GB2326626A - Motor vehicle heat exchanger installation - Google Patents

Motor vehicle heat exchanger installation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2326626A
GB2326626A GB9809634A GB9809634A GB2326626A GB 2326626 A GB2326626 A GB 2326626A GB 9809634 A GB9809634 A GB 9809634A GB 9809634 A GB9809634 A GB 9809634A GB 2326626 A GB2326626 A GB 2326626A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
air
vehicle according
vehicle
heat exchangers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9809634A
Other versions
GB9809634D0 (en
GB2326626B (en
Inventor
William Richard Hutchins
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MG Rover Group Ltd
Original Assignee
MG Rover Group Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MG Rover Group Ltd filed Critical MG Rover Group Ltd
Publication of GB9809634D0 publication Critical patent/GB9809634D0/en
Publication of GB2326626A publication Critical patent/GB2326626A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2326626B publication Critical patent/GB2326626B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/18—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/08—Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F02B29/0425—Air cooled heat exchangers
    • F02B29/0431—Details or means to guide the ambient air to the heat exchanger, e.g. having a fan, flaps, a bypass or a special location in the engine compartment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/10—Guiding or ducting cooling-air, to, or from, liquid-to-air heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/18—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers
    • F01P2003/182—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers with multiple heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/02—Intercooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/14—Condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
    • F01P5/04—Pump-driving arrangements
    • F01P5/043—Pump reversing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/045—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly
    • F02B29/0475—Constructional details of the heat exchangers, e.g. pipes, plates, ribs, insulation, materials, or manufacturing and assembly the intake air cooler being combined with another device, e.g. heater, valve, compressor, filter or EGR cooler, or being assembled on a special engine location
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Description

Motor Vehicle Heat Exchanger Installation The invention relates to motor vehicle heat exchanger installations.
Typically an engine coolant radiator and an air conditioning condenser are arranged in a front end region of the vehicle ahead of the engine, with the air conditioning condenser being arranged in front of the engine coolant radiator. A charge air cooler is typically placed behind the engine coolant radiator. A problem with this arrangement is that the charge air cooler tends to restrict the air flow through the air conditioning condenser and when the vehicle is at a standstill air which has passed through the heat exchangers drifts forwards and is recirculated back through the heat exchangers. This can reduce the cooling effect to the extent that the air conditioning system fails to function properly or the engine overheats. The present invention addresses this problem.
According to the present invention there is provided a motor vehicle having first, second and third heat exchangers comprising respectively an air conditioning condenser, an engine coolant radiator and a charge air cooler, all arranged in a front end region of the vehicle ahead of the engine, a bumper or like external body feature extending across the front of the vehicle, an upper air intake arranged above the bumper, a lower air intake arranged below the bumper and forward and rearward fan assemblies, the first and second heat exchangers and the forward fan assembly being arranged in series in the path of air from the upper air intake, the third heat exchanger being arranged in the path of air from the lower air intake and the rearward fan being arranged to draw air from both upper and lower air intakes through said heat exchangers.
Preferably the second heat exchanger is arranged in front of the first heat exchanger. This gives maximum cooling for the air conditioning condenser.
The forward fan assembly is conveniently arranged in front of the first and second heat exchangers. This is a convenient location in that the space required for the fan assembly is not usually required for other components.
The forward fan assembly is conveniently electric motor driven.
The first and second heat exchangers may be tilted away from the vertical towards the rear of the vehicle. This helps to maximise the surface area of the heat exchangers without unduly increasing the height of the vehicle in that region.
The third heat exchanger is conveniently arranged at approximately 90" to the first and second heat exchangers. However it may also be arranged approximately parallel to the first and second heat exchangers.
A fourth heat exchanger comprising an oil cooler ntay be arranged in the path of air from the lower air intake, in which case the fourth heat exchanger may be arranged parallel to the third heat exchanger.
Conveniently the fourth heat exchanger is arranged in the path of air from the lower air intake behind the third heat exchanger.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional longitudinal view of a front end region of a motor vehicle according to the invention; Fig.2 is a view similar to Fig.1 showing a first modification; and Fig.3 is a view similar to Fig.1 showing a second modification.
Referring to Fig.1, a motor vehicle front end includes an engine 11 having an engine driven fan 12, a bonnet 13, a bumper 14 and a chassis cross member 15. An upper air intake 16 is formed between the bumper 14 and the bonnet 13 and is fronted by a conventional radiator grille 17. A lower air intake 18 is formed between the bumper 14 and a spoiler 19 mounted below the chassis cross member 15.
First and second heat exchangers in the form of an air conditioning condenser 21 and an engine coolant radiator 22 are arranged in the path of air from the upper air intake 16, the air conditioning condenser being forward of the engine coolant radiator. A forward fan assembly 23 is arranged in the path of air from the upper air intake 16 ahead of the condenser 21 and the radiator 22 and is arranged to be driven by an electric motor 24.
A third heat exchanger in the form of a charge air cooler 25 is arranged in the path of air from the lower air intake 18, being mounted forward of the chassis cross member 15. The condenser 21 and the radiator 22 are tilted away from the vertical towards the rear of the vehicle, this helping to maximise the cross-sectional area of each of these heat exchangers without unduly increasing the height of the bonnet 13. The charge air cooler 25 is arranged at approximately 90" to the condenser 21 and the radiator 22 and a fourth heat exchanger in the form of a transmission oil cooler is arranged above the chassis cross member 15.
During forward movement of the vehicle at an appreciable speed air is induced through to flow through the upper and lower air intakes 16, 18 assisted by the rearward fan 12. The forward fan 23 is arranged so that its motor is driven only when required by the air conditioning system or the engine cooling system and would not normally be needed in these conditions. When the vehicle is slow moving or stationary warm air drawn through the various heat exchangers by the rearward fan 12 tends to move forward below' the spoiler 19 and into the region of the lower air intake 18 where it is drawn back through the charge air cooler 25 by the action of the rearward fan 12. The bumper 14 tends to act as a dam which inhibits the warm air from moving further forward. Hence the air drawn through the upper air intake 16 is close to ambient temperature and can act in the condenser 21 and radiator 22 to maximum efficiency. It will be appreciated that under such low speed and idling conditions neither the charge air cooler 25 nor the oil cooler 26 is required to operate with any appreciable efficiency whereas the air conditioning condenser 21 has to transfer a large amount of heat in order to maintain the interior of the vehicle at a satisfactory temperature.
Fig. 2 shows a modification where the oil cooler 26 is arranged parallel to the charge air cooler 26, these being in a duct 28 above the spoiler 19 and behind the lower air intake 18.
In the second modification shown in Fig.3 the charge air cooler 25 and the oil cooler 26 are in parallel to each other but arranged parallel to the air conditioning condenser 21 and the engine radiator 22. A deflector plate 27 helps to ensure that air from the lower air intake 18 is directed to the charge air cooler 25 and the oil cooler 26.
The rearward fan assembly 12 is driven by the engine 11 through a conventional temperature sensitive viscous coupling which reduces the slippage in the coupling as air temperature increases. An electric motor driven fan may be used instead.

Claims (11)

1. A motor vehicle having first, second and third heat exchangers comprising respectively an air conditioning condenser, an engine coolant radiator and a charge air cooler, all arranged in a front end region of the vehicle ahead of the engine, a bumper or like external body feature extending across the front of the vehicle, an upper air intake arranged above the bumper, a lower air intake arranged below the bumper and forward and rearward fan assemblies, the first and second heat exchangers and the forward fan assembly being arranged in series in the path of air from the upper air intake, the third heat exchanger being arranged in the path of air from the lower air intake and the rearward fan being arranged to draw air from both upper and lower air intakes through said heat exchangers.
2. A vehicle according to Claim 1 wherein the first heat exchanger is arranged in front of the second heat exchanger.
3. A vehicle according to Claim 1 or Claim 2 wherein the forward fan assembly is arranged in front of the first and second heat exchangers.
4. A vehicle according to any preceding claim wherein the forward fan assembly is electric motor driven.
5. A vehicle according to any preceding claim wherein the first and second heat exchangers are tilted away from the vertical towards the rear of the vehicle.
6. A vehicle according to any preceding claim wherein the third heat exchanger is arranged approximately 90" to the first and second heat exchangers.
7. A vehicle according to any of claims 1 to 5 wherein the third heat exchanger is arranged approximately parallel to the first and second heat exchangers.
8. A vehicle according to any preceding claim wherein a fourth heat exchanger comprising an oil cooler is arranged in the path of air from the lower air intake.
9. A vehicle according to Claim 8 wherein the fourth heat exchanger is arranged parallel to the third heat exchanger.
10. A vehicle according to Claim 9 wherein the fourth heat exchanger is arranged in the path of air from the lower air intake behind the third heat exchanger.
11. A motor vehicle substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB9809634A 1997-05-10 1998-05-07 Motor vehicle heat exchanger installation Expired - Fee Related GB2326626B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9709446.0A GB9709446D0 (en) 1997-05-10 1997-05-10 A heat exchanger assembly for a motor vehicle

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9809634D0 GB9809634D0 (en) 1998-07-01
GB2326626A true GB2326626A (en) 1998-12-30
GB2326626B GB2326626B (en) 2001-02-07

Family

ID=10812068

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GBGB9709446.0A Pending GB9709446D0 (en) 1997-05-10 1997-05-10 A heat exchanger assembly for a motor vehicle
GB9809634A Expired - Fee Related GB2326626B (en) 1997-05-10 1998-05-07 Motor vehicle heat exchanger installation

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GBGB9709446.0A Pending GB9709446D0 (en) 1997-05-10 1997-05-10 A heat exchanger assembly for a motor vehicle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (2) GB9709446D0 (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008041925A1 (en) * 2006-10-03 2008-04-10 Scania Cv Ab Cooling arrangement at a vehicle
DE102007062346A1 (en) * 2007-12-22 2009-06-25 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Heat exchanger arrangement for a vehicle
CN102878276A (en) * 2012-10-12 2013-01-16 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 Oil cooling system of automotive gear box
EP2757233A1 (en) * 2013-01-18 2014-07-23 Deere & Company Cooling assembly for a motor vehicle
EP2842782A4 (en) * 2012-04-24 2015-12-02 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Cooling device for vehicle
WO2016079187A1 (en) * 2014-11-20 2016-05-26 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh Cooling module of a vehicle air conditioning system, and assembly for cooling a motor vehicle engine with a cooling module of this type
DE102015014157B3 (en) * 2015-05-29 2016-08-25 Audi Ag Cooling system for a front end module of a vehicle
FR3076605A1 (en) * 2018-01-09 2019-07-12 Valeo Systemes Thermiques THERMAL TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC OR HYBRID VEHICLE
US20210078386A1 (en) * 2018-02-01 2021-03-18 Isuzu Motors Limited Cooling structure

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2221201A (en) * 1988-07-23 1990-01-31 Daimler Benz Ag Cooling air ducting arrangement in the front end of a motor vehicle.
US5046550A (en) * 1989-09-09 1991-09-10 Mercedes-Benz Ag Cooling-air ducting system in the front-end space of a motor vehicle

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2221201A (en) * 1988-07-23 1990-01-31 Daimler Benz Ag Cooling air ducting arrangement in the front end of a motor vehicle.
US5046550A (en) * 1989-09-09 1991-09-10 Mercedes-Benz Ag Cooling-air ducting system in the front-end space of a motor vehicle

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008041925A1 (en) * 2006-10-03 2008-04-10 Scania Cv Ab Cooling arrangement at a vehicle
US8251023B2 (en) 2006-10-03 2012-08-28 Scania Cv Ab Cooling arrangement at a vehicle
EP2073994A4 (en) * 2006-10-03 2016-12-07 Scania Cv Ab (Publ) Cooling arrangement at a vehicle
DE102007062346A1 (en) * 2007-12-22 2009-06-25 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Heat exchanger arrangement for a vehicle
EP2072776A3 (en) * 2007-12-22 2012-02-01 Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG Heat transfer arrangement for a vehicle
EP2842782A4 (en) * 2012-04-24 2015-12-02 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Cooling device for vehicle
CN102878276B (en) * 2012-10-12 2015-10-21 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 Automobile gearbox oil cooling system
CN102878276A (en) * 2012-10-12 2013-01-16 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 Oil cooling system of automotive gear box
EP2757233A1 (en) * 2013-01-18 2014-07-23 Deere & Company Cooling assembly for a motor vehicle
WO2016079187A1 (en) * 2014-11-20 2016-05-26 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh Cooling module of a vehicle air conditioning system, and assembly for cooling a motor vehicle engine with a cooling module of this type
US10112476B2 (en) 2014-11-20 2018-10-30 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh Cooling module of a vehicle air conditioning system, and assembly for cooling a motor vehicle engine with a cooling module of this type
DE102015014157B3 (en) * 2015-05-29 2016-08-25 Audi Ag Cooling system for a front end module of a vehicle
FR3076605A1 (en) * 2018-01-09 2019-07-12 Valeo Systemes Thermiques THERMAL TREATMENT SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC OR HYBRID VEHICLE
US20210078386A1 (en) * 2018-02-01 2021-03-18 Isuzu Motors Limited Cooling structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9809634D0 (en) 1998-07-01
GB2326626B (en) 2001-02-07
GB9709446D0 (en) 1997-07-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU2012202045B2 (en) Tractor hood airflow system
US5046550A (en) Cooling-air ducting system in the front-end space of a motor vehicle
US4186693A (en) Water-cooled internal combustion engine for motor vehicles, particularly a diesel engine
EP1582715A1 (en) Vehicle Cooling Package
US4249626A (en) Liquid cooling system
US8955628B2 (en) Cooling arrangements for vehicles
US3696730A (en) Air cooling system of automotive engine
JP4320907B2 (en) Vehicle front-end structure
US11602985B2 (en) Continuous cooling assembly
GB2326626A (en) Motor vehicle heat exchanger installation
US4111275A (en) Compact cab-over equipped with a cooler condenser
US4917201A (en) Motor vehicle
US4499865A (en) Integral engine cooling system
EP1426577B1 (en) A commercial vehicle
US20040063396A1 (en) Cooling equipment for a motor vehicle, in particular for an excavator
CA1219751A (en) Integral engine air conditioning system
JPS646328Y2 (en)
JP2018103801A (en) Radiator fan shroud structure
RU2385808C1 (en) Radiator cooling system
JP2586564B2 (en) Hydraulic oil cooling system for industrial vehicles
JP2571965Y2 (en) Drive unit structure of combine
US5209189A (en) Internal-combustion engine
EP2163744A1 (en) Engine cooling system
JPH065229Y2 (en) Cooling device for internal combustion engine for vehicle
JPH0428826Y2 (en)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
732E Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)
746 Register noted 'licences of right' (sect. 46/1977)

Effective date: 20050719

732E Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20090507