GB2281489A - Expanded metal heating elements - Google Patents
Expanded metal heating elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2281489A GB2281489A GB9317479A GB9317479A GB2281489A GB 2281489 A GB2281489 A GB 2281489A GB 9317479 A GB9317479 A GB 9317479A GB 9317479 A GB9317479 A GB 9317479A GB 2281489 A GB2281489 A GB 2281489A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- expanded metal
- electric heating
- element according
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel-chrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
- H05B3/36—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Landscapes
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
An electrical heating element (1) is formed by a multiplicity of lengths (2) of expanded metal.The lengths (2) are glued, bonded or laminated between sheets (by stitching) (3, 4) of suitable electrical insulating material, for example glass reinforced plastics material. Electrical termination to the lengths (2) is provided by folding the expanded metal material to provide a relatively thick zone to which electrical terminals can be connected, or by providing a solid metal strip connected to the lengths for the purposes of providing a connection for the electrical terminals. <IMAGE>
Description
EXPANDED METAL HEATING ELEMENTS
This invention relates to electrical resistance heating elements, and more particularly to such elements in which the ohmic resistance component is one or more pieces of expanded metal.
The use of expanded metal as the ohmic element of an electrical heater offers a number of significant advantages. Expanded metal is readily available or can readily be formed to a very wide range of specifications.
The basic stock from which the expanded metal is produced may be selected to have any desired thickness within a wide range. The size and spacing of the cuts formed in the base material and the degree of expansion of the material subsequent to cutting are all controllable and accordingly, by appropriate selection of basic material and formation specification material can be produced having a wide range of mechanical characteristics and ohmic resistance values.
Such material is accordingly ideally suited for fabrication of a wide range of heater elements.
However, the nature of expanded metal is such that particular care must be exercised in attaching supply cables to the metal and in encapsulating the metal in a manner to form a usable heating element. The present invention is concerned with various techniques which may be applied to expanded metal in order to form practical heating elements in the form of heating panels, heating blankets, heating tapes, and the like.
According to the broadest aspect of the present invention an electric heating element comprises a piece of expanded metal to which electrical terminals are connected to enable a controlled current to flow through the piece of expanded metal to heat same by virtue of the ohmic resistance of the piece of expanded metal.
The expanded metal may be any suitable material, for example stainless steel, cupro-nickel, nickel-chrome, copper or copper alloy.
The thickness of the base material, prior to slitting, is selected in light of the proposed application of the heating element and may typically be in the range of 0.025mm to 0.625mm. The size and position of the slits formed to produce the expanded metal, and the degree of expansion applied to the metal, will be determined in light of both mechanical and electrical requirements for the heating element. The expanded metal, once formed, may be cut to any desired width in light of the proposed form of the heating element and may, typically, have a width within the range of 3mm to 150mm.
In order to provide electrical insulation for the expanded metal element, the expanded metal will generally be enclosed within non-conducting cover. The cover may, for example, comprise glued, bonded or laminated glass reinforced plastics material or may comprise a woven or knitted insulating material, for example a glass tape or glass cloth. The heating elements may be bonded to the cover material or may be contained within the cover material by other suitable means. For example, if a flexible heating element is required a strip of expanded metal may be wrapped in a glass cloth or, if intended operating temperature of the element permits, in a polymer cover.
In order to provide satisfactory electrical terminations onto the expanded metal portions of the expanded metal may be folded to produce two or more thicknesses of expanded metal, and termination may be provided to the resultant thickened zone. Additionally or alternatively suitable solid metal strips may be secured to the expanded metal, as by welding or the like, in order to provide electrical termination means.
The above and further features and advantages of the invention will become clear from the following description of embodiments thereof, given by way of example only, reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein:
Figure 1 shows schematically one possible form of element;
Figure 2 shows an alternative form of element;
Figure 3 shows a method of formation of an element; and
Figure 4 shows an alternative method of formation of an element including application of low resistance busbars to element strips.
Referring firstly to Figure 1 there is shown schematically a heater 1 comprising an element formed by a multiplicity of lengths 2 of expanded metal. The composition of the.expanded metal, the geometry of the expansion, and the dimensions of the strip 2 will be determined by the application to which the element is to be put.
In order to provide physical integrity for the heater and to provide electrical insulation for the expanded metal the expanded metal members are glued, bonded or laminated between sheets 3,4 of suitable material, for example glass reinforced plastics material or other polymers.
In the heater of Figure 2 the lengths 2 of expanded metal are located between flexible sheets 5,6 of suitable material, for example polyester, glass tape, glass cloth, or other suitable flexible material. Lines of stitching 7 secure the sheets 5,6 together on either side of each length 2 to maintain the length in the correct position.
In the elements of Figure 1 and 2 the strips 2 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a series/parallel arrangement.
As shown in Figure 3, where two adjacent strips are to be in series they can be formed by bending a single strip of material in two 450 bends 8,9. If desired, the overlapping portions of expanded metal may be spot welded to each other on the bends.
Figure 4 illustrates an alternative method of connecting the strips 2 in a series arrangement. In this case low resistance busbars 10 are used to interconnect adjacent ends of the strips 2. The busbars will be of a material compatible with that of the expanded metal and are secured to the expanded metal strips by suitable means, for example and electrical seam welding process.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention a strip of expanded metal is provided, along each longitudinal edge, with continuous busbars 10 secured thereto by any suitable process. The expanded metal and busbars are then cut to remove portions thereof whereby an element is formed in which the various strips of expanded metal are in series, in parallel, or in series/parallel arrangements depending on the nature of the heating elements required. By this means, accurately controlled and inexpensive heating elements can readily be produced.
Claims (10)
1. An electric heating element comprising a piece of expanded metal to which electrical terminals are connected to enable a controlled current to flow through the piece of expanded metal to heat same by virtue of the ohmic resistance of the piece of expanded metal.
2. An electric heating element according to claim 1 wherein said heating element is formed by slitting and expanding a sheet of metal base material having a thickness in the range 0.025mm to 0.625mm.
3. An electric heating element according to claim 2 wherein the base material is selective from a group comprising stainless steel, cupro-nickel and nickelchrome.
4. An electric heating element according to claim 2 wherein the base material is selected from a group comprising copper and copper alloy.
5. An electric heating element according to claim 1 wherein the expanded metal is enclosed within an electrically non-conducting cover.
6. An electric heating element according to claim 5 wherein said cover comprises glued, bonded, or laminated glass reinforced plastics material.
7. An electric heating element according to claim 5 wherein said cover comprises woven or knitted insulating material.
8. An electric heating element according to claim 7 wherein said woven or knitted insulating material comprises glass tape or glass cloth.
9. An electric heating element according to claim 1 wherein portions of said expanded metal are folded to produce two or more thicknesses of expanded metal for the purposes of providing a suitable termination for said electric terminals.
10. An electric heating element according to claim 1 wherein areas of solid strip metal are secured to said expanding metal in order to provide electrical terminations for said electric terminals.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9317479A GB2281489A (en) | 1993-08-23 | 1993-08-23 | Expanded metal heating elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9317479A GB2281489A (en) | 1993-08-23 | 1993-08-23 | Expanded metal heating elements |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9317479D0 GB9317479D0 (en) | 1993-10-06 |
| GB2281489A true GB2281489A (en) | 1995-03-01 |
Family
ID=10740877
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9317479A Withdrawn GB2281489A (en) | 1993-08-23 | 1993-08-23 | Expanded metal heating elements |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2281489A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU184008U1 (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-10-11 | Олег Васильевич Марусич | Electric heating panel |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB369231A (en) * | 1930-12-16 | 1932-03-16 | Ernest Thomas Williams | Improvements in or relating to electrical resistances, heaters and the like |
| GB397932A (en) * | 1932-03-04 | 1933-09-04 | Expanded Metal | Improvements in or relating to electrical resistances, resistance heaters and the like |
| GB663999A (en) * | 1949-06-02 | 1951-01-02 | Expanded Metal | Improvements in or relating to electrical resistance and heater elements |
| GB1375202A (en) * | 1972-03-08 | 1974-11-27 | ||
| EP0084873A2 (en) * | 1982-01-22 | 1983-08-03 | Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device for automotive application |
| GB2114860A (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1983-08-24 | Metal Deploye Le | Electrical resistor of stiffended sheetmetal |
-
1993
- 1993-08-23 GB GB9317479A patent/GB2281489A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB369231A (en) * | 1930-12-16 | 1932-03-16 | Ernest Thomas Williams | Improvements in or relating to electrical resistances, heaters and the like |
| GB397932A (en) * | 1932-03-04 | 1933-09-04 | Expanded Metal | Improvements in or relating to electrical resistances, resistance heaters and the like |
| GB663999A (en) * | 1949-06-02 | 1951-01-02 | Expanded Metal | Improvements in or relating to electrical resistance and heater elements |
| GB1375202A (en) * | 1972-03-08 | 1974-11-27 | ||
| GB2114860A (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1983-08-24 | Metal Deploye Le | Electrical resistor of stiffended sheetmetal |
| EP0084873A2 (en) * | 1982-01-22 | 1983-08-03 | Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal display device for automotive application |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU184008U1 (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-10-11 | Олег Васильевич Марусич | Electric heating panel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9317479D0 (en) | 1993-10-06 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |