GB2266943A - Fail-safe valve actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

A valve actuator has an electric motor 50 driving a nut 20 on a valve stem 18, via gear train 58-66 and a combined centrifugal clutch and torque-limiting device 56, to move the valve and compress spring 28. When a disc 36 on valve stem 18 abuts stationary shims 42, the torque limiting device disconnects motor shaft 54 from a drive shaft 57. The valve is held open against the closing force of the spring by a one-way clutch 100, which is locked by a pin (110, Fig 6) held in a groove (104) by a solenoid 106 against the action of a further spring. When power fails, the solenoid releases the pin and the valve returns to its fail-safe condition under the action of spring 26. The return motion of the valve and gear train is damped by means of a centrifugal brake (116, 118, Fig 6, 300, 302, Fig 14). The centrifugal clutch prevents the 36 torque limiter from operating under the high torque associated with starting of the motor. <IMAGE>

Description

2266943 FAIL SAFE VALVE ACTUATOR This invention relates generally to

electrically powered fail. safe valve actuators for use with valves -in which the. valve member is moved between open and closed positions -by, rPaciprocation. more particularly, in at least one nf its relates to improvements in actuators for gate valves in which the gate is moved bet.tjeen its alternate positions by a rising stein.

The actui.itor of this invention uses a low friction, reversible drive mechanism, inuch like that disclosed in United States Patent No. 4,691, 893, entitled "Fail Safe Gate Valves and Actuators Thereforly, which issued on September 8, 1987, and is assigned to the assignee of this application. The actuator described therein is powered by fluid pressure, i..e., fluid pressure moves.the valve stem in one direction to cither open or close the valve. This is the operating positIon. If I'luid pr'e, surd is lost, a coil spring moves the. valve stem in the other diredtion to its fail safe position. More particularly, the actuator 'E ' he includes a lieli.ctillv. grooved portion..o... t valve stem 2 which extends through a ball' nut to manually move the valve stem back to its operating position should that be desirable after a pressure failure.

-his The preferred embodiment of the actuator of tt. invention also employs a valve stem having a helical groove and a ball nut that engages the grooved section to move the valve stem to its operating position. The valve stem is moved by a coil spring to the other or fail safe position should there be a power fallure, which releases the holding device. However, the ball nut is rotated by an electric inotor, and the valve stein is held in operating position by a holding device which is released upon the loss of supply of electrical power to the motor.

There are problems, however, with this arrangement when, for example, the electric motor rotates the ball nut and moves the valve stem to its operating position. When the valve stem reaches that position, it hits a positive stop. A positive stop is preferred because it makes sure the valve stem stops at the preselected position every time. When it is so stopped, however, the electric motor could be damaged if the power is not turned off quickly. This is difficult to do at the same time and make sure the valve stem reaches the proper position each time.

Therefore, - it is an obj'ect of this invention to provide an actuator of this type in which the electric 4 3 motor may continue to rotate after the valve stem reaches the desired position.

it is a further object of this invention to provide such an actuator in which the output shaft of the motor is disconnected from the ball nut when the output torque of the electric motor reaches a preselected amount.

It is a still further object to provide alternative embodiments of a device for limiting torque on the output shaft of the motor which is of simple and inexpensive construction and which., when the motor is shut off, will automatically return to a position for limiting such torque upon subsequent movement of the valve member to its operative position.

Another problem with using an electric motor is tChe high starting torque produced by the motor. Such starting torque could trip the torque limiting device due to the inertia of the system. For this and other reasons, in one embodiment of this invention, a centrifugal clutch is positioned between the electric motor and the torque limiting device so that torque is transmitted to the torque limiting device only after the speed of the motor has increased and the output torque has decreased.

In one embodiment of this invention, the actuator holds a valve in its operating position by a solenoid operated detent. In another embodiment, the actuat(317 holds A 4 the valve in its operating position by a solenoid holding a wrap spring clutch engaged on a one-way clutch on the output shaft of the electric motor. In either event, if the valve is a rising stem type gate valve, the pressure of line fluid in the valve body acting over the crosssectional area of the stem, assisted by the spring that was compressed when the valve stem was moved by the ball nut to its operating position, will move the valve stem very rapidly in the opposite direction. The ball nut in and of itself offers little,' if any resistance, to this return movement of the valve stem. Therefore, the power train that transmits the torque from the electric motor to the ball nut is subjected to a tremendous amount of energy in a very short period of time.

