GB2429017A - Gum or resin incense ingredient for candle - Google Patents
Gum or resin incense ingredient for candle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2429017A GB2429017A GB0615827A GB0615827A GB2429017A GB 2429017 A GB2429017 A GB 2429017A GB 0615827 A GB0615827 A GB 0615827A GB 0615827 A GB0615827 A GB 0615827A GB 2429017 A GB2429017 A GB 2429017A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- candle
- gum
- weight
- range
- inclusive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000717739 Boswellia sacra Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004863 Frankincense Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000006965 Commiphora myrrha Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000007265 Myrrhis odorata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 240000007311 Commiphora myrrha Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000003717 Boswellia sacra Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000569 Gum karaya Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000012035 Boswellia serrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004859 Copal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000934878 Sterculia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000231 karaya gum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940039371 karaya gum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010494 karaya gum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920002871 Dammar gum Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004860 Dammar gum Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 240000007551 Boswellia serrata Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000016649 Copaifera officinalis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016421 Pinus nigra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000592226 Pinus nigra Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000907903 Shorea Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940092738 beeswax Drugs 0.000 claims 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000782205 Guibourtia conjugata Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 240000009023 Myrrhis odorata Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001057584 Myrrha Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000513 Santalum album Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008632 Santalum album Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015143 herbs and spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008601 oleoresin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C5/00—Candles
- C11C5/002—Ingredients
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
A candle has an incense ingredient in the form of a gum or resin, preferably at a concentration of < 1 wt %. The candle may also comprise beeswax, stearic acid and an additional fragrance. Preferred candle ingredients include frankincense, myrrh, benzoin, collophony resin, copal gum, dammar gum, karaya gum and olibanum. A preferred candle composition comprises 77.0 wt % paraffin wax, 4.5 wt % beeswax, 8.5 wt % stearic acid, 0.25 wt % olibanum powder, 0.25 wt % myrrh powder, 9.0 wt % fragrance, 0.5 wt % candle wax dye.
Description
Incense Candles The present invention relates to incense candles, that is
to candles containing an incense ingredient. Such candles are known, see for example document EP1280876A1 in the name of S.C. Johnson & Son Inc. Document EP1280876A1 discloses a candle comprising: 75 to 97 weight percent candle wax; I to 12 weight percent of an incense ingredient (selected from a specified group); 1 to 5 weight percent of a coupling agent (selected from a specified group); and up to 10 weight percent of additives.
The present invention arises from the observation that known incense candles do not burn in the most desirable manner. Often there is too much smoke, which is not surprising since incense alone has for centuries been known by its smoke generating characteristic. Also, the candle flame is often unstable. Sometimes the inclusion of the incense ingredient can cause the burning candle to spark and/or spit.
Conventional incense candles use an incense ingredient which is essentially a modem perfumery material. Such perfumery materials are isolated from the basic crude : resins, e.g. sandalwood, cedarwood, myrrh etc. * ***. According to the present invention there is provided a candle having an incense ingredient in the form of the crude gum in contrast to a perfumery material extracted : fromthegum. 0S*
* . Counter intuitively the candle according to the present invention provides a stable and * clean stable burning flame. In fact, the candle of the present invention bums with a clean but larger flame. Thus, the present invention discloses that the crude gums will burn without the smoke normally associated with incense, when formulated carefully within specified limits. Hence the second part of the present invention namely, whereas document EP1280876A1 specifies the use of! to 12 weight percent of an incense ingredient (gum extract) the present invention teaches that less than 1 weight percent of the crude incense gum should be included in the candle. This, again, is counter intuitive since one would naturally have thought that a smaller quantity of refined extract should be used in place of the crude material.
The burning of aromatic plant material dates from time immemorial. As a practice to celebrate religious ceremonies the use of Incense as these natural resins are generally known, is an ancient art. Candle making is equally as ancient. The oldest and simplest of candles being made from animal fats which were by-products of food.
Today modern candle wax is generally of petro-chemical origin i.e. paraffin, though natural waxes such as beeswax are used mostly in combination with modem waxes.
The present invention has been made with ancient and modem in mind; combining crude incense gums and resins with modem and natural candle waxes.
The term "Incense" refers to natural plant materials which have a resinous nature.
These would principally be the ancient materials Frankincense (Boswellia carteri) and Myrrh (Cominiphora myrrha). Others would include traditionally used resins for incense making such as Benzoin (Styrax benzoin), Collophony resin (Pinus nigra), Copal gum (Copariflora officinalis), Danimar gum (Shorea spp), Karaya gum (Sterculia gum). The method of harvesting these materials involves collecting the resin or gums which are exudates from trees or shrubs. Often from the bark or wood : of the tree. These resins or "tears" are insoluble gums. They are highly aromatic and *,*. flammable. They are also very beautiful and visual appearing almost like precious stones as they are transparent with varying colours. For example Olibanum is a * natural oleoresin which is a physiological product of the tree. This is formed when the bark of the tree is damaged. An incision is made into the bark, this is repeated three times at monthly intervals until the tree, in response, has formed a quantity of * : * * resin. This can then be collected. When first harvested the resin appears as large clear globules which are soft but which quickly harden. These globules are cleaned and ground into "Peas" or "Tears" It is these "tears" used themselves or ground into powders, which were burnt in ancient times as "incense". Today preparations of the crude gums have been adopted as they are more versatile.
In modem perfumery these ancient gwns, in particular Olibanum, Myrrh and Benzoin are extracted in different ways to obtain the volatile oils they contain.
Olibanum yields 5-10 % of a volatile oil. This is obtained by steam distillation.
"Resinoids" as they are known in the perfume industry are prepared from the resins obtained directly from the tree. They are isolated by solvent extraction.
These refined oils and extracts from the crude resins are used to create fragrances which are used in perfumes for all types of applications, including perfumes for candles.
Previous inventions include the use of these more modem preparations of the resins.
The volatile oils or resinoids are solublised to enable compatibility with paraffin - modem candle wax. It has been stated that if the incense ingredients are not solublised they will not burn satisfactorily. Also that they will produce large quantities of smoke which is normally associated with incense burning.
The present invention challenges this situation. By using the crude gums and blending them into candle wax we have found that they burn very cleanly. The warmth of the flame melts the crude gums in the pool of wax generated below the wick. Though some of the resulting gum will be taken up and burnt in the flame, this can be controlled. In fact the candle of the present invention results in a slightly larger more attractive flame than in a conventional candle. S...
The slightly larger flame generated has to be controlled carefully in order not to I.e produce a fire hazard. The crude gums themselves are highly flammable. However it is accepted that all candles are hazards of this nature and this can be controlled. * .
It has been found that the resins do not smoke when combined with modern candle waxes, This is because the crude form is used and not the volatile oils extracted from the resins commonly used in perfumery. As the incense resins are highly volatile careful formulation is required. It has been found that a combination of 0.1 % to 0.95% is the broadest range suitable. Most preferably a combination of 0. 3% to 0.7% was found to be desirable.
The crude incense gums are used in combinations of modem and natural candle wax.
It was found that a range of 60% to 95% of Paraffin wax and most preferably a range * of 65% to 90% was most effective. It was also found that Paraffin wax could be used solely without the addition of any other wax type. However inclusion of natural waxes such as beeswax is effective in the range of 0. 1% to 5% if used in combination with Paraffin wax or used as a substitute for Paraffin wax in equal percentages 60% to 95% and most preferably 65% to 90%. The use of a common candle ingredient Stearic Acid is also desirable. Although this can be omitted, a range of 15% to 3% was broadly effective but most preferably 12% to 5% in the formula.
The addition of fragrance to the candle is also possible, even though the crude gums themselves generate an odour. These fragrances give perfume to the candles when they are handled. They generate a soft perfume in the room when the candle is burnt.
They may include some of the refined volatile oils and resinoids prepared from the crude gums. These are the common ingredients of modem perfumery. There was no need to solublise the fragrance itself as has been seen in other inventions. The fragrance burnt cleanly in combination with incense gums. The fragrance is added in a range broadly specified between 20% and 3%. Most preferably between 12% and 4%.
Other additives might include dyes for candle wax, herbs and spices and such like to S...
decorate or visually make the candle attractive. The crude gums themselves as they * ::: : are so interesting in their natural state can be set as "peas" in to the candle wax to * give visual appeal.
An example of a candle of the present invention was prepared by using the following * . combination of ingredients. %
Paraffin Wax 77.0 Beeswax 4.5 Stearic Acid 8.5 Olibanum Powder 0.25 Myrrh Powder 0.25 Fragrance 9.0 Candle Wax Dye 0.5 Total 100 It can be seen that when combining ancient gums and resins, commonly used as Incense" with modem and natural candle waxes an innovative fonn of candle can be produced. It has the advantage of a fragrance from the resins, a larger flame and bums without the smoke commonly associated with "Incense". The "peas" of gum as they are described can also be added to the mix in order to create visual effects. * ** * S *5*S * * S... * * . *1 S
S S.. SS *
I I...
S
S.....
S S
Claims (16)
- Claims: 1. A candle having an incense ingredient in the form of a gum orresin.
- 2. A candle as claimed in claim 1 wherein the incense ingredient constitutes less than 1% by weight of the candle.
- 3. A candle as claimed in claim 2 wherein the incense ingredient is in the range of 0.1% to 0.95% inclusive by weight of the candle.
- 4. A candle as claimed in claim 2 wherein the incense ingredient is in the range of 0.3% to 0.7% inclusive by weight of the candle.
- 5. A candle as claimed in any preceding claim comprising paraffin wax in the range of 60% to 95% inclusive by weight of the candle.
- 6. A candle as claimed in any preceding claim comprising paraffin wax in the range of 65% to 90% inclusive by weight of the candle.
- 7. A candle as claimed in any preceding claim comprising bees wax. *...
- 8. A candle as claimed in claim 7 wherein the bees wax is in the range of 0.1% to 5% inclusive by weight of the candle. ee
- 9. A candle as claimed in any preceding claim comprising stearic acid.S * ..S
- 10. A candle as claimed in claim 9 wherein the stearic acid is in the range of 3% to 15% inclusive by weight of the candle.
- 11. A candle as claimed in claim 9 wherein the stearic acid is in the range of 5% to 12% inclusive by weight of the candle.
- 12. A candle as claimed in any preceding claim comprising a fragrance.
- 13. A candle as claimed in claim 12 wherein the fragrance is in the range of 3% to 20% inclusive by weight of the candle.
- 14. A candle as claimed in claim 12 wherein the fragrance is in the range of 4% to 12% inclusive by weight of the candle.
- 15. A candle as claimed in any preceding claim comprising at least one ingredient selected from Frankincense (Boswellia carteri), Myrrh (Commiphora myrrha), Benzoin (Styrax benzoin), Collophony resin (Pinus nigra), Copal gum (Copariflora offlcinalis), Dammar gum (Shorea spp), Karaya gum (Sterculia gum) and Olibanum.
- 16. A candle as claimed in claim I comprising by weight % Paraffin Wax 77. 0 Beeswax 4.5 Stearic Acid 8.5 Olibanum Powder 0.25 Myrrh Powder 0.25 Fragrance 9.0 Candle Wax Dye 0.5 *SbdI * I. I. II "II I. II I..,IIs....I
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0516516.2A GB0516516D0 (en) | 2005-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | Incense candles |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0615827D0 GB0615827D0 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
| GB2429017A true GB2429017A (en) | 2007-02-14 |
Family
ID=35098158
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0516516.2A Ceased GB0516516D0 (en) | 2005-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | Incense candles |
| GB0615827A Pending GB2429017A (en) | 2005-08-11 | 2006-08-09 | Gum or resin incense ingredient for candle |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0516516.2A Ceased GB0516516D0 (en) | 2005-08-11 | 2005-08-11 | Incense candles |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB0516516D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007017694A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2296564A1 (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2008-04-16 | Silvia Alejandr Sosa Balle | Solid perfume product includes refined paraffin, stearic acid, synthetic wax and essences or perfume |
| ES2321465A1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-06-05 | Juan Morro Rossello | Paraffin air freshener and process for its obtaining (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| US10619121B2 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2020-04-14 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Candle wax composition and method of making |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001083656A1 (en) * | 2000-05-03 | 2001-11-08 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Incense candle |
| FR2848020A1 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-04 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | ELECTROSTATIC MICRO-SWITCH FOR LOW ACTUATING VOLTAGE COMPONENTS |
| KR20040052871A (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2004-06-23 | 이영순 | Preparation method of aroma candle |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US21706A (en) * | 1858-10-05 | tatum | ||
| US54495A (en) * | 1866-05-08 | Improved compound burning-fluid for illumination | ||
| GB106071A (en) * | 1917-01-18 | 1917-05-10 | William Hepworth Dixon | Improvements in the Manufacture of Wax Tapers for Matches or other purposes. |
| US1968269A (en) * | 1932-01-11 | 1934-07-31 | Standard Oil Co | Dipped candle |
| FR2202646A1 (en) * | 1972-10-16 | 1974-05-10 | Aries Robert | Dialkyl pyridine phosphate esters - used in combustible compositions as insecticidal fumigants |
| US5738862A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-04-14 | Abraham; Carl J. | Solid and liquid compositions for dispersion of insect repellent based on deet |
-
2005
- 2005-08-11 GB GBGB0516516.2A patent/GB0516516D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-08-09 GB GB0615827A patent/GB2429017A/en active Pending
- 2006-08-09 WO PCT/GB2006/002987 patent/WO2007017694A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001083656A1 (en) * | 2000-05-03 | 2001-11-08 | S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Incense candle |
| FR2848020A1 (en) * | 2002-11-28 | 2004-06-04 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | ELECTROSTATIC MICRO-SWITCH FOR LOW ACTUATING VOLTAGE COMPONENTS |
| KR20040052871A (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2004-06-23 | 이영순 | Preparation method of aroma candle |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2321465A1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-06-05 | Juan Morro Rossello | Paraffin air freshener and process for its obtaining (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| ES2296564A1 (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2008-04-16 | Silvia Alejandr Sosa Balle | Solid perfume product includes refined paraffin, stearic acid, synthetic wax and essences or perfume |
| US10619121B2 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2020-04-14 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Candle wax composition and method of making |
| US11021676B2 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2021-06-01 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Coating compositions for oriented strand boards and associated methods of use |
| US11370991B2 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2022-06-28 | ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company | Candle wax composition and method of making |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0615827D0 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
| GB0516516D0 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
| WO2007017694A1 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
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