogen lamp according to any preceding claim wherein the lamp envelope is made of fused silica.
- 8. A halogen lamp according to any preceding claim, the lamp comprising first and second external connectors, connected respectively to the first and second conducting foils, each external connector being connected to an insulated conducting lead, each insulated conducting lead extending through the sealant, to connect the filament to a voltage supply.
- 9. A halogen lamp according to claim 8 wherein the insulating conducting lead comprises a nickel plated copper lead having PTFE insulation.
- 10. A radiant heating device comprising a halogen lamp according to any previous claim.
- 11. A method of making a halogen lamp, the method comprising the steps of inserting a filament having two ends within a lamp envelope having a first open end, coupling first and second conducting foils to the respective ends of the filament, attaching current supply means to each conducting foil, pinch sealing the envelope at a distance from a first end of the envelope in order to form a hermetically sealed cavity within the envelope, at least one of said first and second conducting foils being embedded within the pinch seal formed, filling the cavity with an inert gas containing a halogen additive, and sealing said end of the envelope with a sealant material, the current supply means extending through the sealant such that the current supply means are connectable to a voltage supply.
- 12. A halogen lamp, a radiant heating device, or a method of making a halogen lamp substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any suitable combination of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0713833.2A GB0713833D0 (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2007-07-17 | A halogen lamp |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0812931D0 GB0812931D0 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
| GB2451174A true GB2451174A (en) | 2009-01-21 |
| GB2451174B GB2451174B (en) | 2010-01-06 |
Family
ID=38476409
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0713833.2A Ceased GB0713833D0 (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2007-07-17 | A halogen lamp |
| GB0812931A Expired - Fee Related GB2451174B (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2008-07-16 | A halogen lamp |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0713833.2A Ceased GB0713833D0 (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2007-07-17 | A halogen lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB0713833D0 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1223971A (en) * | 1968-06-14 | 1971-03-03 | Gen Electric | Improvements in bent end electric lamp |
| US3742117A (en) * | 1972-05-11 | 1973-06-26 | Gen Electric | Oxidation-resistant seal |
| JPH05234572A (en) * | 1992-02-21 | 1993-09-10 | Matsushita Electron Corp | Tubular bulb |
| US20020023764A1 (en) * | 1995-02-23 | 2002-02-28 | Richard C. Marlor | Solder glass and electrical device employing same |
-
2007
- 2007-07-17 GB GBGB0713833.2A patent/GB0713833D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2008
- 2008-07-16 GB GB0812931A patent/GB2451174B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1223971A (en) * | 1968-06-14 | 1971-03-03 | Gen Electric | Improvements in bent end electric lamp |
| US3742117A (en) * | 1972-05-11 | 1973-06-26 | Gen Electric | Oxidation-resistant seal |
| JPH05234572A (en) * | 1992-02-21 | 1993-09-10 | Matsushita Electron Corp | Tubular bulb |
| US20020023764A1 (en) * | 1995-02-23 | 2002-02-28 | Richard C. Marlor | Solder glass and electrical device employing same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0713833D0 (en) | 2007-08-29 |
| GB2451174B (en) | 2010-01-06 |
| GB0812931D0 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20120716 |