GB2336278A - Multiplex communication system - Google Patents
Multiplex communication system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2336278A GB2336278A GB9914328A GB9914328A GB2336278A GB 2336278 A GB2336278 A GB 2336278A GB 9914328 A GB9914328 A GB 9914328A GB 9914328 A GB9914328 A GB 9914328A GB 2336278 A GB2336278 A GB 2336278A
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- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- node device
- message data
- data
- devices
- node devices
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/16—Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
- H04J3/1682—Allocation of channels according to the instantaneous demands of the users, e.g. concentrated multiplexers, statistical multiplexers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/403—Bus networks with centralised control, e.g. polling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/0315—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for using multiplexing techniques
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40267—Bus for use in transportation systems
- H04L2012/40273—Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being a vehicle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
Abstract
In a multiplex communication system in which operational data is transmitted to a bus line 21, transmitting and receiving nodes can be identified without having to append address data to message data, thereby avoiding a time lag in control processing of vehicle-loaded equipment. One of node devices serving as the master node device M has set the transmission cycle of message data transmitted onto the bus line 21 as a cycle of a start pulse that is sent to the bus line 21. This cycle has been set so as not to cause a time lag in data processing executed by the respective node devices. Each time interval between the start pulses is divided into a plurality of time slots. The time slots have been allocated to the individual node devices so that message data can be transmitted from the respective devices in the associated time slots.
Description
2336278 MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION SYSTEM This application is divided from
application no. GB 9521853.3.
The present invention relates to a multiplex communication system and, more particularly, to a multiplex communication system which is adequate to efficiently transmit and receive data formed of a plurality of bits among a plurality of transmitting and receiving devices, and which is thus suitable for collecting information indicating states of vehicleloaded equipment and for controlling the driving of the equipment.
Generally, a typical communication system loaded in a vehicle is widely employed to transmit and receive data that is used for collecting information representing states of vehicleloaded equipment, for controlling the driving of the equipment, for controlling the driving of the equipment and for other purposes. The communication system of this type comprises a single bus line, a plurality of control units, i.e., node stationsf connected to the bus line, and actuators attached to the respective node stations. Message data transmitted and received among the respective node stations includes data for controlling the actuators and address data indicating the sender and the receiver of the message, and is transmitted cyclically onto the bus line.
Along with the substantial increase in the number of electrical equipment loaded in a vehicle, the amount of signal data passing through a bus line forming a communication system is also increasing. Message data in the system according to the technique discussed above is cyclically transmitted. For example, every time a transmission cycle is started, all the items of operational data, i.e., data 1, data 2, data 3, data 4 and data 5 which are output from first to fifth vehicle-loaded control units, respectively, are sequentially transmitted to the bus line.
The communication system of the above type presents the following problems. A larger number of control units for transmitting the operational data results I an increase in the number of items of operational data to be transmitted during one transmission cycle. Accordingly, the time interval between the transmission of the same item of data (for example, data 1) becomes longer, which delays the timing of transmitting the latest operational data (for example, data 1).
Additionally, each message data contains address data, which disadvantageously increases the amount of data transmitted to the bus line, thereby causing a greater time lag in the data processing of the entire communication system.
Accordingly, various troubles may be caused due to such a delay in data processing in the above-described vehicle-loaded communication system. In particular, a delay in the data processing relative to the actuators, for example, a diagnostic system for the engine, such as a throttle sensor, which is required to be operated very quickly in response to data, is very critical. In other words, among the vehicle-loaded control units, some devices generate operational signals (data) which need to be transmitted urgently, such as a collision detecting section that generates air bag signals, a door locklunlock detecting section that generates door lock/unlock signals, etc., while other units produce operational signals (data) which do not need to be transmitted urgently, such as a window opening/closing section that generates window opening/closing instruction signals, a mirror actuating section that produces remote control mirror driving signals. A time 5 lag in the transmission timing of the former type of signals (data) that need to be transmitted urgently jeopardises the safety for the driver and passengers. It is thus very important to solve this problem and aforementioned application 9521853.3 discloses a solution.
An object of the present invention is to provide a multiplex communication system in which the transmitting and receiving node devices can be identified without having to append address data to the transmitting message data, and a large amount of data can be transmitted without interfering with each other, thereby avoiding a time lag in the processing of controlling vehicle-loaded equipment or the like.
According to the present invention, there is provided a multiplex communication system comprising a plurality of node devices connected to a bus line so as to cyclically transmit and receive message data with each other and to execute processing of the received data, wherein one said node device functions as a master node device so as to determine a transmission cycle of the message data from all node devices and to control the transmission timing within said transmission cycle at which each of said node devices, including its own device, transmits the message data onto said bus line, said transmission timing being associated with each of said node devices so that each of said devices sends the message data to be addressed to another device onto said bus line at said transmission timing determined by said master node device; wherein said time slot provided at said transmission timing associated with each of said node devices is divided into a plurality of sub-time slots, said sub-time slots being arranged so as to correspond to the individual node devices to receive message data transmitted from one of said node devices.
According to the invention, the timing at which each node device transmits message data has been determined. Also, the individual sub-time slots obtained by dividing the time slot that is arranged at the abovedescribed predetermined timing are allocated to the individual node devices to receive the message data. With this arrangement, each node device is able to transmit message data to a desired end device without having to append the sender and receiver information to the transmitting data merely by carrying the data onto the sub-time slot provided for the associated end node device with the time slot allocated to its own device.
Through use of this multiplex communication system, it is thus possible to perform faster transmission of message data without a time loss, which further shortens a transmission cycle of message data from the respective node devices. By the application of this system to vehicleloaded equipment or the like, it is possible to prevent a time lag in the processing of controlling the equipment.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the construction of a multiplex communication system according to 30 an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 illustrates the construction of message data transmitted to the bus line in the system shown in Figure and Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the second embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A detailed description will now be given of an embodiment of a multiplex communication system according to the present invention.
Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating the construction of a multiplex communication system according to the second embodiment. Figure 2 illustrates the construction of message data transmitted to a bus line. Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating the operation of this embodiment. Figure 1 shows a bus line 21, a master node device M, slave node devices A and B, actuators Da to De, and switches Sa to Sh.
More specifically, the multiplex communication system of the embodiment comprises the single common bus line 21, the master node device M connected to the bus line 21 so as to determine the transmission timings of all the items of message data in the communication system, and a plurality of slave node devices A and B connected to the bus line 21. It will now be assumed that this system is installed in a vehicle for controlling the vehicle-loaded equipment and for other reasons. The master node device M isconnected to peripheral equipment, for example, mounted on the driver's seat, such as switches Sa and Sb indicating the states of the door and the window and the state of the window opening/closing switch, etc., and actuators Da and Db, such as a door lock motor, a power window motor, etc. With this construction, the master node device M collects data indicating the state of the switches Sa and Sb and transmits it to the bus line 21 as required so as to exert control over the actuators Da and Db. On the other hand, the slave node devices A and B are connected to peripheral equipment, for example, mounted on the passenger's front seat and on the rear seats so that they can collect and transmit data so as to exert control over the respective actuators, in a manner similar to the master node device M.
Each of the master node device M and the slave node devices A and B is provided with a CPU. The master node device M takes the initiative in determining the transmission timing and cycle of the message data onto the bus line 21. More specifically, the node device M exerts control over the transmission timing and cycle by use of a clock timer of the CPU contained in its own device so that the message data can be transmitted to the bus line 21 from each of the master node device M and the slave node devices A and B at a predetermined timing and cycle. The master node device M transmits and receives message data with the salve node devices A and B in accordance with the abovedescribed predetermined timing and cycle so that it can exert control over required actuators.
The transmission timing and cycle of the message data transmitted to the bus line 21 are determined as indicated In Fig. 2 This will be explained in greater detail below.
As shown in Fig. 2, the transmission cycle of the message data has been set as a start pulse transmitted to the bus line 21 from the master node device M. This cycle has been set so as not to cause a time lag in the data processing executed in the respective node devices. Each of the time intervals between start pulses is divided into a plurality of time slots which have been allocated to the individual node devices, during which slot the node devices transmit and receive message data with each other.
In the example shown in Fig. 2, in a first time slot subsequent to the start pulse, the master node device M transmits message data to the other node devices. In a second time slot, the slave node device A transmits message data to the other node devices. In a third time slot, the slave node device B transmits message data to the other node devices. Similarly, subsequent time slots are arranged for executing data transmission among different node devices. For identifying the respective time slots, time intervals, which are different from the pulse length of the start pulse, each intervene between the time slots.
Each time slot used for transmitting message data from each node device to the other node devices is divided into a plurality of sub-time slots which can carry data formed of one bit or a plurality of bits. Each time slot has been allotted to a predetermined node device for transmitting message data, as described above, and the sub-time slots - 8 have also been allocated to the end node devices to receive such data. For example, the leading sub-time slot within the time slot allocated to the data transmission of the slave node device A is used to transmit message data from the slave node device A to the master node device M. A subsequent sub-time slot is used to transmit message data from the slave node device A to the slave node device B. As has been discussed above, in the embodiment the timing and cycle for transmitting message data to the bus line 21 have been determined. Additionally, during the individual sub-time slots within each time slot that can carry message data, it has been determined which node device can transmit data to which end device. With this arrangement, each node device connected to the bus line 21 can be notified which message data is to be addressed to its own device merely by monitoring the time slots on the bus line 21 after acknowledging the receipt of a start pulse from the master node device M. Each node device can also be notified which time slot can be used to transmit message data from its own device.
This arrangement enables each of the node devices, including the master node device M, to receive message data from the other node devices as required, and to control the actuator, etc. connected to its own device. Each node device is also able to transmit to a desired node device the state of switches indicating the status of the various types of equipment connected to its own device.
The operation of this embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the flow chart of Fig. 3. In this embodiment, the multiplex communication system constructed of the master node device M and the slave node devices A and B, all of which are connected to the bus line 21, will be taken as an example.
(1) The master node device M first transmits a start pulse to the bus line 21 (step 301).
(2) Subsequent to the transmission of the start pulse, the time slat allocated to the data transmission of the master node device M is started. The node device M thus transmits message data that is addressed to a desired slave node device by use of the associated sub-time slot (step 302).
(3) Upon completion of the transmission by use of the time slot allocated to the master node device M, a subsequent time slot allocated to the data transmission of the slave node device A is initiated. The master node device M thus monitors the start of transmitting message data from the slave node device A (step 303), and also monitors a lapse of a predetermined time provided for transmission from the node device A (step 305).
(4) If there is any message data addressed to the master node device M from the slave node device A, the node device M receives it by use of the sub-time slot allocated to its own device (step 304).
(5) If the transmission of the message data from the slave node device A is not started after a lapse of the above-described transmission predetermined time (step 305), the master node device M executes transmission error handling in respect of the slave node device A (step 306).
(6) Upon completion of data transmission by use of the previous time slot, a subsequent time slot allocated to data transmission of the slave node device B is started. The master node device M monitors the start of the transmission of message data from the slave node device B (step 307), and also monitors a lapse of a predetermined transmission time provided for the node device B (step 309).
(7) If there is any message data addressed to the master node device M from the slave node device B, the node device M receives the data by use of the sub-time slot allotted to its own device (step 308).
(8) If the transmission of the message data from the slave node device B is not started after a lapse of the above-described predetermined time, the master node device M executes transmission error handling in respect of the slave node device 5 (step 310).
(9) The master node device M goes into a standby position until the transmission time of a subsequent start pulse is reached (step 311), and returns to step 301 to transmit the subsequent start pulse (step 311).
The operation of the system has been discussed in terms of the sequence of the master node device M. An explanation will now be given of the operation of the slave node device A in relation to the master node device M.
(10) The slave node device A monitors the bus line 21 in the standby position until a start pulse is transmitted from the master node device M (step 321).
(11) Upon acknowledgement of the receipt of the start pulse, the time slot allocated to the data transmission of the master node M is started. The slave node device A thus receives the message data from the master node device M in the sub-time slot allocated to its own device (step 322).
(12) Upon completion of the previous slot, a subsequent time slot allocated to the data transmission of the slave node device A is initiated. The node.device A thus transmits message data that is to be addressed to the master node device M and the other slave node device by use of the respective associated sub-time slots (step 323).
(13) A subsequent time slot allocated to the data transmission of the slave node device B is started. The node device A thus monitors the start of transmitting message data from the node device B (step 324), and also monitors a lapse of a predetermined transmission time provided for the node device B (step 326).
(14) If there is any message data addressed to the slave node device A from the node device B, the node device A receives the data in the subtime slot allotted to its own device (step 325).
(15) If the transmission,of the message data from the slave node device B is not started after a lapse of the above-described predetermined transmission time, the node device A executes transmission error handling in respect of the node device B (step 327).
(16) Upon completion of the processing of either of - 12 steps 325 or 327, the slave node device A returns to step 321 to continue to receive data in a subsequent cycle.
The slave node device B is operated in a manner similar to the node device A. An explanation will thus be given only of the operation in which the node device B ignores the message data transmitted from the node device A.
(17) The slave node device B monitors the bus line 21 and is stationed at the standby position until it receives a start pulse from the master node device M (step 331).
(18) Upon acknowledgement of the receipt of the start pulse, the time slot allocated to the data transmission of the master node device M is started. The slave node device B thus receives the message data contained in the sub-time slot allotted to its own device (step 332).
(19) Upon completion of the previous slot, a subsequent mission or the slave node device A is started. During this time slot, the node device B can ignore the unnecessary data from the node device A (step 333), and can be stationed in the standby position until the transmission of the message data from the slave node device A is completed (step 334).
(20) Upon completion of the previous time slot, the time slot allocated to the data transmission of the slave node device B is started. The node device B thus transmits message data that is to be addressed to the master node device M and the other slave node device by use of the respective associated sub-time slots (step 335), and returns to step 331 to continue to receive subsequent data.
1 This embodiment has been explained in which the multiplex communication system is constructed of the master node device M and the slave node devices A and B, all of which are connected to the common bus line 21. However, this construction is not exclusive. The present invention is also operable when the slave node devices are connected to a plurality of bus lines.
Also, in this embodiment, the master node device M takes the initiative in determining the transmission timing of message data from each of the node devices onto the bus line. However, the master node device M may be constructed as desired. Also, if the master node device M becomes at fault during operation, a desired slave node device may be constructed to act as the master node device. This modification can be achieved by programming into each node device, conditions, such as the states of the other node devices required when its own device functions as the master node device.
As will be clearly understood from the foregoing description, the present invention offers the following advantage.
Each node device is able to transmit message data to a desired end device without appending the sender and receiver information to the data merely by carrying the data onto the sub-time slot corresponding to the end node device within the 3 0 time slot allocated to its own device. This makes it possible to perform faster transmission of message data with a time loss, which further shortens a transmission cycle of message data from the respective node devices, thereby preventing a time lag in the control processing of vehicle-loaded equipment
Claims (4)
1. A multiplex communication system comprising a plurality of node devices connected to a bus line so as to cyclically transmit and receive message data with each other and to execute processing of the received data, wherein one said node device functions as a master node device so as to determine a transmission cycle of the message data from all node devices and to control the transmission timing within said transmission cycle at which each of said node devices, including its own device, transmits the message data onto said bus line, said transmission timing being associated with each of said node devices so that each of said devices sends the message data to be addressed to another device onto said bus line at said transmission timing determined by said master node device; wherein a time slot provided at said transmission timing associated with each of said node devices is divided into a plurality of sub-time slots, said sub-time slots being arranged so as to correspond to the individual node devices to receive message data transmitted from one of said node devices.
2. A multiplex communication system according to Claim 1, wherein one of said node devices acts as saia master node device if a failure occurs to said master node device.
3. A multiplex communication system according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein each of said node devices, including said master node device, has a CPU; wherein the CPU of said master node device determines said transmission cycle and said transmission timing associated with each of said node devices arranged within said cycle, while the CPUs of said node devices, including said master node device, controls the transmission timings so that the message data is transmitted from said 1 - is devices at the timings determined by the CPU of said master node device.
4. A multiplex communication or control system substantially as hereinbefore described, with reference to, and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6275055A JPH08140165A (en) | 1994-11-09 | 1994-11-09 | Multiplex communication system |
| JP195295A JP3281734B2 (en) | 1995-01-10 | 1995-01-10 | Multiplex communication system |
| GB9521853A GB2295070B (en) | 1994-11-09 | 1995-10-25 | Multiplex communication system |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9914328D0 GB9914328D0 (en) | 1999-08-18 |
| GB2336278A true GB2336278A (en) | 1999-10-13 |
| GB2336278B GB2336278B (en) | 1999-11-17 |
Family
ID=27267957
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9914328A Expired - Fee Related GB2336278B (en) | 1994-11-09 | 1995-10-25 | Multiplex communication system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2336278B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2177443A1 (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2002-12-01 | Lear Automotive Edds Spain S L | Distributed system and method for the remote acquisition of data in packets with a communication protocol which optimizes the transmission speed |
| EP1396963A1 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2004-03-10 | Omron Corporation | Safety network system and safety slaves and safety controller and communication method and information gathering method and monitoring method in safety network system |
| ITCS20110019A1 (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-15 | E D P Srl | SYSTEM AND DATA TRANSMISSION / RECEPTION DEVICE ON CURRENT POWER SUPPLY LINE |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105128779B (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-05-10 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Load switching information collecting system for vehicle body controller |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0194130A1 (en) * | 1985-03-05 | 1986-09-10 | Sony Corporation | Electronic apparatus control systems |
| US4907222A (en) * | 1988-08-17 | 1990-03-06 | Nuvatec, Inc. | Vehicle multiplex system |
| GB2291568A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1996-01-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Master-slave data communication system |
-
1995
- 1995-10-25 GB GB9914328A patent/GB2336278B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0194130A1 (en) * | 1985-03-05 | 1986-09-10 | Sony Corporation | Electronic apparatus control systems |
| US4907222A (en) * | 1988-08-17 | 1990-03-06 | Nuvatec, Inc. | Vehicle multiplex system |
| GB2291568A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1996-01-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Master-slave data communication system |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2177443A1 (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2002-12-01 | Lear Automotive Edds Spain S L | Distributed system and method for the remote acquisition of data in packets with a communication protocol which optimizes the transmission speed |
| EP1396963A1 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2004-03-10 | Omron Corporation | Safety network system and safety slaves and safety controller and communication method and information gathering method and monitoring method in safety network system |
| EP1396963A4 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2008-06-18 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Safety network system and safety slaves and safety controller and communication method and information gathering method and monitoring method in safety network system |
| ITCS20110019A1 (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2013-01-15 | E D P Srl | SYSTEM AND DATA TRANSMISSION / RECEPTION DEVICE ON CURRENT POWER SUPPLY LINE |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2336278B (en) | 1999-11-17 |
| GB9914328D0 (en) | 1999-08-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20071025 |