GB2381558A - Wave or tidal powered electricity generator - Google Patents
Wave or tidal powered electricity generator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2381558A GB2381558A GB0126390A GB0126390A GB2381558A GB 2381558 A GB2381558 A GB 2381558A GB 0126390 A GB0126390 A GB 0126390A GB 0126390 A GB0126390 A GB 0126390A GB 2381558 A GB2381558 A GB 2381558A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- electricity
- generating equipment
- floatable
- generating
- buoy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
- F03B13/1845—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
- F03B13/1865—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem where the connection between wom and conversion system takes tension only
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
An electricity generating system derives mechanical energy from the energy residing in liquid waves and converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy by means of a floating annular body 4 which is driven by the motion of the waves and which drives associated on board electricity generators via chains 10 and gearing. The annular body 4 surrounds a buoy 2 which is anchored to the sea bed or to the bed of an expanse of water, wherein the buoy 2 contains electricity generating equipment and is provided with a helicopter platform H for maintenance purposes.
Description
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Electricity Generator
This invention relates to means for generating electricity from the energy which is present in fresh, and salt water, waves Various methods, and designs, for apparatus for extracting the energy present in waves, are known and many are workable, but one major disadvantage reported with such methods and apparatus is the influence of the environment in which they have to operate In extreme cases, the apparatus has been destroyed Many proposals have been assessed and deemed technically, and financially, unworkable.
It will be shown, in the following account, how the present invention overcomes certain difficulties whilst providing effective means for generating electricity from the energy residing in liquid waves According to the present invention, wave powered electricity-generating apparatus, can be used either in deep water, or offshore, nearshore, or in a large lake, wherein relatively more power can be extracted from a given surface water state in the deepwater environment. The apparatus comprises an assembly involving at least one submerged buoy, with attachments, which is anchored to the bed of the sea or lake by means of cables, wherein internal functional parts of the assembly allow the effect of wave motion on at least one external buoyant moving part which is connected mechanically to the said internal parts, to generate electricity In order to describe the invention in more detail, reference will now be made to the accompanying diagrams in which.
Figure 1 shows, in two-dimensional form, a front elevation of an embodiment of the invention Figure 2 shows, in two-dimensional form, a representation of embodiments of the invention
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Figure 3 shows, in two-dimensional form, a side elevation of an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 4 shows, in two-dimensional form, a front elevation of embodiments of the invention.
Figure 5 shows, in two-dimensional form, a front elevation of embodiments of the invention.
Figure 6A shows, in two-dimensional form, a representation of embodiments of guide elements of the invention Figure 6B shows, in two-dimensional form, a representation of embodiments of guide elements of the invention.
Figure 7 shows, in two-dimensional form, a plan view of embodiments of guide elements of the invention.
Figure 8 shows, in two-dimensional form, a plan view of embodiments of guide elements of the invention.
Figure 9 shows, in two-dimensional form, a plan view of embodiments of guide elements of the invention Figure 10 shows, in three-dimensional form, a schematic view of a representation of a prototype demonstrating characteristics of the invention.
With reference to Figure 1, which represents a front elevation, a wave powered, electricity generating system, 1, has a cylindrically shaped buoy, 2, which floats under the constraint offered by wires, 3A, 3B, and 3C, which are fixed to the bottom periphery of the circular base of the buoy, 2, at 120 degree intervals, whilst being inclined with respect to the vertical in order to prevent the buoy, 2, from rotating, and which anchor it to the bed of the sea or lake via anchors, Al, A2 and A3. A hollow,
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annular shaped cylinder, 4, mounted on the buoy, 2, is free to move upwards and downwards under wave motion In order to limit circumferential motion of the annular cylinder, 4, with respect to the buoy, 2, protruding guide strips, 5A, 5B and 5C (5B not shown) located at 120 degree intervals around the circumference of the buoy, 2, engage in recesses, 6A, 6B, and 6C (not shown in Figure 1) located on the inside surface of cylinder, 4. An additional limiting arrangement involves the use of guide wheels or rollers, 7A, 7B, and 7C, upper, and 7D, 7E, 7F, lower (none is shown in Figure 1, but they are shown in Figures, 3,4, and 5, and in detail in Figures 6A, 6B, 7, and 8) which are set into recesses formed on the inside surface of the cylinder, 4, at 120 degree, intervals, and which run up and down a metal strip or flat plate, MS (not shown in Figure 1) welded to the outer surface of the buoy, 2 ; these are described in more detail, later, with reference to other Figures With further reference to Figure 1, annular cylinder, 4, has chain link or wire sections, 8A, 8B, and 8C, respectively (8B not shown) connected to its upper surface at 120 degree intervals, wherein the chain link or wire sections pass over pulley combinations, 9A, 9B, and 9C, respectively. Similarly, chain link or wire sections, IOA, lOB, and IOC, respectively (IOB not shown) connected to the lower surface of annular cylinder, 4, pass over pulley combinations, IIA, lIB, and 11 C, respectively (IIB not shown) Each, chain link or wire section, 8A, 8B, and 8C, forms a continuous loop of chain link or wire, with section IOA, lOB, and IOC, respectively (e g. 8A joins with lOA) by being joined via a section, 12A, 12B, or 12C, respectively, of roller chain, (not shown in Figure 1, but shown in Figures 2 and 3) which passes over at least one drive input, sprocket wheel, 13D (not shown in Figure 1, but shown in Figures 2 and 3) of a gearbox/flywheel/generator combination, comprising a gearbox, 14G, a flywheel, 14F and an electricity generator, 14E (not shown in Figure 1, but shown in Figure 2) which is located inside the buoy, 2 A helicopter platform, H, is mounted on the upper horizontal surface of the buoy, 2.
It can thus be readily seen, how, under the action of a rising wave, and under the guidance offered by, for example, the guide wheels, 7A, 7B and 7C, the annular
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cylinder, 4, will rise in a linear direction, and so cause the generator drive input sprocket wheel, 13D, Figure 2) to rotate, and hence produce electricity. Whilst various combinations of drive input sprocket wheels, each driven by each continuous loop of drive"chain", will provide a balanced system, the simplest arrangement would be to have one drive input sprocket, whose position relative to the continuous loop of "chain"was sufficiently offset to provide non slipping contact.
With yet further reference to Figure 1, buffers, 15A, 15B, and 15C, upper (with 15B not shown) and 16A, 16B, 16C, lower (with 16B not shown) limit the vertical extent of travel of the annular cylinder, 4. These buffers are arranged to provide a damping reaction to motion of the cylinder, 4, under conditions of bad weather With reference to the schematic diagram shown in Figure 2, a section of roller chain, e. g 12A, transmits the drive from the moving, annular shaped cylinder, 4, via chainwheel sprocket, 13D, to the input shaft, 131, of a speedup gearbox, 14G, whose output shaft, 170, drives a flywheel, 14F which is connected to an electricity generator, 14E With reference to Figure 3, which represents a side elevation, the wave powered electricity-generating apparatus already described with reference to Figure 1, is shown again, but in side elevation, and, for brevity in the description, it is to be assumed that the parts already described with reference to Figure 1, are self explanatory It can be seen that the chain link, or wire, sections, 8A and lOA, respectively, which pass over pulley combinations, 9A and 11 A, respectively, are joined to one another by means of the section of roller chain, 12A, already described with reference to Figure 2, and that, in the particular configuration shown in Figure 3, four sprocket wheels, 13A, 13B, 13C and 13D, serve to tension the chain, where, as already described with reference to Figure 2, just one chainwheel sprocket, 13D, supplies the final drive to the gearbox, 14G. An auxiliary winch assembly, WA, can be used to pull the annular cylinder, 4, above the surface of the sea, for maintenance purposes, by means of pulleys, PWI and PW2. A transformer assembly, TA, is used for transforming the
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electricity generated by the system to a suitable level, and a helicopter platform, H, is shown in part view mounted on the deck of the buoy, 2.
With reference to Figure 4, which represents a front elevation, the wave powered electricity-generating apparatus already described with reference to Figure 1, is shown again, in modified form, but for brevity in the description, it is to be assumed that the parts already described with reference to Figure I which are retained in Figure 4, are self explanatory In order to maintain smooth vertical up and down oscillation of the annular cylinder, 4, under the action of wave motion, guide, or roller, wheels, 7A, 7B and 7C (7B not shown) and 7D, 7E and 7F (7E not shown) are set into recesses formed in the inner cylindrical wall of the annular cylinder, 4, whilst the roller wheels are in sliding/rolling contact with the outer wall of the buoy, 2, via strips of metal, already referred to as MS with reference to Figure 1 (not shown in Figure 4 but shown in Figures 7 and 8) welded to the outer surface of the buoy, 2. The guide arrangement is described in more detail later, with reference to Figures 6A, 6B, 7,8, and 9.
With further reference to Figure 4, power from the moving annular cylinder is transferred to the electricity generator, 14G (not shown) by means of externally mounted pulleys, such that the final chain link, or wire, drive, FD, is transmitted via openings in the upper deck of the buoy, 2, to pulley combination, PC I, via pulley combination, PC2, pulleys, EP1 and EP2, and, via pulley EP3, after passing through a water tight tube, TU, formed in annular cylinder, 4 This avoids the complication of the requirement for special watertight compartments in the region of the horizontal openings in the lower wall of buoy, 2, which would be necessary for implementation of the configuration already described with reference to Figures 1 and 3. However, as stated, the annular cylinder, 4, does have a vertically orientated water-tight tube, through which cable/wire/etc. , passes, in order to provide the drive to the electricity generator from the lower connection point on cylinder, 4, via pulley, EP3.
With reference to Figure 5, which is a schematic representation of part of Figure 4, the buoy, 2, the annular cylinder, 4, and the four roller wheels, 7A, 7C, 7D and 7F, are shown again, with the assembly, 18, involved with one of the wheels, 7C, circled, for
<Desc/Clms Page number 6>
identification with reference to the description given in Figures 6A and 6B, which are to be described next.
Thus, with reference to the front elevation of roller wheel assembly, 18, shown in Figure 6A (which shows two-dimensional representations of embodiments of the guide elements of the invention) the horizontally orientated shaft, 19, of roller wheel, 7C (which is of one-piece construction) is mounted in roller bearings, 20A and 20B, which are themselves mounted at either end of shaft, 19, within depressions formed in void, 21, which is itself formed in the inner wall of annular cylinder, 4 The roller wheel, 7C, protrudes through an opening, 22, of rectangular cross section, formed in the annular cylinder, 4, and this is shown as a broken line outline in Figure 6A.
With reference to the schematic diagram in Figure 6B, a section, A-A, is shown as viewed in the direction of the arrows shown in Figure 6A. The parts already described with reference to Figure 6A are self evident from the description made with reference to Figure 6A With reference to Figure 7, which represents a plan view, the buoy, 2, and the annular cylinder, 4, are shown with their respective guide systems Thus, protruding guide strips, 5A, 5B and 5C (which are fixed, or formed, on buoy, 2 and which protrude into recesses, 6A, 6B, and 6C) together with their respective roller wheels, set in bearings, can be seen located at 120 degree intervals around the periphery of buoy 2 Similarly, roller wheels, 7 A, 7B, and 7C, can be seen located, also at 120 degree intervals, around the inner periphery of the outer annular cylinder, 4. Roller wheels, 7A, 7B, and 7C, respectively, can be seen to be in rolling contact with backing strips 7AS, 7BS, and 7CS, respectively (referred to previously, as MS, with reference to Figure 1) which are welded to the outer surface of the buoy, 2. The sets of protruding guide strips and backing strips, each with its respective roller wheel, are staggered at 60 degrees intervals from one another and there are two sets of each type of guide strip and backing strip, located in these positions around the periphery of the buoy/annular cylinder, combination; one set at the horizontal level corresponding to the level of wheels 7A and 7C, shown in Figure 5, and another set at the horizontal level corresponding to the level of wheels 7D and 7F, shown in Figure 5
<Desc/Clms Page number 7>
With reference to Figure 8, which represents a plan view, part of the periphery, P2, of the buoy, 2, to which backing strip, 7CS, has been welded, is shown in relation to the roller wheel, 7C, whose shaft, 19, is set in bearings, 20A, and 20B With reference to Figure 9, which represents a plan view, protruding guide strip, 5B, formed on the periphery of buoy, 2, is shown in relation to roller wheels, 23 and 24, which are in contact with its vertically orientated side surfaces. Wheel, 23, is supported in bearings 25A and 25B, whilst wheel, 24, is supported in bearings, 26A and 26B.
With reference to the schematic three-dimensional view shown in Figure 10, this is a representation of a prototype which has been built in connection with the development of the invention.
The annular shaped cylinder, 4, resides outside the cylindrically shaped buoy, 2, and is such that the cylinder, 4, floats up and down under wave motion Lengths of chain, CH, are connected at locations, CN, on cylinder, 4, and these pass over upper and lower pulleys or chain wheels, P, after passing through water-tight voids, V, in cylinder, 4 Each pulley, or chain wheel, P, is mounted on an axle, AX, which is supported within buoy, 2 The axles associated with the upper pulleys or chain wheels, drive generators, G, whilst the axles associated with the lower pulleys or chain wheels, are mounted in supporting bearings. In other variants of the invention, generators can also be driven by the axles associated with the lower pulleys or chain wheels An upper cylindrical disk, H, represents a helicopter platform and a lower cylindrical disk, GP, represents the platform on which the generators are mounted.
Tests carried out with the prototype using a water tank have shown that it is possible to generate electricity from wave motion using direct current motors used as generators In order to cater for the forward and reverse direction of rotation of the pulleys or chain wheels driven by the wave motion, the direct current output of each generator
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has been connected to a rectifier Moreover, since the arrangement of the generators on the prototype is such that one is rotated in a clockwise direction whilst the other rotates in an anti clockwise direction, the positive output terminal from one generator is connected to the negative output of the other generator (each is positive at the same time and negative at the same time) and one set of combined outputs is connected to one input terminal of a rectifier whilst the other set of combined outputs is connected to the other input terminal of the rectifier. The result is thus a direct current output from the output terminals of the rectifier In a working system, the generators could be arranged so as to produce alternating or direct current.
Claims (13)
1 Electricity generating apparatus comprising, electricity generating equipment mounted on a support, and at least one floatable body associated with said support, wherein the said floatable body is connected with said generating equipment by means of a transmission, such that, in use, relative movement between said support and the, or each, said floatable body caused by movement of a surface of a body of water supporting the, or each, said floatable body, is transmitted to said generating equipment to provide drive energy for said generating equipment
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said support comprises a floatable structure attachable by cabling to a seabed.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said floatable structure comprises a generally cylindrical element.
4 Apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said, at least one floatable body, comprises an annular body which encircles said cylindrically element.
5 Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which further comprises guides which are arranged such that the said relative movement consists of a linear reciprocating movement.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the said transmission comprises a flexible assembly having opposite ends attached to the annular body.
7 Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein said flexible assembly comprises a chain
<Desc/Clms Page number 10>
8 Apparatus as claimed in claim 6 or claim 7, wherein said transmission further comprises a gear arrangement and wherein said flexible assembly is arranged to drive gearing of said gear arrangement, and wherein an output of said gearing arrangement is transmitted to said generating equipment.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said transmission further comprises an energy-storing device
10. A method of generating electricity using energy provided by wave, and/or tidal, action, wherein the said method involves the transmission of mechanical power derived from the motion of a floating body, to generating equipment which is supported so as to permit relative motion between the generating equipment and the floating body
11. A method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the said motion is substantially linear reciprocating motion
12. Electricity generating apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings.
13. A method of generating electricity using energy provided by wave, and/or tidal, action substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0126390A GB2381558A (en) | 2001-11-02 | 2001-11-02 | Wave or tidal powered electricity generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0126390A GB2381558A (en) | 2001-11-02 | 2001-11-02 | Wave or tidal powered electricity generator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0126390D0 GB0126390D0 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
| GB2381558A true GB2381558A (en) | 2003-05-07 |
Family
ID=9925066
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0126390A Withdrawn GB2381558A (en) | 2001-11-02 | 2001-11-02 | Wave or tidal powered electricity generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2381558A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2325727A1 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2009-09-14 | Manuel Muñoz Saiz | Improvements in the systems that collect the energy of the waves of the sea. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| WO2009112598A1 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2009-09-17 | Munoz Saiz Manuel | Improvements to systems for harnessing the energy from the waves of the sea |
| ES2325856A1 (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2009-09-21 | Manuel Muñoz Saiz | Improvements in the systems that collect the energy of the waves of the sea (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN104329210A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-02-04 | 长沙理工大学 | Point absorbing type hydraulic wave energy device |
| IT201600069162A1 (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-01-04 | Gianluigi Redegalli | ENERGY TRANSFORMER OF MARINE WAVE MOTOR IN MECHANICAL AND ELECTRIC ENERGY. |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2043790A (en) * | 1979-03-27 | 1980-10-08 | Taylor J A | Power Generation from Tidal Energy |
| US4389843A (en) * | 1981-03-27 | 1983-06-28 | John Lamberti | Water wave energy transducer |
| US4434357A (en) * | 1980-01-21 | 1984-02-28 | The Electricity Council | Apparatus for heating electrically conductive flowable media |
| WO1998032967A1 (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-07-30 | Applied Research & Technology Limited | Wave energy converter |
| WO1999013218A1 (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 1999-03-18 | Per Lyngstad | Sea-wave power plant |
| GB2335006A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-09-08 | Carey Charles Edwards | Apparatus for harnessing tidal power |
-
2001
- 2001-11-02 GB GB0126390A patent/GB2381558A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2043790A (en) * | 1979-03-27 | 1980-10-08 | Taylor J A | Power Generation from Tidal Energy |
| US4434357A (en) * | 1980-01-21 | 1984-02-28 | The Electricity Council | Apparatus for heating electrically conductive flowable media |
| US4389843A (en) * | 1981-03-27 | 1983-06-28 | John Lamberti | Water wave energy transducer |
| WO1998032967A1 (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-07-30 | Applied Research & Technology Limited | Wave energy converter |
| WO1999013218A1 (en) * | 1997-09-10 | 1999-03-18 | Per Lyngstad | Sea-wave power plant |
| GB2335006A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-09-08 | Carey Charles Edwards | Apparatus for harnessing tidal power |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2325727A1 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2009-09-14 | Manuel Muñoz Saiz | Improvements in the systems that collect the energy of the waves of the sea. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| WO2009112598A1 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2009-09-17 | Munoz Saiz Manuel | Improvements to systems for harnessing the energy from the waves of the sea |
| ES2325856A1 (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2009-09-21 | Manuel Muñoz Saiz | Improvements in the systems that collect the energy of the waves of the sea (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN104329210A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-02-04 | 长沙理工大学 | Point absorbing type hydraulic wave energy device |
| IT201600069162A1 (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-01-04 | Gianluigi Redegalli | ENERGY TRANSFORMER OF MARINE WAVE MOTOR IN MECHANICAL AND ELECTRIC ENERGY. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0126390D0 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |