GB2355769A - Method and apparatus for generating motive power - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for generating motive power Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2355769A GB2355769A GB0025139A GB0025139A GB2355769A GB 2355769 A GB2355769 A GB 2355769A GB 0025139 A GB0025139 A GB 0025139A GB 0025139 A GB0025139 A GB 0025139A GB 2355769 A GB2355769 A GB 2355769A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- substance
- gas
- mobile state
- expansion
- released
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
- F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
- F01D1/06—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/02—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being an unheated pressurised gas
Abstract
A motor is driven by expansion of a substance from a less mobile state into a more mobile state, such as from a liquefied gas or from a solid which sublimes, into a gas. Expansion into an expansion chamber of the motor causes relative linear or rotational movement of two parts, such as a piston and cylinder or a rotor and stator. Combustible gases may be recycled after expansion, such as for re-compression or be burnt to provide a heat source or for use in an internal combustion engine. The rotary motor 10 has a rotor 23 caused to rotate within a body 21. The working fluid is released from a vessel 42 and enters an inlet 12 in the body 21, passing through grooves 22 in a face of the rotor 23, into expansion chambers 26 in the rotor 23, and out through angled passages 16 and an exhaust vent 18 in the body. Alternatively, a linear motor (102, Figs 12-15) has a piston (104) which is caused to reciprocate in a cylinder between opposed pairs of oppositely-oriented expansion chambers (106).
Description
2355769 TITLE: Method and apparatus for generating motive power.
DESCRIPTION
This invention concerns a method and apparatus for generating motive power.
The use of fuels in generating motive power is well known. Fuel is normally induced into a mechanism, expanded, compressed and ignited. The most popular form of generating motive power is presently the internal combustion engine. Burning the fuel creates a controlled expansion and desired movement is achieved with release of spent fuel in some form into atmosphere. Unfortunately, the byproducts are known to be harmful in most cases. Diesel is currently a preferred fuel which self-combusts under pressure and apparently has less harmful emissions. Gases such as propane are burned to create movement in the same manner to reduce the release of harmful by-products. Unleaded petrol also has a desired effect of reducing harmful emissions. To try to lessen or extract the release of harmful by-products, appliances are added to the mechanisms, such as catalytic converters. These appliances have a working limit and, although helpful, cannot be con sidered the complete answer. Whilst substantially removing many harmful emissions it is believed that under certain conditions they may also give off harmful by-products. The use of steam, compressed air and electric motors are also well known.
Clearly exhaust emissions can be improved if the fuel itself is less harmful.
2 That is one area on which the present invention seeks to improve, by presenting an alternative means for generating motive power.
According to a first aspect of this invention there is provided a method for generating motive power by using expansion of a substance in a less mobile state into a more mobile state, such as from liquid to gas or solid to gas, to cause relative movement of two parts, According to a second aspect of this invention, there is provided apparatus for generating motive power comprising two relatively movable parts and means for using expansion of a substance in a less mobile state into a more mobile state, such as from liquid to gas or solid to gas, to cause relative movement of said two parts.
The relative movement could be linear or rotational depending on the relationship between said two parts. The expansion of the substance in a less mobile state may be used to exert pressure on an interface between said two parts, whereby one part is caused to move relative to the other.
It is known that gases are normally transported in a liquid form, taking up less space. The gas has gone through liquefaction having changed from its normal physical state to an altered liquefied state. Returning the altered liquefied gas to a gaseou s or gas state for example requires the less mobile material to be released from its confines into say average room temperature and pressure. By virtue of its relevant position or state the material has released potential energy and returned to a normal physical state without damage.
Preferably the said substance in a less mobile state on being released into 3 and returned to a normal physical state without damage.
Preferably the said substance in a less mobile state on being released into the motor absorbs heat and expands into a more highly mobile state supplying pressure on and around an expansion chamber or chambers creating movement on release, which may be timed or regular. Normally inert substances will be used such as liquefied dry air that can be harmlessly discharged into atmosphere. However working the potential energy stored in a liquefied gas offers uses with combustible or harmful gases, for example say liquid propane, with controlled recycling thereof. Combustible gases released from the expansion chamber may be burnt as a predetermined heat source and/or in an internal combustion engine after its potential energy has been worked offering hybrid opportunities.
In application the substance in a less mobile state can be inserted into the apparatus via one or more inlets that may have throttle control or check valves or the like. Less mobile material is preferably inserted, fed or forced through a series of tracks, vents or ports to a rotational or linear type mechanism and released into an expansion chamber or chambers. The altered substance can be retumed to atmosphere or collected for recycling having expelled potential in the form of workmovement. In another form a less mobile flammable or harmful altered substance may be used in the apparatus for achieving movement.
The substance to be used in the invention may be in solid form or in liquid form, although the latter is preferred. If the substance to be used is in a solid altered state, it is preferably one that will sublime on being released, such as, for example, solid carbon dioxide. However, it is preferable to use carbon dioxide in a 4 further internal pressures and the third is the low running temperature of the apparatus, likely removing normal lubrication needs and offering alternate materials options. Once movement has started, timed insertion of the less mobile substance and timely expelling of pressurised gaseous substance can be used to continue the action.
Amounts of the solid or liquefied substance to be used in the invention may depend on the temperature and the pressure required within the expansion chamber or chambers. Changing the substance is also likely to have an effect on mechanical movement. The control of surrounding heat and the restriction of outlet gases must also be considered for altering the mechanism's speed. The amount of the substance to be inserted into the expansion chamber may be calculated on the basis of these main factors. The apparatus and system may be cascaded to increase work potential.
For practical purposes the apparatus of the invention preferably includes protected containment of the mechanisms and delivery system. It is also likely to be insulated in parts for safety and to inhibit any change of state prior to substance insertion. The delivery system preferably includes pump chamber and valve assemblies, whereby delivery may be controlled. Furthermore, the apparatus of the invention may also include a controllable evacuation port to permit a restrained return of the now gaseous substance to an inter-connected converter, changing the gas back into a liquid or solid form for re-use. However gases of a less harmful nature may be released to atmosphere.
Achieved movement may be linear rather than rotational. The altered substance enters the inlet and on expansion within a chamber is released to what may be a warmed exhaust outlet. Slide direction may be predicted by control of saturated liquid, position of insertion and/or position of release. Conceivably a simple piston type method may be used or something more complex. Change of state can be supported with additional heat sources, if required. Exhaust gases and or compressed expanded gas may be collected using various methods or released to atmosphere. Conversely moving parts of the apparatus may become static parts of the apparatus allowing the opposing parts to move.
If dissimilar material parts or coatings are used in the invention, it is likely that they will assist anti-freezing repelling the substances from the mechanism's inner surfaces. Localised or otherwise heat collection and or dispersal may involve the use of colour, material plating and or other such coatings. It is feasible than an operating temperature difference is required from inlet to outlet in the form of situated thermal barriers using dissimilar materials or other methods.
Figure 1 shows schematically apparatus for generating rotational motive power; Figure 2 is a front view of a rotor for the apparatus of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a side view of the rotor of Figure 2; Figure 4 is -a rear view of the rotor of Figure 2; Figure 5 is a side view corresponding to the rear view of Figure 4; Figure 6 is a front view of the main body of the rotor for the apparatus of Figure 1; Figures 7 and 8 are side views of the main body of Figure 6 showing 6 different internal details in broken lines; Figures 9, 10 and 11 show the rotor of the apparatus of Figure 1 in three different operational phases; Figure 12 shows schematically apparatus for generating linear motive power; Figure 13 shows a linear movement device of the apparatus of Figure 12; and Figures 14 and 15 and plan and side views of the movable component of the device of Figure 13.
Referring to Figures 1 to 11 of the accompanying drawings, apparatus for generating motive power comprises of a rotational device 10, having an inlet 12, insertion point 14, positional outlets 16 and exhaust vent 18. The device 10 has a main body 21, a rotor 23 rotatable within the body and a cover 30. The rotor 23 has a drive shaft 27 extending therefrom for transferring rotational motive power. The rotor 23 has grooves 22 in one face, entry points 24 for expansion chambers 26 and outlets 28 from the expansion chambers. The main body has angled passages 16 in a part thereof around the rotor for venting via exhaust vent 18 A substance in a low mobile state may be applied to work in various ways. The apparatus comprises supply line 34, holding vessel for lower mobile substance 36, cumulative mechanism-pump 38 and directional valves 40 and mainfold 42, whereby delivery and use can be controlled. Point of supply is dependent on the mechanism's required movement and control; possibly throttling can be achieved before or after work. The supply line maintains the saturate liquid 7 until it enters the mechanism; and anti-chamber may also be required to maintain supply in equilibrium.
The low mobile state substance is fed into device 10 entering inlet 12 through port 14 to rotor 23 and is dispersed to insertion points 24 for work at expansion chambers 26, whereby the substance expands within the chambers and collects surrounding warmth to assist return to a gaseous state. With motion, rotor 23 is propelled to a point of timed release at positional outlet 16 via chamber venting 28 whereby saturated vapours gas is expelled from outlet 18 to a collection vessel or released to atmosphere (see Figures 9 to 11).
The temperatures used by the system allow lubrication to be supported by the saturated liquid. It is likely that the altered substance contained within the mechanism will appear in all states from insertion to release, for example liquid and gas, controlled internally using managed materials or coatings, repelling techniques, regulated release, insulator discipline and heat collection and release. The apparatus will collect most of its necessary warmth from its surrounding. However controlled heat sources may be used. For example, when the system line is filled with a substance in a less mobile state such as carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen the altered substance is measurably maintained using outer and or inner thermal barriers, inner-residual pressure and or accumulative back pressures. The substances timely insertion into the mechanism's cavity precisely allows the material to expand and absorb selective warmth in some form which assists the altered substance into a more mobile state i.e. if a solid sublimes to become a gas or a liquid it becomes a gas. Accordingly, the substance rapidly expands and 8 exerts pressure upon or within the chamber forcing the expanded gas to timely vent and this release may be adjustable. Moreover, the absorption of heat from the surroundings accelerates the reaction to a point. Modifications to the insertion chamber and or amount-type of altered gas may change movement and or speed. Surrounding the relevant area with heat source or absorption methods, say fins, collecting latent heat is also likely to increase efficiencies, if used correctly.
Figures 12 to 15 of the accompanying drawings show schematically apparatus for achieving linear motive power. The apparatus is generally the same as shown in Figure 1 except that a recycling system 100 has been added that can also be included in the apparatus of Figure 1. Like parts have been given the same reference numbers for simplicity. Instead of a rotational device, there is a linear movement device 102 to provide reciprocal movement for a piston 104 by alternate insertion of a lower mobile state substance into opposed pairs of oppositely-oriented expansion chambers 106. These expansion chambers have similar entry points 108 for the less mobile state substance and exhaust passages 110 for the expanded substance as have the expansion chambers 26 in the previous embodiment.
The invention offers novelty in use of materials, machinery and apparatus for converting the work-potential of less mobile state substances into linear or rotational mechanical movement.
Claims (35)
1 Apparatus for generating motive power comprising two relatively movable parts and means for using expansion of a substance in a less mobile state into a more mobile state, such as frorn liquid to gas or solid to gas, to cause relative movement of said two parts.
2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relative movement is linear or rotational depending on the relationship between said two parts.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the expansion of the substance in a less mobile state is used to exert pressure on an interface between said two parts, whereby one part is caused to move relative to the other.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the substance in a less mobile state on being released into the apparatus absorbs heat and expands into a more highly mobile state supplying pressure on and around an expansion chamber or chambers creating movement on release.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said release is timed or regular.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the subSt2nce is an inert gas in liquid form.
7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the inert gas is liquefied air.
8. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims I to 6, wherein the substance is a combustible gas.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the gas is propane.
10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9 including means for recycling the gas.
11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8 or 9, including an internal combustion engine for burning the combustible gas to generate heat for the apparatus.
12. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, having one or more inlets for insertion of the substance in a less mobile state.
13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein the inlets have throttle control or check valves or the like.
14. Apparatus as claimed in cla im 12 or 13, wherein the less mobile material is inserted, fed or forced through a series of tracks, vents or ports to a rotational or linear type mechanism and released into an expansion chamber or chambers.
15. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the substance to be used is in solid or liquid form.
16. Apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein the substance to be used is one that will sublime on being released.
17. Apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein the substance is solid carbon dioxide.
18. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17 including protected containment of its mechanism and delivery system.
19. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims I to 18 having a delivery system including pump chamber and valve assemblies, whereby delivery is controllable.
20. Apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19 further comprising a controllable evacuation port to permit a restrained return of the now gaseous substance to an inter-connected converter for changing the gas back into a liquid or solid form for re-use.
21. A method for generating motive power by using expansion of a substance in a less mobile state into a more mobile state, such as from liquid to gas or solid to gas, to cause relative movement of two parts.
22. A method as claimed in claim 21., wherein the relative movement is linear or 12 rotational depending on the relationship between said two parts.
23. A method as claimed in claim 21 or 22, wherein the expansion of the substance in a less mobile state is used to exert pressure on an interface between said two parts, whereby one part is caused to move relative to the other.
24. A method as claimed in claim 21, 22 or 23, wherein the substance in a less mobile state on being released into the apparatus absorbs heat and expands into a more highly mobile state supplying pressure on and around an expansion chamber or chambers creating movement on release.
25. A method as claimed in claim 24, wherein said release is timed or regular.
26. A method as claimed in any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the substance is an inert gas in liquid form.
27. Apparatus as claimed in claim 26, wherein the inert gas is liquefied air.
28. A method as claimed in any one of claims 21 to 26, wherein the substance is a combustible gas.
29. A method as claimed in claim 28, wherein the gas is propane.
13 A method as claimed in claim 29 including means for recycling the gas.
31. A method as claimed in claim 28 or 29, including use of an internal combustion engine for burning the combustible gas to generate heat for the apparatus.
32. A method as claimed in any one of claims 21 to 31, wherein the less mobile material is inserted, fed or forced through a series of tracks, vents or ports to a rotational or linear type mechanism and released into an expansion chamber or chambers.
33. A method as claimed in any one of claims 21 to 32, wherein the substance to be used is in solid or liquid form.
34. A method as claimed in claim 33, wherein the substance to be used is one that will sublime on being released.
35. A method as claimed in claim 34, wherein the substance is solid carbon dioxide.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9924283.6A GB9924283D0 (en) | 1999-10-14 | 1999-10-14 | Method and apparatus for generating motive power |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0025139D0 GB0025139D0 (en) | 2000-11-29 |
| GB2355769A true GB2355769A (en) | 2001-05-02 |
Family
ID=10862708
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9924283.6A Ceased GB9924283D0 (en) | 1999-10-14 | 1999-10-14 | Method and apparatus for generating motive power |
| GB0025139A Withdrawn GB2355769A (en) | 1999-10-14 | 2000-10-13 | Method and apparatus for generating motive power |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9924283.6A Ceased GB9924283D0 (en) | 1999-10-14 | 1999-10-14 | Method and apparatus for generating motive power |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU7932900A (en) |
| GB (2) | GB9924283D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001027442A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104061066A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2014-09-24 | 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 | Rotor motor for gas liquefied materials |
| NO2707224T3 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2018-03-24 |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3981229A (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1976-09-21 | Midland-Ross Corporation | Gas powered motor |
| GB2154283A (en) * | 1984-02-18 | 1985-09-04 | Philip Collier | Rotary fluid-flow machine |
| DE3416407A1 (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-11-07 | Christoph 8070 Ingolstadt Müller | Thermal lifting element |
| WO1988010358A1 (en) * | 1987-06-17 | 1988-12-29 | Georges Sagnial | Pneumatic motor with jet-propulsion disk |
| GB2240817A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1991-08-14 | Vni I Kt I Kompressornogo Mash | Reaction-jet turbine |
| GB2276678A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1994-10-05 | Stanwell Technic Ltd | Drinks dispensing system |
| GB2303883A (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-03-05 | John Osborne | Gas engine |
| EP0773346A1 (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-14 | Robert Cort limited | Compressed gas motor |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1283074A (en) * | 1969-05-23 | 1972-07-26 | Alexander Stewart Watt | Re-cycle gas or vapour jet engine |
| US4901525A (en) * | 1988-03-09 | 1990-02-20 | Acurex Corporation | Booster-sustainer rocket engine and method |
| US5347823A (en) * | 1990-04-06 | 1994-09-20 | Alsenz Richard H | Refrigeration system utilizing an enthalpy expansion jet compressor |
| US5313784A (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1994-05-24 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Solid fuel pinwheel power plant and method |
| US5282356A (en) * | 1993-01-07 | 1994-02-01 | Abell Irwin R | Flywheel engine |
| DE19546474C1 (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1997-04-17 | Klein Hans Ulrich Dipl Ing | Internal combustion engine with rotor housing having cylindrical chamber |
-
1999
- 1999-10-14 GB GBGB9924283.6A patent/GB9924283D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2000
- 2000-10-13 WO PCT/GB2000/003934 patent/WO2001027442A1/en active Application Filing
- 2000-10-13 AU AU79329/00A patent/AU7932900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-10-13 GB GB0025139A patent/GB2355769A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3981229A (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1976-09-21 | Midland-Ross Corporation | Gas powered motor |
| GB2154283A (en) * | 1984-02-18 | 1985-09-04 | Philip Collier | Rotary fluid-flow machine |
| DE3416407A1 (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-11-07 | Christoph 8070 Ingolstadt Müller | Thermal lifting element |
| WO1988010358A1 (en) * | 1987-06-17 | 1988-12-29 | Georges Sagnial | Pneumatic motor with jet-propulsion disk |
| GB2240817A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1991-08-14 | Vni I Kt I Kompressornogo Mash | Reaction-jet turbine |
| GB2276678A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1994-10-05 | Stanwell Technic Ltd | Drinks dispensing system |
| GB2303883A (en) * | 1995-08-03 | 1997-03-05 | John Osborne | Gas engine |
| EP0773346A1 (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-14 | Robert Cort limited | Compressed gas motor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU7932900A (en) | 2001-04-23 |
| GB0025139D0 (en) | 2000-11-29 |
| WO2001027442A1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
| GB9924283D0 (en) | 1999-12-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |