GB2424492A - Computer rapid boot and shutdown system and method - Google Patents

Computer rapid boot and shutdown system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2424492A
GB2424492A GB0504328A GB0504328A GB2424492A GB 2424492 A GB2424492 A GB 2424492A GB 0504328 A GB0504328 A GB 0504328A GB 0504328 A GB0504328 A GB 0504328A GB 2424492 A GB2424492 A GB 2424492A
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Prior art keywords
computer
boot
volatile memory
files
rapid
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GB0504328A
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GB0504328D0 (en
GB2424492B (en
Inventor
An-Sheng Chang
Chan-Shiang Chen
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Giga Byte Technology Co Ltd
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Giga Byte Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to GB0504328A priority Critical patent/GB2424492B/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
    • G06F9/4418—Suspend and resume; Hibernate and awake
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
    • G06F9/445—Program loading or initiating

Abstract

A computer rapid boot system includes a transmission interface, a volatile memory for storing computer boot information, an interface converter for converting the format of a transmission signal between the transmission interface and the volatile memory, a main memory and a central processing unit. Furthermore, when the computer is booted, the central processing unit can read the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interface, and then enable the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory for increasing the computer boot speed.

Description

COMPUTER RAPID BOOT AND SHUTDOWN SYSTEM AND METHOD
The present invention relates to a computer rapid boot system and method and, more particularly, to a computer rapid boot system and method for loading the boot information into a main memory by designating a computer boot device. The invention also relates to a method of shutting down a computer and to a computer incorporating a rapid boot system.
In general, a computer system can be a personal computer, a notebook computer or a server host, including a plurality of kinds of access devices, such as hard-disk drives, disk drives, optical disk drives, Corn Ports, PS2 Ports, VGAs, LPT Ports, or IDEs, etc. A typical óomputer boot manner is disclosed in TW 588284 published on 21 May 2004. In TW 588284, the computer system will be booted in BIOS and the motherboard is set to designate the access device that stores the operating system with the computer boot information as a computer boot device.
Of the above-mentioned access devices, the hard-disk drive is the access device that can be accessed most rapidly. Thus, in the present computer system, an operating system, such as Microsoft Windows, IBM 0S2 system or LINUX, etc., is installed on the hard-disk drive, to enable the operating system to boot or shutdown the computer.
However, the computer boot method of TW 588284, spends a long time waiting to access data information or searching the bard-disk drive when the operating system is booting, so that the process is a slow one.
W1en the operating system is installed on the hard disk drive and has been used for a long time, the amount of infonnaticrn stored on the hard drive will slow down the operating speed of the hard disk drive. If the hard-disk drive has a large amount of infonnation stored on it, the boot files, the entry files, the active files and the relation files of the computer boot program will also have been spread throughout the bard-disk drive. Consequently, as more infonnation is stored on the hard drive, searching and accessing data in the hard-disk drive becomes slower. This causes the computer boot process to slow and takes a longer to time to be completed. Even if the speed of the motherboard, CPU is memory is increased, the bard-disk drive will still belong to a slowed access device.
Another restore software application for booting and shutting down a computer is disclosed in TW 591395 published on 11 Iune 2004. When the computer is shut down the computer system creates an image file and stores the image file onto the hard-disk drive. When the computer system is booted, the image file stored in the hard-disk drive is restored into the memory, thereby avoiding the longer access action of the boot file for computer rapid boot. The advantage of the restore software is in that it doesn't need to provide the memory power in the shutdown status. However, the disadvantage of the restore software method is That it takes a long time to access data from the hard-disk drive, causing the boot speed to be reduced.
The present invention aims to alleviate or overcome the problem explained above
of the prior art.
The invention is defined in the independent claims.
In a preferred embodiment the computer rapid boot system includes a transmission interface, a volatile memory, a power source, an interface converter, a main memory and a central processing unit. The volatile memory is for storing computer boot information. The power source is for providing power to the volatile memory. The interface converter is for converting the format of a transmission signal between the transmission interface and the volatile memory. The central processing unit is for reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interface and the interface converter so as to control the computer boot. The central processing unit then enables the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory so as to allow a computer boot.
Another embodiment of the invention is a computer rapid boot system that includes a plurality of transmission interfaces, a disk array controller, a volatile memory, a power source, an interface converter, a main memory and a central processing unit. The disk array controller is for controlling the signal transmission of the transmissiOn iiterfaces. The volatile memory is for storing computer boot information. The power source is for providing power to the volatile memory. The interface converter is for providing the fonnat conversion of a transmission signal between the volatile memory and the disk array controller. The central processing unit is for reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interfaces and the disk array controller, so as to control the computer boot, enabling the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory so as to allow the computer to be booted.
s In another embodiment the invention provides a computer rapid boot method including the following steps: providing a volatile memory and a power source to store computer boot information; providing an interface converter for a format conversion of a transmission signal between the volatile memory and a transmission interface; reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interface and the interface converter, enabling the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory; and accessing the computer boot information stored in the main memory to boot the computer.
In another embodiment the invention provides a computer rapid boot method including the following steps: providing a volatile memory and a power source to store computer boot information; providiiig an. interface converter for a format conversion of a transmission signal between the volatile memory and a disk array controller, wherein the disk array controller controls the signal transmission of a plurality of transmission interfaces; reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interfaces, the disk array controller and the interface converter, and then enabling the computer boot infomiation to be stored in the main memory; and executing the computer boot infbrmation stored in the main memory to boot the computer.
To provide a further understanding of the invention, the following detailed description illustrates embodiments and examples of the invention, this detailed description being non-limiting and provided only for illustration.
A brief introduction of the drawings is as follows: FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a computer rapid boot system used in accordance with the present invention; FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of the computer rapid boot system used in accordance with the present invention; FIG. 3 is a flowchart of steps performed in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the present invention for booting a computer; FIG. 4 is a flowchart of steps according to one embodiment of the present invention for shutting down a computer; FIG. 5 is a flowchart of steps according to another embodiment of the present invention for shutting down a computer.
FIG. 1 illustrates a computer rapid boot system in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. Some of the elements of a computer host, as indicated by the general reference character 10, configured to support the present invention, are shown in FIG. 1. The computer host 10 includes a central - processing unit (CPU) 11, a transmission interface 20, an interface converter 21, a volatile memory 22, a power source 23, a main memory 30 and a basic input output system (BIOS) 31. The CPU 11 is provided fOr controlling data transmission between the volatile memory 22 and the main memory 30. The present invention utilizes the memory with the fastest access speed as the computer boot device for an operating system to rapidly' boot the computer, thereby solving the conventional disadvantage of the hard disk drive with a slower access speed, In this embodiment the volatile memory 22 stores the infonnation that is needed to boot the computer and isusedbecause its access speed is faster than that of the non-volatile memory.. The computer boot information stored in the volatile memory 22 includes a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of the operating system (such as Windows, 0S2 or Linux) and can also be a boot image file. The boot image file is transformed according to an action program, data or a distributed address or the status of related information of the main memory 30 in the computer boot status. Furthermore, when the computer is booted, the boot image file can be directly restored to the original status in the main memory 30. The volatile memory 22 can be a dynamic random access memory (DRAM).
In order to satisfr the requirements of the computer rapid boot, the CPU 11 accesses the data information of the volatile memory 22 through the transmission interface 20. The transmission interface 20 is a serial ATA (SATA) interface or a PCI-express (PCI-E) mterface which provide a rapid data transmission. The interface converter 21 is for providing format conversion of the transmissiOn signal between the transmission interface 20 and the volatile memory 22, so that the CPU 11 can rapidly access data stored in the volatile memory 22.
Additionally, in order to ensure that the volatile memory 22 is not affected by shutting down the cothputer, causing the data stored in the volatile memory 22 to be lost, the power source 23 provides sufficient power for the volatile memory 22 to retain the data when the computer shuts down. The power source 23 of the present invention is acquired through 5 Vsb (standing by) power of a power supply.
The main memory 30 is used for enabling the CPU 11 to access the executing program or information. When booting the computer, the main memory 30 can store the computer boot information. The main memory 30 can be a DRAM module, a DDRAM module or a RAM BUS module.
When booting a conventional computer, the BIOS will designate one of the aócess devices with- a lower access speed (such as a disk diive, a harddisk drive, an optical-disk drive or an Internet card, etc.), to act as a computer boot device. In the present invention, the volatile memory 22 is designated as a computer boot device by the BIOS 31. When booting the computer, the CPU ii will read the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory 22, and enable the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory 30.
It will finally execute the computer boot information to finish booting the computer. Therefore, by rapidly accessing the memory the computer boot speed will be raised.
In addition, an interface card comprised of the volatile memory 22 and the interface converter 21 can be inserted into the PCI-B interface of the computer. Alternatively, the volatilt memory 22 and the interface converter 21 can be built-in to the motherboard to connect to a serial ATA (SATA) interface.
FIG. 2 illustrates a computer rapid boot system in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention, In the second embodiment the s transmission technique of redundant array of independent disks is used to separate infomiatioji into a plurality of parts for simultaneously transmission, thereby increasing the data accessing speed. In FIG. 2, a. plurality of transmjssioji interfaces 20 are used, and a disk array controller 24 controls the signal transmission of the transmission interfaces 20. The interface converter 21 provides format conversion for the transmission signal between the volatile memory 22 and the disk array controller 24. Therefore, the computer boot speed of the second embodiment is faster than that of the first embodiment.
FIG 3 is a flowchart of the steps performed in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention for booting a computer. The flowchart includes the following steps: providing a volatile memory 22 for storing computer boot information (5301); designating the volatile memory 22 as a computer boot device through a basio input output system (BIOS) (S303); reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory 22 via the CPU 11(305); storing the computer boot information into the main memory 30 (S307); and finally, executing the computer boot mformation stored m the mam memory 30 for rapidly booting the computer (S309).
In the present invention, the computer boot information can be a plurality of boot files. However, the general computer boot information will be changed as the status of the computer interior installation or the software used on the computer changes. For example, the computer boot information will change its active files or relation files when installing new software or new hardware, or when renewing the operating system.
FIG 4 is a flowchart of tbe steps aocordingto one embodiment of the present invention for shutting down the computer. The plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of the operating system will be stored into the volatile memory 22 before shutting down the computer (S401). Thus, the changed computer boot infonnation will be executed the next time the computer is booted, thereby achieving a faster computer boot.
FIG S is a flowchart of the steps according to another embodiment of the present invention for shutting down the computer. The computer boot information stored in the main memory 30 will be transformed as a boot image file before the computer shuts down (S501), then the boot image file is stored into the volatile memory 22 (S503). Thus, the computer boot inf'onnation in the boot image file will be restored into the main memory 30, thereby bypassing the step of executing the computer boot information of the hard disk drive and booting the computer more rapidly.
There has thus been described a new, novel and heretofore unobvious computer rapid boot system and method, which eliminates the aforesaid problem of the prior art. Furthermore, those skilled m the art will readily appreciate that the above description is only illustrative of specific embodiments and examples of the invention. The invention should therefore cover various modifications and variations made to the hereindescribôd structure and operations of the invention, provided they fall within the scope of the invention as defmed in the following appended claims.
Reference numerals Invention computer host 10 central processing unit 11 transmission interface 20 interface convefler 21 volatile memory 22 power source 23 disk airay controller 24 main memory 30 basic input output system 31 S301: providing a volatile memory for storing computer boot infonnation S303: designating the volatile niemoiy as a computer boot device through a basic input output system (BIOS) S305: reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory S307: storing the computer boot information into the main memory S309: executing the computer boot inforrnation stored in the main memory for rapidly booting the computer S401: storing the computer boot information into the volatile memory S501: transforming the computer boot information stored in the main memory as a boot image file S 503: storing the boot image file into the volatile memory

Claims (25)

  1. CLAIMS: I. A computer rapid boot system comprising: a transmission
    interface; a volatile memory for storing computer boot information; a power source for providing power to the volatile memory; an interface converter for providing format conversion of a fransmission signal between the transmission interface and the volatile memory; a main memory; and a central processing unit for reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interface and the interface converter so as to confrol the booting of the computer, and enable the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory.
  2. 2. The computer rapid boot system of claim 1, wherein the transmission interface is a serial ATA (SATA) interface or a PCI-express (PCI-E) interface.
  3. 3. The computer rapid boot system of claim I or claim 2, wherein the volatile memory is a dynamic random access memory (DRAM).
  4. 4. The computer rapid boot system of any preceding claim, wherein the computer boot information includes a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system.
  5. 5. The computer rapid boot system of any preceding claim, wherein the boot information is a boot image file.
  6. 6. The computer rapid boot system of claim 5, wherein the computer boot information stored in the main memory is transformed into the boot image file according to the status of the computer boot.
  7. 7. The computer rapid boot system of any preceding claim, further comprising a basic input output system (BIOS) for designating the volatile memory as a computerboot d vice.
  8. 8. A computer rapid boot system comprising: a plurality of transmission interfaces; a disk array controller for controlling the signal transmission of the transmission interfaces; a volatile memory for storing computer boot information; a power source for providing power to the volatile memory; an interface converter for providing format conversion of a transmission signal between the volatile memory and the disk array controller; a mam memory; and a central processing unit for reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interfaces and the disk array controller so as to control the booting of the computer, and then enabling the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory.
  9. 9. The computer rapid boot system of claim 8, wherein the transmission interface is a serial ATA (SATA) interface or PCI-express (PCI-B) interface.
  10. 10. The computer rapid boot system of claim 8 or claim 9, wherein the volatile memory is a dynamic random access memory (DRAM).
  11. 11. The computer rapid boot system of any of claims 8 to 10, wherein the computer boot information includes a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system.
  12. 12. The computer rapid boot system of any of claims 8 to 11, wherein the boot information is a boot image file.
  13. 13. The computer rapid boot system of claim 12, wherein the computer boot information stored in the main memory is transformed into the boot image file according to the status of the computer boot.
  14. 14. The computer rapid boot system of any of claims 8 to 13, further comprising a basic input output system (BIOS) for designating the volatile memory as a computer boot device.
  15. 15. A computer rapid boot method comprising: providing a volatile memory and a power source to store computer boot infomiation; providing an interface converter for converting the format of a transmission signal between the volatile memory and a transmission interface; reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interface and the interface converter, and then enabling the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory; and executing the computer boot information stored in the main memory for booting the computer.
  16. 16. The computer rapid boot method of claim 15, wherein the computer boot information includes a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system.
  17. 17. The computer rapid boot method of claim 15 or claim 16, wherein the boot information is a boot image file.
  18. 18. The computer rapid boot method of claim 17, wherein the computer boot information stored in the main memory is transformed into the boot image file according to the status of the computer boot.
  19. 19. The computer rapid boot method of any of claims 15 to 18, further comprising: designating the volatile memory as a computer boot device through a basic input output system (BIOS).
  20. 20. The computer rapid boot method of any of claims 15 to 19, further comprising: transforming the computer boot information stored in the main memory as the boot image file in shutdown; storing the boot image file in the volatile memory.
  21. 21. The computer rapid boot method of any of claims 15 to 20, further comprising: storing a plurality of boot files, entry iiles, active flls or relation files of an operating system in the volatile memory in shutdown.
  22. 22. A computer rapid boot method comprising: providing a volatile memory and a power source to store computer boot information; providing an interface converter for converting the format of a transmission signal between the volatile memory and a disk array controller, wherein the disk anay controller controls signal transmission of a plurality of transmission interfaces; reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interfaces, the disk array controller and the interface converter, and then enabling the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory; and executing the computer boot information stored in the main memory for booting the computer.
  23. 23. The computer rapid boot method of claim 22, wherein the computer boot information includes a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system.
  24. 24. The computer rapid boot method of claim 22 or claim 23, wherein the boot information is a boot image file.
  25. 25. A method of shutting down a computer substantially as described hereinabove with reference to Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
    25. The computer rapid boot method of claim 24, wherein the boot image file is transformed fro the computer boot information stored in the main memory according to the status of the computer boot.
    26. The computer rapid boot method of any of claims 22 to 25, further comprising: designating the volatile memory as a computer boot device through a basic input output system (BIOS).
    27. The computer rapid boot method of any of claims 22 to 26, further comprising: transforming the computer boot information stored in the main memory into the boot image file when shutting down the computer; storing the boot image file in the volatile memory.
    28. The computer rapid boot method of any of claims 22 to 27, further comprising: storing a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system in the volatile memory when shutting down the computer.
    29. A booting arrangement for a computer, the arrangement comprising a volatile memory having booting information stored therein, a power supply arranged to energise the volatile memory to preserve said booting information when the computer is shut down, and a processor arranged to read said booting information from said volatile memory into the computer main memory during booting.
    30. A booting arrangement substantially as described hereinabove with reference to Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 or 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
    31. A computer having a rapid booting arrangement as claimed in any of claims 1 to 14, 29 or3O.
    32. A method of rapid booting a computer wherein booting information is read from a volatile memory which is maintained energised when the computer is shut down into main memory of the computer.
    33. A method of rapid booting a computer, the method substantially as described hereinabove with reference to Figures 1 and 3 or 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
    34. A method of shutting down a computer wherein boot files are written into volatile memory and booting information is maintained therein by energising said volatile memory during and after shut down.
    35. A method of shutting down a computer substantially as described hereinabove with reference to Figure 4 or Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
    Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows CLAIMS: 1. A computer rapid boot system comprising: a transmission interface; a volatile memory for storing computer boot information; a power source for providing power to the volatile memory; an interface converter for providing format conversion of a transmission signal between the transmission interface and the volatile memory; a main memory; and a central processing unit for reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interface and the interface converter so as to control the booting of the comprner, and arranged to transform the computer boot information stored in the main memory into a boot image file and to store the boot image file in the volatile memory.
    2. A computer rapid boot system according to claim 1, wherein the transmission interface is a serial ATA (SATA) interface or a PCI-express (PCI-E) interface.
    3. A computer rapid boot system according to claim I or claim 2, wherein the volatile memory is a dynamic random access memory (DRAM).
    4. A computer rapid boot system according to any preceding claim, wherein the computer boot information includes a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system.
    5. A computer rapid 000t system according to any preceding claim, further comprising a basic input output system (BIOS) for designating the volatile memory as a computer boot device.
    6. A computer rapid boot system comprising: a plurality of transmission interfaces; a disk array controller for controlling the signal transmission of the transmission interfaces; a volatile memory for storing computer boot information; a power source for providing power to the volatile memory; an interface converter for providing format conversion of a transmission signal between the volatile memory and the disk array controller; a main memory; and a central processing unit for reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interfaces and the disk array controller so as to control the booting of the computer, and arranged to transform the computer boot information stored in the main memory; : : into a boot image file and to store the boot image file in the volatile memory.
    7. A computer rapid boot system according to claim 6, wherein the transmission interface is a serial ATA (SATA) interface or PCI-express (PCI-E) interface.
    8. A computer rapid boot system according to claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the volatile memory is a dynamic random access memory (DRAM).
    9. A computer rapid boot system according to any of claims 6 to 8, wherein the computer boot information includes a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system. 2o
    10. A computer rapid boot system according to any of claims 6 to 9, further comprising a basic input output system (BIOS) for designating the volatile memory as a computer boot device.
    11. A computer rapid boot method comprising: providing a volatile memory and a power source to store computer boot information; providing an interface converter for converting the format of a transmission signal between the volatile memory and a transmission interface; reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interface and the interface converter, and then enabling the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory; and executing the computer boot information stored in the main memory for booting the computer; wherein the boot information stored in the main memory is transformed in to a boot image file which is stored in the volatile memory.
    12. A computer rapid boot method according to claim 11, wherein the computer boot:: information includes a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system.
    13. A computer rapid boot method according to any of claims 11 to 12, further comprising: designating the volatile memory as a computer boot device through a basic input output system (BIOS).
    14. A computer rapid boot method of any of claims 11 to 13, further comprising: transforming the computer boot information stored in the main memory into the boot image file during shutdown; storing the boot image file in the volatile memory.
    15. A computer rapid boot method according to any of claims 11 to 14, further comprising: storing a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system in the volatile memory during shutdown.
    16. A computer rapid boot method comprising: providing a volatile memory and a power source to store computer boot information; providing an interface converter for converting the format of a transmission signal between the volatile memory and a disk array controller, wherein the disk array controller controls signal transmission ofa plurality of transmission interfaces; reading the computer boot information stored in the volatile memory via the transmission interfaces, the disk array controller and the interface converter, and then enabling the computer boot information to be stored in the main memory; and executing the computer boot information stored in the main memory for booting the computer; wherein the boot information stored in the main memory is transformed into a boot image file which is stored in the volatile memory.
    17. A computer rapid boot method according to claim 16, wherein the computer boot information includes a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system.
    18. A computer rapid boot method according to any of claims 16 to 17, further comprising: designating the volatile memory as a computer boot device through a basic input output system (BIOS).
    19. A computer rapid boot method according to any of claims 16 to 18, further comprising: transforming the computer boot information stored in the main memory into the boot image file when shutting down the computer; storing the boot image file in the volatile memory.
    20. A computer rapid boot method according to any of claims 16 to 19, further comprising: * storing a plurality of boot files, entry files, active files or relation files of an operating system in the volatile memory when shutting down the computer. : 21. A booting arrangement for a computer, the arrangement comprising a volatile memory having booting information stored therein, a power supply arranged to energise:::: (C C
    C C
    the volatile memory to preserve said booting information when the computer is shut C down, and a processor arranged to transform said booting information into a boot image file, to store said boot image file in said volatile memory and, during booting to read said hoot image files from said volatile memory into the computer main memory.
    22. A booting arrangement substantially as described hereinabove with reference to Figures 1, 3 and 5 or 2, 3 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
    23. A computer having a rapid booting arrangement as claimed in any of claims 1 to 10,21 or22.
    24. A method of shutting down a computer wherein booting information is transformed into a boot image file and written into volatile memory, and booting information is maintained in the volatile memory by energising said volatile memory during and after shut down.
GB0504328A 2005-03-02 2005-03-02 Computer rapid boot and shutdown system and method Expired - Fee Related GB2424492B (en)

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GB2424492B (en) 2007-02-14

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