GB2365669A - Pseudo telephone conversation - Google Patents

Pseudo telephone conversation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2365669A
GB2365669A GB0108708A GB0108708A GB2365669A GB 2365669 A GB2365669 A GB 2365669A GB 0108708 A GB0108708 A GB 0108708A GB 0108708 A GB0108708 A GB 0108708A GB 2365669 A GB2365669 A GB 2365669A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
telephone call
caller
telephone
verbal
interface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB0108708A
Other versions
GB0108708D0 (en
Inventor
Larry A Nickum
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gateway Inc
Original Assignee
Gateway Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gateway Inc filed Critical Gateway Inc
Publication of GB0108708D0 publication Critical patent/GB0108708D0/en
Publication of GB2365669A publication Critical patent/GB2365669A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/66Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers with means for preventing unauthorised or fraudulent calling
    • H04M1/663Preventing unauthorised calls to a telephone set
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/64Automatic arrangements for answering calls; Automatic arrangements for recording messages for absent subscribers; Arrangements for recording conversations
    • H04M1/642Automatic arrangements for answering calls; Automatic arrangements for recording messages for absent subscribers; Arrangements for recording conversations storing speech in digital form
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/57Arrangements for indicating or recording the number of the calling subscriber at the called subscriber's set

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)

Abstract

A system and method for generating a specific verbal response to a telephone without engaging in a two-way conversation is disclosed. When a telephone rings, a user may deliver a verbal message directed toward a network device or network controller. The verbal message is sent directly to the caller via the network controller that is operably connected to a telephone line. A possible option to the invention disclosed is allowing the caller to respond to the user's verbal message before the telephone call is automatically ended after delivery of the verbal message to the caller.

Description

2365669
PSEUDO TELEPHONE CONVERSATION FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to the field of telephone call responding systems and specifically to a system and method of virtually answering a telephone call without engaging in a two-way conversation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Known in the art are devices that allow a caller to leave a message when the person being called (hereinafter the receiver) is unable to answer a telephone call. These devices may be in the form of an answering machine or a voicemail system. Further, systems that allow screening of telephone calls exist that may allow the receiver to disable the telephone or respond with a pre-progra=ed response during the duration of the telephone call. Yet another related system known to the art is the monitoring of phone calls received and prescribing a personal pre-programmed response dependent upon the identity of the caller. For example, through the utilization of a caller identification device a personal message may be delivered to caller 1 when caller I's phone is used to call the receiver.
Systems known in the art may be helpful to consumers, however, they are limited in that they may only provide a generic response to a given caller. It would be advantageous if a system existed that would allow a receiver to generate a specific verbal response to a telephone call at the time the telephone call is received. This may allow the receiver to respond to an impo rtant phone call with a specific verbal response without requiring the receiver to engage in a two-way conversation and stop what they were doing to answer the telephone call. Further, it would be advantageous if delivery of the verbal response would not require recording and converting of the response prior to the delivery of the response to the caller.
Consequently, the present invention is directed to a system and method for generating a specific verbal response to a telephone call without engaging in a two-way conversation. Further, the present invention is directed to a system and method of responding to a telephone call with a specific verbal response without allowing the caller to speak.
SUMMARY OF THE rNVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a system and method for generating a specl ic verbal response to a telephone call without engaging in a two-way conversation. The present invention is further directed to a system and method for responding to a telephone call with a specific personal verbal response without allowing the caller to speak. The present invention is suitable for allowing a caller to respond to a verbal message delivered by a receiver in an alternative embodiment. Utilizing caller i'dent'f 1 ication devices, the receiver may know the identity of a caller and verbalize a response to a network device. The verbal message may be delivered to a network controller that may send it to a telephone line to be heard by the caller without being recorded and converted from an analog to digital format.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and together with the general description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The numerous advantages of the present invention may be better understood by those skilled in the art by reference to the accompanying figures in which:
FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a network controller of the present invention; FIG. 2 depicts an exemplary block diagram of the components of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 depicts an exemplary home network with exemplary network devices; and FIG. 4 is a flow diagram representing an exemplary process of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Reference will now be made to the presently preferred embodiment of the invention, an example of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Referring now to FIG. 1, a hardware system in accordance with the present invention is shown. The hardware system shown in FIG. 1 is generally representative of 2 the hardware architecture of a network controller of the present invention. A controller, for example, a processing system 102, controls the network controller 100. The processing system 102 includes a central processing unit such as a microprocessor or microcontroller for executing programs, performing data manipulations and controlling the tasks of the network controller 100. Communication with the processing system102 may be implemented through a message or system bus 110 for transferring information among the devices of the network controller 100. The system bus 110 may include a data channel for facilitating information transfer between storage and other peripheral devices of the network controller 100. The system bus 110 further provides the set of signals required for communication with processing system 102 including a data bus, address bus, and control bus. The system bus 110 may comprise any state of the art bus architecture according to promulgated standards, for example industry standard architecture (ISA), extended industry standard architecture (EISA), Micro Channel Architecture (MCA), peripheral device interconnect (PCI) local bus, standards promulgated by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) including MEE 488 general-purpose interface bus (GPIB), IEEE 696/S-600, and so on.
Furthermore, the system bus 110 may be compliant with any promulgated industry standard. For example, the system bus 110 may be designed in compliance with any of the following bus architectures: Industry Standard Architecture (ISA), Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA), Micro Channel Architecture, Peripheral Device Interconnect (PCI), Universal Serial Bus (USB), Access bus, IEEE P6394, Apple Desktop Bus (ADB), Concentration Highway Interface (CHI), Fire Wire, Geo Port, or Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI), for example.
Additionally, the network controller 100 includes a memory 104. In one embodiment, memory 104 is provided on SIMMs (Single In-line Memory Modules), while in another embodiment, memory 104 is provided on DIMMs (Dual In- line Memory Modules), each of which plugs into suitable sockets provided on a motherboard holding many of the other devices shown in FIG. 1. Memory 104 includes standard DRAM (Dynamic Random-Access Memory), EDO (Extended Data Out) DRAM, SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM), or other suitable memory technology. Memory 104 may also include auxiliary memory to provide storage of instructions and data that are loaded into 3 the memory 104 before execution. Auxiliary memory may include semiconductor based memory such as read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM) erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory (block oriented memory similar to EEPROM).
The network controller 100 further includes a network connection device or a network interface 106. The network interface 106 communicates between the network controller 100 and a remote device, such as external devices, networks, information sources, or host systems that administer a plurality of network controller s. For example, host systems such as a server or information handling system, may run software io controlling the network controller 100, serve as storage for a network controller 100, or coordinate software running separately on each network controller 100. The network interface 106 may provide or receive analog, digital, or radio frequency data. The network interface system 106 preferably implements industry promulgated architecture standards, including Recommended Standard 232 (RS-232) promulgated by the Electrical Industries Association, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) standards, Ethernet IEEE 802 standards (e.g., lEEE 802.3 for broadband and baseband networks, IEEE 802. 3z for Gigabit Ethemet, IEEE 802.4 for token passing bus networks, MEE 802.5 for token ring networks, IEEE 802.6 for metropolitan area networks, 802.66 for wireless networks, and so on), Fibre Channel, digital subscriber line (DSL), asymmetric digital subscriber line (ASDL), frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), integrated digital services network (ISDN), personal communications services (PCS), transmission control protocol/Intemet protocol (TCP/IP), serial line Internet protocol/point to point protocol (SLIP/PPP), and Universal Serial Bus (USB), as examples. For example, the network interface system 106 may comprise a network adapter, a serial port, parallel port, printer adapter, modem, universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART) port, etc., or use various wireless technologies or links such as an infrared port, radio- frequency (RF) communications adapter, infrared transducers, or RF modem.
The network controller 100 further includes a display system 112 for connecting to a display device 114. The display system 112 may comprise a video display adapter having all of the devices for driving the display device, including video random access memory (VRAM), buffer, and graphics engine as desired. The display device 114 may 4 comprise a cathode ray tude (CRT) or liquid-crystal display (LCD), or may comprise alternative type of display technologies, such as a light-emitting diode (LED) display, gas or plasma display, or employ flat-screen technology.
A network controller 100 may further include an input/output Q/0) system 116 for connecting to one or more 1/0 devices 118, 120, and up to N number of I/0 devices 122. Input/output system 116 may comprise one or more controllers or adapters for providing interface functions between one or more of I/0 devices 118 -122. For example, input/output system 116 may comprise a serial port, parallel port, network adapter, printer adapter, radio-frequency (RF) communications adapter, universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter (UART) port, etc., for interfacing between corresponding 1/0 devices such as a mouse, joystick, trackball, trackpad, trackstick, infrared transducers, printer, modem, RF modem, bar code reader, charge-coupled device (CCD) reader, scanner, compact disc (CD), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), video capture device, touch screen, stylus, electroacoustic transducer, microphone, speaker, etc. It should be appreciated that modification or reconfiguration of the network controller 100 of FIG. 1 by a person of ordinary skill in the art would not depart from the scope or the spirit of the present invention.
Although the invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it should be recognized that elements thereof may be altered by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. One of the embodiments of the invention can be implemented as sets of instructions resident in the memory 104 of one or more network controller s configured generally as described in FIG. 1. Until required by the network controller 100, the set of instructions may be stored in another readable memory device, for example in a hard disk drive or in a removable memory such as an optical disk for utilization in a CD-ROM drive, a floppy disk for utilization in a floppy disk drive, a floptical disk for utilization in a floptical drive, or a personal computer memory card for utilization in a personal computer card slot. Further, the set of instructions can be stored in the memory of an information handling system and transmitted over a local area network or a wide area network, such as the Internet, when desired by the user. Additionally, the instructions may be transmitted over a network in the form of an applet that is interpreted or compiled after transmission to the computer system rather than prior to transmission. One skilled in the art would appreciate that the physical storage of the sets of instructions or applets physically changes the medium upon which it is stored electrically, magnetically, chemically, physically, optically or holographically so that the medium carries computer readable information.
Referring now to FIG. 2, an exemplary embodiment 200 of a block diagram representing components of the present invention is shown. In order to receive a telephone call, a telephone signal input 210 may be present. The telephone signal input 210 may be in the form of a hardwire telephone line entering a home or in the form of a wireless signal. In preferred embodiments, a device for identifying the caller may be employed so that the receiver may properly respond to a telephone call without actually answering the telephone call. Thus, a caller identification device 220 may be incorporated within the present invention in order to identify the caller.
In order to accommodate the delivery of a specific verbal message, an interface 230 may be operably connected to a network controller 250 via a network device 240.
An interface 230 may include a microphone and speaker suitable for delivery and acceptance of verbal messages. It should be noted that the present invention may be utilized without a network device by maintaining an operable connection between the interface 230 and the network controller 250.
In an another exemplary embodiment, the interface 230 may be included within a network device 240. For example, a television may be operably connected to the network controller 250 and may include an interface for delivery and acceptance of verbal communication. An advantage of utilizing a network devices lies in the ability to provide total home and workplace access to the present invention cost-effectively because various network devices may be present throughout a home or office. Thus, a user may deliver a verbal message directed towards a network device in every room of his or her home.
Examples of network devices 300 that may be utilized with the present invention are shown in FIG. 3. An answering machine 320, telephone 330, toaster 340, computer 350, radio 3 60, and television 3 70 may be operably connected to a network controller 3 10 and function as a network device of the present invention.
Referring once again to FIG. 2, a network controller 250 may be operably connected with a network device 240 if a network device is present. The network 6 controller 250 may accept the verbal message from an interface 230 and network device 240 and may deliver it to a telephone signal output 260. The network controller 250 may be capable of directly receiving the verbal message in real-time and delivering it to a telephone signal output without having to first convert the message and record the message. This may be advantageous as it results in improved sound quality, less processor time, and less processor power required to support delivering the message. The telephone signal output 260 may be in the form of a hardwire telephone line or a wireless telephone line.
Referring now to FIG. 4, an exemplary process of the present invention is described. A receiver may be busy cooking dinner 410 trying to coordinate various servings so that each is ready by a given time. When a receiver is engaged in this type of endeavor, it may be unfeasible or not worthwhile to break from the cooking process.
When a telephone rings 420, persons generally do not like to let it ring because there is a chance the phone call may be extremely urgent. Under the present invention, when a telephone rings 420, a caller identification device may be able to identify the telephone number of the caller and the caller's identity. For example, the caller may be the receiver's mother 430.
Unable to conventionally answer the telephone call 440, the receiver may engage in a pseudo telephone conversation utilizing verbal co=ands. By directing his or her voice towards a network device of the present invention, the receiver may verbally "pick up" the telephone call and deliver a specific verbal message to his or her mother 450. As an example, a television may be located in proximity to the receiver in the kitchen where the receiver may be preparing dinner. By virtually answering the telephone call, the receiver's mother knows to call back in ten minutes while the receiver may continue cooking without having to drop what they were doing. The system of the present invention may allow a receiver to respond to a telephone call "hands free" and without losing concentration on the task at hand. In some embodiments, if the receiver chooses and is able to answer the telephone call 440, the telephone connection is cut through to full-duplex communication 442, which then may proceed as hands free communication continuing until the call is terminated 444 in the conventional manner.
7 Although the invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it should be recognized that elements thereof may be altered by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is believed that the method and apparatus for the present invention and many of its attendant advantages will be understood by the foregoing description, and it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construction, and arrangement of the components thereof without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention or without sacrificing all of its material advantages, the form herein before described being merely an explanatory embodiment thereof. It is the intention of the following claims to encompass and include such changes.
8

Claims (1)

  1. What is claimed is:
    1 1. A telephone call replying system, comprising:
    2 (a) a telephone line; 3 (b) a network controller operably connected to said telephone line; and 4 (c) an interface operably connected to said network controller, whereby when a telephone call is received a user may respond to said telephone call via said interface by 6 delivering an verbal message at the time of said telephone call to said interface without 7 engaging in a two-way conversation, said verbal message being sent to said network 8 controller from said interface via an operable connection, said verbal message being 9 further sent from said network controller to said telephone line to be heard by a caller.
    1 2. The telephone call replying system as claimed in claim 1, further 2 comprising a caller identification device operably connected to said telephone line 3 suitable for notifying said user of the identity of said caller.
    1 3. The telephone call replying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said 2 operable connection comprises a network device.
    1 4. The telephone call replying system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said 2 network device includes said interface.
    1 5. The telephone call replying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said 2 user is capable of picking up a telephone call by a verbal command directed at said 3 interface.
    1 6. The telephone call replying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said 2 telephone call is ended when said verbal message is delivered to said telephone line.
    9 1 7. The telephone call replying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said 2 telephone call is ended after said verbal message is delivered to said telephone line and a 3 period of time suitable for a caller to respond has passed.
    1 8. The telephone call replying system as claimed in claim 7, wherein a caller 2 is capable of responding back to a message delivered by said user.
    1 9. The telephone call replying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said 2 interface includes a microphone and speaker suitable for accommodating verbal 3 communication.
    10. The telephone call replying system as clairned in claim 1, wherein said 2 telephone line is a hardwire.
    1 11. The telephone call replying system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said 2 telephone line is wireless.
    1 12. A method of replying to a telephone call, comprising the following steps:
    2 (a) responding to a telephone call via an verbal pick-up; 3 (b) delivering a verbal message directed toward an interface at the time of said 4 telephone call to the caller without engaging in a two-way conversation, and (c) ending said telephone call automatically after said verbal message is sent to a 6 caller and after a period of time has passed, wherein said verbal message is sent to 7 a network controller from said interface device via an operable connection, said 8 verbal message being further sent from said network controller to a telephone 9 line.
    1 13. The method as claimed in claim 12, further comprising the step of 2 checking a caller identification display to determine the identity of said caller.
    1 14. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein said operable connection 2 comprises a network device.
    1 15. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein said network device includes 2 said interface.
    1 16. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein said period of time is of a 2 duration suitable for preventing caller to respond to said verbal message.
    1 17. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein said period of time is of a 2 duration suitable for allowing caller to respond to said verbal message.
    1 18. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein said interface includes a 2 microphone and speaker suitable for accommodating verbal communication.
    11 1 19. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein said telephone line is a 2 hardwire. 1 20. The method as claimed in claim 12, wherein said telephone line is 2 wireless.
    12 1 21. A program of instructions storable on a medium readable by a network controller 2 for causing the network controller to execute steps to allow a user to verbally respond to a 3 telephone call at the time of the telephone call without engaging, in a two-way 4 conversation, the steps comprising:
    (a) detecting that a telephone call is being directed on a telephone line operably 6 connected to a network controller; 7 (b) enabling an interface to allow a receiver to generate a verbal message; 8 (c) accepting said verbal message delivered by said receiver; 9 (d) sending said verbal message to said telephone line to be heard by a caller; and io (c) terminating said telephone call, wherein a receiver may deliver said verbal 11 message by directing said verbal message to said interface, said interface sending 12 said verbal message to said network controller via an operable connection.
    1 22. The program of instructions as claimed in claim 2 1, wherein said receiver 2 knows the identity of said caller via a caller identification device operably connected to 3 said telephone line.
    1 23. The program of instructions as claimed in claim 2 1, wherein said operable 2 connection comprises a network device.
    1 24. The program of instructions as claimed in claim 23, wherein said network 2 device includes said interface.
    1 25. The program of instructions as claimed in claim 2 1, wherein said network 2 controller terminates said telephone call after verbal message is sent to said caller 3 preventing caller from responding to said verbal message.
    1 26. The program of instructions as claimed in claim 21, wherein said network 2 controller terminates said telephone call after said verbal message is sent to said caller 3 and a period of time suitable for allowing said caller to respond to said verbal message 4 has passed. 1 27. The program of instructions as claimed in claim 2 1, wherein said interface 2 includes a microphone and speaker suitable for accommodating verbal communication. 1 28. The program of instructions as claimed in claim 21, wherein said 2 telephone line is a hardwire. 1 29. The program of instructions as claimed in claim 21, wherein said 2 telephone line is wireless.
    14
GB0108708A 2000-05-09 2001-04-06 Pseudo telephone conversation Withdrawn GB2365669A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US56736100A 2000-05-09 2000-05-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0108708D0 GB0108708D0 (en) 2001-05-30
GB2365669A true GB2365669A (en) 2002-02-20

Family

ID=24266831

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0108708A Withdrawn GB2365669A (en) 2000-05-09 2001-04-06 Pseudo telephone conversation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2002016723A (en)
DE (1) DE10122349A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2808953A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2365669A (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2343084A (en) * 1998-10-19 2000-04-26 Siemens Inf & Comm Networks Method and system for providing customized audio responses to incoming phone calls.

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI101661B (en) * 1996-01-08 1998-07-31 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Activate the phone's own answering machine according to the caller's number
CA2186926A1 (en) * 1996-10-01 1998-04-01 Peter Couse Customized telephone greeting system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2343084A (en) * 1998-10-19 2000-04-26 Siemens Inf & Comm Networks Method and system for providing customized audio responses to incoming phone calls.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2808953A1 (en) 2001-11-16
JP2002016723A (en) 2002-01-18
GB0108708D0 (en) 2001-05-30
DE10122349A1 (en) 2001-11-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6067516A (en) Speech and text messaging system with distributed speech recognition and speaker database transfers
US5457732A (en) Method and apparatus for delivery of a response in a messaging system
US5835565A (en) Telecommunication system tester with integrated voice and data
US6091802A (en) Telecommunication system tester with integrated voice and data
US5434797A (en) Audio communication system for a computer network
US9583108B2 (en) Voice detection for automated communication system
JPH1079797A (en) Personal telephone agent
CA2947242C (en) Voice call diversion to alternate communication method
US8953471B2 (en) Counteracting spam in voice over internet protocol telephony systems
CN106789128A (en) A kind of method and apparatus for rapidly joining meeting
GB2365669A (en) Pseudo telephone conversation
JPH09504927A (en) Method and apparatus for reliable access to audio and facsimile message storage and retrieval system
US20130151248A1 (en) Apparatus, System, and Method For Distinguishing Voice in a Communication Stream
CN113053374B (en) Large screen control system
JP2007513575A (en) Modem on hold with hands-free
CN111490928A (en) Instant communication message reading and replying method and device and electronic equipment
US11222182B2 (en) Server device, servicing method, and program
JP4633981B2 (en) Voice communication test result determination method and apparatus, and storage medium storing voice communication test result determination program
TW387073B (en) Computer network-Based video conferencing with messaging capability
JP3814120B2 (en) Call recording device
TW202219868A (en) Telemarketing system and telemarketing method
US20050058275A1 (en) Audio source identification
JP2006511156A (en) Telematic system with automatic reconnection support
WO2014152542A2 (en) Voice detection for automated communication system
CN101584147A (en) Method and apparatus for determining availability of a remote party based on interaction with coupled devices

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)