GB2318869A - Device for analysing blood gases - Google Patents
Device for analysing blood gases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2318869A GB2318869A GB9622571A GB9622571A GB2318869A GB 2318869 A GB2318869 A GB 2318869A GB 9622571 A GB9622571 A GB 9622571A GB 9622571 A GB9622571 A GB 9622571A GB 2318869 A GB2318869 A GB 2318869A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- medical device
- gas
- cell
- patient
- tube plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002496 oximetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005408 paramagnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
- B01D63/027—Twinned or braided type modules
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
- G01N33/49—Blood
- G01N33/4925—Blood measuring blood gas content, e.g. O2, CO2, HCO3
Abstract
A device to be placed in the body of a patient for use in blood gas analysis comprises at least one hollow tubular fibre (3) of membrane material having a tube plate (6 and 8) at each end. Preferably, a plurality of hollow tubular fibres (3) are provided which are spun together to define a gas separation cell (4).
Description
MEDICAL DEVICES
The present invention relates to medical devices and in particular medical devices adapted to be placed in the body of a patient for use in blood gas analysis.
Oximetry equipment is used for the non-invasive blood gas analysis of patients.
However, oximetry equipment is limited to analysing the presence and concentration of oxygen only and is not sufficiently accurate in certain circumstances.
It is an aim of the present invention to provide apparatus for analysing blood gases on a relatively continuous basis using invasive techniques.
Throughout this specification the expression "membrane material" is intended to embrace semi-permeable membranes, for example, polycarbonates, silicones and polysulphones which can be used as a means for separating different gases because of the different rates of permeation of the gases through the membrane material.
According to the present invention, a medical device adapted to be placed in the body of a patient for use in blood gas analysis, comprises at least one hollow tubular fibre of membrane material having a tube plate at each end.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of hollow tubular fibres are provided which are spun together to define a gas separation cell, the gas separation cell being terminated at each end by a tube plate.
In one embodiment, a needle is releasably connected to the distal tube plate for piercing the body of a patient.
In an alternative embodiment, the gas separation cell may be contained initially within a hollow needle having a sharpened distal tip for piercing the skin of a patient.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, reference being made to the Figures of the accompanying diagrammatic drawing in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic view of a medical device according to the present invention; and
Figure 2 illustrates the device when placed in the body of a patient and connected to a carrier gas supply and a gas analyser.
As shown, a medical device 1 for placement in the body 2 of a patient for use, for example, in the blood gas analysis of the patient comprises a plurality of hollow tubular fibres 3 all made from membrane material which are spun or plaited together to form a gas separation cell 4. The cell 4 terminates at each end in a tube plate 6, 8. The proximal tube plate 6 is connected via an elastomeric tube 10 to a source 12 of carrier gas, for example nitrogen or krypton. As shown, the distal tube plate 8 is releasably connected to a needle 14 having a sharpened distal tip 16 for piercing the skin of the patient.
In use, the needle 14 is used to pierce the body 2 of the patient so that the gas separation cell 4 is located in a pre-selected area of the body, for example, a vein.
The needle 14 is then removed from the tube plate 8 and an elastomeric tube 18 is subsequently fitted to the tube plate 8, which elestomeric tube 18 is already connected to a gas analyser 20 known per se.
Next, an inert carrier gas for example nitrogen or krypton is then passed from the source 12 through the elastomeric tube 10 and into the cell 4 via the tube plate 6.
The fibres 3 exposed in the vein will be permeable to dissolve gases which will enter the gas separation cell 4 in accordance with Henry's Law provided that the flow rate is sufficiently low to enable the gases to reach equilibrium. The inert carrier gas then carries this blood gas mixture through the tube 18 to the gas analyser 20 where the gases can be monitored using conventional techniques such as paramagnetism and infrared absorption for oxygen and carbon dioxide respectively.
In the manner described, the medical device 1 should provide no more discomfort than a flexible cannula as currently used in attaching a drip feed to a patient. The membrane material can be chosen to provide adequate strength and compatibility with body tissue and will provide several hours of useful samples before becoming blocked by tissue reaction.
It will be appreciated that to be effective, the membrane material thickness must be very small and the available area for exposure to blood gases very large if the process is to work with an acceptable efficiency. This is achieved by spinning the fibres 3 to form the gas separation cell 4.
In a modification, the cell 4 could be contained within a hollow needle prior to use rather than attached to one end of the needle as described in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1.
Claims (7)
1. A medical device adapted to be placed in the body of a patient for use in
blood gas analysis, comprising at least one hollow tubular fibre of membrane
material having a tube plate at each end.
2. A medical device as claimed in Claim 1, in which a plurality of hollow tubular
fibres are provided which are spun together to define a gas separation cell,
the gas separation cell being terminated at each end by a tube plate.
3. A medical device as claimed in Claim 2, in which a needle is releasably
connected to the distal tube plate for piercing the body of a patient.
4. A medical device as claimed in Claim 2, in which the gas separation cell is
initially located within a hollow needle for piercing the body of a patient.
5. A medical device as claimed in any one of Claims 2 to 4, in which the
proximal tube plate is connectable to a tube for communication with a source
of inert carrier gas.
6. A medical device constructed, arranged and adapted to operate substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the Figures
of the accompanying drawing.
7. A method of blood gas analysis comprising the steps of placing the gas
separation cell in the blood to be analysed, allowing blood gases to permeate
into the cell, passing an inert carrier gas through the cell, thereby to drive the
blood gases which have permeated through the cell towards a gas analyser
for analysis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9622571A GB2318869A (en) | 1996-10-30 | 1996-10-30 | Device for analysing blood gases |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9622571A GB2318869A (en) | 1996-10-30 | 1996-10-30 | Device for analysing blood gases |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9622571D0 GB9622571D0 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
| GB2318869A true GB2318869A (en) | 1998-05-06 |
Family
ID=10802156
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9622571A Withdrawn GB2318869A (en) | 1996-10-30 | 1996-10-30 | Device for analysing blood gases |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2318869A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2100859A (en) * | 1981-06-18 | 1983-01-06 | Instrumentarium Oy | Method of and apparatus for determining and controlling the gas content of the blood |
| US4832034A (en) * | 1987-04-09 | 1989-05-23 | Pizziconi Vincent B | Method and apparatus for withdrawing, collecting and biosensing chemical constituents from complex fluids |
| EP0549341A1 (en) * | 1991-12-24 | 1993-06-30 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Hollow fiber plasma sampler |
| EP0585614A2 (en) * | 1992-08-03 | 1994-03-09 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Hollow fiber permeator with tubesheet preform |
-
1996
- 1996-10-30 GB GB9622571A patent/GB2318869A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2100859A (en) * | 1981-06-18 | 1983-01-06 | Instrumentarium Oy | Method of and apparatus for determining and controlling the gas content of the blood |
| US4832034A (en) * | 1987-04-09 | 1989-05-23 | Pizziconi Vincent B | Method and apparatus for withdrawing, collecting and biosensing chemical constituents from complex fluids |
| EP0549341A1 (en) * | 1991-12-24 | 1993-06-30 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Hollow fiber plasma sampler |
| EP0585614A2 (en) * | 1992-08-03 | 1994-03-09 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Hollow fiber permeator with tubesheet preform |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9622571D0 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |