GB2443977A - A Frictional Coupling - Google Patents

A Frictional Coupling Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2443977A
GB2443977A GB0724648A GB0724648A GB2443977A GB 2443977 A GB2443977 A GB 2443977A GB 0724648 A GB0724648 A GB 0724648A GB 0724648 A GB0724648 A GB 0724648A GB 2443977 A GB2443977 A GB 2443977A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
shaft
inner sleeve
sleeve
friction coupling
friction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB0724648A
Other versions
GB0724648D0 (en
Inventor
Staffan Sundberg
Stefan Norberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF AB
Original Assignee
SKF AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKF AB filed Critical SKF AB
Priority to GB0724648A priority Critical patent/GB2443977A/en
Publication of GB0724648D0 publication Critical patent/GB0724648D0/en
Publication of GB2443977A publication Critical patent/GB2443977A/en
Priority to PCT/SE2008/000691 priority patent/WO2009078781A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/02—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for connecting two abutting shafts or the like
    • F16D1/04—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for connecting two abutting shafts or the like with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
    • F16D1/05—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for connecting two abutting shafts or the like with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping due to axial loading of at least one pair of conical surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/08—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
    • F16D1/09—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping due to axial loading of at least one pair of conical surfaces
    • F16D2001/0906—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping due to axial loading of at least one pair of conical surfaces using a hydraulic fluid to clamp or disconnect, not provided for in F16D1/091

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

A friction coupling 1 comprises an inner sleeve 2 and an outer sleeve 5. The inner sleeve presents a radially inner cylindrical surface constituting a bore 3, and a radially outer surface 4 constituting an essentially conical form. The outer sleeve presents a radially inner surface 6 constituting an essentially conical form. The radially outer surface of the inner sleeve essentially matches the radially nner surface of the outer sleeve. A cavity 7, when in use acts as a pressure chamber, is disposed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. The cylindrical surface of the bore includes a friction coating preferably of a carbide type coating to increase the friction between the bore and mounting surface. Additionally, hydraulic fluid ducts are provided from the outer peripheral surface of outer sleeve to the cavity and the contact conical surface between inner and outer sleeves.

Description

A friction coupling
Field of the invention
According to a first aspect, the invention concerns a friction coupling.
According to a second aspect, the invention concerns a method to join two shafts.
According to a third aspect, the invention concerns a JO method to disjoin two shafts.
According to a fourth aspect, the invention concerns a wind turbine axle having the friction coupling according to the first aspect.
Background of the invention
There are several different ways of connecting two shafts in order to transfer rotation and torque. One such way is to connect two shafts with end flanges including holes to bolt the two shafts together. This type of design leads to that the shaft diameter increases at the connection area. Furthermore, the cost of manufacturing that type of shaft is higher than a standard type of shaft. Therefore, there is a need to have a coupling between two shafts that doesn't need any expensively designed shafts, which is compact in the radial and in the axial direction, and at the same time can transfer a high torque between the two shafts.
This is especially a need in wind turbine applications.
Furthermore, in wind turbine applications, there is a need to be able to easily mount and dismount two shafts. There is also a need to have a low weight.
Summary of the invention
A first object of the invention is to provide a shaft coupling that has a reduced size in a radial direction of the shaft.
A second object of the invention is to provide a compact coupling in an axial direction of the shaft.
A third object of the invention is to provide a shaft coupling that is low in weight.
A fourth object of the invention is to provide a shaft coupling that allows using standard shafts.
A fifth object of the invention is to provide a shaft coupling that allows easy mounting of two shafts.
A sixth object of the invention is to provide a shaft coupling that allows easy dismounting of two shafts.
According to the first aspect, the objects of the invention are achieved by a friction coupling. The friction coupling comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. The inner sleeve presents a radially inner cylindrical surface constituting a bore, and a radially outer surface constituting an essentially conical form. The outer sleeve presents a radially inner surface constituting an essentially conical form. The radially outer surface of the inner sleeve essentially matches the radially inner surface of the outer sleeve. A cavity, when in use acts as a pressure chamber, is between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. Furthermore, at least a part of the cylindrical surface of the bore presents a friction coating.
The invention provides a compact coupling solution. Due to the compact design, the coupling also has a low weight and no specially designed shafts are needed due to that the coupling inner surface being in contact with the shafts is cylindrically shaped. Furthermore, the design allows easy mounting and dismounting.
In an embodiment, the friction coupling has a friction coefficient p of the coated surface that is p = 0.2.
In an embodiment, the friction coupling has a friction coefficient p of the coated surface that is p = 0.3.
In an embodiment, the friction coupling has a friction coefficient p of the coated surface that is p = 0.4.
In an embodiment, the friction coupling has a friction coefficient i of the coated surface that is p = 0.5.
In an embodiment, the friction coating of the friction coupling of the invention is a carbide type coating.
In an embodiment, the friction coating is applied onto the friction coupling by plasma spraying. Plasma spraying, one of the thermal spraying family, is a materials processing technique for producing coatings and free-standing parts using a plasma jet. Deposits having thickness from micrometers to several millimeters can be produced from a variety of materials, such as metals, ceramics, polymers and composites. The thickness of the coating on the friction coupling may be around 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, 0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.06 mm or any other preferred thickness recognized by a skilled person.
In an embodiment, the friction coupling further comprises a ring-shaped element between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve at an axial end of at least one of the inner and the outer sleeve. In addition, an axial inner side of the ring-shaped element is a surface in the cavity. The ring-shaped element may be attached to any of the inner or outer sleeve by a threaded connection, a weld or any other fixing technique recognized by a skilled person.
In an embodiment, the friction coupling further comprises a fluid duct from an outer peripheral surface of the friction coupling into the cavity. The fluid duct is meant to lead a fluid, such as oil, in to the cavity in order to pressurize it during mounting or dismounting.
In an embodiment, the friction coupling further comprises a fluid duct from an outer peripheral surface of the friction coupling to the contact surface between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. This duct is meant to be used during mounting and dismounting for lubricating the contact surfaces and during dismounting for pressurizing the contact surfaces.
In an embodiment, the friction coupling further comprises a flange integrated with any of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve meant to be connected to a mechanical element.
According to the second aspect, the fifth object of the invention is achieved by a method to join a first and a second shaft, comprising the friction coupling according to the first aspect of the invention, and comprises the following steps: * inserting the first shaft into the bore of the inner sleeve, and pushing the first shaft to an axial JO position in the friction coupling, inserting the second shaft into the bore of the inner sleeve until a contact between the first and the second shaft occurs, * driving up the outer sleeve onto the inner sleeve by pressurizing the cavity, and thereby increasing a radial pressure between the inner sleeve and the first shaft, and between the inner sleeve and the second part.
All features and embodiments of the second aspect are applicable to all embodiments and features of the first aspect and vice versa.
According to the third aspect, the sixth object of the invention is achieved by a method to disjoin a first and a second shaft, comprising the friction coupling having a fluid duct leading to the contact surface of the inner and the outer sleeve. In addition, the first shaft and the second shaft are axially and rotatably fixed into the bore of the friction coupling, and comprises the following steps: * pressurizing the fluid duct and the cavity, and continuously increasing the pressure in the fluid duct, wherein an axial force is obtained leading to driving off the outer sleeve of the inner sleeve, and * pulling the first shaft and the second shaft out of the bore of the inner sleeve.
All features and embodiments of the third aspect are applicable to all embodiments and features of the first aspect and vice versa.
According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the objects are achieved by a wind turbine axle having the friction coupling according to the first aspect of the invention. The wind turbine axle comprises a first shaft connected to a wind turbine rotor. The first shaft is positioned inside and in connection with the radially inner cylindrical surface of the inner sleeve. Furthermore, the wind turbine axle comprises a second shaft connected to a gearbox. The second shaft is positioned inside and in tO connection with the radially inner cylindrical surface of the inner sleeve. The outer sleeve is driven up onto the inner sleeve, creating a radial pressure between the inner sleeve and the first shaft and the inner sleeve and the second shaft, wherein the radial pressure allows a high IS torque to be transmitted between the first and the second shaft.
All features and embodiments of the fourth aspect are applicable to all embodiments and features of the first, second and third aspect and vice versa.
Brief description of drawings
Figure 1. A friction coupling according to the invention.
Figure 2. Another friction coupling according to the invention.
Figure 3. A friction coupling joining two shafts according to the invention Figure 4. A conventional coupling of two shafts.
Detailed description of preferred embodiments
It should be understood that some features of the drawings might be exaggerated in order to clarify the inventive idea.
In figure 1, a cross-section of a friction coupling 1 according to the invention is disclosed. The friction coupling 1 has an inner sleeve 2 presenting a radially inner cylindrical surface constituting a bore 3, and a radially outer surface 4 constituting an essentially conical form. In addition, the friction coupling 1 has an outer sleeve 5. The outer sleeve 5 presents a radially inner surface 6 constituting an essentially conical form. A cavity 7, which in use acts as a pressure chamber, is located between the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 5. At least a part of the cylindrical surface of the bore 3 presents a friction coating. The friction coating may have a friction coefficient being equal or larger than 0.2 p, 0.3 p, 0,4 p or 0.5 p. The friction coating may further be a carbide type coating, or any other high friction coating recognized by a skilled person. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the friction coupling 1 presents a ring-shaped element B between the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 5. A surface of the ring-shaped element 8 is a surface in the cavity 7. The ring-shaped element 8 may be attached by a threaded connection, a weld or any other fixing technique to the inner sleeve 2.
In figure 2, another friction coupling 1 according to the invention is disclosed. The friction coupling comprises, as described in figure 1, an inner sleeve 2 having a cylindrical inner bore 3 and a radially outer essentially conical surface 4, an outer sleeve 5 having a radially inner surface 6 constituting an essentially conical form, a cavity 7, a ring-shaped element 8, a fluid duct 9 and a fluid duct 10. Furthermore, the friction coupling presents a flange 11 on the inner sleeve 2. The flange 11 may also be on the outer sleeve 5. The flange 11 of the friction coupling 1 may be used to connect a mechanical element to a shaft, wherein the shaft is inserted into the cylindrical bore 3 of the inner sleeve 2. The cylindrical surface of the bore 3 presents a friction coating. The friction coating may have a friction coefficient being equal or larger than 0.2 p, 0.3 ji, 0.4 p or 0,5 p. The friction coating may be a carbide type coating, or any other coating leading to an increased friction between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve.
In figure 3, a friction coupling 1 is disclosed where two shafts 12 and 13 are joined. The friction coupling comprises, as described in figure 1 and 2, an inner sleeve 2 having a cylindrical inner bore 3 and a radially outer essentially conical surface 4, an outer sleeve 5 having a radially inner surface 6 constituting an essentially conical form, a cavity 7, a ring-shaped element 8, a fluid duct 9 and a fluid duct 10. The shafts 12 and 13 may be joined by the joining method described above. In addition, the two shafts may be disjoined by the disjoining method described above. The cylindrical surface of the bore 3 presents a friction coating The shaft 12 or 13 may be connected to a rotor of a wind turbine and the corresponding shaft 12 or 13 may be connected to a wind turbine gearbox.
Figure 4 illustrate an example of a conventional shaft IS coupling. The coupling comprises a flange 16 connected to the shaft 14 and a second flange 17 connected to the shaft 15. The two shafts 14 and 15 may be connected by bolts inserted in holes on the flanges 16 and 17, as seen in the figure. The coupling leads to a large diameter due to the two flanges 16 and 17 and is thus not compact. Furthermore, handling of the bolts may be complicated and there may also be corrosion problems on the bolts.

Claims (9)

  1. Claims 1. A friction coupling (1), comprising, -an inner sleeve (2),
    presenting a radially inner cylindrical surface constituting a bore (3), and a radially outer surface (4) constituting an essentially conical form, -an outer sleeve (5), presenting a radially inner surface (6) constituting an essentially conical form, -the radially outer surface (4) of the inner sleeve (2) essentially matching the radially inner surface (6) of --the outer sleeve (5), -a cavity (7), when in use acts as a pressure chamber, between the inner sleeve (2) and the outer sleeve (5) and -wherein at least a part of the cylindrical surface of the bore (3) presents a friction coating.
  2. 2. A friction coupling according to claim 1, wherein a friction coefficient p of the coated surface is any of: -p = 0.2, -p = 0.3, -p = 0.4, or -p = 0.5.
  3. 3. A friction coupling according to claim 1, wherein the friction coating is a carbide type coating.
  4. 4. A friction coupling according to claim 1, further comprising, -a ring-shaped element between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve at an axial end of at least one of the inner and the outer sleeve, wherein an axial inner side of the ring-shaped element being a surface in the cavity.
  5. 5. A friction coupling according to claim 1, further comprising, -a fluid duct from an outer peripheral surface of the friction coupling to the cavity.
  6. 6. A friction coupling according to claim 1, further comprising, -a fluid duct from an outer peripheral surface of the friction coupling to the contact surface between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve.
  7. 7. A friction coupling according to claim 1, further comprising, -a flange integrated with any of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve meant to be connected to a mechanical element.
  8. 8. A method to join a first and a second shaft, comprising the friction coupling according to any one of claims 1-7, and comprising the steps: -inserting the first shaft into the bore of the inner sleeve, and pushing the first shaft to an axial position in the friction coupling, -inserting the second shaft into the bore of the inner sleeve until a contact between the first and the second shaft occurs, -driving up the outer sleeve onto the inner sleeve by pressurizing the cavity, and thereby increasing a radial pressure between the inner sleeve and the first shaft, and between the inner sleeve and the second part.
  9. 9. A method to disjoin a first and a second shaft, comprising the friction coupling according to claim 6, wherein the first shaft and the second shaft are axially and rotatably fixed into the bore of the friction coupling, comprising the steps: -pressurizing the fluid duct and the cavity, and continuously increasing the pressure in the fluid duct, wherein an axial force is obtained leading to driving off the outer sleeve of the inner sleeve, and -pulling the first shaft and the second shaft out of the bore of the inner sleeve.
    lO.A wind turbine axle having the friction coupling according to any of claim 1-10, comprising, -a first shaft connected to a wind turbine rotor, the first shaft being positioned inside and in connection with the radially inner cylindrical surface of the inner sleeve, -a second shaft connected to a gearbox, the second shaft being positioned inside and in connection with the radially inner cylindrical surface of the inner sleeve, -wherein the outer sleeve is driven up onto the inner sleeve, creating a radial pressure between the inner sleeve and the first shaft and the inner sleeve and the second shaft, wherein the radial pressure allows a high torque to be transmitted between the first and the second shaft.
GB0724648A 2007-12-18 2007-12-18 A Frictional Coupling Withdrawn GB2443977A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0724648A GB2443977A (en) 2007-12-18 2007-12-18 A Frictional Coupling
PCT/SE2008/000691 WO2009078781A1 (en) 2007-12-18 2008-12-10 A friction coupling

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0724648A GB2443977A (en) 2007-12-18 2007-12-18 A Frictional Coupling

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0724648D0 GB0724648D0 (en) 2008-01-30
GB2443977A true GB2443977A (en) 2008-05-21

Family

ID=39048273

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0724648A Withdrawn GB2443977A (en) 2007-12-18 2007-12-18 A Frictional Coupling

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2443977A (en)
WO (1) WO2009078781A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2406503A1 (en) * 2009-03-11 2012-01-18 Aktiebolaget SKF A sleeve

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1276547A (en) * 1968-06-28 1972-06-01 Skf Svenska Kullagerfab Ab Improvements in or relating to pressure-fluid operated connecting units
GB2089474A (en) * 1980-12-11 1982-06-23 Durand Francois Coupling for frictionally connecting together rotary machine components
US4525916A (en) * 1982-09-08 1985-07-02 Escher Wyss Gmbh Method of coupling coaxial shafts
WO2004063586A1 (en) * 2003-01-13 2004-07-29 Voith Turbo Safeset Ab A compressive coupling arrangement
DE10311917A1 (en) * 2003-03-17 2004-10-07 Centa-Antriebe Kirschey Gmbh Coupling for friction engagement rotational connection of machine parts has sliding sleeve with coating with increased adhesive friction between inner generated surface of sleeve and outer generated surface of second machine part

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2225833A (en) * 1988-11-01 1990-06-13 Pilgrim Eng Dev Shaft couplings

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1276547A (en) * 1968-06-28 1972-06-01 Skf Svenska Kullagerfab Ab Improvements in or relating to pressure-fluid operated connecting units
GB2089474A (en) * 1980-12-11 1982-06-23 Durand Francois Coupling for frictionally connecting together rotary machine components
US4525916A (en) * 1982-09-08 1985-07-02 Escher Wyss Gmbh Method of coupling coaxial shafts
WO2004063586A1 (en) * 2003-01-13 2004-07-29 Voith Turbo Safeset Ab A compressive coupling arrangement
DE10311917A1 (en) * 2003-03-17 2004-10-07 Centa-Antriebe Kirschey Gmbh Coupling for friction engagement rotational connection of machine parts has sliding sleeve with coating with increased adhesive friction between inner generated surface of sleeve and outer generated surface of second machine part

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2406503A1 (en) * 2009-03-11 2012-01-18 Aktiebolaget SKF A sleeve
EP2406503A4 (en) * 2009-03-11 2012-11-07 Skf Ab A sleeve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0724648D0 (en) 2008-01-30
WO2009078781A1 (en) 2009-06-25

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