GB2286660A - Peltier effect cooling apparatus for treating diseased or injured tissue - Google Patents

Peltier effect cooling apparatus for treating diseased or injured tissue Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2286660A
GB2286660A GB9501893A GB9501893A GB2286660A GB 2286660 A GB2286660 A GB 2286660A GB 9501893 A GB9501893 A GB 9501893A GB 9501893 A GB9501893 A GB 9501893A GB 2286660 A GB2286660 A GB 2286660A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
cooling
heat sink
limb
temperature
thermoelectric module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB9501893A
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GB9501893D0 (en
Inventor
David Thorner
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from GB9401877A external-priority patent/GB9401877D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB9501893A priority Critical patent/GB2286660A/en
Publication of GB9501893D0 publication Critical patent/GB9501893D0/en
Publication of GB2286660A publication Critical patent/GB2286660A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/10Cooling bags, e.g. ice-bags
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/007Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body characterised by electric heating
    • A61F2007/0075Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body characterised by electric heating using a Peltier element, e.g. near the spot to be heated or cooled

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus for cooling a limb including a thermoelectric module (2) which operates by the Peltier effect. A heat sink (6) is in contact with the "hot" surface of the module (2) to dissipate heat therefrom. A reservoir (19, figure 4) contains cooling fluid for cooling the heat sink (6), a pump circulates the cooling fluid, and a refrigeration unit cools the cooling fluid. The apparatus provides control of the temperature of the "cold" surface of the thermoelectric module (2), to obtain cooling of an injured animal limb to a temperature between 13 and 18 DEG C, or to sub-zero temperatures to treat skin cancer. <IMAGE>

Description

ANIMAL TREATMENT APPARATUS This invention concerns apparatus for treating diseased or injured animal tissue, for example inflamed limbs. The term 'animal" is used herein includes man.
Apparatus for treating damaged animal limbs has been proposed hitherto in GB2202447-A, the apparatus effecting the treatment by cooling the damaged limb using a thermoelectric module having opposed surfaces across which a temperature differential is created using the Peltier effect. In use, the thermoelectric module has a shot" surface and a "cold" surface, the latter being used to effect cooling of the damaged animal limb. Heat from the "hot" surface is dissipated through a heat sink, the heat sink being force cooled using a liquid which is circulated from a reservoir by a pump.
Although the apparatus described in GB2202447-A does effect cooling of limbs to which it is attached, it is difficult to control the temperature to which the limb is cooled by the apparatus. This is a disadvantage in the light of more recent indications that healing of an injury can be enhanced if the injury is held at a temperature between 13 and 18"C.
Furthermore, it has been proposed that skin cancer can be treated using sub-zero temperatures, and such temperatures are difficult if not impossible to achieve using the apparatus described in GB2202447-A.
According to the present invention there is provided apparatus for cooling a limb of an animal, the apparatus comprising; (a) a thermoelectric module having opposed surfaces across which a temperature differential can be created using the Peltier effect, one of said surfaces in use being the "cold" surface, and the other of said surfaces in use being the "hot" surface; (b) a heat sink in contact with the "hot" surface of the module for dissipating heat from the "hot" surface; (c) a reservoir of cooling liquid for cooling the heat sink; (d) a pump for circulating cooling liquid from the reservoir to the heat sink: and (e) a refrigeration unit for cooling the cooling liquid.
The use of the refrigeration unit enables the cooling effect of apparatus in accordance with the present invention to be controlled so that limbs treated thereby can be cooled to desired temperatures, for example the 13 to 18"C range described above or to sub-zero temperatures. Indeed, the so-called "cold" surface can, if desired, be turned into a "hot" surface by turning off the refrigeration unit and reversing the electrical supply to the thermoelectric unit.
An embodiment of apparatus in accordance with the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing in which: Figure 1 is side view of a cooling unit of the embodiment; Figure 2 is an underneath view of the cooling unit of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a perspective view of the control unit of the embodiment; Figure 4 is a part cut away perspective view of the secondary cooling unit of the control unit; and Figure 5 is a side view of a modification of the cooling unit of Figure 1.
Referring to Figure 1, the illustrated apparatus includes a cooling unit 1 having a thermoelectric module 2 mounted beneath a metal face plate 3, for example of aluminium, the upper surface 4 of the plate 3 in use being placed on the limb to be treated (not shown). The lower surface 5 of the thermoelectric module 2 is in thermal contact with a heat sink 6 through which in use cooling liquid can be passed to effect cooling of the thermoelectric module 2 via inlet and outlet connections 7 and 8. Electrical connection to the thermoelectric module 2 is made via connecting wires 9. The flow of cooling fluid through the heat sink 6 can be seen from Figure 2.
The cooling unit 1 is connected to a control unit 10 shown in Figure 3. The control unit 10 includes a controllable direct current power source 11 for activating the thermoelectric module 2, the direct current power source 11 being supplied from the mains electricity supply via cables 12.
The control unit 10 also supplies a supply of coolant from a secondary cooling unit 13 to the heat sink 6 via connecting tubes (not shown), the coolant being pumped by a pump 14 which is controlled by the control unit 10 and powered from the mains electricity supply via cables 12. A fan 15 is provided to give forced ventilation of the equipment within the control unit 10.
Control of the functioning of the apparatus is effected using control switches shown generally at 16 on the top of the control unit 10. The control unit 10 can, for example, include a microprocessor to effect control of the temperature of the face place, such control, for example, carrying out a predetermined temperature cycling of the face plate 3 and thereby the limb to which it is applied. The control unit 10 can also be used to control more than one cooling unit 1, for example two or more such units applied to the same animal.
The secondary cooling unit 13 is shown in more detail in Figure 4, with various parts of its case cut away. The unit 13, which includes a conventional refrigeration unit, has a compressor 17 connected in known manner to a condenser 18. The condenser 18 is located within a coolant reservoir 19, and operation of the compressor 17 results in the coolant within the reservoir 19 being cooled.
Coolant input and output connections 20 and 21 are connected by flexible pipes (not shown) to the outlet and inlet connections 8 and 7 respectively of the cooling unit 1 via the pump 14 which circulates cooled coolant from the reservoir 19 to the heat sink 6. The coolant which is used preferably includes antifreeze in order to prevent freezing of the coolant within the circulating system.
The temperature of the coolant in the reservoir 19 can be controlled by a pre-set thermostat 23 in the secondary cooling unit 10. However, as illustrated in Figure 4, it is generally preferred to use a temperature sensor 24, for example a thermistor, which in use is placed on the skin of the animal being treated. The temperature of the coolant circulated by the pump 14 from the reservoir 19 can thus be controlled according to the surface skin temperature detected by the sensor 24. When a temperature sensor 24 is used, it is generally preferred to interpose a sealed bag 25 containing antifreeze, or some other thermal buffer, between the thermoelectric module 2 and the temperature sensor 24. The bag 25 serves to provide a thermal buffer between the skin of the animal being treated and the "cold" surface of the thermoelectric module 2.
When sub-zero temperatures are to be used, it is generally preferred that cold from the face plate 3 be applied only to those localised areas of the animal where the potentially destructive effects of such temperatures are required, for example in the treatment of skin cancer. This can be effected by the use of a metal face plate 3 having a profiled upper surface with insulation on those areas of the plate which it is desired should not contact the animal, thereby providing a plate 3 with relatively high heat capacity but only a relatively low area of contact of metal portions of the plate with the skin of the animal.
Using the present invention it is possible to produce a temperature differential between the face plate'3 and the coolant in excess of 100C even at sub-zero temperatures. The ability to maintain such temperature differentials can enable limbs to be cooled to desired temperatures, for example the 13 to 18"C range for healing, or to sub-zero temperatures, for example for treatment of skin cancer.
By reversing the polarity of the potential applied to the thermoelectric module 2 and shutting off the pump 14 it is possible to heat the face plate 3. Thus as a result of cooling the coolant using the secondary cooling unit 13 and controlling the voltage applied to the thermoelectric module 2 it is possible to regulate the temperature of the face plate 3 over a very wide range.

Claims (4)

Claims
1. Apparatus for cooling a limb of an animal, the apparatus comprising; (a) a thermoelectric module having opposed surfaces across which a temperature differential can be created using the Peltier effect, one of said surfaces in use being the "cold" surface, and the other of said surfaces in use being the "hot" surface; (b) a heat sink in contact with the "hot" surface of the module for dissipating heat from the "hot" surface; (c) a reservoir of cooling liquid for cooling the heat sink; (d) a pump for circulating cooling liquid from the reservoir to the heat sink; and (e) a refrigeration unit for cooling the cooling liquid.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, including a thermal buffer for location between the thermoelectric unit and the limb to be treated.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, including a temperature sensor for sensing the surface temperature of the limb.
4. Apparatus for cooling a limb of an animal, the apparatus being substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB9501893A 1994-02-01 1995-01-31 Peltier effect cooling apparatus for treating diseased or injured tissue Withdrawn GB2286660A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9501893A GB2286660A (en) 1994-02-01 1995-01-31 Peltier effect cooling apparatus for treating diseased or injured tissue

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9401877A GB9401877D0 (en) 1994-02-01 1994-02-01 Tempheand
GB9501893A GB2286660A (en) 1994-02-01 1995-01-31 Peltier effect cooling apparatus for treating diseased or injured tissue

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9501893D0 GB9501893D0 (en) 1995-03-22
GB2286660A true GB2286660A (en) 1995-08-23

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GB9501893A Withdrawn GB2286660A (en) 1994-02-01 1995-01-31 Peltier effect cooling apparatus for treating diseased or injured tissue

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Cited By (69)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0840078A1 (en) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-06 Luc Pira Cryoprobe based on a Peltier module
EP0848216A3 (en) * 1996-12-13 1998-08-26 Nippon Sigmax Co., Ltd. Electronic cooling apparatus
EP1321117A3 (en) * 2001-12-19 2003-10-08 FORFAS, (trading as PEI Technologies) Contrast bathing physiotherapy device
EP1490005A2 (en) * 2002-03-15 2004-12-29 The General Hospital Corporation Methods and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
WO2010129993A1 (en) * 2009-05-11 2010-11-18 The University Of Queensland A thermo-electric device
US7854754B2 (en) 2006-02-22 2010-12-21 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cooling device for removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells
US8192474B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2012-06-05 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Tissue treatment methods
US8275442B2 (en) 2008-09-25 2012-09-25 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Treatment planning systems and methods for body contouring applications
US8285390B2 (en) 2007-08-21 2012-10-09 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Monitoring the cooling of subcutaneous lipid-rich cells, such as the cooling of adipose tissue
US8523927B2 (en) 2007-07-13 2013-09-03 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. System for treating lipid-rich regions
US8603073B2 (en) 2008-12-17 2013-12-10 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Systems and methods with interrupt/resume capabilities for treating subcutaneous lipid-rich cells
US8676338B2 (en) 2010-07-20 2014-03-18 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Combined modality treatment systems, methods and apparatus for body contouring applications
US8702774B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2014-04-22 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Device, system and method of removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells
EP2749259A1 (en) * 2011-08-23 2014-07-02 Guangzhou Beco Electronic Technology Co., Ltd Fat-reduction weight-loss method and weight-loss instrument using same
US8840608B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2014-09-23 The General Hospital Corporation Methods and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
EP2856986A1 (en) 2013-10-03 2015-04-08 Clinipro, S. L. Cosmetic method for reducing subcutaneous adipose tissue
US9132031B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2015-09-15 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cooling device having a plurality of controllable cooling elements to provide a predetermined cooling profile
DE102014210446A1 (en) * 2014-06-03 2015-12-03 Markus May A device for cooling a skin surface and system comprising such a device
US9314368B2 (en) 2010-01-25 2016-04-19 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Home-use applicators for non-invasively removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells via phase change coolants, and associates devices, systems and methods
US9522031B2 (en) 2008-08-07 2016-12-20 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for dermatological hypopigmentation
US9545523B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-01-17 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Multi-modality treatment systems, methods and apparatus for altering subcutaneous lipid-rich tissue
USD777338S1 (en) 2014-03-20 2017-01-24 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cryotherapy applicator for cooling tissue
US9844460B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-12-19 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Treatment systems with fluid mixing systems and fluid-cooled applicators and methods of using the same
US9855166B2 (en) 2011-11-16 2018-01-02 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for cryogenic treatment of skin tissue
US9861421B2 (en) 2014-01-31 2018-01-09 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Compositions, treatment systems and methods for improved cooling of lipid-rich tissue
US9974684B2 (en) 2011-11-16 2018-05-22 The General Hospital Corporation Method and apparatus for cryogenic treatment of skin tissue
US10383787B2 (en) 2007-05-18 2019-08-20 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Treatment apparatus for removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells and massaging tissue
US10471269B1 (en) 2015-07-01 2019-11-12 Btl Medical Technologies S.R.O. Aesthetic method of biological structure treatment by magnetic field
US10478633B2 (en) 2015-07-01 2019-11-19 Btl Medical Technologies S.R.O. Aesthetic method of biological structure treatment by magnetic field
US10524956B2 (en) 2016-01-07 2020-01-07 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Temperature-dependent adhesion between applicator and skin during cooling of tissue
US10555831B2 (en) 2016-05-10 2020-02-11 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Hydrogel substances and methods of cryotherapy
US10568759B2 (en) 2014-08-19 2020-02-25 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Treatment systems, small volume applicators, and methods for treating submental tissue
US10596386B2 (en) 2016-07-01 2020-03-24 Btl Medical Technologies S.R.O. Aesthetic method of biological structure treatment by magnetic field
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US10675176B1 (en) 2014-03-19 2020-06-09 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Treatment systems, devices, and methods for cooling targeted tissue
US10682297B2 (en) 2016-05-10 2020-06-16 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Liposomes, emulsions, and methods for cryotherapy
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US10709895B2 (en) 2016-05-10 2020-07-14 Btl Medical Technologies S.R.O. Aesthetic method of biological structure treatment by magnetic field
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US10765552B2 (en) 2016-02-18 2020-09-08 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cooling cup applicators with contoured heads and liner assemblies
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US10935174B2 (en) 2014-08-19 2021-03-02 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Stress relief couplings for cryotherapy apparatuses
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US11013547B2 (en) 2017-06-30 2021-05-25 R2 Technologies, Inc. Dermatological cryospray devices having linear array of nozzles and methods of use
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Cited By (146)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0840078A1 (en) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-06 Luc Pira Cryoprobe based on a Peltier module
US6017337A (en) * 1996-11-04 2000-01-25 Pira; Luc Cryoprobe based on a peltier module
EP1239239A2 (en) * 1996-11-04 2002-09-11 Luc Pira Cryoprobe based on a Peltier module
EP1239239A3 (en) * 1996-11-04 2004-08-11 Luc Pira Cryoprobe based on a Peltier module
EP0848216A3 (en) * 1996-12-13 1998-08-26 Nippon Sigmax Co., Ltd. Electronic cooling apparatus
US5964092A (en) * 1996-12-13 1999-10-12 Nippon Sigmax, Co., Ltd. Electronic cooling apparatus
EP1321117A3 (en) * 2001-12-19 2003-10-08 FORFAS, (trading as PEI Technologies) Contrast bathing physiotherapy device
EP3173042A1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2017-05-31 The General Hospital Corporation Method and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
US9649220B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2017-05-16 The General Hospital Corporation Treatment systems for removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells
EP1917935A1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2008-05-07 The General Hospital Corporation Method and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
AU2003220311B2 (en) * 2002-03-15 2009-01-29 The General Hospital Corporation Methods and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
EP2241295A1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2010-10-20 The General Hospital Corporation Methods and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
US8834547B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2014-09-16 The General Hospital Corporation Treatment systems for removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells
EP1490005A2 (en) * 2002-03-15 2004-12-29 The General Hospital Corporation Methods and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
AU2009200451B2 (en) * 2002-03-15 2012-04-12 The General Hospital Corporation Methods and Devices for Selective Disruption of Fatty Tissue by Controlled Cooling
US9358149B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2016-06-07 The General Hospital Corporation Systems for affecting subcutaneous lipid-rich cells, systems for removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells, and systems for reducing subcutaneous lipid-rich cells
US8840608B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2014-09-23 The General Hospital Corporation Methods and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
US9308120B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2016-04-12 The General Hospital Corporation Methods and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
EP2260801A3 (en) * 2002-03-15 2012-10-17 The General Hospital Corporation Method for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
US11590020B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2023-02-28 The General Hospital Corporation Methods and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
EP1490005A4 (en) * 2002-03-15 2006-01-04 Gen Hospital Corp Methods and devices for selective disruption of fatty tissue by controlled cooling
AU2009200451B9 (en) * 2002-03-15 2013-12-05 The General Hospital Corporation Methods and Devices for Selective Disruption of Fatty Tissue by Controlled Cooling
US8337539B2 (en) 2006-02-22 2012-12-25 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cooling device for removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells
US7854754B2 (en) 2006-02-22 2010-12-21 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cooling device for removing heat from subcutaneous lipid-rich cells
US12070411B2 (en) 2006-04-28 2024-08-27 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cryoprotectant for use with a treatment device for improved cooling of subcutaneous lipid-rich cells
US9132031B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2015-09-15 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cooling device having a plurality of controllable cooling elements to provide a predetermined cooling profile
US11395760B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2022-07-26 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Tissue treatment methods
US11986421B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2024-05-21 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cooling devices with flexible sensors
US11219549B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2022-01-11 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cooling device having a plurality of controllable cooling elements to provide a predetermined cooling profile
US11179269B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2021-11-23 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Cooling device having a plurality of controllable cooling elements to provide a predetermined cooling profile
US8192474B2 (en) 2006-09-26 2012-06-05 Zeltiq Aesthetics, Inc. Tissue treatment methods
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