GB2300417A - Composite material containing cellulosic component and inorganic binder - Google Patents

Composite material containing cellulosic component and inorganic binder Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2300417A
GB2300417A GB9508764A GB9508764A GB2300417A GB 2300417 A GB2300417 A GB 2300417A GB 9508764 A GB9508764 A GB 9508764A GB 9508764 A GB9508764 A GB 9508764A GB 2300417 A GB2300417 A GB 2300417A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
material according
article
components
mixture
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9508764A
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GB9508764D0 (en
GB2300417B (en
Inventor
Harold Ryder
Arthur Varley
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB9508764A priority Critical patent/GB2300417B/en
Publication of GB9508764D0 publication Critical patent/GB9508764D0/en
Publication of GB2300417A publication Critical patent/GB2300417A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2300417B publication Critical patent/GB2300417B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00956—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for making sculptures or artistic casts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/30—Nailable or sawable materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/80—Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
    • C04B2111/802—White cement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

A composite material particularly suitable for use as a modelling material, comprises at least first and second components, wherein the first component comprises a substantially cellulosic material, and wherein the second component comprises, at least, calcium oxide, or calcium hydroxide, or a compound sold commercially as tile grout or a combination of two or more of the above. The composite material is particularly effective when a mixture of sawdust and tile grout is used, water being added to the material to produce a wet mixture which may be processed and allowed to dry to give a final product. By altering the relevant quantities of the first and second components, the hardness of the final product may be varied.

Description

."tile: Composite Material Description of Invention This invention relates to a composite material, and primarily but not exclusively to a composite material suitable for use as a filling, insulation or modelling material.
Modelling materials are widely known in which water is added to a substantially dry mixture of components to produce a wet mixture, which may be shaped, for example by placing in a mould and allowing to dry and harden.
According to one aspect of the invention, we provide a composite material comprising at least first and second components, wherein the first component comprises a substantially cellulosic material, and wherein the second component comprises, at least, calcium oxide, or calcium hydroxide, or a compound sold commercially as tile grout or a combination of two or more of the above.
The material is such that addition of water produces a wet mixture which may be processed to give a final product.
It will be appreciated that the material may be made available with water already added, such that it may be termed "pre-mixed".
Preferably the first component comprises particles of wood, and conveniently comprises sawdust.
Preferably the second component comprises a substance known as tile grout or similar compound, tile grout comprising white cement, finely ground sand and other known components.
Preferably the first and second components comprise particles of approximately 0.5 mum diameter or less.
Preferably the first and second components are present in the mixture in a ratio, by volume, of between 20:80 and 80:20. By varying these relative quantities in the dry material, different hardnesses of the final product may be obtained.
Preferably the composite material comprises a mixture of cellulosic material, grout and lime. The properties of the material being changeable by altering the percentages in the mixture of the above three materials.
It will be appreciated that the former ratio specified above provides a substantially harder product than the latter.
Conveniently, the material may comprise further components, for example a colouring component.
It will be appreciated that in the case where an additional component is present, the ratio as quantified above will be altered slightly so as to incorporate the additional component.
It will further be appreciated that addition of a colouring component may colour the material throughout, and that if desired, a further surface colour may be imparted to the final product by any conventional means.
According to a second aspect of the invention, we provide an article produced using a composite material as above described, wherein water has been added to the material, the resulting wet mixture has been shaped to produce the article, and wherein the wet mixture has dried.
The article may be such that no further processing is required, as would be the case for example where the article is a sculpture, or similar model.
Alternatively, it may be that the article does require further processing. Such further processing may comprise cutting, for example with a knife or saw.
According to a third aspect of the invention, we provide a method of making a composite material as above described said method comprising the steps of mixing quantities of at least first and second components, the first component comprising a substantially cellulosic material, the second comprising at least, calcium oxide, or calcium hydroxide, or grout or a combination of two or more of the above.
The invention and its beneficial features will now be described, in greater detail, by way of example only.
The composite material comprises first and second components where the first component in this example is sawdust. It has been found that a wide variety of sawdusts appear suitable, such that sawdust from hardwood, softwood, or a mixture convey desirable properties to the material.
The second component of the material comprises, amongst other compounds, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or a combination of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide. The preferred second component is tile grout which is widely available and which contains white cement, finely ground sand and other known components. Undercoat plaster (browning) also appears suitable.
The components, together with additional components, such as colorants, if desirable, are dry mixed so that a dry powder is formed. The components are passed through a sieve such that any particle greater than 0.5mm in diameter is excluded from the final material.
The relative quantities of sawdust and tile grout are not critical, although by volume, quantities between the ratios of 20:80 and 80:20 have been found to be particularly suitable.
In order for the material to be employed, i.e., moulded to a desired shape, water is added to the material to produce a wet mixture which may then be moulded or otherwise shaped. The shape is then left to dry. Drying times depend on the temperature to which the wet mixture is exposed, but it has been found that a period of up to 48 hours at 18"C is sufficient.
The amount of water added, in relation to the amount of dry material, is not critical. During drying, the wet material loses most of the water contained therein, such that after drying, the end product shows a weight increase of approximately 1-2%. It will be understood that as the relative proportion of tile grout in the material increases, so does the hardness of the product resulting from it when water has been added and the wet mixture allowed to dry and harden.
Many desirable properties are shown by the composite material, and in articles produced using the material.
Almost no cracking of the material occurs on drying. The density of the dried product is approximately 1 gram per cubic centimetre, such that initially it just floats on water, but after a time water displaces air trapped in the material and the material sinks. However, the material does not disintegrate in the water and when redried, the material exhibits the same hardness as before it was exposed to the water.
The wet mixture (i.e., dry composite material plus water) can easily be moulded into any shape. Whilst drying, if it is left in contact with a variety of surfaces, including wood, cardboard, porcelain, metals and plastics, it adheres very firmly to that surface. Accordingly, pieces of the dried product may be secured to each other using some of the wet mixture. Such adhesive properties may be useful in the field of modelling, since no additional adhesives will be required.
Furthermore, the material shows considerable resistance to cracking along joints created by the above mentioned adhesion.
The material appears to be stable, such that it does not seemingly deteriorate with time. Significantly, the dried material exhibits a considerable resistance to fire and also exhibits substantial heat insulation properties.
Accordingly, it envisaged that preformed articles may be produced and employed as insulation material in a wide variety of circumstances.
Furthermore, by nature of its composition, it is both relatively inexpensive to produce and relatively unharmful to the environment, since a considerable proportion of the material comprises sawdust, normally a waste material.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following claims, or the accompanying drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing the disclosed function, or a method or process for attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may, separately or in any combination of such features, be utilised for realising the invention in diverse forms thereof.

Claims (26)

CLAIMS:
1. A composite material comprising at least first and second components, wherein the first component comprises a substantially cellulosic material, and wherein the second component comprises, at least, calcium oxide, or calcium hydroxide, or a compound sold commercially as tile grout or a combination of two or more of the above.
2. A material according to claim 1 wherein addition of water thereto produces a wet mixture which may be processed to give a final product.
3. A material according to claim 1 or claim 2 which is made available with water already added.
4. A material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the first component comprises particles of wood.
5. A material according to claim 4 wherein the first component comprises sawdust.
6. A material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the second component comprises a substance known as tile grout, tile grout comprising white cement and finely ground sand.
7. A material according to claim 6 wherein the tile grout comprises other known components.
8. A material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the first and second components comprise particles of approximately 0.5mum diameter or less.
9. A material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the first and second components are present in the mixture in a ratio, by volume, of between 20:80 and 80:20.
10. A material according to claim 9 wherein different hardnesses of the final product may be obtained by varying the ratios.
11. A material according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a mixture of cellulosic material, grout and lime.
12. A material according to claim 11 wherein the properties of the material are changeable by altering percentages in the mixture of the three materials.
13. A material according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a colouring component.
14. A material according to claim 13 wherein additionally or alternatively, a further surface colour is imparted to the final product by any conventional means.
IS. An article produced using a composite material as described in any one of the preceding claims, wherein water has been added to the material, the resulting wet mixture has been shaped to produce the article, and wherein the wet mixture has dried.
16. An article according to claim 15 wherein no further processing is required, as may be the case for example where the article is a sculpture, or similar model.
17. An article according to claim 15 wherein the article does require further processing.
18. An article according to claim 17 wherein the further processing comprises cutting, for example with a knife or saw.
19. An method of making a composite material as described in any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of mixing quantities of at least first and second components, the first component comprising a substantially cellulosic material, the second comprising at least, calcium oxide, or calcium hydroxide, or grout, or a combination of two or more of the above.
20. A material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the second component additionally or alternatively comprises undercoat plaster, known conventionally as browning.
21. Use of a material according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the material is used as an adhesive.
22. Use of a material according to claim 21 wherein the material adheres to one or more of the following surfaces: Wood, Cardboard, Porcelain, Metals, Plastics
23. A material substantially as hereinbefore described.
24. An article produced using a material substantially as hereinbefore described.
25. A method of making a material substantially as hereinbefore described.
26. Any novel feature or novel combination of features described herein.
GB9508764A 1995-04-29 1995-04-29 Modelling material Expired - Fee Related GB2300417B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9508764A GB2300417B (en) 1995-04-29 1995-04-29 Modelling material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9508764A GB2300417B (en) 1995-04-29 1995-04-29 Modelling material

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9508764D0 GB9508764D0 (en) 1995-06-21
GB2300417A true GB2300417A (en) 1996-11-06
GB2300417B GB2300417B (en) 1999-08-18

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ID=10773749

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9508764A Expired - Fee Related GB2300417B (en) 1995-04-29 1995-04-29 Modelling material

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0930280A1 (en) * 1998-01-16 1999-07-21 Carmine Scalese Composition for the fabrication of pallet feet, or of construction elements such as panels, paving stones and the like
CH699098A1 (en) * 2008-07-08 2010-01-15 Kibag Beton Concrete comprises rock granulation, cement and sawdust as additives
ES2539245A1 (en) * 2013-12-26 2015-06-29 Juan Carlos TORRES LOZADA Biodegradable additive for obtaining light cellular materials for the construction industry (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB244178A (en) * 1924-09-12 1925-12-14 Novocrete And Cement Products Improvements in or relating to the induration or mineralization of organic matter
GB480740A (en) * 1937-07-21 1938-02-28 Walter Lischer Process for treating organic fibrous materials for the manufacture of light-weight concrete
EP0049733A1 (en) * 1980-10-09 1982-04-21 Thomas Karapanos Flowable mixture of water, filler and binding materials as well as its application to forming and pouring building elements with insulating properties, and a building element in the form of a slab, block or panel
GB2131788A (en) * 1980-10-01 1984-06-27 Building Adhesives Ltd Grout preparations
GB2171689A (en) * 1985-02-25 1986-09-03 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Lightweight calcium silicate articles
WO1992017416A1 (en) * 1991-04-08 1992-10-15 Leon Kruss Composite cement block

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5782970A (en) * 1995-01-03 1998-07-21 Composite Industries Of America, Inc. Lightweight, waterproof, insulating, cementitious composition

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB244178A (en) * 1924-09-12 1925-12-14 Novocrete And Cement Products Improvements in or relating to the induration or mineralization of organic matter
GB480740A (en) * 1937-07-21 1938-02-28 Walter Lischer Process for treating organic fibrous materials for the manufacture of light-weight concrete
GB2131788A (en) * 1980-10-01 1984-06-27 Building Adhesives Ltd Grout preparations
EP0049733A1 (en) * 1980-10-09 1982-04-21 Thomas Karapanos Flowable mixture of water, filler and binding materials as well as its application to forming and pouring building elements with insulating properties, and a building element in the form of a slab, block or panel
GB2171689A (en) * 1985-02-25 1986-09-03 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Lightweight calcium silicate articles
WO1992017416A1 (en) * 1991-04-08 1992-10-15 Leon Kruss Composite cement block

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0930280A1 (en) * 1998-01-16 1999-07-21 Carmine Scalese Composition for the fabrication of pallet feet, or of construction elements such as panels, paving stones and the like
CH699098A1 (en) * 2008-07-08 2010-01-15 Kibag Beton Concrete comprises rock granulation, cement and sawdust as additives
ES2539245A1 (en) * 2013-12-26 2015-06-29 Juan Carlos TORRES LOZADA Biodegradable additive for obtaining light cellular materials for the construction industry (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9508764D0 (en) 1995-06-21
GB2300417B (en) 1999-08-18

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
732E Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)
746 Register noted 'licences of right' (sect. 46/1977)

Effective date: 20000405

PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20050429