GB2395530A - A ring gasket comprising a high strength core material and an outer layer of a different material - Google Patents
A ring gasket comprising a high strength core material and an outer layer of a different material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2395530A GB2395530A GB0227184A GB0227184A GB2395530A GB 2395530 A GB2395530 A GB 2395530A GB 0227184 A GB0227184 A GB 0227184A GB 0227184 A GB0227184 A GB 0227184A GB 2395530 A GB2395530 A GB 2395530A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- gasket
- outer layer
- seal
- core
- core material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/26—Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
- E21B43/013—Connecting a production flow line to an underwater well head
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
- F16J15/0806—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing characterised by material or surface treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L23/00—Flanged joints
- F16L23/16—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means
- F16L23/18—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means the sealing means being rings
- F16L23/20—Flanged joints characterised by the sealing means the sealing means being rings made exclusively of metal
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
A ring gasket comprises a substantially annular core 8 of a high mechanical strength material, e.g. a high yield steel alloy, covered with an outer layer 9 of a different, softer material, e.g. a nickel alloy, suitable for forming metal to metal seals. The outer layer 9 is joined to the core 8 by the process of diffusion bonding.
Description
RING GASKET
The present invention relates to a ring gasket.
Underwater connections between flexible flow-lines and installations such as manifolds and weliheads are sealed by use of a seal plate and ring gasket, which are held together by two hubs, an inboard hub and an outboard hub. The hubs and gasket are aligned and drawn together by remotely operated tooling and then locked 10 together using a clamp. The clamp is in two halves and is mounted, in readiness, on the inboard hub. As the clamp is made up its internal profile mates with the matching profile on each hub, drawing them together to effect final closure whilst simultaneously 'energising' the ring gasket to effect a seal. This prior art is depicted
in accompanying figures 1 and 2, which show an inboard hub 1, seal plate 5, 15 outboard hub 2, and ring gasket 6. Figure 2 shows a part crosssectional view of the components of figure 1 in an assembled state with a clamp 7 in place.
Ring gaskets are annular in shape, and designed to fit into a profiled surface machined into connectors such as flanges or hubs. Conventionally these gaskets 20 are made of one material, often a nickel alloy, chosen for its non-corrosive properties and its slight malleability such that during clamping 'coining' occurs, that is the À.. gasket is plastically deformed against the profiled surface of a connector to make a ^....' metal to metal seal. Conventionally these gaskets have a metallic or nonmetallic external coating in the order of microns in thickness to lubricate the highly loaded .. 25 surfaces during energization and deenergization; and to fill the microscopic defects À À in the contact surface to make for a more hermetic seal. Examples of these coatings À.: include PTFE and silver. A problem with conventional ring gaskets, however is that .. ^.: concomitant with malleability comes weakness. This is not an issue when .. considering the ability of conventional gaskets to seal internal pressure or external 30 pressure due to hydrostatic head at moderate water depths. At greater depths external water pressure can act to deform the gasket and break the external seal.
The present invention seeks to increase the operating depth of underwater connections employing ring gaskets without substantially increasing the gasket section. 5 According to the present invention there is provided a ring gasket comprising a core of a first, hard, material to provide the gasket with structural strength, and an outer layer of a second, softer, deformable material intended to facilitate formation of a watertight seal between the gasket and a contact surface.
10 This construction provides a gasket with the strength to operate under greater pressure and hence at greater depths than conventional gaskets, whilst at the same time including a deformable material such that an effective seal can be formed.
Preferably the core is substantially annular in shape.
Preferably the core material is a metal or metal alloy, more preferably a high yield metal alloy such as steel alloy 8630.
Preferably the outer layer material is a metal or metal alloy, and is preferably suitable 20. for forming a metal to metal seal with fluid flow connectors. A suitable metal alloy is a À À nickel alloy, such as nickel alloy 825.
À À ee. À.. Preferably the outer layer material entirely covers the core material. However, this is not necessary for the present invention to work. At a minimum the outer layer 25 material should cover the areas of the gasket which, in use, are to contact another surface to form a seal. Preferably the outer layer material covers at least an outer À circumferential surface of the gasket.
Preferably the outer layer material covering areas of the gasket which, in use, are to 30 contact another surface to form a seal is at least at least 0.1 mm thick and still more preferably at least 1 mm thick.
Where the core material and outer layer material are metals or metal alloys they are preferably joined by diffusion bonding.
. 3ferably the gasket has a metallic or non-metallic external coating in the order of microns in thickness to lubricate the highly loaded surfaces during energization and de-energization; and to fill the microscopic defects in the contact surface to make for 5 a more hermetic seal. Example coating materials include Silver and PTFE. The coating is preferably less than 0.01 mm thick.
Preferably the gasket incorporates means to support one or more elastomeric seals.
Such seals enhance quality of seal provided by the gasket, particularly in the event 10 of damage to a surface, for example of a hub, with which the gasket is intended to form a seal. The means may comprise one or more grooves in the surface of the softer layer of material on the outer circumference of the gasket, arranged to accommodate an elastomeric material such as rubber or plastic.
15 In order that the invention may be more clearly understood a specific embodiment thereof will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings of which: Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of an underwater fluid flow connection 20. including a conventional ring gasket; À À À À. Àe À Figure 2 is a side, part cross- sectional view, of the connection of figure 1 in an : assembled state; À A.. À. 25 Figure 3 is a side view of a gasket according to the invention; and Àe À À À À. À. Figure 4 is cross sectional view of the gasket of figure 3 taken along the line A-A of figure 3.
30 Referring to figures 1 and 2 a fluid flow connection comprises an inboard hub 1 and an outboard hub 2 each defining a fluid flow conduit leading to a substantially circular opening. The internal surface 3 of each opening is slightly tapered towards the opening, such that the internal diameter of the fluid flow conduit increases towards the opening. The external surface of the hubs around the opening is also
substantially circular and includes a circumferential radially projecting shoulder 4.
.a front face of the shoulder, adjacent the opening, extends substantially parallel to the opening and the rear face of the shoulder tapers away so that the outer diameter of the hub decreases gradually away from the opening.
To connect the two hubs and seal their respective fluid flow conduits together in fluid flow connection the two hubs are brought together, by means of a clamp 7 which cooperates with the shoulder 4 on each hub, in conjunction with a seal plate 5 and a ring gasket 6. The seal plate 5 is generally annular and is sandwiched between 10 opposed faces of the hubs 1,2. The ring gasket 6 is also generally annular with an outer diameter fractionally smaller than the internal diameter of the seal plate 5 and in use is disposed within the seal plate 5. The outer circumferential surface of the ring gasket 6 is profiled to cooperate with the internal tapered surfaces 3 of the two hubs when they are brought together. The ring gasket 6 is sized so that as the two 15 hubs are drawn together by the clamp 7 the internal tapered surfaces of the hubs exert a radially inward force on the ring gasket 6 causing it to slightly plastically deform and form a substantially fluid tight metal to metal seal with the internal tapered surfaces, thereby effecting a seal between the two hubs.
20. To improve the seal an elastomeric seal may be disposed between the ring gasket À. and the hubs, to provide a secondary seal in addition to the metal to metal seal.
À Àe Ale. The ring gasket illustrated in figures 1 and 2 is conventional and formed entirely of a À.... nickel alloy.
À. À. Referring to figures 3 and 4, a ring gasket of diameter about 25. 4cm according to the invention comprises a substantially annular core 8 of approximately 8 to 10mm in thickness, formed from a high yield steel alloy, such as steel alloy 8630, covered with an outer layer 9 of approximately 2 to 3mm in thickness, of a softer nickel alloy 30 suitable for forming metal to metal seals, such as nickel alloy 825. The nickel alloy also serves to protect the core 8 from corrosion. The outer layer 9 is joined to the core 8 by the process of diffusion bonding.
The outer circumferential edge 10 of the gasket is substantially symmetrical in cross -action, having a central portion extending substantially perpendicular to the plane of the gasket, that portion being flanked on either side by portions tapering to the edge of the gasket, such that the diameter of the gasket is greater at the centre of the 5 gasket than at its edges. This shape enables the gasket to cooperate with the profiled internal surface of fluid flow connections to be sealed together.
Four continuous grooves 11 extend around the outer circumferential edge of the gasket. The two outer grooves accommodate the elastomeric seals 12, and the two 10 inner grooves retain the gasket in the seal plate 5. A single elastomeric seal 12 is shown in figure 4, but does not necessarily have to be included with gasket.
Provision of a high yield core to the gasket increases the compressive force the gasket can withstand compared to conventional gaskets, enabling the gasket to form 15 seals that can withstand higher external and internal pressures, such as are experienced at greater depths below sea level. Providing an outer layer of softer metal enables a metal to metal seal to be formed as well as providing corrosion protection for the core.
20. Although not shown, the gasket may have an external metallic or nonmetallic À. external coating in the order of microns in thickness to lubricate the highly loaded À surfaces during energization and deenergization; and to fill the microscopic defects in the contact surface to make for a more hermetic seal.
Àe.. À 25 The above embodiment is described by way of example only. Many variations are À. possible without departing from the invention.
À À À À
Claims (17)
1. A ring gasket characterized in that it comprises a core material with a high mechanical strength and an outer layer of a different material.
2. A gasket as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the core is substantially annular in
shape.
3. A gasket as in any Claim 1 or 2 wherein the core material is alloy steel.
4. A gasket as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the outer layer material is of a lower mechanical strength than the core material.
5. A gasket as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the outer layer is a nickel alloy.
6. A gasket as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the core metal is alloy steel 8630.
7. A gasket as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the outer metallic layer is nickel alloy 825.
8. A gasket as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the outer layer material entirely covers the core material.
9. A gasket as claimed in Claims 1-7 wherein the outer layer material covers the circumferential surface of the gasket.
10. A gasket as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the outer layer material is at least 0.1 mm thick.
11. A gasket as claimed in Claims 1-9 wherein the outer layer material is at least 1 mm thick.
r
12. A gasket as claimed in any preceding claim whereby the inner core material and the outer layer are joined by diffusion bonding.
13. A gasket as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the gasket has a coating.
14. A gasket as claimed in Claim 13 wherein said coating is less than 0. 01 mm thick.
15. A gasket as claimed in Claim 13 or 14 wherein said coating is silver.
16. A gasket as claimed in Claim 13 or 14 wherein said coating is PTFE.
17. A gasket substantially as described herein with reference to the drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0227184A GB2395530A (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2002-11-21 | A ring gasket comprising a high strength core material and an outer layer of a different material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0227184A GB2395530A (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2002-11-21 | A ring gasket comprising a high strength core material and an outer layer of a different material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0227184D0 GB0227184D0 (en) | 2002-12-24 |
| GB2395530A true GB2395530A (en) | 2004-05-26 |
Family
ID=9948263
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0227184A Withdrawn GB2395530A (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2002-11-21 | A ring gasket comprising a high strength core material and an outer layer of a different material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2395530A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2438631A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-05 | Alan Stewart Paton | A bimetal bore seal for connecting and sealing oil and gas tubular members |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110107247A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-09 | 广州加士特密封技术有限公司 | A kind of slip seals structure |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3989285A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1976-11-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Compatible vacuum seal |
| US4603892A (en) * | 1984-04-05 | 1986-08-05 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Tight connection device |
| US4784411A (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1988-11-15 | H.K.O. Handelsgesellschaft mbH | Seal assembly, especially for a flange seal |
| WO2001011273A1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2001-02-15 | Oil States Industries, Inc. | Composite metal-to-metal seal having a relatively soft metal overlay and a relatively hard metal core |
| US6247704B1 (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2001-06-19 | Dana Corporation | Gasket with dynamic embossment |
-
2002
- 2002-11-21 GB GB0227184A patent/GB2395530A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3989285A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1976-11-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Compatible vacuum seal |
| US4603892A (en) * | 1984-04-05 | 1986-08-05 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Tight connection device |
| US4784411A (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1988-11-15 | H.K.O. Handelsgesellschaft mbH | Seal assembly, especially for a flange seal |
| US6247704B1 (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2001-06-19 | Dana Corporation | Gasket with dynamic embossment |
| WO2001011273A1 (en) * | 1999-08-05 | 2001-02-15 | Oil States Industries, Inc. | Composite metal-to-metal seal having a relatively soft metal overlay and a relatively hard metal core |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| US Patent Document US 2002 153672 A1 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2438631A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-05 | Alan Stewart Paton | A bimetal bore seal for connecting and sealing oil and gas tubular members |
| GB2438631B (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2008-02-13 | Alan Stewart Paton | Bimetal Bore Seal |
| US7819439B2 (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2010-10-26 | Sub-Drill Supply Limited | Fishtail bore seal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0227184D0 (en) | 2002-12-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |