GB2345141A - Determining the percentage weight of phases in a multi-phase solution - Google Patents

Determining the percentage weight of phases in a multi-phase solution Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2345141A
GB2345141A GB9929201A GB9929201A GB2345141A GB 2345141 A GB2345141 A GB 2345141A GB 9929201 A GB9929201 A GB 9929201A GB 9929201 A GB9929201 A GB 9929201A GB 2345141 A GB2345141 A GB 2345141A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
phase
solution
weight percentage
phase solution
measuring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB9929201A
Other versions
GB9929201D0 (en
Inventor
Philippe G Robert
Xavier A Mansuy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Publication of GB9929201D0 publication Critical patent/GB9929201D0/en
Publication of GB2345141A publication Critical patent/GB2345141A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
    • G01G19/64—Percentage-indicating weighing apparatus, i.e. for expressing the weight as a percentage of a predetermined or initial weight
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
    • G01N9/36—Analysing materials by measuring the density or specific gravity, e.g. determining quantity of moisture

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

A device for determining a weight percentage Tj of a phase j of a solution comprising x phases, x being greater than or equal to 2, the device comprising:<BR> ```means for measuring x characteristics Y<SB>i</SB> of the x phase solution, and<BR> ```a data processing unit to determine the weight percentage Tj from the following relations: <EMI ID=2.1 HE=26 WI=72 LX=552 LY=847 TI=MF> where Tj is the weight percentage of phase j, K<SB>0x</SB> and K<SB>ix</SB> are constants, Y<SB>i</SB> is one of the x characteristics of the x phase solution measured by one of the means for measuring the x characteristics of the x phase solution, and y<SB>i</SB> is a reference value for the characteristic Y<SB>i</SB>, Y<SB>i</SB> being greater than or equal to 0; K<SB>0j</SB>, K<SB>ix</SB> and Y<SB>i</SB> being predetermined according to the x phase solution, the relation (b) including optionally one or more interacting from characteristics Y<SB>i</SB>. The device may be used in conjuction with a means for measuring and regulating mass flow rates. Typically in a two phase solution, parameters such as density and temperature may be measured. The method is particularly useful when applied to water based solutions of ammonia or acetic acid.

Description

DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE WEIGHT PERCENTAGE OF A SOLUTION CONTAINING x PHASES FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention concerns a device for determining the weight percentage of a solution containing x phases, where x is at least 2. The invention also concerns a regulating device for an equipment comprising such a device, and a method for supplying a regulated amount of solution containing x phases to an equipment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is usual to determine the weight percentage of a solution containing one or more phases by titration, graphical interpolation, or using automated devices.
There exist several types of device for measuring the weight percentage of a solution of several phases.
For example, US patent 5,259,239 describes a device to measure the weight percentage of hydrocarbons in crude oil or natural gas from their density, temperature and conductivity.
There also exist devices to. measure the weight percentages of a twophase solution from the density of each of its phases and the overall density of the two-phase solution.
These devices are especially suitable for determining the weight percentage of heterogeneous solutions such as solid-liquid solutions or oil in water or water in oil dispersions.
Such solutions are two-phase solutions in which the different phases do not interfere with each other. In particular, the use of such devices is appropriate when the phases exhibit no mixing effect, i. e., when the addition of a volume VI of an active phase to a volume V2 of a carrier phase yields a volume V of a two-phase solution, where V = Vl + V2.
When these devices are used with a two-phase solution that exhibits a mixing effect (VI + V2 not equal to V), the weight percentages obtained are unreliable because the inities of the phases for each other are preponderant and cannot be neglected in the determination of the weight percentage of each phase in the two-phase solution.
In addition, during the storage of solutions containing x phases and having high vapor pressures under normal conditions of temperature and pressure, the weight percentage of each phase ranges widely according to the storage conditions (temperature, hygrometry, pressure, etc.). At time of use the weight percentages of the solution are therefore different from there initial weight percentages. Under such conditions it is necessary to carry out an analysis each time the solution is used, and then reset the operating parameters of an installation, for example a chemical reactor, according to the results of this analysis.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of this invention is to provide a device for determining the weight percentages of solutions containing x phases that does not have the disadvantages of the existing devices, in particular for determining the weight percentage of solutions containing a plurality of phases exhibiting mixing effects.
The invention concerns a device for the determination of the weight percentage Tj of a phase j from a solution containing x phases, x being a number greater or equal to 2, comprising means for measuring x of characteristics Y ; of the solution, and a data processing unit for determining the weight percentage Tj from the following :
where Tj is the weight percentage of the phase j, Koj and Kvx are constants, Yi is one of the characteristic of the solution, and y ; is a reference value for the characteristic Ys, y ; being greater than or equal to 0, the relation (b) optionally further including interacting terms from characteristics Yi.
This invention also relates to a regulating device to supply a solution comprising x phases x, being greater than or equal to 2 to equipment, comprising the above device for determining a weight percentage Tj of a phase j of the x phase solution.
The present invention also relates to a method for determining a weight percentage Tj of a phase j of a x phase solution, and a method for regulating supply of a solution comprising x phases to equipment.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other characteristics will appear on reading the following description, with reference to the drawings wherein : Figure 1 is a diagram representing a particular embodiment of the device for determining the weight percentages of a solution according to the invention.
Figure 2 is a diagram representing a regulating device incorporating a particular embodiment of the device of the invention to determine the weight percentages of a two-phase solution comprising an active phase and a carrier phase.
Figure 3 is a diagram representing the regulating device of the invention in a specific equipment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A solution containing x phases is for example a solution containing x-1 active phases, and a carrier phase, for example water, alcohol, etc. An aqueous solution containing acetic acid is, for example, a two-phase solution wherein acetic acid is the active phase and water is the carrier phase.
In the scope of this invention, the weight percentage Tj of a phase j is the weight percentage of that phase j in the solution, containing x phase (weight/weight percentage).
By characteristic Y ; of the solution is meant any physical or chemical characteristic of the solution that varies in time and that is linked directly or indirectly to the weight percentage of one of the x phases in the solution. The characteristics Yi can be for example the temperature, conductivity, optical density, or density, and the like. The characteristics Ys that can be used in the invention are selected according to the nature of the phase j of the solution containing x phases and the conditions in which it is used.
In the scope of the invention, the relation (b) can also include interacting terms from Y ; characteristics when it is wished to improve the accuracy of the determination of the weight percentage Tj.
The device and the method of the invention are particularly suitable for determining the weight percentage of solutions containing phases exhibiting mixing effects and (or) high vapor pressures under normal conditions of temperature and pressure.
According to a specific embodiment, the device for determining the weight percentage Tj is such that means for measuring x characteristics Y ; of the solution include means for measuring the temperature of the x phase solution.
According to another embodiment, the device for determining the weight percentage Tj is such that means for measuring x characteristics Yi of the solution include means for measuring the temperature of the solution and means for measuring the density of the x-phase solution.
These embodiments are. particularly suitable for equipment in which the temperature of the solution is not under control.
Figure 1 shows a specific embodiment of the device for determining a weight percentage Tj of a phase j of a x phase solution. On Figure 1, the device comprises x means for measuring x characteristics Yi of a x phase solution, these means comprising means for measuring the density of the solution 30 and means for measuring the temperature of the solution 32.
The information generated respectively by the means 30 and 32 are fed to a data processing unit 36 that is able to determine the weight percentage Tj of the phase j of the solution according to the relations (a) and (b) defined above, using a suitable program.
Figure 2 shows a regulating device including a specific device of the invention for determining the weight percentage Tl of a two-phase solution comprising an active phase and a carrier phase. Such a regulating device can be however used for determining the weight percentage of a solution comprising x phases when it is desired to determine the, weight percentage of two of the x phases of the solutions.
On Figure 2, it is represented means for measuring the density of the 2 phase solution 30, means for measuring the temperature of the 2-phase solution 32, and a data processing unit 36 as defined above with reference to Figure 1.
Figure 2 also shows means for measuring the mass Q of the two-phase solution 34 supplied to equipment 26 shown in Figure 3 and described in detail in the description below. The means for measuring the mass Q of the two-phase solution 34 can be a mass meter, for example a mass flow meter.
The information collected at the output of the data processing unit 36 and at the output of the means for measuring the mass Q of the two-phase solution 34 is collected by a second data processing unit 38, which contains a program adapted to determining the quantity of active phase Tl*Q to be supplied to equipment 26.
This quantity of active phase T, *Q is compared with a specified set value provided by the controller 44 through the data processing unit 42.
Figure 3 shows an example of a specific embodiment that comprises the regulating device detailed on Figure 2 including means for measuring characteristic Yi 30,32, means for measuring the mass Q 34; and data processing units 36,38 and 42. Figure 3 also shows a tank for storing the solution 20, means for conveying the solution 10, 12 and 14 to the equipment 26, and a supplying controller means 24 controlling the supply of the solution to equipment 26. The equipment 26 can be a receiver, a reactor, etc. The supplying controller means 24 can be an electrically operated valve that can be combined with a pump.
The solution stored in the tank 20 is conveyed into the regulating device detailed on Figure 2, from which the quantity of phase j, Tj*Q to be supplied to the equipment 26 is determined. When this quantity is greater than or equal to the specified set value provided by the controller 44, the data processing unit 42 interrupts the supply of solution to the equipment 26 by the supplying controller means 24.
In the relations defined above, it is necessary to determine constants K, d beforehand. These constants must be predefined for each phase j of the x phase solution for which the weight percentage Tj is to be determined. From these constants and using an appropriate calculator, the relations (a) and (b) defined above are established for a specific x phase solution and then used in the data processing unit 36.
These relations are established from standard solutions of known weight percentages, from which the characteristics Yi are measured.
The terms y ; are reference values defined by the average value of the interval of variation of the characteristics Y ;, measured in the operating conditions of a given solution. For example, if it is desired to determine the weight percentage Tj of a x phase solution by measuring Yl and if Y ; of the x phase solution can range from A to B, y ; is then equal to A+B/2.
Depending on the required accuracy of the measure, additional interacting terms can be added to the relations (b) defined above, such as Kz (Y ;-yi) * (Yx-Yx) Kz (Ys+l-Yi+l) * (YX-yx), Kz Y ;-yi) * (Yi+l-yi. *... * (Yx-Yx) where K2 is a constant, with j different from ix.
To improve the accuracy of the measure of the weight percentage Tj, it is preferable to use standard solutions having weight percentages of the same order of magnitude as the weight percentages of the x phase solution to be determined.
Obviously, the relation defined above can be extended with higher order terms to obtain a higher accuracy in the determination of the weight percentage Tj.
According to a specific embodiment, the device of the invention is a device for the determination of the weight percentage T, of the active phase of a two-phase solution comprising an active phase and a carrier phase. In this embodiment, the device comprise means for measuring the temperature of the solution and means for measuring the density of the solution, and a processing unit for determining the weight percentage Tl from the following relation (b) Tl = Kol + K (Yl-y) + K2l (Y2-y2) wherein Y, is the temperature of the two phase solution and Yz is the density of the two phase solution, y, is a reference temperature, y2 is a reference density value, and Kol, Kil and K21 are constants.
These constants are determined from standard two-phase solutions of known weight percentages. For each of these standard solutions, the density is measured for a given temperature, and then using a suitable calculator the relation Tl = Kol + Ku (T-t) + K2S (D-d) is established. Tt can then be determined from the measurement of the temperature T and the density D of a two-phase solution.
For a better accuracy of measurement, the relation used in the processing unit 36 can include an interaction term. In this case, the weight percentage is determined from the relation Tl = Kol + Kil (T-t) + K2, (D-d) + K (T-t) * (D-t).
According to the invention, the regulating device is especially useful in a method for regulating the supply of a solution comprising x phases to an equipment, which comprises supplying the equipment with the solution, and regulating the x phase solution supplied to the equipment by means of the regulation device of the invention. This method is particularly reliable when the solution is a homogeneous solution that can exhibit mixing effect.
For example, the method of the invention is particularly useful for an aqueous solution containing ammonia, or an aqueous solution containing acetic acid wherein ammonia or acetic acid is the active phase and water the carrier phase.
The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

  1. WHAT IS CLAIMED IS: 1. A device for determining a weight percentage Tj of a phase j of a solution comprising x phases, x being greater than or equal to 2, said device comprising : means for measuring x characteristics Y ; of said x phase solution, and a data processing unit for determining the weight percentage Tj from the following relations
    wherein Tj is the weight percentage of the phase j, Koj and Km arc constants, Yj is one of the characteristic of the solution, and yi is a reference value for the characteristic Yi, y ; being greater than or equal to 0 ; the relation (b) optionally including interacting terms from characteristics Y ;.
  2. 2. The device according to claim 1 wherein the means for measuring x characteristics Y ; of said x phase solution include at least a means for measuring the temperature of said x phase solution.
  3. 3. The device according to claim I wherein the means for measuring x characteristics Y ; of said x phase solution include at least a means for measuring the temperature of said x phase solution and a means for measuring the density of said x phase solution.
  4. 4. The device according to claim 3 for determining the weight percentage of an active phase T, of a two-phase solution comprising the active phase (1) and a carrier phase wherein the relation (b) is defined as follows: T, = Kol + Kll (Yl-yl) + K-y) wherein Yl is the temperature of the two-phase solution and Y2 is the density of the two-phase solution.
  5. 5. A regulating device to supply a solution comprising x phases x, being greater than or equal to 2 to equipment, the device comprising a device for determining a weight percentage Tj of a phase j of the x phase solution, comprising: means for measuring x characteristics Yj of said x phase solution, and a data processing unit to determine the weight percentage Tj from the followingrelations
    wherein Tj is the weight percentage of the phase j, Koj and KL, are constants, Yj is one of the characteristic of the solution, and yi is a reference value for the characteristic Yi, yi being greater than or equal to 0; the relation (b) optionally including interacting terms from characteristics Y ;, and further comprising means for measuring the mass Q of the x phase solution supplied to the equipment, a data processing unit for determining the quantity of a phase j supplied to the equipment according to the relation Tj*Q, means for comparing Tj*Q with a specified set value, and means for regulating the supply of the x phase solution to the equipment, the supply of the x phase solution being interrupted when Tj*Q is greater than or equal to the specified set value.
  6. 6. A method for determining a weight percentage Tj of a phase j of the x phase solution, x being greater than or equal to 2, that comprises measuring x characteristics Yj of said x phase solution, and determining the weight percentage Tj from the following relations
    wherein Tj is the weight percentage of the phase j, Koj and Kix are constants, Yj is one of the characteristic of the solution, and yi is a reference value for the characteristic Yi, yi being greater than or equal to 0; the relation (b) optionally including interacting terms from characteristics Yi
  7. 7. The method according to claim 6 wherein at least one phase of said x phase solution exhibits mixing effects when mixed with the other phases.
  8. 8. The method according to claim 6 wherein at least one phase of said x phase solution has a high vapour pressure in normal conditions of temperature and pressure.
  9. 9. The method according to claim 6 wherein said x phase solution is a homogeneous solution.
  10. 10. A method for regulating supply of a solution comprising x phases, x being greater than or equal to 2, to an equipment, the method comprising: measuring x characteristics Y ; of said x phase solution, determining the weight percentage Tj from the following relations
    wherein Tj is the weight percentage of the phase j, Koj and K, x are constants, Yj is one of the characteristic of the solution, and yi is a reference value for the characteristic Y ;, y ; being greater than or equal to 0; the relation (b) optionally including interacting terms from characteristics Yi, measuring the mass Q of the x phase solution supplied to the equipment, determining the quantity of a phase j supplied to the equipment according to the relation Tj*Q, comparing Tj*Q with a specified set value, and regulating the supply of the x phase solution to the equipment, the supply of the x phase solution being interrupted when Tj*Q is greater than or equal to the specified set value.
GB9929201A 1998-12-24 1999-12-10 Determining the percentage weight of phases in a multi-phase solution Withdrawn GB2345141A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9816592 1998-12-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9929201D0 GB9929201D0 (en) 2000-02-02
GB2345141A true GB2345141A (en) 2000-06-28

Family

ID=9534637

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9929201A Withdrawn GB2345141A (en) 1998-12-24 1999-12-10 Determining the percentage weight of phases in a multi-phase solution

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2345141A (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2176156A (en) * 1985-06-07 1986-12-17 Tunturipyoerae Oy Foldable wheelchair
GB2210461A (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-06-07 Texaco Development Corp Method and apparatus for monitoring the flow of a multi-phase petroleum stream
GB2217848A (en) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-01 British Nuclear Fuels Plc Monitoring the chemical composition of a fluid
GB2253701A (en) * 1991-02-15 1992-09-16 Chell Instr Limited Air leakage monitoring methods

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2176156A (en) * 1985-06-07 1986-12-17 Tunturipyoerae Oy Foldable wheelchair
GB2210461A (en) * 1987-09-30 1989-06-07 Texaco Development Corp Method and apparatus for monitoring the flow of a multi-phase petroleum stream
GB2217848A (en) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-01 British Nuclear Fuels Plc Monitoring the chemical composition of a fluid
GB2253701A (en) * 1991-02-15 1992-09-16 Chell Instr Limited Air leakage monitoring methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9929201D0 (en) 2000-02-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5934255A (en) Fuel control system
JP2005506895A (en) Flow-based chemical dispensing system
US20130094312A1 (en) Voltage scaling device of semiconductor memory
US7258132B2 (en) Electronically controlled back pressure regulator
DE69713117T2 (en) Dispenser with mixing of components depending on the octane content
CN101979492B (en) Laboratory liquor blending device and electromagnetic valve selection method
CN101019007A (en) Attitude insensitive flow device system and method
Sykes et al. Aspartate Transcarbamylase: A STUDY BY TRANSIENT NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE OF THE BINDING OF SUCCINATE TO THE NATIVE ENZYME AND ITS CATALYTIC SUBUNIT
Ting et al. Chemical-physical interpretation of cosolvent effects in supercritical fluids
CA3065296C (en) Systems and methods for methane number generation
PL189668B1 (en) Method of and system for generating a stream of a gaseous mixture of constant concentration
CN113375858A (en) Pressure controller and pressure calibration method based on same
Baes Jr et al. The interpretation of equilibrium data from synergistic solvent extraction systems
GB2345141A (en) Determining the percentage weight of phases in a multi-phase solution
CN112903853B (en) Control system and control method of high performance liquid chromatograph
CN114906913B (en) Intelligent learning-based chemical dephosphorization accurate dosing system and device
JP2005273577A (en) Liquefied gas fuel supply device
WO2007136298A1 (en) Method for recording fuel consumption at a service station and a device for carrying out said method.
CN110857913B (en) Measuring device, etching system, silicon concentration measuring method, and silicon concentration measuring program
Wilhelm Determination of caloric quantities of dilute liquid solutions
CN115078617B (en) Identification method, identification system, identification terminal device and identification storage medium for chromatographic peak retention time
You et al. Multiphase behavior and critical loci in binary mixtures using a new equation of state based on the nonrandom lattice-fluid theory
CN116069072B (en) Method, device, equipment and storage medium for controlling addition amount of reagent ammonia water
Jordan Nuclear relaxation rates in the hexaamminecobalt (III)-dimethyl sulfoxide system
Breviglieri et al. Studies of FeIII behaviour in the presence of bis (2-hydroxyethyl) dithiocarbamate

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)