GB2383349A

GB2383349A - A prefabricated wall structure with bricks tied to a concrete layer

Info

Publication number: GB2383349A
Application number: GB0130663A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Thomas Alexander Newell
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-12-21
Filing date: 2001-12-21
Publication date: 2003-06-25
Anticipated expiration: 2021-12-21
Also published as: GB2383349B; GB0130663D0

Abstract

A wall structure comprises a layer of reinforced concrete (10, 12) and a plinth (14) which extends from the layer to form a shelf (16) and into which the reinforcement extends, lifting anchorages (20) are provided at the top of the layer and one or more skins (18) of brick or block work are built onto the shelf and are tied into the layer The structure may be of elongate form having a shelf extending from one or both longitudinal sides, or the structure may be generally square the shelf extending out on four sides of the layer. Preferably the reinforcement is a single piece extending from the layer into a concrete plinth, following the shape of the plinth. Alternatively the plinth may be a metal plate welded to the reinforcement at the bottom of the core.

Description

PREFABRICATED WALL STRUCTURES This invention relates to prefabricated wall structures particularly, but not only for decorative garden or boundary use, factory wall panelling or as a retaining wall.

A problem especially with such wall structures is that they are normally built from individual bricks or stone blocks in situ and therefore their construction is at the mercy of the inclement weather.

An object of the present invention is to prefabricate the wall structures under cover using individual bricks or stone blocks and in a manner to impart a unitary construction to withstand lifting and laying of the wall structures.

Accordingly, the present invention is a prefabricated wall structure comprising a core of concrete embedding a reinforcement, a plinth from which the core upstands and with which the reinforcement is integrated, the plinth extending outwardly beyond the core to form a shelf, one or more lifting anchorages being provided at the top of the core, and one or more skins of brickwork or blockwork being built on the shelf of the plinth and tied into the core.

Preferably, the plinth is also of concrete with a reinforcement, The core and plinth are preferably formed in one mould with a one-piece reinforcement extending into the plinth and the core. The part of the reinforcement in the plinth desirably follows the shape of the plinth.

Alternatively, the plinth is a plate of metal welded to the bottom of the reinforcement of the core.

Preferably also, the anchorages are formed by the tops of the reinforcement extending above the concrete formed thereabout.

The core and plinth are normally of elongate shape with the plinth extending into a shelf beyond the core on at least one longitudinal side to support one skin of brickwork or blockwork tied into the corresponding side of the core. The core and plinth may also be of square shape with the plinth extending outwardly as a shelf on each of the four sides from the core, each side of the shelf being to support a skin of brickwork or blockwork and so form a pillar to be positioned at the end of, or intermediate of, an elongate length of wall or at a gateway.

It is intended that lengths of wall be formed from one or more prefabricated wall structures. The structures are formed under cover and transported to the required site and set down on top of and fixed to prepared foundations in a layout comprising one or more elongate wall structures with, as required, one or more square wall structures. The wall structures may be lifted onto transport using lifting tackle secured to the lifting anchorages and on arrival on site they may be lifted onto the prepared foundations. Thereafter, once the structures are fixed, a capping or coping stone is secured over the wall structures with the anchorages either cut-off, bent over or removed.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :- Fig. 1 is an end view of a prefabricated wall structure having a double skin of brickwork built on a concrete plinth according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an end view of a prefabricated wall structure having a double skin of brickwork built on a plinth according to a second embodiment; Fig. 3 is an end view of a prefabricated wall structure having a single skin of brickwork built on a concrete plinth according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an end view of a prefabricated wall structure having a single skin of brickwork built on a concrete plate plinth according to a fourth embodiment;

Fig. 5 is a front view of a wall formed by an elongate prefabricated wall structure and at each end having a square wall structure, the wall structures having coping stones thereover.

Fig. 6 is a front view of an elongate prefabricated wall structure shown with lifting tackle secured to lifting anchorages of the structure; Fig. 7 is an end view of a prefabricated wall structure to be used as a retaining wall mounted on bolts embedded in foundations; and Figs. 8A and 8B are a front view and a plan view of a prefabricated wall structure mounted between two stanchions.

Referring to all of the drawings, a prefabricated wall structure comprises a core 10 of concrete embedding a reinforcement 12, a plinth 14 from which the core 10 upstands and with which the reinforcement 12 is integrated. The plinth 14 extends outwardly beyond the core 10 to form a shelf 16. One or more lifting anchorages 20 is provided at the top of the core 10, and one or more skins 18 of brickwork or blockwork are built on the shelf 16 of the plinth 14 and tied into the core 10.

In the first and third embodiments as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the plinth 14 is also of concrete with a reinforcement. The core 10 and plinth 14 are formed in one mould with a one-piece reinforcement 12 extending into the plinth 14 and the core 10. The part of the reinforcement 12 in the plinth 14 follows the shape of the plinth 14 as shown.

Alternatively, in the second and fourth embodiments as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, the plinth 14 is a plate of metal welded to the bottom of the reinforcement 12 of the core 10.

The anchorages 20 are formed by the tops of the reinforcement 12 extending above the concrete formed thereabout.

The core 10 and plinth 14 are normally of elongate shape with the plinth 14 extending into a shelf 16 beyond the core 10 on one longitudinal side as in the second and fourth

embodiments to support one skin 18 of brickwork or blockwork tied into the corresponding side of the core 10, or on two longitudinal sides as in the first and third embodiments. The core 10 and plinth 14 are also of square shape with the plinth 14 extending outwardly as a shelf 16 on each of the four sides from the core 10, each side of the shelf 16 being to support a skin 18 of brickwork or blockwork and so form a pillar to be positioned at the end of, or intermediate of, and elongate length of wall or at a gateway as shown in fig. 5.

A plurality of recesses 21 are provided in the sides of the core 10 each to accommodate one end of a tie 22 secured thereinto with cement, the other end of the tie 22 being secured in the mortar infils of the built skin 18 of brickwork as shown. Instead of brickwork, stone blockwork can be used. This stone blockwork can be of a natural or artificial nature. A gap is shown between each skin 18 and the core 10.

In use, it is intended that lengths of wall be formed from one or more prefabricated wall structures. The structures are formed under cover and transported to the required site and set down on top of and fixed to prepared foundations in a layout comprising one or more elongate wall structures with, as required, one or more square wall structures. In fig. 5, one elongate and two square wall structures are shown. The wall structures are lifted onto transport using lifting tackle 24 secured to the lifting anchorages 20 and on arrival on site they are lifted onto the prepared foundations. Thereafter, once the structures are fixed, a capping or coping stone 26 is secured over the wall structures with the anchorages 20 either cut-off, bent over or removed.

The foundations may be a concrete base or in the embodiment in which the plinth 14 is a metal plate, a series of mounting plates 28 are welded transversely under the plinth 14 to extend beyond the width of the plinth on both sides, the extensions having apertures provided to match the positioning of threaded bolts 30 embedded in the foundations, the wall structures being secured by nuts tightened onto the bolts extending through the apertures.

Alternatively, when the wall structures are intended for use as retaining walls, a series of upright stanchions are provided secured to concrete bases. The distance between each adjacent two stanchions is substantially the same as the length of a wall unit however, the core is short about half the width of a stanchion at each end. This is so that the end of the skin extends in front and masks half the width of a stanchion. Extension pieces are secured to the core ends and are used to enable each wall structure to be secured to respective stanchions. The wall structure rests and is secured on top of the concrete bases of the stanchions. The retaining walls may be more than one wall structure high, the upper wall structure being cemented on top of the lower wall structure.

Variations and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention described above.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A prefabricated wall structure comprising a core of concrete embedding a reinforcement, a plinth from which the core upstands and with which the reinforcement is integrated, the plinth extending outwardly beyond the core to form a shelf, one or more lifting anchorages being provided at the top of the core, and one or more skins of brickwork or blockwork being built on the shelf of the plinth and tied into the core.
2. A prefabricated wall structure as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the plinth is also of concrete with a reinforcement.
3. A prefabricated wall structure as claimed in Claim 2, wherein the core and plinth are formed in one mould with a one-piece reinforcement extending into the plinth and the core.
4. A prefabricated wall structure as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the part of the reinforcement in the plinth follows the shape of the plinth.
5. A prefabricated wall structure as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the plinth is a plate of metal welded to the bottom of the reinforcement of the core.
6. A prefabricated wall structure as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the anchorages are formed by the tops of the reinforcement extending above the concrete formed thereabout.
7. A prefabricated wall structure as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the core and plinth are normally of elongate shape with the plinth extending into a shelf beyond the core on at least one longitudinal side to support one skin of brickwork or blockwork tied into the corresponding side of the core.

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8. A prefabricated wall structure as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the core and plinth are of square shape with the plinth extending outwardly as a shelf on each of the four sides from the core, each side of the shelf being to support a skin of brickwork or blockwork and so form a pillar to be positioned at the end of, or intermediate of, an elongate length of wall.
9. A wall formed from one or more prefabricated wall structures as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
10. A wall as claimed in Claim 9, wherein the wall structures are formed under cover and transported to the required site and set down on top of and fixed to prepared foundations in a layout comprising one or more elongate wall structures with, as required, one or more square wall structures.
11. A wall as claimed in Claim 10, wherein the wall structures are lifted onto transport using lifting tackle secured to the lifting anchorages and on arrival on site are lifted onto the prepared foundations by the lifting tackle which is then disconnected from the anchorages.
12. A wall as claimed in Claim 11, wherein after the structures are fixed, a capping or coping stone is secured over the wall structures with the anchorages either cut-off, bent over or removed.
13. A prefabricated wall structure substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
14. A wall substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.