GB2412817A - BT-WLAN coexistence interface signalling to reduce mutual interference in a dual mode terminal - Google Patents

BT-WLAN coexistence interface signalling to reduce mutual interference in a dual mode terminal Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2412817A
GB2412817A GB0405385A GB0405385A GB2412817A GB 2412817 A GB2412817 A GB 2412817A GB 0405385 A GB0405385 A GB 0405385A GB 0405385 A GB0405385 A GB 0405385A GB 2412817 A GB2412817 A GB 2412817A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
wlan
slot
status
signal
short range
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Withdrawn
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GB0405385A
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GB0405385D0 (en
Inventor
Pekko Orava
Stephen Raphael
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Nokia Oyj
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Nokia Oyj
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Priority to GB0405385A priority Critical patent/GB2412817A/en
Publication of GB0405385D0 publication Critical patent/GB0405385D0/en
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Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A mobile station comprises a cellular transceiver, a first short range transceiver, (e.g. WLAN) a second short range transceiver (e.g. Bluetooth), and control circuitry responsive to information received from the first and second short range transceivers for controlling the second short range transceiver. In particular the control circuitry is responsive to priority information and transmit timing information received from the second short range transceiver for controlling the second short range transceiver.

Description

241281 7 PAT 04001 GB BT-WLAN COEXISTENCE INTERFACE SIGNALLING [CXS]
Invention Background
WLAN and BTH share the same frequency band, and if the two devices operate within a couple of metres of each other, then the throughput is severely compromised, and in the case of BTH audio, you can hear interference. The IEEE propose a number of methods to allow coexistence of BTH and WLAN. This document proposes some improvements to these methods.
This document specifies a Coexistence Signaling Interface [CXS] between BT and WLAN modules to facilitate collocation in a multimode terminal. The signaling interface allows use of time-sharing algorithms to share bandwidth and to reduce her interference between WLAN and BT transceivers to manageable levels thus allowing simultaneous use from the user viewpoint. The interface has 3 - 4 signal lines, : .. depending on the options that are implemented. .
WLAN and BT transceivers collocated in a multimode terminal are subject to it, , 20 interference from the other transceiver operating at the same time. The types of the Ale. . interference can be classified to as external interference and internal interference.
External interference originates from the other BT and WLAN terminals operating in the near vicinity of the victim transceiver whereas internal interference is radiated from the transceiver (e.g. BT) in the same terminal as the victim transceiver (e.g. WLAN). ire
''SV = V: = / interfere arm YBT) Figure 1. BT-WLAN interference scenarios Every BT- WLAN coexistence scheme must have means to mitigate both external and internal interference. NMP target requirement is to enable use of BT voice- connection at usable quality at the same time as WLAN data transfer (typical application: WWW) at reduced but sufficient rates is possible. To achieve the goal, it is believed that the following functionality is required: Time-sharing on MAC and BB layer utilizing coexistence signaling BT1.2 eSCO and AFH BT module for integrated WLAN-BT terminal shall have BT1.2 eSCO and AFH functions included. However, the interference mitigation scheme must provide compatibility with legacy BT1. 1 devices.
as or 1O Pr eel e eeea e. e see :e e e . t es ' e e
BT-WLAN Coexistence Implementation Framework The coexistence framework is based on IEEE802.15.2 Recommended Practice packet traffic arbitration (PTA) scheme, see Figure 2. PTA control state machine operates inside the WLAN chipset. In the proposed scheme, the WLAN chipset is the master. BT module operates as a slave to the PTA control module, keeping the required changes and additional functionality to the minimum in the BT module.
WLAN chip set (master)
WLAN PTA BT
MAC control _ TX_CONFX (slave)
RF_ACTIVE
- _ STATUS
_ \ FRED Host, < WLAN state: mode, channel, etc. ( BT state: mode, hop set, etc. \\ restricted channel set . : .
Figure 2. BT-WLAN coexistence framework The Bluetooth module signals its real time status to the PTA control module using three signals. The PTA control module can prevent the Bluetooth radio from transmitting by deasserting one control signal.
