GB2320356A - Combined liquid crystal display and photovoltaic convertor - Google Patents
Combined liquid crystal display and photovoltaic convertor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2320356A GB2320356A GB9626102A GB9626102A GB2320356A GB 2320356 A GB2320356 A GB 2320356A GB 9626102 A GB9626102 A GB 9626102A GB 9626102 A GB9626102 A GB 9626102A GB 2320356 A GB2320356 A GB 2320356A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- sheets
- display
- structure according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VWIIJDNADIEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound CN1CCOC1=O VWIIJDNADIEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ITZXULOAYIAYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(4+) Chemical compound [Ce+4] ITZXULOAYIAYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A transparent photovoltaic generator structure, formed between plates 2 and 3, is combined with a liquid crystal device, formed between plates 1 and 2, in a single stacked structure. Power derived from the convertor is used to power, or to assist in powering, the display or an apparatus in which the device is used. The advantage is that, because both devices occupy the same area, apparatus incorporating them can be made more compact.
Description
Combined Display and Power Source
Description
The present invention relates to a combined display and power source structure and apparatus employing such a structure.
In order to avoid the need for batteries or extend the life of batteries, portable electronic apparatus often includes solar cells. However, the area required for solar cells is essentially wasted space as far as a user is concerned.
It is an aim of the present invention to provide for more compact solar powered apparatus.
To this end, the present invention provides a combined display and power source structure comprising a display panel and a transparent photoelectric generator in stacked relation. The photoelectric generator may be above or below the display panel or there may be photoelectric generators above and below the display panel.
Alternatively, a plurality of photoelectric generators could be stacked one upon another. Since the photoelectric generator is transparent, the display panel can be back lit for use in low light conditions.
Preferably, the generator comprises a photoelectrochemical cell.
Preferably, the display panel comprises a liquid crystal display. However, it could be a gas discharge panel or an array of LEDs.
In a preferred embodiment, the structure comprises three sheets wherein a first and a second of the sheets define the liquid crystal display and the second and third of the sheets define the photoelectrochemical cell.
The sheets are preferably of plastics material. However, glass may be used and different sheets may be formed from different materials.
A structure according to the present invention may be used in an electronic apparatus, for instance a personal organiser, a portable computer, a calculator or a digital watch.
The structure may be formed in situ. That is, a display and power source may be mounted individually in an apparatus such that the combined structure has been formed when the apparatus is fully assembled.
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a structure according to the present invention; and
Figure 2 shows a personal organiser incorporating a structure according to the present invention.
Referring to Figure 1, a structure according to the present invention comprises a first transparent plastic sheet 1, a second transparent plastic sheet 2, overlying the first plastic sheet 1 and spaced therefrom, and a third transparent plastic sheet 3, overlying the second plastic sheet 2 and spaced therefrom. The transparent sheets 1, 2 , 3 are formed from acrylic, epoxy or polyethyl sulfone resin.
The major faces of each of the sheets 1, 2, 3 are provided with hard layers 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. The hard layers are formed by coating the sheets 1, 2, 3 with a solution containing an organosilane, acrylic, melamine or urethane resin and silicon dioxide particles. The coatings are then sintered.
A liquid crystal display device is formed between the first and second sheets 1, 2. The liquid crystal device comprises an undercoat layer 10 over one of the hard layers 5.
The undercoat layer 10 comprises silicon dioxide and is 600 A thick. A transparent electrode 11 is formed on the undercoat layer 10 from a mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide and is 2000 A thick. A protective topcoat 12 and an orientation film 13, formed in a conventional manner, overly the transparent electrode 11.
The opposite face of the second sheet 2 is similarly provided with an undercoat layer 14, a transparent electrode 15, a topcoat layer 16 and an orientation film 17. The space between the orientation layers 13, 17 is filled with liquid crystal material 18.
A photoelectrochemical cell is formed between the second and third sheets 2, 3. An undercoat layer 19 of silicon dioxide is formed over the hard layer 7 on the face of the second sheet which is directed away from the liquid crystal material 18. A transparent electrode 20, comprising a mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide, is formed over the undercoat layer. A layer of an oxide semiconductor 21 is formed over the electrode 20. The oxide semiconductor may be titanium oxide.
The opposed surface of the third sheet 3, is provided with an electrode layer 22 of a mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide over a silicon dioxide undercoat layer 25 formed on the hard layer 8. An electrocatalytic layer 23 is formed over the electrode layer 22. The electrocatalytic layer 23 is a few atoms thick and comprises platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium or osmium.
The space between the oxide semiconductor layer 21 and the electrocatalytic layer 22 is filled with an electrolyte 24. The electrolyte comprises the redox couple of cerium (m) sulphate and cerium (IV) in solution in N-methyloxazolidinone. The electrolyte 24 contains colloidal particles 25 of an oxide semiconductor such as titanium oxide.
Further details of materials, including solid electrolytes, suitable for the photoelectrochemical cell can be obtained from WO-A-93/19479.
From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that there is considerable similarity between the layers required for the liquid crystal display and those required for the photoelectrochemical cell. Consequently, a number of manufacturing processes serve both for production of the photoelectrochemical cell and the liquid crystal display.
Referring to Figure 2, an electronic personal organiser 30 comprises a plurality of keys 31 for operation by a user and a combined display and power source 32. A back light, not shown, is provided. The back light can be turned on during low light conditions so that a user can read the display.
Although not essential, the photoelectrochemical cell is preferably sensitive to UV or
IR light and relatively insensitive to visible light.
Claims (7)
1. A combined display and power source structure comprising a display panel and a transparent photoelectric generator in stacked relation.
2. A structure according to claim 1, wherein the generator comprises a photoelectrochemical cell.
3. A structure according to claim 2, wherein the display panel comprises a liquid crystal display.
4. A structure according to claim 3, comprising three sheets wherein a first and a second of the sheets define the liquid crystal display and the second and third of the sheets define the photoelectrochemical cell.
5. A structure according to claim 4, wherein the sheets are of plastics material.
6. An electronic apparatus including a structure according to any preceding claim.
7. A combined display and power source structure substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9626102A GB2320356B (en) | 1996-12-16 | 1996-12-16 | Combined display and power source |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9626102A GB2320356B (en) | 1996-12-16 | 1996-12-16 | Combined display and power source |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9626102D0 GB9626102D0 (en) | 1997-02-05 |
| GB2320356A true GB2320356A (en) | 1998-06-17 |
| GB2320356B GB2320356B (en) | 1998-12-30 |
Family
ID=10804527
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9626102A Expired - Fee Related GB2320356B (en) | 1996-12-16 | 1996-12-16 | Combined display and power source |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2320356B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2343540A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-05-10 | Tacktick Ltd | Solar powered display |
| EP1058224A1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2000-12-06 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Electronic device with solar cell |
| EP1126337A1 (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2001-08-22 | Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. | Timepiece |
| EP1376211A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-02 | Asulab S.A. | Method of manufacturing a batch of multi-layer cells like liquid crystal display cells or electrochemical photovoltaic cells |
| WO2004017256A1 (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2004-02-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Chip card comprising an integrated energy converter |
| US6982019B2 (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2006-01-03 | Asulab S.A. | Method for manufacturing a batch of multi-layered cells, such as liquid crystal display cells, or electrochemical photovoltaic cells |
| US9312805B2 (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2016-04-12 | Vincent K. Gustafson | Systems and methods for concentrated solar photovoltaic power generation with controllable radiation attenuation |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4095217A (en) * | 1977-03-07 | 1978-06-13 | Hirotsugu Tani | Combined liquid crystal display and photovoltaic converter |
| WO1993019479A1 (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-09-30 | Asulab S.A. | Transparent regenerative photoelectrochemical cell |
| WO1993019405A1 (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-09-30 | Asulab S.A. | Watch assembly with a power source consisting of a photovoltaic cell |
| US5523776A (en) * | 1995-01-10 | 1996-06-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Photovoltaic array for computer display |
-
1996
- 1996-12-16 GB GB9626102A patent/GB2320356B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4095217A (en) * | 1977-03-07 | 1978-06-13 | Hirotsugu Tani | Combined liquid crystal display and photovoltaic converter |
| WO1993019479A1 (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-09-30 | Asulab S.A. | Transparent regenerative photoelectrochemical cell |
| WO1993019405A1 (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-09-30 | Asulab S.A. | Watch assembly with a power source consisting of a photovoltaic cell |
| US5523776A (en) * | 1995-01-10 | 1996-06-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Photovoltaic array for computer display |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2343540A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-05-10 | Tacktick Ltd | Solar powered display |
| EP1058224A1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2000-12-06 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Electronic device with solar cell |
| EP1058224A4 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2002-05-02 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | Electronic device with solar cell |
| EP1126337A1 (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2001-08-22 | Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. | Timepiece |
| EP1126337A4 (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2002-04-17 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | Timepiece |
| US6791905B1 (en) | 1998-11-26 | 2004-09-14 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Timepiece |
| EP1376211A1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-02 | Asulab S.A. | Method of manufacturing a batch of multi-layer cells like liquid crystal display cells or electrochemical photovoltaic cells |
| US6982019B2 (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2006-01-03 | Asulab S.A. | Method for manufacturing a batch of multi-layered cells, such as liquid crystal display cells, or electrochemical photovoltaic cells |
| WO2004017256A1 (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2004-02-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Chip card comprising an integrated energy converter |
| US9312805B2 (en) | 2009-01-05 | 2016-04-12 | Vincent K. Gustafson | Systems and methods for concentrated solar photovoltaic power generation with controllable radiation attenuation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2320356B (en) | 1998-12-30 |
| GB9626102D0 (en) | 1997-02-05 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20041216 |