GB2275922A - Bifilm process and plant - Google Patents

Bifilm process and plant Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2275922A
GB2275922A GB9404697A GB9404697A GB2275922A GB 2275922 A GB2275922 A GB 2275922A GB 9404697 A GB9404697 A GB 9404697A GB 9404697 A GB9404697 A GB 9404697A GB 2275922 A GB2275922 A GB 2275922A
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Prior art keywords
waste water
water treatment
treatment plant
plant according
process according
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GB9404697A
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GB2275922B (en
GB9404697D0 (en
Inventor
Rodney Stuwart Denton
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BIWATER EUROP Ltd
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BIWATER EUROP Ltd
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Publication of GB2275922A publication Critical patent/GB2275922A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/121—Multistep treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/025—Biological purification using sources of oxygen other than air, oxygen or ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/06—Aerobic processes using submerged filters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/26—Activated sludge processes using pure oxygen or oxygen-rich gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2806—Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

A waste water treatment plant comprising a plurality of treatment sections. Each said section is alternatively operable as the primary inlet section. The treatment sections are adapted to receive the waste water and incorporate a filter. The filter incorporates a fixed biomass support medium and biological growth develops on this medium to aid in the waste water treatment. The treatment section(s) is/are tall so as to minimise land area requirements and maximise efficiency. Both aerobic and anaerobic treatment can be carried out by the plant and various combinations are envisaged. A process is provided utilising the abovementioned plant.

Description

BIFILM PROCESS AND PLANT The present invention relates to a treatment process and plant, and in particular, to a waste water treatment process and plant.
In the present specification, the term, "waste water" is to be taken to mean sewage, industrial effluents, polluted waters, raw water or the like waste liquid.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a waste water treatment plant comprising a plurality of treatment sections wherein each said section is alternatively operable as the primary inlet section.
Preferably, each of the said sections further comprise a filter. Preferably, the said filter comprises a biomass support medium, typically, operable to be fully immersed in water. Preferably, in operation the said filter is aerated.
Typically, the said sections are tall tanks.
Such tall tanks minimise land area requirements and maximise aeration efficiency.
Tall tanks may be defined as those for which the height is between 2 and 3Om and the height : diameter ratio is greater than 1.
Preferably, the tall tanks are between 2m and 30m in height.
The treatment plant may be a combined aerobic/anaerobic treatment plant.
Typically, the said waste water may comprise any of the following: sewage, industrial effluents, polluted waters, and raw water for drinking water or process water purposes.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a waste water treatment plant comprising a treatment section adapted to receive waste water, the said treatment section incorporating a filter, and being tall so as to minimise land area requirements and maximise efficiency.
Preferably, the treatment plant is a combined anaerobic/aerobic treatment plant.
Typically, the said treatment plant comprises a plurality of treatment sections wherein each said section is alternatively operable as the primary inlet section.
Preferably, the biomass support medium forms sections, spaced at intervals within the tall tanks.
Preferably, each section of media is supported.
Preferably, each section of media is supported separately. Typically, support for the media is supported by expanded mesh bolted to the internal annular ring of the tower. Conveniently, the said mesh is bolted to the tanks at each flange connection. Typically, each section is supported at the top and the base by means of the said expanded mesh.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a waste water treatment process comprising treating the waste water in a treatment plant comprising a plurality of treatment sections wherein each said section is alternatively operable as the primary inlet section.
Preferably, each of the said treatment sections further comprise a filter. Preferably, the said filter comprises a biomass support medium, typically, fully immersed in water. Preferably, in operation the said filter is aerated. Typically, the said sections are tall tanks. The tall tanks minimise land area requirements and maximise aeration efficiency.
Preferably, the treatment plant is a combined aerobic/anaerobic treatment plant.
Typically, the said waste water may comprise any of the following; sewage, industrial effluents, polluted waters and raw water for drinking water or process water purposes.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided a waste water treatment process comprising a treatment section adapted to receive waste water and having a filter, the said treatment section being tall so as to minimise land area requirements and maximise efficiency.
Preferably, the treatment section is tall so as to maximise aeration efficiency.
Preferably, the treatment plant is a combined aerobic/anaerobic treatment plant.
Typically, the said treatment plant comprises a plurality of treatment sections wherein each said section is alternatively operable as the primary inlet section.
Typically, biological growth develops on the said biomass support medium. The said biological growth may perform either carbonaceous oxidation or nitrification and de-nitrification treatment of the water.
Preferably, the biomass support medium is of a random or structured nature.
The plant preferably consists of a multiplicity of reactor columns or shafts which may be vertical or horizontal, or any orientation between these extremes, for example, if the situation requires partial or total instalation beneath the ground a substantially horizontal shaft may be most suitable.
The liquid flow in each of the columns may be upf low or downf low, with feed liqour passing through each column in series. In either case the relative flow of gas and water may be counter current or co-current with feed liqour passing through each column in series.
Preferably, the plant is operated by means of atmospheric air, oxygen enriched air or pure oxygen introduced at the base or inlet of the reactor or at any intermediate stage in the relevant reactor section. Alternatively, the aeration can be performed by the introduction of chemically combined oxygen such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone enriched oxygen or nitrate.
The plant may comprise a single column sub-divided into a multiplicity of reactors by means of a vertical baffle.
The plant may be designed such that a high removal efficiency can be achieved at high loading rates of 0.5 to 2OKgCOD/m3d (0.25 to lOKgBOD/m3d) and such that the aeration efficiency for atmospheric air is in excess of 2Kg02 transferred/KWh.
The effluent from the reactors may be passed through means to remove suspended matter such means may comprise a settlement tank, a dissolved air flotation plant, or a filter. The filter may be a membrane, mesh or media filter. An organic oxygen acceptor may be injected to remove nitrates from the effluent.
The invention may be used for the removal of organic compounds which may be found in sewage in addition to the removal of toxic compounds such as ammonia. Furthermore, the plant is capable of removing nutrients capable of causing eutrophication such as nitrates.
Water may be fed into the top or bottom of the first reactor (T1) as required which may be a multiplicity of reactors in series or parallel. Air may be introduced into the base of T1 and reaction can then occur within, such that soluble organic material and some insoluble organic materials are destroyed.
If another series of reactors are required it may be necessary to install a solids removal stage (S1) between each reactor. This may be a settling tank, lamella clarifier, dissolved air -flotation, hydrocyclone, a membrane system or other suitable means.
Ammonia present in waste water may have an adverse effect on the aquatic environment. The process defined is capable of simultaneously removing carbonaceous matter and oxidising inorganic and organic nitrogenous compounds in a single reactor.
Typically, it can be advantageous to separate these two reactions into different reactors in order to optimise aeration rates, media types and retention times in addition to separating the two possibly incompatible microbial groups.
In such a case, it is preferable for the primary reactor(s) to be used to remove organic material. In doing so this will have the effect of removing BOD.
The resultant liqour may then be passed into the secondary reactor(s) possibly following removal of solids in S1 where ammonium conversion to nitrate via nitrite could take place. The treated effluent, following possible further solids removal should contain only trace amounts of organic material and ammonia.
The invention may also be utilised for the biological treatment of sewage comprising a primary reactor or a multiplicity of reactors. Preferably, in such a case, air/oxygen is introduced at the base of each reactor. Carbonaceous treatment of sewage and oxidation of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds may occur within the primary system and this may be followed by an anoxic system comprising a secondary reactor or multiplicity of reactors containing an organic carbon supply. The nitrified effluent from the said primary reactor, possibly following solids separation may be introduced via a pipe into the secondary reactors wherein the oxidised nitrogen so lutes may be reduced biochemically to nitrogen gas, which may then escape to the atmosphere, possibly enhanced by means of a aeration tank downstream of the secondary reactor system.
The invention may also be utilised for the biological treatment of sewage comprising a primary anoxic reactor or multiplicity of reactors, followed by a secondary oxic reactor or multiplicity of reactors. The secondary reactor system in such a case performs carbonaceous treatment and nitrification of organic and inorganic ammounium compounds, this may then be recycled to the primary reactor system. The ratio between the volumetric rate of this recycle and the net throughput of the plant may vary between 2 and 6 depending upon influent nitrogen levels and treated water requirements.
The simultaneous addition of raw or settled sewage to the primary anoxic reactor system removes the need for addition of an external carbon source.
In this latter configuration it will be possible to combine the anoxic compartment and the oxic compartments within a common tower.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described further by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig is a plan view of a bifilm process plant; Fig.2 is an elevational view taken along the arrow A in Fig.1; Fig.3 is an elevational view taken along the arrow B in Fig. 1; Fig.4 is an elevational view taken along the arrow C in Fig.l; Fig. 5 is an elevational view taken along the arrow D in Fig.l; Fig.6 is a section taken along the line A-A of Fig.3; Fig.7 is a schematic diagram of a bifilm process plant; Fig.8 is a schematic diagram of a bifilm process plant with a carbon source; and Fig.9 is a schematic diagram of a bifilm process plant with a recycling option.
Referring to the drawings, a bifilm pilot plant 1 comprises two towers 2 and 4 each of height 14.25m, supported by a central structure 10 which incorporates an access stairway ii.
Each tower consists of four lengths of 700mm diameter case iron pipes flanged and bolted together.
The base of each tower is conical. Sampling points are positioned vertically up each tower as depicted by the letter J in Fig.7.
The associated pipework valve and pump system is designed in such a way to allow the waste water to be introduced at the bottom or the top of each tower, this flexibility will allow for counter-current, or co-current operation with respect to air as required.
Each reactor can operate as a single pass (once through) system or as a loop reactor. Recycle mono-pumps dedicated to each tower can recycle effluent from the bottom of each tower to the top or vice-versa, dependant on whether the system is operating in a co, or a counter current sequence.
Raw water is introduced into the first holding tank 6 and is then pumped by means of a dresser mono-pump (2m3/hr-i0m3/hr). The flow rate of feed is measured in this line, by means of a Danfoss Electromagnetic flowmeter. The feed then enters the first reactor 12,20. Air is compressed by means of a model 37 Hydrovane compressor (0-141/s) Free air delivery, max pressure 7Bar G), and is introduced into the liqour by means of diffusers or alternative oxygen injection system positioned at the bottom of the reactor.
Following treatment in the first reactor 12,20 the waste water can then follow one of two paths: (i) direct transfer to the second reactor 14,22; (ii) transfer initially to the intermediate settling tank 16 following settling supernatant would then flow into the second holding tank 8 from where it would then be pumped into the second reactor 14,22.
Air is introduced into reactor 14,22 in a similar way to reactor 12,20. The flow rate can be independently controlled. Following treatment in reactor 14,22 the final water is discharged by gravity.
The pipework system also allows for the sequence of reactors to be reversed, such that raw water may enter reactor 14,22 initially, and be discharged after treatment in reactor 12,20 It will be appreciated that the present invention is not intended to be restricted to the details of the above described embodiment which is given by way of example only.

Claims (99)

1. A waste water treatment plant comprising a plurality of treatment sections wherein each said section has an inlet for receiving the said waste waste which is alternatively operable as the primary inlet of the said plant.
2. A waste water treatement plant according to claim wherein each of the said sections further comprise a filter.
3. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 2, wherein the said filter comprises a biomass support medium.
4. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 3, wherein the biomass support medium is operable to be fully immersed in water.
5. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 2 to 4 wherein in operation the said filter is aerated.
6. A waste water treatment plant according to any preceding claim, wherein the said sections are tall tanks.
7. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 6, wherein the tall tanks are between 2m and 30m in height.
8. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the treatement plant is a combined aerobic/anaerobic treatment plant.
9. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 1 to 8 wherein, the said waste water comprises any of the following; sewage, industrial effluents, polluted waters, and raw water for drinking water or process water purposes.
10. A waste water treatment plant comprising a treatment section adapted to receive waste water, the said treatment section incorporating a filter, and being tall so as to minimise land area requirements and maximise efficiency.
11. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 10, wherein the treatment plant is a combined anaerobic/aerobic treatment plant.
12. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 9 or 10, wherein the said treatment plant comprises a plurality of treatment sections.
13. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 12, wherein each said section is alternatively operable as the primary inlet section.
14. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 10 to 13, wherein the said filter comprises a biomass support medium.
15. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 3 to 9 or 14, wherein the biomass support medium forms sections, spaced at intervals within the tall tanks.
16. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 15, wherein each section of media is supported.
17. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 16, wherein each section of media is supported separately.
18. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 16 or 17, wherein support for the media is supported by expanded mesh bolted to the internal annular ring of the tower.
19. A waste water treatment plant according to claims 18, wherein the said mesh is bolted to the tanks at each flange connection.
20. A waste water treatment plant according to claims 18 or 19, wherein each section is supported at the top and the base by means of the said expanded mesh.
21. A waste water treatment process comprising treating the waste water in a treatment plant comprising a plurality of treatment sections wherein each said section has an inlet for receiving the said waste water which is alternatively operable as the primary inlet section.
22. A waste water treatment process according to claims 21, wherein each of the said treatment sections further comprise a filter.
23. A waste water treatment process according to claims 22, wherein the said filter comprises a biomass support medium.
24. A waste water treatment process according to claims 23, wherein the biomass support medium is operable to be fully immersed in water.
25. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 22 to 24 wherein in operation the said filter is aerated.
26. A waste water treatment process according to any preceding claim, wherein the said sections are tall tanks.
27. A waste water treatment process according to claim 26, wherein the tall tanks are between 2m and 30m in height.
28. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 21 to 27, wherein the treatment plant is a combined aerobic/anaerobic treatment plant.
29. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 21 to 28 wherein, the said waste water comprises any of the following; sewage, industrial effluents, polluted waters, and raw water for drinking water or process water purposes.
30. A waste water treatment process comprising treating the waste water in a treatment plant comprising a treatment section adapted to receive waste water and having a filter, the said treatment section being tall so as to minimise land area requirements and maximise efficiency.
31. A waste water treatment process according to claim 30, wherein the treatment section is tall so as to maximise aeration efficiency.
32. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 30 or claim 31, wherein the treatment plant is a combined anaerobic/aerobic treatment plant.
33. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 30 to 32, wherein the said treatment plant comprises a plurality of treatment sections.
34. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 33, wherein each said section is alternatively operable as the primary inlet section.
35. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 30 to 34, wherein the said filter comprises a biomass support medium.
36. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 23 to 29 or 35, wherein the biomass support medium forms sections, spaced at intervals within the tall tanks.
37. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 36, wherein each section of media is supported.
38. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 37, wherein each section of media is supported separately.
39. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 37 or 38, wherein support for the media is supported by expanded mesh bolted to the internal annular ring of the tower.
40. A waste water treatment.plant according to claims 39, wherein the said mesh is bolted to the tanks at each flange connection.
41. A waste water treatment plant according to claims 39 or 40, wherein each section is supported at the top and the base by means of the said expanded mesh.
42. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 23 to 29 or 35 to 41, wherein biological growth develops on the said biomass support medium.
43. A waste water treatment process according to claim 42, wherein biological growth performs carbonaceous oxidation of the water.
44. A waste water treatment process according to claim 42, wherein the biological growth performs nitrification and de-nitrification treatment of the said waste water.
45. A waste water treatment process according to claims 23 to 29 or 35 to 44, wherein the biomass support medium is of a random or structured nature.
46. A waste water treatment process according to claims 21 to 45, wherein the plant comprises one or a multiplicity of reactor columns or shafts.
47. A waste water treatment process according to claim 46, wherein the said columns or shafts are vertical, horizontal, or any orientation between these extremes.
48. A waste water treatment process according to claim 46 or 47, wherein the liquid flow in each of the columns or shafts is alternatively upf low or downflow, with feed liqour passing through each column in series.
49. A waste water treatment process according to claim 48, wherein in either case the relative flow of gas and water is alternatively counter current or co-current with feed liqour passing through each column in series.
50. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 28, 29 or 31 to 49, wherein the plant aeration is operated by means of atmospheric air, oxygen enriched air or pure oxygen introduced at the base or inlet of the reactor or at any intermediate stage in the relevant reactor section.
51. A waste water treatment process according to claim 50, wherein aeration can be performed by the introduction of chemically combined oxygen sucb as hydrogen peroxide, ozone enriched oxygen or nitrate.
52. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 21 to 51, wherein the plant comprises a single column sub-divided into a multiplicity of reactors by means of a vertical baffle.
53. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 21 to 52, wherein the effluent from the reactors is passed through means to remove suspended matter such means comprising a settlement tank, a dissolved air flotation plant, or a filter.
54. A waste water treatment process according to claim 53, wherein the filter may be a membrane, mesh or media filter.
55. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 21 to 54, wherein an organic oxygen acceptor is injected at a predetermnied point in the process to remove nitrates from the effluent.
56. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 21 to 55, wherein the process defined simultaneously removes carbonaceous matter and oxidises inorganic and organic nitrogenous compounds in a single reactor.
57. A waste water treatment process according to claim 56, wherein the said two reactions are carried out in different reactors in order to optimise aeration rates, media types and retention times in addition to separating the two possibly incompatible microbial groups.
58. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 21 to 57, wherein the invention is utilised for the biological treatment of sewage comprising a primary reactor or a multiplicity of reactors.
59. A waste water treatment process according to claim 58, wherein air/oxygen is introduced at the base of each reactor.
60. A waste water treatment process according to claim 58 or 59, wherein carbonaceous treatment of sewage and oxidation of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds occur within the primary reactor system.
61. A waste water treatment process according to claim 60, wherein the said treatment in the primary reactor system is followed by treatment in an anoxic reactor system comprising a secondary reactor or multiplicity of reactors containing an organic carbon supply.
62. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 60 or 61, wherein effluent from the said primary reactor system is introduced into the secondary reactor system and wherein the oxidised nitrogen so lutes from the said first reactor system are reduced biochemically in the said second reactor system to nitrogen gas.
63. A waste water treatment process according to claim 62, wherein removal of the reduction products is enhanced by means of an aeration tank downstream of the secondary reactor system.
64. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 21 to 58, wherein the invention utilises the bioloical treatment of sewage comprising a primary anoxic reactor or multiplicity of reactors, followed by a secondary oxic reator or multiplicity of reactors.
65. A waste water treatment process according to claim 64, wherein the secondary reactor system performs carbonaceous treatment and nitrification of organic and inorganic ammonium compounds.
66. A waste water treatment process according to claim 65, wherein the effluent of the secondary reactor system is recycled to the primary reactor system.
67. A waste water treatment process according to claim 66, wherein the ratio between the volumetric rate of the recycle and the net throughput of the plant varies between 2 and 6 depending upon influent nitrogen levels and treated water requirements.
68. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 64 to 67, wherein the simultaneous addition of raw or settled sewage to the primary anoxic reactor system removes the need for addition of an external carbon source.
69. A waste water treatment process according to any of claims 61 to 68, wherein the anoxic compartment and the oxic compartments are combined within a common tower.
70. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 3 to 9 or 14 to 20, wherein biological growth develops on the said biomass support medium.
71. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 70, wherein biological growth performs carbonaceous oxidation of the water.
72. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 70, wherein the biological growth performs nitrification and de-nitrification treatment of the said waste water.
73. A waste water treatment plant according to claims 3 to 9, 14 to 20 or 70 to 73 wherein the biomass support medium is of a random or structured nature.
74. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 1 to 20 or 70 to 74, wherein the plant comprises one or a multiplicity of reactor columns or shafts.
75. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 74, wherein the said columns or shafts are vertical, horizontal, or any orientation between these extremes.
76. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 74 or 75, wherein the liquid flow in each of the columns of shafts is alternatively upf low or downf low, with feed liqour passing through each column in series.
77. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 76, wherein in either case the relative flow of gas and water is alternatively counter current or co-current with feed liqour passing through each column in series.
78. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 5 to 9, 11 to 20 or 70 to 77, wherein the plant aeration is operated by means of atmospheric air, oxygen enriched air or pure oxygen introduced at the base or inlet of the reactor or at any intermediate stage in the relevant reactor section.
79. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 78, wherein aeration can be performed by the introduction of chemically combined oxygen such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone enriched oxygen or nitrate.
80. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 1 to 20 or 70 to 79, wherein the plant comprises a single column sub-divided into a multiplicity of reactors by means of a vertical baffle.
81. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 1 to 20 or 70 to 80 wherein the effluent from the reactors is passed through means to remove suspended matter such means comprising a settlement tank, a dissolved air flotation plant, or a filter.
82. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 81, wherein the filter may be a membrane, mesh or media filter.
83. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 1 to 20 or 70 to 82, wherein an organic oxygen acceptor is injected at a predetermined point in the process to remove nitrates from the effluent.
84. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 1 to 20 or 70 to 83, wherein the process defined simultaneously removes carbonaceous matter and oxidises inorganic and organic nitrogenous compounds in a single reactor.
85. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 84, wherein the said two reactions are carried out in different reactors in order to optimise aeration rates, media types and retention times in addition to separating the two possibly incompatible microbial groups.
86. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 1 to 20 or 70 to 85, wherein the invention is utilised for the biological treatment of sewage comprising a primary reactor or a multiplicity of reactors.
87. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 86, wherein air/oxygen is introduced at the base of each reactor.
88. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 86 or 87, wherein carbonaceous treatment of sewage and oxidation of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds occur within the primary reactor system.
89. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 88, wherein the said treatment in the primary reactor system is followed by treatment in an anoxic reactor system comprising a secondary reactor or multiplicity of reactors containing an organic carbon supply.
90. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 88 or 89, wherein effluent from the said primary reactor system is introduced into the secondary reactor system and wherein the oxidised nitrogen so lutes from the said first reactor system are reduced biochemically in the said reactor system to nitrogen gas.
91. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 90 , wherein removal of the reduction products is enhanced by means of an aeration tank downstream of the secondary reactor system.
92. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 1 to 20 or 70 to 86, wherein the invention utilises the biological treatment of sewage comprising a primary anoxic reactor or multiplicity of reactors, followed by a secondary oxic reator or multiplicity of reactors.
93. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 92, wherein the secondary reactor system performs carbonaceous treatment and nitrification of organic and inorganic ammonium compounds.
94. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 93, wherein the effluent of the secondary reactor system is recycled to the primary reactor system.
95. A waste water treatment plant according to claim 94, wherein the reatio between the volumetric rate of the recycle and the net throughput of the plant varies between 2 and 6 depending upon influent nitrogen levels and treated water requirements.
96. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 92 to 95, wherein the simultaneous addition of raw or settled sewage to the primary anoxic reactor system removes the need for addition of an external carbon source.
97. A waste water treatment plant according to any of claims 89 to 96, wherein the anoxic compartment and the oxic compartments are combined within a common tower.
98. A waste water treatment plant substantially as hereinbefore defined with reference to the accompanying drawings.
99. A waste water treatment process substantially as hereinbefore defined with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB9404697A 1993-03-11 1994-03-11 Bifilm process and plant Expired - Fee Related GB2275922B (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0689521A1 (en) * 1993-03-18 1996-01-03 The Lenox Institute Of Water Technology, Inc. Compact clarifier system for municipal waste water treatment
WO1996030306A2 (en) * 1995-03-31 1996-10-03 Aquatex Corporation Biological method of waste water treatment
WO2011073744A1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-23 Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies Support Method of treating wastewater and producing an activated sludge having a high biopolymer production potential

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GB1409088A (en) * 1972-12-19 1975-10-08 Ames Crosta Ltd Surface-aeration plant
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GB1496069A (en) * 1974-11-18 1977-12-21 Kaelin J R Method for the biological purification of effluent and the plant for carrying out the process
EP0025597A1 (en) * 1979-09-12 1981-03-25 August Dr. Ing. Schreiber Process and plant for the activated-sludge purification of waste water
EP0071960A2 (en) * 1981-08-03 1983-02-16 Passavant-Werke Ag Plant and process for the biological purification of waste water
WO1984001363A1 (en) * 1982-09-28 1984-04-12 Ww Eng As A method and a system for decomposing organic waste material by bacterial action so as to generate combustible gas
GB2198123A (en) * 1986-11-22 1988-06-08 Ashbrook Simon Hartley Inc A method of and apparatus for treating waste water

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DE2756171C2 (en) * 1977-12-16 1979-12-13 Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Process for the rehabilitation of wastewater treatment plants which are overloaded during continuous operation and wastewater treatment plant for carrying out such a process
GB2075547B (en) * 1980-05-02 1984-06-06 Mckeown Jarvie Apparatus for cultivating micro-organisms sewage treatment
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GB2239192A (en) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-26 Edward Andrew Seymour Filter bed

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GB1409088A (en) * 1972-12-19 1975-10-08 Ames Crosta Ltd Surface-aeration plant
US3965009A (en) * 1973-08-23 1976-06-22 Kaelin J R Apparatus for biological purification of an effluent
GB1496069A (en) * 1974-11-18 1977-12-21 Kaelin J R Method for the biological purification of effluent and the plant for carrying out the process
EP0025597A1 (en) * 1979-09-12 1981-03-25 August Dr. Ing. Schreiber Process and plant for the activated-sludge purification of waste water
EP0071960A2 (en) * 1981-08-03 1983-02-16 Passavant-Werke Ag Plant and process for the biological purification of waste water
WO1984001363A1 (en) * 1982-09-28 1984-04-12 Ww Eng As A method and a system for decomposing organic waste material by bacterial action so as to generate combustible gas
GB2198123A (en) * 1986-11-22 1988-06-08 Ashbrook Simon Hartley Inc A method of and apparatus for treating waste water

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0689521A1 (en) * 1993-03-18 1996-01-03 The Lenox Institute Of Water Technology, Inc. Compact clarifier system for municipal waste water treatment
EP0689521A4 (en) * 1993-03-18 1997-11-19 Lenox Water Tech Inst Compact clarifier system for municipal waste water treatment
WO1996030306A2 (en) * 1995-03-31 1996-10-03 Aquatex Corporation Biological method of waste water treatment
WO1996030306A3 (en) * 1995-03-31 1997-01-03 Aquatex Corp Biological method of waste water treatment
WO2011073744A1 (en) * 2009-12-18 2011-06-23 Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies Support Method of treating wastewater and producing an activated sludge having a high biopolymer production potential

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2275922B (en) 1997-09-10
GB9404697D0 (en) 1994-04-27
GB9305022D0 (en) 1993-04-28
HK1014530A1 (en) 1999-09-30

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