Real time WLAN status information is available inside the WLAN chipset. Examples of possible information are available in the IEEE802.15.2 Recommended Practice.
Additional non-real time status information may be entered to the PTA control module. This information could for example includes, but is not limited to, current WLAN channel and current WLAN operation mode (idle, best-effort traffic, QoS, etc.), BT operation mode (idle, SCO, eSCO, ACL, page, master/slave), BT1.2 AFH hop set, etc. The nature of this information is non-real time and therefore it is sufficient to transfer this information to the PTA control module from the BT and WLAN drivers across the host interfaces.
PTA control module makes decisions to cancel Bluetooth or WLAN transmissions based on the available information. It is recommended that outgoing best effort WLAN data has the lowest priority, and WLAN acknowledgement frames have priority over all Bluetooth traffic. These and other priorities, as well as algorithm implementation of the PTA control module are up to the WLAN module supplier. It is however highly recommended that the relative priorities of the various packet types are configurable in both the BTH and WLAN devices.
Coexistence Signalling Interface Coexistence Signalling Electrical Implementation . The coexistence signals between the BT and WLAN module are powered from the e.
. system wide 1.8V l/O supply (used for the host interfaces HIF as well). The l/O supply is always connected, independent of module core voltages. The modules shall . 15 allow the l/O supply and core to be powered independently. Input pins should have . integrated pull-downs. Optional pull-down resistors can be added to the signals if integrated pull-downs are not implementable. Input pins shall tolerate long rise/fall . . time transitions (due to optional EMI filtering). . . .
V_l/O 1.8V 1 WLAN 7 BT | I | _ Optional EMI _
TX_CONF _
Host: - , _ Figure 3. Coexistence signalling interface Packet Traffic Arbitration Signalling Interface Signals and their functions are listed in Table 1. Polarities of the signals are selected so that when pulled down, both systems operate independently.
Table 1. Signalling between BT and WLAN modules
Signal Direction Description
RF_ACTIVE From BT Asserted (logic high) during local BT RX and TX slots.
STATUS From BT Used to signal BT priority status and BT : RX/TX status to PTA. Further
description follows.
: TX_CONFX To BT Transmission confirmation; Permission for BT to transmit = logic low.
Freq From BT Used to indicate to the PTA that the BT : . . device is about to transmit on a . .: restricted channel.
Invention Previous schemes that we are aware of simply signal priority of a BTH transaction, along with a signal to delimit the transaction (RF_ACTIVE line), to the Packet traffic arbitration entity. This is rather inefficient as it is perfectly possible for BTH and WEAN to receive at the same time whilst not interfering with each other, and hence reclaim precious throughput. What's then needed is information about when the BTH is transmitting, and when the BTH is receiving. This could be accomplished by adding a separate signal line from the BTH to the PTA, but pins on devices are precious, and instead we have implemented the scheme such that the RX/TX indication is multiplexed with the priority indication of the BTH transaction (STATUS line). This saves a signal and a pin on each device.
The scheme describes at which points in relation to the transaction the BTH device must use the Status line to indicate priority of the transaction, and at which points prior and during the transaction the status line must indicate whether the BTH is about to transmit or receive. Furthermore, the scheme dictates the restrictions on when the PTA can command the BTH device to cancel the transmit operation.
Signalling of Priority IEEE802.15.2 Recommended Practice gives some guidelines how BT and WLAN transactions should be prioritized. Based on the guidelines, the signaling of the BT priority using the STATUS signal can be defined. It is proposed that high priority slots . include all SCO, ID, and FHS slots, although, there are most likely other packet types a to be considered as well. As suggested previously, the priority of the various packets ë should be programmable.
: *. . 15 ë.
A. Operation of the PTA Signals
RF_ACTIVE . .
. The signal RF_ACTIVE is asserted prior to a BT transaction and it remains active for the duration of the transaction. Transaction is here defined as a polling slot(s) and immediately following response slot(s). Retransmissions should be treated as separate transactions. During the periods of increased hop rate (e.g. page), each TX/RX slot pair form a transaction. The RF_ACTIVE signal shall be de-asserted between back-toback transactions.
The signal RF_ACTIVE shall be substantially synchronized to the BT slot timing. The signal RF_ACTIVE shall be asserted before the beginning of the transaction. The RF_ACTIVE signal synchronizes the PTA module to the BT slots for the duration of each transaction. RF_ACTIVE can be de- asserted by the BT device immediately following a state event such as the expiry of the BT RX search window.
STATUS
[This describes the detailed operation of the invention in functional terms, i.e. no specific timing values given yet.] The STATUS line is used to signal both the priority of the pending transaction and also the RX/TX status during the transaction.
The priority of the transaction is signaled by the STATUS signal for a defined duration after the RF_ACTIVE is asserted. The PTA will sample the priority status during this defined window. After signaling of the priority, the STATUS line signals the RX/TX mode of the BT radio.
RX slot rx slot BT activity RF_ACTIVE 11 i2 i3 i4 STATUS t2a i3 i4 (1 wpri) STATUS 5 t2a i3 i4 1O (high pri) Figure 4. Signaling for transaction with RX at first slot . .e Operation of the signals for transactions starting with an RX slot is shown in Figure 4. ë
The RF_ACTIVE is asserted before the first slot of the transaction begins. For a high priority transaction, STATUS is pulsed high after RF_ACTIVE going high (case 5).
If the BT search window expires (case 1), RF_ACTIVE is de-asserted.
If no transmission is needed, RF_ACTIVE is de-asserted at the end of the RX slot(s) (case 2).
If transmission is needed, the RF_ACTIVE remains asserted. The STATUS signal is asserted to indicate TX mode change (example: case 2a). Note: the STATUS signal may be asserted as early as the start of the RX slot (see detailed timings in Figure 6). Signal RF_ACTIVE remains active until the end of the TX activity in the last slot (case 3: single-slot frame; Case 4: three-slot frame. Five-slot operations follow the same pattern.).
: TX slot: RX slot: BTactivit,v RF_ACTIVE it 12 is 14
STATUS
(low pri) , .
STATUS
(high pri) Figure 5. Signalling for transaction with TX at first slot Figure 5 shows the signaling for the transactions starting with a TX slot. The priority is signaled as earlier. The RX mode is indicated by deasserting the STATUS signal before the start of the first RXslot (example: case 2a). Signal RF_ACTIVE remains .
asserted over the expected duration of the slave response: Case 1: No response . expected; Case 2: Response expected, but search window expires before response . is detected; Case 3: One-slot response; Case 4: Three-slot response. .. . .
TX_CONFX e I.
. Active low signal TX_CONFX is de-asserted (logic high) when the PTA module wants .
to prevent BT module transmission. The BT module shall not initiate a transmission when the TX_CONFX is de-asserted. The BT device samples the TX_CONFX prior to a TX slot. The TX_CONFX signal may be de-asserted by the PTA at any time after priority status indication, but no later than a defined time (T5) before the start of the first TX slot.
If TX_CONFX is de-asserted during an ongoing BT transmission, the BT transmission may be continued to the end as scheduled.
FREQ (optional) The optional frequency overlap signal FREQ is asserted (logic high) when the BT transceiver hops into the restricted channels defined by the coexistence mechanism.
FREQ follows the timings of the STATUS signal during TX/RX mode indication.
FREQ may operate independently of RF_ACTIVE. During the periods of increased hop rate, FREQ signal shall be asserted for the next slot if at least one of the hops uses a restricted channel.
The restricted channels can be defined as lower and upper limit between which the FREQ is asserted or as a channel mask (bit vector, etc. TED). The information on the restricted channels is entered to the BT module through the host interface.
Simplified Mode of Operation Optionally, a simplified signaling scheme, not transferring information on the TX/RX status may be used. In this mode, the STATUS signal is used only for priority . signaling and is kept asserted for the duration of the transaction. In this case the I. STATUS signal assertion shall follow the timings for the RF_ACTIVE. ë
: .. 15 APPENDIX: Timing Diagram .
. [These are the detailed timings that should be observed.] . .. Figure 6 illustrates the details of the coexistence signal timing. Changes of the .. . STATUS, FREQ and TX_CONFX signals may be different to those shown, depending on the transaction details.
slot [N-1] l. slot [Nl - | i BT slot timer _
STATUS
TX_CONFX
Figure 6. Detail of signal timing in relation to BT slot timing The PTA logic detects the rising edge of the RF_ACTIVE signal and from this determines the start of a BT transaction. RF active may be asserted no earlier than T1 max and no later than T1 min before the start of the first BT slot. RF_ACTIVE shall be de-asserted within TO after the last RX or TX activity of the transaction has ended.
The STATUS signal shall indicate the priority of a transaction for the duration of [T2 - T7] after RF_ACTIVE going high. After T7 the Status line will indicate the RX/TX mode of the subsequent slot(s). The STATUS signal shall be set to reflect the RX/TX mode for the next slot N no later than T3 from the start of slot N-1. FREQ follows the timings of the STATUS during the RX/TX mode indication.
If the PTA wishes to prevent a BT transmission, then it must assert the TX_CONFX signal at least T5 before the start of the BT transmit slot. The BT device will sample the TX_CONFX signal T5 (or shortly after) before the start of the transmit slot in order to determine whether transmission is allowed.
*lo. The PTA may only change the TX_CONFX signal outside of the T5 window prior to the start of a TX slot. ë
: .. 15 Table 2. Timing parameters for CXS signals in microseconds . e.
Parameter Win Max Notes | T1 150 200 T3 05 47O5 T4 55 For reference only, must T5 75 meet T5.
TO 25 T7 1 Trise/fall 0.3 At inputs of PTA logic and BT module

Claims (2)

e: eee ee. :: t. :e . . CLAIMS
1. A mobile station comprising a cellular transceiver, a first short range transceiver, a second short range transceiver, and control circuitry responsive to information received from the first and second short range transceivers for controlling the second short range transceiver, characterized in that the control circuitry is responsive to priority information and transmit timing information received from the second short range transceiver for controlling the second short range transceiver.
2. A mobile station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the priority information and transmit timing information are received as a multiplexed signal from the second short range transceiver.
GB0405385A 2004-03-10 2004-03-10 BT-WLAN coexistence interface signalling to reduce mutual interference in a dual mode terminal Withdrawn GB2412817A (en)

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WO2008041071A2 (en) 2006-10-03 2008-04-10 Nokia Corporation System for managing radio modems
WO2007132317A3 (en) * 2006-05-11 2008-04-10 Nokia Coporation Multiradio control interface element in modem
WO2007141609A3 (en) * 2006-06-02 2008-04-17 Nokia Coporation Radio transmission scheduling according to multiradio control in a radio modem
WO2007132319A3 (en) * 2006-05-11 2008-06-12 Nokia Corp Controlling radio modems in a device to avoid interference
WO2008132549A2 (en) 2006-07-20 2008-11-06 Nxp, B.V. Coexistance device communication
WO2009002956A1 (en) * 2007-06-25 2008-12-31 Qualcomm Incorporated Graceful coexistence for multiple communication protocols
EP2051551A2 (en) * 2007-10-18 2009-04-22 Broadcom Corporation System and method for improving bluetooth performance in the presence of a coexistent, non-bluetooth, wireless device
WO2010148100A1 (en) * 2009-06-16 2010-12-23 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for dynamic and dual antenna bluetooth (bt)/wlan coexistence
US7978137B2 (en) 2006-09-15 2011-07-12 Nokia Corporation Performance and power management in direction of arrival determination by utilizing sensor information
WO2012019143A1 (en) * 2010-08-05 2012-02-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus to facilitate support for multi-radio coexistence
CN101287205B (en) * 2008-05-16 2012-03-28 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 Multi standby Bluetooth implementing method, system and mobile communication terminal
EP2460387A2 (en) * 2009-07-31 2012-06-06 Intel Corporation Coexistence interface for multiple radio modules using a reduced number of connections
US8885561B2 (en) 2011-03-30 2014-11-11 Qualcomm Incorporated Multi-radio coexistence
US8903314B2 (en) 2009-10-29 2014-12-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Bluetooth introduction sequence that replaces frequencies unusable due to other wireless technology co-resident on a bluetooth-capable device
US9130656B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2015-09-08 Qualcomm Incorporated Multi-radio coexistence
US9135197B2 (en) 2009-07-29 2015-09-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Asynchronous interface for multi-radio coexistence manager
US9148889B2 (en) 2009-06-01 2015-09-29 Qualcomm Incorporated Control of multiple radios using a database of interference-related information
US9161232B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2015-10-13 Qualcomm Incorporated Decentralized coexistence manager for controlling operation of multiple radios
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US9185718B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2015-11-10 Qualcomm Incorporated Centralized coexistence manager for controlling operation of multiple radios
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US7978137B2 (en) 2006-09-15 2011-07-12 Nokia Corporation Performance and power management in direction of arrival determination by utilizing sensor information
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EP2070351A4 (en) * 2006-10-03 2014-05-14 Nokia Corp System for managing radio modems
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WO2008041071A2 (en) 2006-10-03 2008-04-10 Nokia Corporation System for managing radio modems
WO2009002956A1 (en) * 2007-06-25 2008-12-31 Qualcomm Incorporated Graceful coexistence for multiple communication protocols
EP2051551A2 (en) * 2007-10-18 2009-04-22 Broadcom Corporation System and method for improving bluetooth performance in the presence of a coexistent, non-bluetooth, wireless device
CN101287205B (en) * 2008-05-16 2012-03-28 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 Multi standby Bluetooth implementing method, system and mobile communication terminal
US8412263B2 (en) 2008-12-04 2013-04-02 Intel Corporation Coexistence interface for multiple radio modules using a reduced number of connections
US9148889B2 (en) 2009-06-01 2015-09-29 Qualcomm Incorporated Control of multiple radios using a database of interference-related information
US9155103B2 (en) 2009-06-01 2015-10-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Coexistence manager for controlling operation of multiple radios
WO2010148100A1 (en) * 2009-06-16 2010-12-23 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for dynamic and dual antenna bluetooth (bt)/wlan coexistence
US8594056B2 (en) 2009-06-16 2013-11-26 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for dynamic and dual antenna bluetooth (BT)/WLAN coexistence
US9161232B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2015-10-13 Qualcomm Incorporated Decentralized coexistence manager for controlling operation of multiple radios
US9185718B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2015-11-10 Qualcomm Incorporated Centralized coexistence manager for controlling operation of multiple radios
US9135197B2 (en) 2009-07-29 2015-09-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Asynchronous interface for multi-radio coexistence manager
EP2460387A2 (en) * 2009-07-31 2012-06-06 Intel Corporation Coexistence interface for multiple radio modules using a reduced number of connections
EP2460387A4 (en) * 2009-07-31 2012-12-05 Intel Corp Coexistence interface for multiple radio modules using a reduced number of connections
US9185719B2 (en) 2009-08-18 2015-11-10 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for mapping applications to radios in a wireless communication device
US8903314B2 (en) 2009-10-29 2014-12-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Bluetooth introduction sequence that replaces frequencies unusable due to other wireless technology co-resident on a bluetooth-capable device
WO2012019143A1 (en) * 2010-08-05 2012-02-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus to facilitate support for multi-radio coexistence
US9277564B2 (en) 2010-08-05 2016-03-01 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus to facilitate support for multi-radio coexistence
US9130656B2 (en) 2010-10-13 2015-09-08 Qualcomm Incorporated Multi-radio coexistence
DE112012000992B4 (en) 2011-02-24 2018-05-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Radio communication device, radio communication system and frequency allocation method
US8885561B2 (en) 2011-03-30 2014-11-11 Qualcomm Incorporated Multi-radio coexistence

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