GB2274412A - Exhaust gas purification - Google Patents
Exhaust gas purification Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2274412A GB2274412A GB9325517A GB9325517A GB2274412A GB 2274412 A GB2274412 A GB 2274412A GB 9325517 A GB9325517 A GB 9325517A GB 9325517 A GB9325517 A GB 9325517A GB 2274412 A GB2274412 A GB 2274412A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pellets
- reactor
- reactor chamber
- gas
- active element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
- B01D53/323—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00 by electrostatic effects or by high-voltage electric fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
- B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
- B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
- B03C3/145—Inertia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/0275—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means using electric discharge means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/028—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means using microwaves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0892—Electric or magnetic treatment, e.g. dissociation of noxious components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/08—Granular material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
A gas purification device comprises a chamber 101 containing a gas permeable body of pellets 110 of a material of high dielectric constant and a pair of electrodes to charge the pellets electrically. In an embodiment a double mesh of stainless steel 109 holds the pellets in place and acts as an electrode. In an embodiment, Figure 2, for a diesel engine, concentric inlet/outlet pipes lead to an annular chamber (201) containing the pellets, cylindrical electrodes (210, 211) being provided around the chamber, with an additional annular electrode (212) to charge particles before they enter the chamber. An oxidising or reducing gas may be fed to the chamber via a valve (215). Two chambers may be provided (Figure 3), one being regenerated while the other is in use. If AC is applied to the electrodes the pellets are self-cleaning. Alternatively the pellets may be regenerated by resistive heating. The pellets may be of Pb or Ba niobate, titanate or zirconate. <IMAGE>
Description
2274412 Gas Purification The present invention relates to the purification
of gases and in particular to the reduction of the emission of particulate and other materials from the exhausts of internal combustion engines.
One of the major problems associated with the development and use of internal combustion engines is the noxious exhaust emissions from such engines. Two of the most deleterious materials, particularly in the case of diesel engines, are particulate carbon and oxides of nitrogen (NO,). Increasingly severe emission control regulations are forcing internal combustion engine and vehicle manufacturers to find more efficient ways of removing these materials in particular from internal combustion engine exhaust emissions. Unfortunately, in practice, it is found that techniques which improve the situation in relation to one of the above components of internal combustion engine exhaust emissions tend to worsen the situation in relation to the other. Even so, a variety of systems for trapping particulate emissions from internal combustion engine exhausts have been investigated, particularly in relation to making such particulate emission traps capable of being regenerated when they have become saturated with particulate material.
Examples of such diesel exhaust particulate filters are to be found in European Patent Application EP 0 010 384; US Patents 4, 505,107; 4,485,622; 4,427,418; and 4,276,066; EP 0 244 061; EP 0 112 634 and EP 0 132 166.
In all the above cases, the particulate matter is removed from diesel exhaust gases by a simple, physical trapping of particulate matter in the interstices of a porous, usually ceramic, filter body, which is then regenerated by heating the filter body to a temperature at which the trapped diesel exhaust particulates are burnt off. In most cases the filter body is monolithic, although EP 0 010 384 does mention the use of ceramic beads, wire meshes or metal screens as well. US Patent 4,427,418 discloses the use of ceramic coated wire or ceramic fibres.
In a broader context, the precipitation of charged particulate matter by electrostatic forces also is known.
However, in this case, precipitation usually takes place upon large planar electrodes or metal screens.
is According to the present invention there is provided a gas purification device, comprising a reactor chamber adapted to form.part of a gas flow system, wherein the reactor chamber includes an active element through which in use gases to be purified are constrained to pass, consisting of a gas permeable body of pellets of a material having a high dielectric constant and at least one pair of electrodes by means of which the pellets within the active element can be charged electrically.
According to the invention in one aspect there is provided a reactor for reducing exhaust emissions from internal combustion engines, comprising a reactor chamber adapted to form part of an internal combustion engine exhaust system, the reactor chamber including an active element through which, in use, exhaust gases are constrained to pass consisting of a gas permeable body of pellets of a heat resistant material having a high dielectric constant and at least one pair of electrodes by means of which the pellets within the active element can be charged electrically.
According to the invention in a second aspect there is provided an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, including a reactor chamber including an active element through which in use exhaust gases are constrained to pass consisting of a gas permeable body of pellets of a heat resistant material having a high dielectric constant and at least one pair of electrodes by means of which the pellets within the active element can be charged electrically.
Preferably there is included more than one reactor chamber and there is provided means whereby exhaust gases can be diverted from one reactor chamber to another.
Preferably the electrodes are in the form of metal grids which serve also to retain the pellets in position within the active element.
The pellets can be regular or irregular in shape and, preferably, in addition to having a high dielectric constant, the material out of which they are made has ferro-electric properties. Suitable materials are lead magnesium niobate, lead titanate, lead zirconate or barium titanate.
Preferably there may be provided also a second set of electrodes so positioned that in use exhaust gases pass the additional electrodes prior to entering a reactor chamber thereby enabling an electric charge to be created on particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas prior to its passage through the active element in the reactor chamber.
According to the invention in another aspect there is provided a method of reducing exhaust emissions from internal combustion engines, comprising the operations of passing exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine through a reactor chamber including an active element consisting of a gas permeable body of pellets of a heat resistant material having a high dielectric constant and applying an electric potential to the pellets in the active element.
Preferably the pellets are heated to a temperature sufficient to burn off carbonaceous deposits upon them; a suitable way of doing this continuously is to apply an AC potential of the order of tens of kilovolts to the pellets; the resulting microplasmas generated in the spaces between the pellets makes them self-cleaning.
is The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a portion of an experimental reactor for reducing exhaust emissions from an internal combustion engine.
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a rapid flow reactor chamber embodying the invention for use in removing particulate and other emissions from the exhaust gases emitted by a diesel engine.
Figure 3 is a representation of another embodiment of the invention, Figure 4 shows particulate deposits on a filter paper included in a test system downstream of an experimental exhaust gas purification device according to Figure 1 of the drawings at various intervals from the start of an experimental run both with the invention in operation and with the invention inoperative, and Figure 5 shows part of two infra red absorption spectra of a test gas passed through the exhaust gas purification device of Figure 1, both with it operative and inoperative. 5 Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, an experimental internal combustion engine exhaust purification apparatus consists of a reactor chamber 101, only one end of which is shown and described as the other end is identical. Each end of the reactor chamber 101 consists of a metal end-piece 102 which is adapted to fit inside a cylindrical envelope 103 which is made of an insulating ceramic material. A gas-tight seal between the end-piece 102 and the envelope 103 is made by an 0 ring seal 104 which seats in a groove 105 formed in the end-piece 102. The endpiece 102 consists of an inner section 106 and an outer section 107 which are held together by a ring of set screws 108. A double mesh 109 made of stainless steel is held between the inner and outer sections 106 and 107 of the end-piece 102. The mesh 109 holds in place a body of ferro-electric pellets and also acts as an electrode by means of which a voltage of the order of 20 kilovolts can be applied to the pellets 110 via a connection 111 to one of the set screws 108. The outer section 105 of the end-piece 102 has a hollow axial stub 112 by means of which exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, not shown, can be admitted to the reactor chamber 101. A similar stub on the corresponding end-piece (not shown) at the other end of the reactor chamber 101 enables the purified exhaust gas to leave the reactor chamber 101. The reactor chamber 101 needs to be isolated electrically from the remainder of the exhaust system of which it forms a part. This can be done in any convenient way. For example, insulating coupling sleeves can be used which fit over the stub 111 and its counterpart at the other end of the reactor chamber 101. Alternatively the stubs can be isolated electrically from the remainder of their respective end pieces.
Referring to Figure 2 of the drawings, a reactor chamber 201 for use with a diesel engine exhaust system to reduce the emission of particulate carbonaceous material therefrom consists of a generally cylindrical outer portion 202, an inner portion 203 and an end plate 204 which is attached by means of a ring of bolts 205 to a flange 206 which forms part of the outer portion 202 A gas-tight seal between the outer portion 202 of the reactor chamber 201 and the end plate 204 is made by means of a gasket 207. The inner portion 203 of the reactor chamber 201 and the end plate 204 are adapted to receive and hold a body 208 of ferro-electric pellets 209 which are packed between two metal mesh cylinders 210 and 211. The cylinders 210 and 211 act as electrodes by means of which the pellets 209 can be charged. Also included is a cylindrical electrode 212 which surrounds the body 208 of pellets 209. The electrode (optional) 212 enables particulate carbonaceous material (soot) in exhaust gases 213 from a diesel engine (not shown) to be charged prior to their passage into and through the body 208 of pellets 209. An inlet port 214 and bleed valve 215 enable an oxidising gas to be fed from a reservoir 216 into the reactor chamber 201, if desired, to assist in regenerating the body 208 of pellets 209 by burning off the soot deposited upon them. Alternatively, a reducing gas such as ammonia or urea can be admitted into the reactor chamber 201 to reduce No. to N2.
In use, a high DC voltage of some kilovolts is applied to the outer electrode 210, which causes the pellets 209 to become strongly polarised and act as an electrostatic filter. The action of the body 208 of 7 pellets 209 is enhanced by applying a similar voltage to the electrode 212 so as to charge soot particles in the exhaust gases 213.
If the body 208 of pellets 209 have become saturated with soot particles, it can be regenerated in situ by a number of techniques. For example, an AC or pulsed DC voltage can be applied to the body 208 of pellets 209 by means of the electrodes 210 and 211 so as to create microplasmas on the surfaces of the pellets 209 which oxidise the soot particles. Alternatively, resistive heating of the pellets 209 can be employed using internal heating elements. Another possibility is to use microwave or RF radiation to create the microplasmas. In all cases, the regeneration can be aided by bleeding oxygen into the reactor chamber 201 via the port 214 and bleed valve 215. Yet another possible way of regenerating the pellets 209 is to increase the temperature of the exhaust gases by making the engine run hot for a short period.
Figure 3 illustrates an arrangement which uses two reactor chambers 301 and 302, which are not illustrated in detail. Each of the reactor chambers 301 and 302 consists of a cylindrical inlet 303, a conical body portion 304 and an outlet 305. Also there are a perforated grid 306, a body 307 of ferro-electric pellets 308, a second perforated grid 309, which together with the grid 306 holds the pellets 308 in place, and an auxiliary charging electrode 309. The grid 304 is earthed and the grid 308 is insulated, so as to be capable of acting as a high voltage charging electrode.
The reactor chambers 301 and 302 are arranged in a Y-configuration and at their junction is placed a flap gate valve 310. In use, the flap valve 310 is arranged 8 to close off one of the reactor chambers 301 and 302 so that it can be regenerated after use and then be ready for use while the other reactor chamber is in use, and vice versa. In order to assist starting of an engine in the exhaust system of which the reactor chambers 301, 302 are included, the flap valve 310 can be positioned so that both reactor chambers 301, 302 are in circuit together.
Referring to Figure 4, there is shown two groups of filter papers which were installed in an experimental rig downstream of the exhaust gas purifier described with reference to Figure 1, through which smoke was passed.
It can be seen that when a potential difference of about 20 kV was applied across the body of ferro-electric pellets 109 even after a period of twelve minutes, substantially all the particulate matter in the smoke was removed by the gas purifier, whereas when no potential difference existed across the body of ferro-electric pellets 109, the filter was totally blocked by particulate matter in the smoke.
Figure 5 shows the results of a similar experiment in which toluene was present in a test gas passed through a purifier as described with reference to Figure 1. As can be seen, the majority of the toluene was removed from the test gas.
It has been found in practice that if the applied potential is AC rather than DC then the ferro-electric pellets show a degree of self-cleaning ability and the lifetime before regeneration by heating is necessary is increased considerably. Under the normal range of diesel engine operating conditions the pellets are completely self cleaning when operated in the AC mode.
9 The self-cleaning effect is enhanced if the pellets are irregular in shape because the corners enhance the formation of microplasmas which assist the oxidation of carbonaceous deposits. Such microplasmas also assist the reduction of nitrous oxides when a reducing gas is added to the exhaust gases in the reactor chamber.
The dielectric constant of most ceramic/ferroelectric materials is a function of temperature with a well-defined maximum value. The material for the pellets 110, 209 therefore can be chosen in accordance with the position in the exhaust system at which the reactor is to be placed. For example, if it is to be placed at the exhaust manifold end of the exhaust system where the operating temperature is likely to be about 5 - 6000C, then materials such as lead niobate, with or without magnesium as a constituent of the material, or lead titanate are suitable, whereas if the reactor is to be placed at the tail pipe end of the exhaust system where operating temperatures are about 3000C, then lead zirconate or related compounds are suitable. other materials can be chosen for use in intermediate positions.
A particularly useful material is barium titanate because it appears to have catalytic properties which promote the reduction of NOX to N2 as well as the oxidation of carbonaceous particles (Soot) to CO/C02/H20.
- 10
Claims (23)
1. A gas purification device, comprising a reactor chamber adapted to form part of a gas flow system, wherein the reactor chamber includes an active element through which in use gases to be purified are constrained to pass, consisting of a gas permeable body of pellets of a material having a high dielectric constant and at least one pair of electrodes by means of which the pellets within the active element can be charged electrically.
2. A reactor for reducing exhaust emissions from internal combustion engines, comprising a reactor chamber adapted to form part of an internal combustion engine is exhaust system, wherein the reactor chamber includes an active element through which in use exhaust gases are constrained to pass consisting of a body of pellets of a heat resistant material having a high dielectric constant and at least one pair of electrodes by means of which the pellets within the active element can be charged electrically.
3. A reactor according to Claim 2 wherein the material out of which the pellets are made has ferroelectric properties.
4. A reactor according to Claim 2 or Claim 3 wherein the material out of which the pellets are made is adapted to catalyse the reduction of Nox to nitrogen and the conversion of carbonaceous material to a gaseous mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water.
5. A reactor according to any of Claims 2 to 4 wherein the pellets are made from lead magnesium niobate, lead titanate, lead zirconate or barium titanate.
6. A reactor according to Claim 5 wherein the pellets are made of barium titanate.
7. A reactor according to any preceding claim wherein there is included an additional set of electrodes so positioned that, in use, gases pass the additional electrodes prior to entering the active element within the reactor chamber.
8. A reactor according to any preceding claim wherein there is provided means for admitting a reactive gas to the reactor chamber.
9. A reactor according to Claim 2 wherein the is electrodes are in the form of metal grids and are adapted to retain the pellets in place within the reactor chamber.
10. A reactor according to any preceding claim wherein there is included means for heating the body of pellets to a temperature sufficient to cause the oxidation of carbonaceous deposits which may form on the pellets.
11. A reactor according to any preceding claim wherein the pellets are irregular in shape.
12. A reactor according to any preceding claim incorporated into an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine.
13. A method of reducing exhaust gas emissions from an internal combustion engine, wherein there is included the operations of passing exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine through a reactor chamber including an active element consisting of a gas permeable body of pellets of a heatresistant material having a high dielectric constant and applying an electric potential to the pellets in the active element sufficient to cause the removal from the exhaust gases of carbonaceous components of the exhaust gases. 5
14. A method according to Claim 13 wherein the electric potential applied to the pellets in the reactor chamber is of the order of tens of kilovolts.
15. A method according to Claim 13 or Claim 14 wherein the electric potential applied to the pellets is a pulsed d.c. or a.c. potential.
16. A method according to any of Claims 12 to 15 including the operation of heating the pellets to a temperature sufficient to burn off carbonaceous deposits upon them.
17. A method according to any of Claims 13 to 16 including the operation of admitting a reactive gas to the reactor chamber.
18. A method according to Claim 17 wherein the reactive gas is adapted to reduce nitrogeneous oxides contained in the exhaust gases.
19. A method according to Claim 17 wherein the reactive gas is adapted to oxidise carbonaceous materials contained in the exhaust gases.
20. A method according to any of Claims 13 to 19 including the operation of subjecting exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine to an electric field prior to the exhaust gas entering the active element in the reactor chamber thereby initially to charge particulate matter entrained in the exhaust gas.
21. A method according to any of Claims 13 to 20 wherein more than one reactor chamber is incorporated into an internal combustion engine exhaust system and there is included the operation of sequentially isolating one of the reactor chambers from the exhaust system and regenerating the active element of that reactor chamber by burning off carbonaceous deposits upon the pellets within the said active element.
22. A gas purification system substantially as hereinbefore described and with reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
23. A method of purifying a gas, substantially as is hereinbefore described and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB939301433A GB9301433D0 (en) | 1993-01-20 | 1993-01-20 | Gas purification |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB9325517D0 GB9325517D0 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
GB2274412A true GB2274412A (en) | 1994-07-27 |
GB2274412B GB2274412B (en) | 1996-05-22 |
Family
ID=10729281
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB939301433A Pending GB9301433D0 (en) | 1993-01-20 | 1993-01-20 | Gas purification |
GB9325517A Expired - Fee Related GB2274412B (en) | 1993-01-20 | 1993-12-14 | Gas purification |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB939301433A Pending GB9301433D0 (en) | 1993-01-20 | 1993-01-20 | Gas purification |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5440876A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0608619B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3056626B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100213592B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69314928T2 (en) |
GB (2) | GB9301433D0 (en) |
NO (1) | NO305492B1 (en) |
Cited By (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5711147A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1998-01-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Plasma-assisted catalytic reduction system |
WO1999005400A1 (en) | 1997-07-23 | 1999-02-04 | Aea Technology Plc | Gas purification device |
WO1999012637A1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-18 | Aea Technology Plc | Substrate media for plasma gas processing reactors |
WO1999012638A1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-18 | Aea Technology Plc | Treatment of gaseous emissions |
WO1999013973A1 (en) * | 1997-09-13 | 1999-03-25 | Aea Technology Plc | Reactor for processing gaseous media |
US5891409A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1999-04-06 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Pre-converted nitric oxide gas in catalytic reduction system |
WO1999024149A1 (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 1999-05-20 | Aea Technology Plc | Plasma discharge gas processing reactors |
GB2332379A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-06-23 | Aea Technology Plc | Gas purification |
WO1999030807A1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 1999-06-24 | Aea Technology Plc | Plasma reactor for processing of gases and ferroelectric particles for use therein |
WO1999038603A1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-05 | Aea Technology Plc | Plasma assisted processing of gas |
WO1999043419A1 (en) | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-02 | Aea Technology Plc | A component for gas treatment |
WO1999047243A1 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-23 | Aea Technology Plc | Gas processing reactors |
US5992141A (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1999-11-30 | Kleen Air Systems, Inc. | Ammonia injection in NOx control |
WO2000043102A2 (en) * | 1999-01-23 | 2000-07-27 | Accentus Plc | Process and reactor for plasma assisted gas processing |
WO2000043645A2 (en) | 1999-01-21 | 2000-07-27 | Accentus Plc | Power supply for processing of gaseous media |
WO2000049278A1 (en) | 1999-02-16 | 2000-08-24 | Accentus Plc | Reactor for plasma assisted gas processing |
WO2000050746A1 (en) | 1999-02-24 | 2000-08-31 | Accentus Plc | Vehicle power supply system |
WO2000078691A1 (en) * | 1999-06-22 | 2000-12-28 | Accentus Plc | Plasma assisted gas processing |
GB2351923A (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-17 | Perkins Engines Co Ltd | Self-cleaning particulate filter utilizing electric discharge currents |
WO2001030485A1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-03 | Accentus Plc | Reactor for plasma treatment of gases |
WO2001059270A1 (en) | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-16 | Accentus Plc | Plasma assisted reactor |
FR2822893A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-04 | Renault | Processing of exhaust gas from internal combustion engine fitted with a particle filter, uses tubular sleeve to trap particles and periodically initiates combustion of these particles to regenerate filter |
US6479023B1 (en) | 1999-08-14 | 2002-11-12 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | System for converting particulate matter in gasoline engine exhaust gases |
US6517786B1 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 2003-02-11 | Institute Fuer Niedertemperatur-Plasmaphysik E. V. An Der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitaet Greifswald | Device and method for decomposing harmful substances contained in flue gas |
US6557340B1 (en) | 1998-10-09 | 2003-05-06 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | System and method for purifying exhaust gases |
US6893617B2 (en) | 2001-06-14 | 2005-05-17 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for retention of non-thermal plasma reactor |
US7011796B2 (en) | 2000-04-11 | 2006-03-14 | Accentus Plc | Plasma assisted catalytic treatment of gases |
US7078000B2 (en) | 2001-06-14 | 2006-07-18 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for mat protection of non-thermal plasma reactor |
US7163663B2 (en) | 2001-03-21 | 2007-01-16 | Accentus Plc | Reactor for plasma assisted treatment of gaseous |
US20100281856A1 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2010-11-11 | Yuji Sakakibara | Device for purification of exhaust gas |
Families Citing this family (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4223277C2 (en) * | 1992-07-15 | 2001-07-19 | Linde Ag | Method and device for removing particles from exhaust gases from internal combustion engines |
US5447630A (en) * | 1993-04-28 | 1995-09-05 | Rummler; John M. | Materials treatment process and apparatus |
US5806305A (en) | 1994-05-18 | 1998-09-15 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Method and apparatus for reducing pollutants |
US6314570B1 (en) | 1996-02-08 | 2001-11-06 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Data processing apparatus for facilitating data selection and data processing in at television environment with reusable menu structures |
US5863413A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1999-01-26 | Litex, Inc. | Method for using hydroxyl radical to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases from the combustion of a fuel |
US6038854A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 2000-03-21 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Plasma regenerated particulate trap and NOx reduction system |
US6038853A (en) | 1996-08-19 | 2000-03-21 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Plasma-assisted catalytic storage reduction system |
US5985222A (en) * | 1996-11-01 | 1999-11-16 | Noxtech, Inc. | Apparatus and method for reducing NOx from exhaust gases produced by industrial processes |
US5853579A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-12-29 | Wastech International Inc. | Treatment system |
US6029442A (en) | 1996-12-18 | 2000-02-29 | Litex, Inc. | Method and apparatus for using free radicals to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases from the combustion of fuel |
US6047543A (en) | 1996-12-18 | 2000-04-11 | Litex, Inc. | Method and apparatus for enhancing the rate and efficiency of gas phase reactions |
US6321531B1 (en) | 1996-12-18 | 2001-11-27 | Litex, Inc. | Method and apparatus for using free radicals to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases from the combustion of a fuel |
US6897073B2 (en) * | 1998-07-14 | 2005-05-24 | Zyomyx, Inc. | Non-specific binding resistant protein arrays and methods for making the same |
US6176078B1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2001-01-23 | Engelhard Corporation | Plasma fuel processing for NOx control of lean burn engines |
FR2788448B1 (en) * | 1999-01-19 | 2001-03-16 | Claude Roux | PYROLYSIS POLLUTANT GAS NEUTRALIZATION SYSTEM |
JP2000348896A (en) | 1999-03-26 | 2000-12-15 | Canon Inc | Plasma generating method, plasma generating device, and gas treatment method in plasma reaction |
GB2350311B (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2001-08-22 | Fang Chung Lu | Electro-chemical water treating apparatus |
US6422002B1 (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2002-07-23 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Method for generating a highly reactive plasma for exhaust gas aftertreatment and enhanced catalyst reactivity |
DE10020555A1 (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2001-10-31 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for cleaning exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine |
US6824743B1 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2004-11-30 | Fleet Guard, Inc. | Space efficient exhaust aftertreatment filter |
JP2002001116A (en) * | 2000-06-20 | 2002-01-08 | Kansai Research Institute | Method for treatment of gas or liquid containing malodorous harmful substance, catalyst device for oxidation-reduction reaction and catalyst for oxidation- reduction reaction |
GB2366747B (en) * | 2000-09-14 | 2004-06-30 | Aea Technology Plc | The plasma assisted catalytic treatment of gases |
US7347979B2 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2008-03-25 | Nittetsu Mining Co., Ltd. | Gas processing method and gas processing apparatus utilizing oxidation catalyst and low-temperature plasma |
FR2864141B1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2007-08-24 | Renault Sas | ELECTROSTATIC FILTRATION SYSTEM FOR EXHAUST GASES OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
KR100603008B1 (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-07-24 | (주)네오포텍 | Apparatus for purifying diesel exhaust gas with coated photocatalyst layer and electrode, and manufacturing method thereof |
WO2006128711A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-07 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Method and device for decreasing the portion of particles in exhaust gases |
MD3574G2 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2008-11-30 | Государственный Университет Молд0 | Device for desooting the outspent gases and for abating the noise of the internal-combustion engine |
JP5335211B2 (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2013-11-06 | 株式会社 永光 | catalyst |
JP4564546B2 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2010-10-20 | 三井造船株式会社 | Equipment for removing particulate matter in diesel exhaust |
BRPI0801753A2 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2015-12-22 | José Vanderlei Taques | bioreactor catalyst for combustion engines |
EP2503122B1 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2014-10-08 | Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.à r.l. | Reagent dosing pump assembly |
KR101593153B1 (en) | 2013-12-18 | 2016-02-12 | 소리텔레콤(주) | Infrared light launch unit of dummy gun |
FR3058648A1 (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-18 | Universite De Poitiers | PROCESS FOR DECONTAMINATION OF A CARBON CONTAMINATED CATALYST |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB885582A (en) * | 1959-10-21 | 1961-12-28 | Cottrell Res Inc | Improvements in or relating to electrostatic precipitators |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2534907A (en) * | 1945-01-19 | 1950-12-19 | American Cyanamid Co | Process of purifying hydrocarbon liquids |
US2998308A (en) * | 1958-03-24 | 1961-08-29 | Joseph P Ruth | Gas treating apparatus |
US3180083A (en) * | 1961-06-05 | 1965-04-27 | Robert B Heller | Gas processing method and apparatus |
US3394067A (en) * | 1964-06-12 | 1968-07-23 | Petrolite Corp | Method and apparatus for unloading filters |
US3567619A (en) * | 1968-06-03 | 1971-03-02 | Us Army | Electrostatic coalescence means |
US4065544A (en) * | 1970-05-11 | 1977-12-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | Finely divided metal oxides and sintered objects therefrom |
US3928158A (en) * | 1973-05-22 | 1975-12-23 | Gulf Research Development Co | Electrofilter |
US3988113A (en) * | 1973-08-17 | 1976-10-26 | Roberts Arnold L | Apparatus for treating engine exhaust gases |
DE3708508A1 (en) * | 1987-03-16 | 1988-09-29 | Siemens Ag | Device and process for decreasing pollutants in combustion exhaust gases |
DE3723544A1 (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1989-01-26 | Man Technologie Gmbh | ELECTROSTATIC FILTER FOR CLEANING GASES |
US4954320A (en) * | 1988-04-22 | 1990-09-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Reactive bed plasma air purification |
DE68906508T2 (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1993-09-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | EXHAUST TREATMENT APPARATUS. |
FR2649117B1 (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1992-12-31 | Elf France | BITUMEN / POLYMER COMPOSITION HAVING A HIGH-TEMPERATURE STORAGE ADHESIVITY AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING SUCH A COMPOSITION |
DE4028720A1 (en) * | 1989-09-28 | 1991-04-11 | Interatom | Ceramic honeycomb body useful as catalyst in IC. engines - comprises materials of high electric constant and is fitted with microwave radiator |
CA2036854A1 (en) * | 1990-02-23 | 1991-08-24 | Masaaki Yonemura | Exhaust filter element and exhaust gas-treating apparatus |
US5041145A (en) * | 1990-05-15 | 1991-08-20 | Niles Parts Co., Ltd. | Bridged stream corona generator |
-
1993
- 1993-01-20 GB GB939301433A patent/GB9301433D0/en active Pending
- 1993-12-14 GB GB9325517A patent/GB2274412B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-15 US US08/166,937 patent/US5440876A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-15 DE DE69314928T patent/DE69314928T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-15 EP EP93310111A patent/EP0608619B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-01-18 NO NO940170A patent/NO305492B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-19 KR KR1019940000910A patent/KR100213592B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-01-20 JP JP6004525A patent/JP3056626B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB885582A (en) * | 1959-10-21 | 1961-12-28 | Cottrell Res Inc | Improvements in or relating to electrostatic precipitators |
Cited By (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5992141A (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1999-11-30 | Kleen Air Systems, Inc. | Ammonia injection in NOx control |
US5891409A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1999-04-06 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Pre-converted nitric oxide gas in catalytic reduction system |
US5711147A (en) * | 1996-08-19 | 1998-01-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Plasma-assisted catalytic reduction system |
US6517786B1 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 2003-02-11 | Institute Fuer Niedertemperatur-Plasmaphysik E. V. An Der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitaet Greifswald | Device and method for decomposing harmful substances contained in flue gas |
WO1999005400A1 (en) | 1997-07-23 | 1999-02-04 | Aea Technology Plc | Gas purification device |
WO1999012637A1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-18 | Aea Technology Plc | Substrate media for plasma gas processing reactors |
WO1999012638A1 (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-03-18 | Aea Technology Plc | Treatment of gaseous emissions |
US7067092B2 (en) | 1997-09-09 | 2006-06-27 | Accentus Plc | Treatment of gaseous emissions |
WO1999013973A1 (en) * | 1997-09-13 | 1999-03-25 | Aea Technology Plc | Reactor for processing gaseous media |
US6322758B1 (en) * | 1997-09-13 | 2001-11-27 | Accentus Plc | Reactor for processing gaseous media |
WO1999024149A1 (en) * | 1997-11-12 | 1999-05-20 | Aea Technology Plc | Plasma discharge gas processing reactors |
WO1999030807A1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 1999-06-24 | Aea Technology Plc | Plasma reactor for processing of gases and ferroelectric particles for use therein |
GB2332379A (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-06-23 | Aea Technology Plc | Gas purification |
WO1999038603A1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-05 | Aea Technology Plc | Plasma assisted processing of gas |
WO1999043419A1 (en) | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-02 | Aea Technology Plc | A component for gas treatment |
US6372188B1 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 2002-04-16 | Accentus Plc | Gas processing reactors |
WO1999047243A1 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-23 | Aea Technology Plc | Gas processing reactors |
US6557340B1 (en) | 1998-10-09 | 2003-05-06 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | System and method for purifying exhaust gases |
GB2346528A (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2000-08-09 | Aea Technology Plc | Power supply for processing of gaseous media |
WO2000043645A2 (en) | 1999-01-21 | 2000-07-27 | Accentus Plc | Power supply for processing of gaseous media |
WO2000043645A3 (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2002-10-03 | Accentus Plc | Power supply for processing of gaseous media |
WO2000043102A3 (en) * | 1999-01-23 | 2000-11-02 | Aea Technology Plc | Process and reactor for plasma assisted gas processing |
WO2000043102A2 (en) * | 1999-01-23 | 2000-07-27 | Accentus Plc | Process and reactor for plasma assisted gas processing |
WO2000049278A1 (en) | 1999-02-16 | 2000-08-24 | Accentus Plc | Reactor for plasma assisted gas processing |
WO2000050746A1 (en) | 1999-02-24 | 2000-08-31 | Accentus Plc | Vehicle power supply system |
US6833119B1 (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2004-12-21 | Accentus Plc | Vehicle power supply system |
WO2000078691A1 (en) * | 1999-06-22 | 2000-12-28 | Accentus Plc | Plasma assisted gas processing |
GB2351923A (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-17 | Perkins Engines Co Ltd | Self-cleaning particulate filter utilizing electric discharge currents |
US6660068B1 (en) | 1999-07-12 | 2003-12-09 | Perkins Engines Company Limited | Autoselective regenerating particulate filter |
US7144448B2 (en) | 1999-07-12 | 2006-12-05 | Perkins Engines Company Limited | Autoselective regenerating particulate filter |
US6479023B1 (en) | 1999-08-14 | 2002-11-12 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | System for converting particulate matter in gasoline engine exhaust gases |
WO2001030485A1 (en) | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-03 | Accentus Plc | Reactor for plasma treatment of gases |
WO2001059270A1 (en) | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-16 | Accentus Plc | Plasma assisted reactor |
US7011796B2 (en) | 2000-04-11 | 2006-03-14 | Accentus Plc | Plasma assisted catalytic treatment of gases |
US7163663B2 (en) | 2001-03-21 | 2007-01-16 | Accentus Plc | Reactor for plasma assisted treatment of gaseous |
FR2822893A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-04 | Renault | Processing of exhaust gas from internal combustion engine fitted with a particle filter, uses tubular sleeve to trap particles and periodically initiates combustion of these particles to regenerate filter |
US6893617B2 (en) | 2001-06-14 | 2005-05-17 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for retention of non-thermal plasma reactor |
US7078000B2 (en) | 2001-06-14 | 2006-07-18 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for mat protection of non-thermal plasma reactor |
US20100281856A1 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2010-11-11 | Yuji Sakakibara | Device for purification of exhaust gas |
US8484952B2 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2013-07-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Device for purification of exhaust gas |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69314928D1 (en) | 1997-12-04 |
NO305492B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 |
EP0608619B1 (en) | 1997-10-29 |
GB9325517D0 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
DE69314928T2 (en) | 1998-03-19 |
KR940018545A (en) | 1994-08-18 |
US5440876A (en) | 1995-08-15 |
GB2274412B (en) | 1996-05-22 |
JP3056626B2 (en) | 2000-06-26 |
GB9301433D0 (en) | 1993-03-17 |
NO940170D0 (en) | 1994-01-18 |
JPH06241019A (en) | 1994-08-30 |
KR100213592B1 (en) | 1999-08-02 |
EP0608619A1 (en) | 1994-08-03 |
NO940170L (en) | 1994-07-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5440876A (en) | Exhaust gas purification | |
CA2104675C (en) | Method and apparatus for treating diesel exhaust gas to remove fine particulate matter | |
US5746984A (en) | Exhaust system with emissions storage device and plasma reactor | |
US5085049A (en) | Diesel engine exhaust filtration system and method | |
US6557340B1 (en) | System and method for purifying exhaust gases | |
KR100760242B1 (en) | Device for treating a particle-land gaseous medium and a vehicle equipped with the same | |
US5251564A (en) | Combustion box exhaust filtration system and method | |
US6775972B2 (en) | Purification of exhaust gases | |
EP1051234B1 (en) | Plasma assisted processing of gas | |
Okubo et al. | Low-temperature soot incineration of diesel particulate filter using remote nonthermal plasma induced by a pulsed barrier discharge | |
US20020034461A1 (en) | Plasma assisted processing of gas | |
JP5474468B2 (en) | Exhaust gas purification device using plasma discharge | |
EP1039962B1 (en) | Plasma assisted gas processing with zirconia | |
US20040042940A1 (en) | Plasma reactor gas processing | |
KR200165483Y1 (en) | A particulate exclusion system | |
JPH08260944A (en) | Dpf burner regenerating device | |
JP2715629B2 (en) | Diesel exhaust gas purification equipment | |
KR100196318B1 (en) | Smoke reduction apparatus | |
KR100293626B1 (en) | Apparatus for purifying exhaust gas of diesel engine | |
GB2332379A (en) | Gas purification | |
CN108343489A (en) | A kind of diesel engine exhaust gas purification device and method | |
GB2370518A (en) | Plasma gas purification using a metal hydroxide | |
KR20010011654A (en) | a Particulate exclusion system | |
JP2003148129A (en) | Exhaust emission control device for internal combustion engine | |
JPH07332068A (en) | Exhaust emission control device of diesel engine |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20041214 |