GB2392210A - Arrangement of balancing system and pistons on a crankshaft - Google Patents
Arrangement of balancing system and pistons on a crankshaft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2392210A GB2392210A GB0219467A GB0219467A GB2392210A GB 2392210 A GB2392210 A GB 2392210A GB 0219467 A GB0219467 A GB 0219467A GB 0219467 A GB0219467 A GB 0219467A GB 2392210 A GB2392210 A GB 2392210A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- crankshaft
- piston
- bearings
- piston arrangement
- balancing system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/22—Compensation of inertia forces
- F16F15/26—Compensation of inertia forces of crankshaft systems using solid masses, other than the ordinary pistons, moving with the system, i.e. masses connected through a kinematic mechanism or gear system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/28—Counterweights, i.e. additional weights counterbalancing inertia forces induced by the reciprocating movement of masses in the system, e.g. of pistons attached to an engine crankshaft; Attaching or mounting same
- F16F15/283—Counterweights, i.e. additional weights counterbalancing inertia forces induced by the reciprocating movement of masses in the system, e.g. of pistons attached to an engine crankshaft; Attaching or mounting same for engine crankshafts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a crankshaft and piston arrangement 10 for an internal combustion engine. The arrangement crankshaft and piston arrangement 10 comprises two parallel piston and connecting rod assemblies 14 arranged on a crankshaft 12, and a balancing system 16. The balancing system 16 balances vibrational forces of the pistons 42 of the piston and connecting rod assemblies 14 arranged on the crankshaft, The crankshaft 12 comprises four consecutive main bearings 20, 22, 24, 26. The first piston 42 is positioned between the first and second main bearings 20, 22. The second piston 42 is positioned between the third and fourth main bearings 24, 26. The balancing system 16 is positioned between the second and third main bearings 22, 24.
Description
1 239221 0
Crankshaft and piston arrangement The present invention relates to a crankshaft and piston arrangement for an internal combustion engine.
s Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings shows a side view of a known crankshaft and piston arrangement. The crankshaft and piston arrangement comprises a pair of pistons, which are arranged parallel to one another at axially displaced positions along a crankshaft. Each piston is connected to the crankshaft by a connecting rod, which is 10 pivotally mounted to a crankshaft at a bearing. A central main bearing is provided, between a pair of crank webs, in the centre of the crankshaft. The arrangement also comprises a pair of balancing systems, one being disposed on each side of the central main bearing. Each balancing system comprises a balance means connecting rod, pivotally attached to the crank shaft at a bearing, between a piston connecting rod crank 15 web and a central main bearing crank web. The end of each connecting rod remote from the crankshaft is pivotally connected to a balance arm.
Whilst the above crankshaft and piston arrangement is successful, an aim of th invention is to provide a further improved crankshaft and piston arrangement.
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a crankshaft and piston arrangement for an internal combustion engine, the arrangement comprising two parallel piston and connecting rod assemblies arranged on a crankshaft, and a balancing system, which balances vibrational forces of the pistons, arranged on the crankshaft, the
crankshaft comprising four consecutive main bearings, wherein the first piston is positioned between the first and second bearings, the second piston is positioned between the third and fourth bearings, and the balancing system is positioned between the second and third bearings.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a method of assembling a crankshaft and piston arrangement, the method comprising providing a crankshaft having four consecutive main bearings, arranging a first piston between the first and the second bearings, arranging a second piston, parallel with the first piston, between the 10 third and fourth bearings, and arranging a balancing system between the second and third bearings.
According to a third aspect of the invention there is provided a crankshaft for an internal combustion engine, the crankshaft comprising four bearings, a space between IS the first and second bearings designed to receive a first piston, a space between the third and fourth bearings designed to receive a second, parallel, piston, and a space between the second and third bearings designed to receive, and connect to, a balancing system.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention there is provided a crankshaft and piston 20 arrangement substantially as described herein and with reference to Figures 2 and 4 to 7 of the drawings.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention there is provided a crankshaft substantially as described herein and with reference to Figure 3 of the drawings.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention there is provided an internal combustion engine or compressor, which engine or compressor has a crankshaft and piston arrangement in accordance with the first aspect of the invention, made in accordance 5 with the method of the second aspect of the invention, a crankshaft in accordance with the third aspect of the invention, or, a crankshaft and piston arrangement or a crankshaft of, respectively, the fourth or fifth aspects of the invention.
A crankshaft and piston arrangement, and components thereof, will now be described, 10 by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to the remaining accompanying drawings, in which, Figure 2 is a side view of a crankshaft and piston arrangement in accordance with the invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view of a crarlcshaft in accordance with the invention, Figure 4 is an end view of the crankshaft and piston arrangement of Figure 2, taken in the direction of the arrows IV - IV, Figures S. 6 and 7 are perspective views of the crankshaft and piston arrangement of Figure 2, in various stages of operation.
Referring to Figure 2, a crankshaft and piston arrangement 10 comprises a crankshaft 12, which has two piston and connecting rod assemblies 14 and a balancing system 16 mounted thereon.
5 Referring now to Figure 3, the crankshaft 12 comprises first, second, third, and fourth main bearings 2O, 22, 24, 26. The first and fourth main bearings 20, 26 are "outer" bearings. The second and third bearings 22, 24 are "inner" bearings. The crankshaft 12 comprises big end bearings 28, 30 for the big ends of piston connecting rods of the piston and connecting rod assemblies 14. One of the big end bearings 28 is arranged 10 between the first and second main bearings, 20, 22. The other big end bearing 30 is arranged between the third and fourth main bearings 24, 26. The crankshaft 12 also comprises balancing system big end bearings 32, 34, both of which are arranged between the second main bearing and third main bearing 22, 24. It will be noted that the first, second, third and fourth main bearings 2O, 22, 24, 26 are co-axial on axis A. 15 The piston big end bearings 28, 30 are co-axial and lie on an axis, parallel to and offset from axis A. The balancing system big end bearings 32, 34 are co- axial and lie on an axis parallel to and offset from axis A, and are offset in a diametrically opposed direction to the big ends bearings 28, 30 of the piston and connecting rod assemblies 14. Referring back to figure 2, each piston and connecting rod assembly 14 comprises a piston connecting rod 40 and piston 42. The piston 42 is connected to the bearing of the little end of the connecting rod 40 by a gudgeon pin (not shown). A recess 44 is
- defined on an underside of each piston 42. Different views of the recesses 44 are shown in Figures 2 and 4 of the drawings.
Still referring to Figure 2, the balancing system 16 has two balance system assemblies 5 49. Referring now to Figure 4, each balance system assembly 49 comprises a balance system connecting rod 50 and a balancing arm 52, which is connected by balancing arm bearing 54 to the connecting rod 50. The connecting rods 50 are clamped around the balancing system big end bearings 32, 34 using bolts S 1. The balancing arm 52 is pivotal about a fixed end 56 of the arm.
In use, the balancing system assemblies 49 balance the vibrational forces of the pistons 42, connecting rods 40, and crankshaft 12.
It will be appreciated that the crankshaft and piston arrangement 10 in accordance with 15 the invention gives rise to numerous advantages over the prior art.
The crankshaft and piston arrangement 10 in accordance with the invention replaces the two webs of the known crankshaft and piston arrangement of Figure I with an additional main bearing. Due to the relative geometry of the webs of the known 20 crankshaft and piston arrangement and the main bearing of the present invention this results in a net reduction in the length of the crankshaft 12. Also, by placing the two balancing system assemblies 49 of the balancing system 16 adjacent each other, the couple created by the axial spacing of the balance arms 52 is minimised, thereby reducing vibrational forces.
The crankshaft 12 is stiffer than the crankshaft of the known crankshaft and piston arrangement. There are no unsupported (flying) webs. All big end pins overlap. Both sides of each big end bearing 28, 30, 32, 43 overlap an adjacent main bearing 20, 22, 5 24, 26.
Another advantage of the crankshaft and piston arrangement 10 of the invention is that due to the geometry of the crankshaft 12, and piston and balancing system assembly connecting rods 40, and the provision of the recess 44, the bolts 51 of the balancing 10 system connecting rods 50 are axially clear of the gudgeon pin boss of the piston assembly 14 when the piston 42 is at bottom dead centre. This allows the connecting rods 40 to be shorter, resulting in a smaller overall engine.
The balancing system 16 in accordance with the invention can be housed in a separate 15 bay from the piston connecting rod big ends 28, 30, which can reduce frictional losses.
Referring to Figure 4, the balancing arm 52 has been connected to the balance system connecting rod 50 in the past by a balance arm bearing in the form of bronze bush. This can be replaced with a needle roller bearing 54.
A reader will appreciate that the present invention can be used on a compressor.
Claims (15)
1. A crankshaft for an internal combustion engine, the crankshaft comprising four bearings, a space between the first and second bearings designed to receive a first 5 piston, a space between the third and fourth bearings designed to receive a second, parallel, piston, and a space between the second and third bearings designed to receive, and connect to, a balancing system.
2. A crankshaft according to Claim 1, wherein the crankshaft has no axially 10 unsupported webs.
3. A crankshaft substantially as described herein and with reference to Figure 3 of the drawings. 15
4. A crankshaft and piston arrangement for an internal combustion engine, the arrangement comprising two parallel piston and connecting rod assemblies arranged on a crankshaft, and a balancing system, which balances vibrational forces of the pistons, arranged on the crankshaft, the crankshaft comprising four consecutive main bearings, wherein the first piston is positioned between the first and second main bearings, the 20 second piston is positioned between the third and fourth main bearings, and the balancing system is positioned between the second and third main bearings.
5. A crankshaft and piston arrangement according to Claim 4, wherein the four consecutive main bearings are coaxial with the crankshaft.
6. A crankshaft and piston arrangement according to Claim 4 or 5, wherein the crankshaft and piston arrangement comprises piston big end bearings, which are co-axial and lie on an axis, parallel to, and offset from, the axis of the crankshaft.
5
7. A crankshaft and piston arrangement according to Claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the crankshaft and piston arrangement comprises balancing system big end bearings, which are co-axial and lie on an axis parallel to, and offset from, the axis of the crankshaft, and are offset in a diametrically opposed direction to piston big ends bearings.
10
8. A crankshaft and piston arrangement according to Claim 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the balancing system comprises two balance system assemblies.
9. A crankshaft and piston arrangement according to Claim 8, wherein the balance system assemblies are adjacent one another.
10. A crankshaft and piston arrangement according to any one or more of Claims 4 to 9, wherein the crankshaft and piston arrangement comprises two piston big end bearings, both sides of each piston big end bearing overlap an adjacent main bearing.
20
11. A crankshaft and piston arrangement according to any one or more of Claims 4 to 10, wherein the crankshaft and piston arrangement comprises two balancing system big end bearings, the outside of each balancing system big end bearing overlaps an adjacent main bearing.
12. A crankshaft and piston arrangement according to any one or more of Claims 4 to 11, wherein the balancing system has two balance system assemblies, each balance system assembly comprises a balance system connecting rod and a balancing arm, which balancing arm is connected by a balancing arm bearing to the connecting rod, the 5 connecting rods are clamped around the balancing system big end bearings using bolts, wherein the bolts are axially clear of a gudgeon pin boss of the piston assembly when the piston is at bottom dead centre.
13. A crankshaft and piston arrangement substantially as described herein and with 10 reference to Figure 2 and Figures 4 to 7 of the drawings.
14. A method of assembling a crankshaft and piston arrangement, the method comprising providing a crankshaft having four consecutive main bearings, arranging a first piston between the first and the second bearings, arranging a second piston, parallel 15 with the first piston, between the third and fourth bearings, and arranging a balancing system between the second and third bearings.
15. An internal combustion engine or compressor, which engine or compressor has a crankshaft in accordance with Claim 1, 2 or 3, or a crankshaft and piston arrangement 20 in accordance with any of Claims 4 to 13, or a crankshaft and piston arrangement made in accordance with the method of Claim 14.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0219467A GB2392210A (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2002-08-21 | Arrangement of balancing system and pistons on a crankshaft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0219467A GB2392210A (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2002-08-21 | Arrangement of balancing system and pistons on a crankshaft |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0219467D0 GB0219467D0 (en) | 2002-10-02 |
| GB2392210A true GB2392210A (en) | 2004-02-25 |
Family
ID=9942714
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0219467A Withdrawn GB2392210A (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2002-08-21 | Arrangement of balancing system and pistons on a crankshaft |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2392210A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108223690A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-06-29 | 西安交通大学 | Every the opposed X-type reciprocating compressor moment of inertia balance mechanism of row |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2058223A (en) * | 1979-08-27 | 1981-04-08 | Nissan Motor | Balancing device for reciprocating machine |
| DE3040686A1 (en) * | 1980-10-29 | 1982-05-27 | Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg | Balance weight for crankshaft - is centrally mounted in plane of crankshaft and cylinders |
| US4552104A (en) * | 1983-06-20 | 1985-11-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Crankshaft of V-6 internal combustion engine |
-
2002
- 2002-08-21 GB GB0219467A patent/GB2392210A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2058223A (en) * | 1979-08-27 | 1981-04-08 | Nissan Motor | Balancing device for reciprocating machine |
| DE3040686A1 (en) * | 1980-10-29 | 1982-05-27 | Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg | Balance weight for crankshaft - is centrally mounted in plane of crankshaft and cylinders |
| US4552104A (en) * | 1983-06-20 | 1985-11-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Crankshaft of V-6 internal combustion engine |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108223690A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-06-29 | 西安交通大学 | Every the opposed X-type reciprocating compressor moment of inertia balance mechanism of row |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0219467D0 (en) | 2002-10-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |