GB2448475A - Sodium hypochlorite generator - Google Patents
Sodium hypochlorite generator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2448475A GB2448475A GB0707293A GB0707293A GB2448475A GB 2448475 A GB2448475 A GB 2448475A GB 0707293 A GB0707293 A GB 0707293A GB 0707293 A GB0707293 A GB 0707293A GB 2448475 A GB2448475 A GB 2448475A
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- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- electrolytic cell
- vessel
- tube
- level
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
- C25B1/265—Chlorates
-
- C25B11/0473—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/075—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
- C25B11/081—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound the element being a noble metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus for the production in situ of a solution of sodium hypochlorite is described. The apparatus may comprise: sodium chloride solution storage 1; an automatic solution dispensing vessel 3: an electrolytic cell 7; and a raiser tube 8. The raiser tube 8 delivers the hypochlorite solution for collection in vessel 11. The through flow operation is based on a gas lifting mechanism, where the gas used is hydrogen, generated during the electrolysis of the saline solution. No moving parts may be employed for pumping the solution through the electrolytic cell. It can be powered by a solar photovoltaic module (PVM), and it is portable in order to be easily transported in remote areas or emergency situations.
Description
ON SITE PORTABLE ELECTROLYTIC SODIUM HYPOCIILORITE
GENERATOR.
Background of the invention
[001] A number of electrochemically generated oxidants may be used to purify water: for instance hydrogen peroxide and ozone, which are difficult and critical to produce with simple devices to be operated on site and in the field. Therefore the most traditional oxidizing agent in these circumstances is sodium hypochiorite solutions or chlorine in the form of solid compounds. It should be noted that this compounds are quite critical to storage and deliver, particularly in hot and remote areas. The alternative solution is to produce sodium hypochiorite on site. It can be easily obtained by simple electrolysis of a dilute solution of sodium chloride in water.
The electrolysis process is well known. It is carried out by preparing a solution of sodium chloride in water, of proper concentration, and place it into an electrolysis cell composed of a container equipped with two electrodes, one anode and one cathode, through which is passed a dc electric current.
The electrodes are made of a chemically inert metal, like Titanium coated with oxides of noble metals like Ruthenium, Titanium, Lanthanum, Iridium, etc. They have semiconductor properties and are excellent catalysts for chlorine generation. These electrodes are named DSA (dimensionally stable anodes) and the coatings are proprietary.
In a cell of this type the anode and cathode are placed in the cell cavity without diaphragm or membranes separating them. In this way the electrochemical reaction products, chlorine at the anode and sodium hydroxide at the cathode, react instantly producing sodium hypochiorite.
The current density on the electrodes can vary from 0.05 to 0.5 Amp/cm2.
The current efficiency depends on temperature. (a high temperature should be avoided as it promotes the formation of undesired chlorates dO3), from pH of the solution and cell geometiy. The energy conversion efficiency depends on the concentration of the saline solution, on the gap between the electrodes, and again from the geometry of the cell: all this parameters influence the conductivity of the solution and consequently the ohmic losses of the cell itself. p.
S
Brief description of drawings
[002] FIG. I illustrates a schematic diagram of the apparatus for performing the electrolysis and showing the gas lift mechanism layout.
[003] FIG. 2 illustrates the gas lifting action for the fluid transfer.
[004] FIG. 3 illustrates the layout of the apparatus as described in the working example.
Detailed description of the invention
[005] The present invention is related to an apparatus for the production in continuous mode (flow-through) of a sodium hypochiorite solution by means of the electrolysis of a dilute solution of sodium chloride in water. With reference to Fig. I it is essentially composed by a saline solution reservoir 1, hermetically closed by the screw-lid 2, and connected to the vessel 3 by means of the two conduits 4 and 5. The vessel 3 feeds, through the tube 6 and choke valve 13, the solution to the electrolytic cell 7 and raiser tube 8. The top end of tube 8 stays at a level higher by the amount h2 with respect to the level 16 in the vessel 3.
The operation is as follows: I.-Electrolytic cell not in operation (electric current disconnected).
The saline solution from reservoir I flows into the vessel 3 through the conduit S until the liquid level reaches the bottom end of conduit 4. At this point the conduit 4 is closed by the liquid and air flow into reservoir 1 is inhibited, therefore blocking the flow of the solution through the conduit 5 into the vessel 3. Therefore the level 16 on the vessel 3 is stabilized, being set by the position of the bottom end of the conduit 4 which acts as a liquid valve. By virtue of the hydraulic connection between vessel 3 and raiser tube 8 through the tube 6 and the electrolytic cell 7, the liquid level in the raiser tube 8 is at the same level 16 as the liquid in the vessel 3 (see Fig.3). Therefore in this condition no liquid flow is possible from reservoir 1 into discharge tube 10. The system is in a stable eqwlibnwn condition (stand-by).
2.-Electrolytic cell 7 in operation (electric current on).
I
During operation hydrogen gas is evolved at the cathode 7b. As explained (Background of the Invention) chlorine gas evolved at the anode 7a reacts instantly with the sodium hydroxide, generated by secondaiy reaction of sodium ions with water, producing sodium hypochiorite. As a consequence there is a net evolution of hydrogen gas from the electrolytic cell 7. This gas is forced upwards through the raiser tube 8, it mixes with the liquid forming a series of bubbles 17, divided by short liquid columns 18, as shown in Fig.2. The capacity of forming such a liquid-gas combination is due to the action of the surface tension of water and is conditioned by the inner diameter of the raising tube 8. Ii is easy to understand that the liquid-gas mixture in tube 8 has a lower density compared to the density of the liquid alone. As a consequence a buoyant force is applied to said liquid-gas mixture which is pulled upwards trough the tube 8 and discharged into vessel 9. From there the hypochlorite solution is discharged trough tube 10 to the storage container 11. The buoyant force is supported by the hydrostatic pressure difference between vessel 3 and the electrolytic cell 7. The liquid overflowing from tube 8 into vessel 9 produces a lowering of the liquid level 16 in the vessel 3. This causes the bottom part 4a of the conduit 4 to open to air (note that the upper part of vessel 3 is open to air).
This air is sucked into vessel 1 permitting some liquid to flow through the conduitS into vessel 3 until the bottom opening of conduit 4 is again closed by the liquid itself, inhibiting further liquid flow from vessel 1. This cycle repeats continuously causing a net flow of saline solution from vessel 1, through vessels 3, electrolytic cell 7 and vessel 9, to the tube 10 and storage 11. The output flow contains the sodium hypochiorite solution generated in the cell 7. The flow rate depends on the quantity of hydrogen generated, on the gas to gas+liquid volumes ratio s ( gas I (gas + liquid)), the raiser tube 8 inner diameter and its length h1, and the raiser tube 8 extra length h2 over the level 16. From theoretical considerations, in order to have a regular and constant flow, it must be 0.2 <E <0.4. At this condition the flow is laminar. Incidentally at this value of c an optimal balance is obtained between the hydrogen gas evolution rate and the liquid flow rate through the electrolytic cell 7. It should be noted that for small units, like the one described in this application, the flow is laminar where the hydrogen bubbles act as plugs pushing the liquid upwards. This is illustrated schematically in Fig.2 where 18 are the liquid plugs and 17 are the gas bubbles. For large hypochiorite production rates the flow becomes turbulent with a chaotic bubble evolution. With this considerations in mind the raiser tube 8 inner diameter must be small enough in order the surface tension of the liquid is such as to generate alternate and regular liquid-gas plugs.
A shallow vessel on which two electrodes 7a and 7b are fitted composes the electrolytic cell 7. The electrodes are made of titanium coated with noble metals oxides like ruthenium, iridium, and platinum. They are in the form of fiat parallel plates spaced a few millimetres, placed vertically and connected to two electric wires by means of watertight feed through connectors. The electric wires are connected to a polarity reversal circuit 14, controlled by a timer. A constant current power supply 15 feeds the circuit 14, and is powered, through the connection 19, to an electricity source, grid line at 220 V ac, or dc source, any voltage.
A working example
[006] As an example a unit will be described aimed to be portable and deliver a quantity of sodium hypochlorite with an equivalent chlorine amount of 2 to 3 g/hour. With reference to Fig.3 the unit consists essentially of a box (plastic or metal but preferably of plastic) 20. Inside the box one or two vessels, as for this example, 3a and 3b are fitted as illustrated on Fig.3. Into and on top of the two vessels two plastic containers, (could be large bottles of 5 to 10 Leach), la and lb can be inserted. Each bottle is equipped with a screw lid in the form of a plastic rod 4 and Son which two holes are drilled (conduits 4 and 5 in Fig. 1), one for the air intake and one for the saline solution outflow. The rod is long enough to firmly hold the bottle in a vertical position, acting as a mechanical support for the bottles. The bottom of the two vessels 3a and 3b are interconnected with a plastic tube 6a and both connected with the tube 6 and through the choke valve 13 to the electrolytic cell 7 (see also Fig.1). The electrolytic cell 7 is connected to the hypochiorite solution collector 9 by means of the raiser tube 8. The two vessels 3a and 3b, the vessel 9, the electrolytic cell 7 and the power supply 14, 15 are all fitted in the box 20. The upper part of the collector 9 is open to air for the exhaust 12 of the hydrogen. The electrolytic cell 7 is equipped with two flat plate electrodes 7a and 7b placed vertically and parallel to each other with a gap of 4 mm and a surface area of between 16 and 20 sq.
centimetres. As already described the electrodes are made of noble metals oxides coated titanium. These dimensions give the best results in terms of conversion efficiency (approx. 90%). The raiser tube 8 has a length h1 between 8 and 11 cm, preferably 9 cm, an inner diameter between 3 and 6 mm, preferably 4 mm, and the length h2 between I and 3 cm, preferably 2 cm. The saline solution to be stored in the bottles la and lb should have a salt concentration between 2 and 3 %, preferably 2.5 %. Based on these characteristics the apparatus was powered at a constant current of 2 Amp the equivalent chlorine produced was 2.45 gfhour. In another run at 3 Amp the chlorine production was 3.7 g/hour, in both cases with a conversion efficiency of 92 %. The measured power input to the cell was 9 and 13 Watts respectively. The flow rate was adjusted with the choke valve 13 to 1.0 and 1.5 IJhour respectively. In another run the apparatus was powered with a photovoltaic module of 40 Watts in a clear summer day. During the 9 hours of useful solar radiation 22 g of equivalent chlorine were produced.
This amount is sufficient to purify 14700 L of drinking water at a concentration of 1.5 mg/L of free chlorine. The PV module had an open circuit voltage of 24 V. and an MPP (maximum power point) voltage of 17.5 V at 2.3 Amp. The constant current power supply was designed to operate between 8 and 24 Volts. With this configuration the whole apparatus, including the PVM, weighted approximately 15 Kg, thus being easily
tlBnsportable. $
Claims (12)
- Claims 1.-An apparatus for the production of sodiwn hypochiorite bymeans of the electrolysis of a diluted solution of sodium chloride in water, comprising an electrolytic cell, said electrolytic cell being composed with at least two metallic electrodes placed vertically face to face, parallel to each other, electrically insulated and supplied with a dc current, said electric cell having in its lower part a chamber where the solution to be etectrolysed is fed through an inlet port, and in its upper part with a collecting chamber of the solution already electrolysed, said collecting chamber comprising an outlet port.
- 2,-Apparatus of claim I, wherein said inlet is connected by means of a tube to the outlet of at least one auxiliaiy reservoir placed at a higher level with respect to said electrolytic cell, said auxiliaiy reservoir being fed with the saline solution maintaining a constant level of said solution.
- 3.-Apparatus of claim I wherein said outlet is connected by means of a vertical tube to the inlet of a vessel placed at a higher level with respect to said electrolytic cell, said tube protruding into said vessel up to a specified height, said vessel, used for he collection of the hypochlorite solution produced in the electrolytic cell, being open in its upper part for the release of hydrogen generated in said electrolytic cell.
- 4.-Apparatus of claim 2 wherein at least one o said auxiliary reservoirs comprises in its upper part an aperture into which a cylindrical element for feeding the saline solution can be introduced from top down.
- 5.-Apparatus of claim 4 wherein the upper end of said cylindrical element is part of a lid that can be screwed and unscrewed, forming a watertight connection, to the neck of at least one storage reservoir for the saline solution, said cylindrical element comprising a hole extending, coaxial to said element, from the upper end to a specified distance from other end, being open on the side of said element, through which air can pass, and another hole, parallel to said hole, extending between the two ends of said element, through which the saline solution flows out into said auxiliary reservoir.
- 6.-Apparatus of claim 5 wherein said two holes in said cylindrical element determines the solution level inside said auxiliary reservoirs in such a manner that air enters through one hole into the main storage reservoir permitting the saline solution to flow out through the second hole into the auxiliary reservoir until the solution level reaches the bottom part of the hole through which air flows causing the interruption the air flow, and consequently the interruption of said saline solution flow into the auxiliary reservoir, therefore stabilising the liquid level.
- 7.-Apparatus of claim 3 and 6 wherein the level of said saline solution in the auxiliary reservoir is at a level higher than the outlet of the electrolytic cell and at a level slightly lower than the upper end of said tube protruding into said vessel and connected to the electrolytic cell.
- 8.-Apparatus of claim 3 wherein said vertical tube connected to the outlet of said electrolytic cell protrudes into said hypochiorite solution collection vessel to about three quarter of the height of said vessel, said tube being the conduit of the hypochiorite solution mixed with the hydrogen generated in the electrolytic cell, said hydrogen acting as a lift of the hypochiorite solution into said collecting vessel.
- 9.-Apparatus of claim 8 wherein said hypochiorite collection vessel comprises an outlet on its bottom part connected to a flexible tube wherefrom the hypochlorite solution can be collected.
- 10.-Apparatus of claim 1 wherein said metallic electrodes are made of titanium coated with noble metals oxides like ruthenium, iridium, lanthanum, titanium.
- 11.-Apparatus of claim 1 wherein said electrodes are connected to a constant current power supply through a polarity reversal circuit controlled by a timer.
- 12.-Apparatus for the production of sodium hypochlorite as described and illustrated above.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0707293A GB2448475A (en) | 2007-02-10 | 2007-04-16 | Sodium hypochlorite generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/673,570 US20080190763A1 (en) | 2007-02-10 | 2007-02-10 | On site portable electrolytic sodium hypochlorite generator |
GB0707293A GB2448475A (en) | 2007-02-10 | 2007-04-16 | Sodium hypochlorite generator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB0707293D0 GB0707293D0 (en) | 2007-05-23 |
GB2448475A true GB2448475A (en) | 2008-10-22 |
Family
ID=39797991
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB0707293A Withdrawn GB2448475A (en) | 2007-02-10 | 2007-04-16 | Sodium hypochlorite generator |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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GB (1) | GB2448475A (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB714234A (en) * | 1951-11-28 | 1954-08-25 | Electro Chimie Metal | Manufacture of sodium chlorate |
GB2068016A (en) * | 1980-01-28 | 1981-08-05 | Pennwalt Corp | Electrolytic production of sodium hypochlorite |
US4326941A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1982-04-27 | Kemanord Ab | Electrolytic cell |
US6187154B1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 2001-02-13 | Hoshizaki Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrolyzed water production system |
US20070007145A1 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2007-01-11 | Simmons Brent A | Electrolytic cell and system for treating water |
-
2007
- 2007-04-16 GB GB0707293A patent/GB2448475A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB714234A (en) * | 1951-11-28 | 1954-08-25 | Electro Chimie Metal | Manufacture of sodium chlorate |
US4326941A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1982-04-27 | Kemanord Ab | Electrolytic cell |
GB2068016A (en) * | 1980-01-28 | 1981-08-05 | Pennwalt Corp | Electrolytic production of sodium hypochlorite |
US6187154B1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 2001-02-13 | Hoshizaki Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrolyzed water production system |
US20070007145A1 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2007-01-11 | Simmons Brent A | Electrolytic cell and system for treating water |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0707293D0 (en) | 2007-05-23 |
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