Therefore, it is a further object and feature of this invention to provide an actuator of this type in which a large part of this energy is dissipated to retard the movement of the valve stem and thus protect the power train.

These and other objects, advantages, and features of this invention will be apparent to those skilled in 'the art from a consideration of this specification, including the attached drawings and appended claims.

In the Drawings:

Figure 1 is a side view partly in section and partly in elevation of one e.iiboclijiient of the actuator of this invention; Figure 2 is a sectional view through one embodiment of the torque limiting device and the centrifugal clutch with spring loaded detents of the torque limiting device shown in position to transmit; Figure 3 is a view of the clutch taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2; Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 2 with the torque limiting device in position to disconnect the electric motor from the output shaft connected to the ball nut; Figure 5 is a view of the torque limiting device taken along line 5-5 of Figure 4; Figure 6 is a top view of the centrifugal brake used in this embodiment to retard the movement of the valve stem back to its fail safe position and also showing the detent arrangement for holding the valve in operating position; Figure 7 is a view taken along line 7-7 of Figure 6; Figure 8 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation. of another embodiment of the actuator of this invention; Figure 9 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale of the upper portion of the actuator shown in Figure 8;, 6 Figure 10 is a sectional. view on an enlarged scale of the wrap spring clutch used to transmit torque f rom the motor to the ball nut and the apparatus for actuating the clutch; Figure 11 is a top view of the apparatus of Figure 10 with the top cover plate removed; Figure 12 is a sectional view taken along line 12-12 of Figure 10; Figure 13 is a sectional view taken along line 13-13 of Figure 9 showing a centrifugal brake used to slow the upward movement of the valve stem when the power is shut off; Figure 14 is a view of the centrifugal brake with the brake shoes in engagement with the brake drum; Figure 15 is a sectional view partly in elevation of an alternate embodiment of a torque limiting device; Figure 16 is a view taken along line 16-16 of Figure 15; Figure 17 is a sectional view of an assembly including a handwheel for manually operating the valve if the electric motor fails, with the handwheel shown disdhgaged.

Figure 18 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation of still another embodiment of a torque limiting device which may be used in either embodiment of the 7 actuatQr,. with the parts of the device in torque transmitting position; Figure 19 is a view similar to Figure 18, but with the device in a position to-disconnect the input shaft of the motor from the output shaft; Figure 20 is a crosssectional view of the device as seen along broken lines 20---20of Figure 18; and Figure 21 is a partial size view of the device, as seen from the broken lines 21---21of Figure 18.

In Figure 1, an embodiment of the actuator of this invention is shown mounted on valve body 10 by connecting it to stuffing box housing 12, which is bolted to the body. C-clamp 14 attaches actuator housing 16 to stuffing box housing 12. Valve -stem 18 extends through the stuffing box housing and has its lower portion 18a connected to valve member 20 for moving the valve member between open and closed positions as the valve stem is reciprocated. Upper portion 18b of the valve stein includes a screw with helical groove 19 to receive the balls in ball nut 20. Ball nut 20 is mounted for rotation in actuator housing 16 by tubular sleeve 22 that is connected to the top of the ballnut and is supported for rotation relative to the actuator housing by snap rings 23. Between shoulder 22a on the sleeve and annular flange.26a on the upper housing section.26 is thrust bearing 24 that transfers the upward thrust imposed 8 on the ball nut to upper housing section 26 of the actuator housing as the ball nut is rotated to move the.valve stem downwardly and compress spring 28. The spring is positioned between bottom plate 30 of the housing and spring ring 32 that rests on the top of the spring. Spring ring 32 supports inner sleeve 34 that transmits the downward force of the valve stem to the spring ring to compress the spring through disc 36 that is connected to the valve stem in the manner shown.

Although the actuator is shown to be a ball nut and helically grooved screw, as in the actuator of the prior patent, this invention contemplates that other low frIction, reversible drives may be used including those, for exmaple, having other helically grooved nuts which receive helically grooved screws but in which elements other than balls are in rolling engagement with the grooves. Also, of course, the screw may be supported for rotation in the body and the nut connected to the gate stem.

Stop means are provided to stop the downward travel of the valve stem when the valve reaches its operating position. In the embodiment shown, sleeve 40 is positioned on top of stuffing box housing 12 to engage disc 36 and stop the downward movement of the valve stem. Actually, shims 42 on top of the sleeve are the first to engage the 9 disc. Using the shims allows the distance traveled by the valve stem to be adjusted as required for the particular valve with which the actuator is being used.

In the actuator of.this invention, the ball nut is rotated by electric motor 50 mounted in an open section 52 of the housing 16. Output shaft 54 of the motor is connected to a centrifugal clutch and a torque- 1 imiting device both located in housing 56. Output shaft 57 of the torque-limiting device is connected to pinion 58 in the gear housing portion of the actuator housing. PLnion 58 drives gear 60, which rotates shaft 62 and pinion 64, which is in engagement with large diameter gear 66. This gear rotates tubular sleeve 22 and ball nut 20 and thus causes tle valve stem to move longitudinally to its operating position and to compress spring 28.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the centrifugal clutch and the torque-limiting device located in housing56.

Output shaft 54 of the electric motor is keyed to sleeve 70. Upper flange portion 71 of the sleeve is supported in housing 56 for rotation by bearings 72. Flange 56a at the bottom of housing 56, and sleeve, cooperate with the sidewall of the housing provide an annular space in which a plurality of clutch shoes 74 are located. As sleeve 70 is rotated by output shaft 54, it rotates'pins 76 located between the shoes, as shown in Figure 3, causing tlit& shoes 0 to rotate with the sleeve and, due to centrifugal force, be pressed against the wall of housing 56. When the centrifugal force is sufficient to provide enough friction to transmit torque without undue slippage between the shoes and the housing, housing 56 will rotate with output shaft 54.

The torque limiting device is in the upper portion of housing 56 which includes an upper wall 80 above the centrifugal clutch having a central opening 81 through which output shaft 57 extends. Located below wall 80 and attached to shaft 57 is circular plate 84, which is supported for rotation in the housing by bearing 85 supported on flange portion 71 and upper bearing 86.

The upper surface of plate 34 is provided with a series of indentations 88 to receive detents in the form of buttons 93 carried on the lower side of wall 80. A plurality of holes 90 extend through the body, each to raise a detent body 92 having a tapped countersunk opening in its lower surface to receive a detent button 93. The button has a threaded shank to connect to the tapped hole and a rounded head to engage the indentations. Thd"detent buttons are positioned in a circle around the central axis of the device to engage within indentations 88 on plate 84, as shown in Figure 2, where they are held by sprirgs 94 held down by a cover over the wall 80. we'n the centrifugal clutch is engaged and the motor is running, the housing 56 will rotate with disc 84 as long as the detents are in engagement with the indentations. As the torque increases, the lateral force between the detent buttons and the sloping wall of the indentations increases. When the valve stem stops moving, the detents will be forced laterally out of the indentations to disconnect the electric motor from output shaft 57.

It is an important feature of this invention that once the detents are moved out of engagement with the indentations, they stay out of engagement until such tIme as the electric motor is shut off, and then return automatically to engagement with the indentations when the motor is started to again inove the valve member to operative position. This is accomplished by mounting each body loosely within the hole 90 so that an upper outwardly extending flange 92a thereon having an upwardly and outwardly tapered bottom surface to move laterally over a tapered shoulder 90a on the upper end of the hole. The flanges are forced outwardly over the shoulders by centrifugal force when bodies are raised with the -detents as the detents move out of the indentations. centrifugal force will then hold the detents in the position shown in Figure 4 well above plate 84 until the centrifugal foyce is 12 removed at.which time they are free to drop back into the indentations.

As shown in Figures 1, 6, and 7, the means f or holding the valve stem in its aperating position includes roller clutch 100 mounted on output shaft 57. As shown in Figure 6, the roller clutch is attached to plate 102 which has a series of peripheral notches 104. When the electric motor is rotating to drive the ball nut, output shaft 57 will be free to rotate relative to roller clutch 100. Solenoid 3.06 is activated to continuously holds elongated strip 108 in the position shown in Figure -1 with locking pin 110 in engagement with one of the notches 104 in the periphery of plate 102. When the valve stem hits positive stop sleeve 40 and the torque limiting device disconnects the electri.c motor, the direction of rotation of shaft 57 will reverse - i.e., counter-clockwise c-is seen in Figure 6. With locking pin 110 in engagement with a notch in plate 102 holding the plate from rotating and roller clutch 100 holding the shaft from rotating, the valve stem is held in its operating position.

When power fails, plate" 108 is forced upwardly -by coil spring 114.and pin 110 is moved out of engagement with the notch. Shaft 57 will be rotated in the opposite direction by the upward travel of the valve stem afid roller clutch 100 will rotate with the shaft. In doing so, the"'roller clutch.will rotate pins 116 positioned between brake shoes 118 causing the brake shoes to rotate and to move outwardly into engagement with the inner wall of brake housing 120 due to centrifugal force. Engagement of the brake shoes with the brake housing, which is stationary, will dissipate a substantial portion of the energy and retard the movement of the valve stem to its fail safe position thereby preventing the rotation of the shaft of the electric motor at excessive speeds released by the spring that otherwise could damage the power train and the electric motor.

In operation, electric motor 50 rotates ball nut 20 through the centrifugal clutch and torque-limiting device so that the initial high torque output of the electric motor is not transmitted to the torquelimiting device until the electric motor gets up enough speed to engage the centrifugal clutch, at which time the torque outpit of the motor will have decreased to a level that can be tolerated by the torque-limiting device. When the valve stem has been moved to its operating position and is stopped by the engagement of disc 36 with the shims on top of sleeve 40, the electric motor will still be running. llowevbr, the sudden increase in torque will not be transmitted to the motor because the torque limiting device will disconnect the motor from the rest of the power train. Finally,, when power fails, rapid movement of the valve stem to its fail r 14 safe position by the energy stored in the spring and the pressure in the valve is dissipated to a substantial degree by a centrifugal brake.

Handwheel 130 shown in Figure 1 can be pushed downwardly against spring 132 into engagement with the upper end of shaft 62 to rotate the ball nut to move the valve stem to its operating position, if for some reason the electric motor is broken.

As in the embodiment above described. the actuator shown in Figures 8-17 is mounted on valve body 210 by connecting it to stuffing box housing 212 which is bolted to the body. C-clamp 214 attaches actuator housing 216 to stuffing box 212. Valve stem 218 extends through the stuffing box housing and has its lower portion 218a connected to a gate for moving the gate between open and closed positions as the valve stem is reciprocated. Upper portion 218b of the valve stem is provided with helical groove 219 that engages the balls in ball nut 229. Ball nut 220 is mounted for rotation in actuator housing 216 by tubular sleeve 222 that is connected to the top of the ball nut and is supported for rotation relative to the actuator housing by needle bearings 230. As will be described to follow. sleeve 222 also serves as a fly wheel in connection with a centrifugal brake.

Sleeve 222 has upwardly facing shoulder 222a and an inner plug 224 has downwardly facing shoulder 224a between which is located thrust bearing 226. Needle bearings 230 are located between the i - riner annular surface of lower plug member 224 and sleeve 222. Thrust bearing 226 resists or transfers the upward thrust of spring 228 to housing 216 through an upper plug 232. The spring 228 is positioned between bottom plate 231 of the housing and spring ring 233. spring ring includes a central cylindrical cavity, the bottom of which has openings through which a reduced diameter section of the stem is located so that the upward force of the spring 228 will be transmitted to the valve stem.

Means to stop the downward travel of the valve stem when the valve reaches its operating position is structurally the same as in the embodiment described above and includes sleeve 240 positioned on top of stuffing box housing 212 to limit the downward movement of the valve stein. Shims 242 on top of the sleeve for the purpose of adjusting the stroke as explained above.

Ball nut 220 is rotated by el.ectric motor 250having an output shaft 254 connected to torque limiting device 256, the structure and operation of which will be described later. output-shaft 257 of the torque limiting qevice rotates pinion 258 and extends through one-way clutch 259 r 16 which is in essence a roller bearing commonly called a sprague, clutch that will allow the shaft to rotate in one direction only. The upper end of shaft 257 is supported for rotation by bearing.260.

Pinion 258 rotates gear 262 which rotates shaft 263 and in turn pinion 264. Pinion 264 rotates gear 265 and outer drive sleeve 266. Inner drive sleeve 268 is supported on the outer and drive sleeve and extends downwardly through it. As best shown in Figure 9, the lower end of the inner drive sleeve has downwardly extending lugs 268a located 1800 apart which extend into slots 222b in the top of fly wheel sleeve 222. The upper end of inner drive sleeve 268 has a portion 268b having an outside diameter equal to the outside diameter portion of outer drive sleeve 266 both of which portions are surrounded by a wrap spring clutch 270.

When actuated. wrap spring clutch 270 causes the outer drive sleeve rotated by the electric motor to transmit torque to the inner drive sleeve and thus move the valve to its operating position. Thus, as best seen in Figures lo and 11, actuating disc 272 'Is mounted above the upper end of inner drive sleeve 268 by a guide sleeve 274 on actuating disc 272- which extends downwardly therefrom, into the open end of.inner drive sleeve. Slot'276 on one side of the disc receives tang 270A on the upper end 'Of wrap t 17 spring. 270. On the other side of disc 272 is located threaded member 278 that has a curved or hemispherically shaped end 278a that extelids into one of two slots 280 and 281 in the upper end of inner drive sleeve 268.

With the hemispherical end of threaded member 278 in engagement with groove 281, disc 272 will rotate with wrap spring 270 because of the engagement of tang 270a with slot 276. The spring is arranged so that rotation of the disc will cause the spring to tighten its grip on the outer surfaces of inner and outer drive sleeves and thus transmit torque from the outer drive sleeve to the inner drive sleeve which in turn will rotate member 222 and ball nut 220 and move the valve to its operating position, at which time electric motor 250 may be turned off.

At this point, spring 228 will be continuing to exert an upward force on the valve stem. However.. as long as disc 272 remains in the position shown in Figures 8, 9, and 10, the valve will remain in its operating position. The upward force will create a torque that is transmitted back to gear 265 and from that gear back to pinion 258. Nothing will rotate, however, because sprin.g clutch 259 wilf resist any rotation of shaft 257 in the direction that the spring force will want to rotate this shaft.

Disc 272 is moved to its lower position shown in Figure 10 to engage the end of the wrap spring by means of C 18 solenoid 282. The armature 282A of the solenoid is connected to one corner of one side of a plate 284 by pin 288, and the opposite corner of the one side of the plate is connected by pin 228A to the upper end of stub shaft 287. The stub shaft extends through the top wall of the housing to connect by pins 290 to a hole in the upper end of disc 272, whereby the disc is raised or lowered with the plate. The plate pivots about pins 286 connecting its corner on its upper side to the housing. Coil spring 292 urges plate 284 upwardly to pivot around hinge pin 287A and move stub shaft 287 upwardly to lift disc 272 to a position where pin 278A is above the upper end of the inner drive sleeve 268. In this position, the disc, even though still in engagement with tang 270A will not actuate the wrap spring clutch. When the solenoid is energized, however, it will lower plate 284 to move the disc to the position shown in Figure 10 whereby the clutch will move the valve to its operating position by the electric motor.

Deenergizing solenoid allows the disc to be moved upwardly to permit the inner sleeve 268 to rotate. When that happens, the valve stem is free to move upwardly through the ball nut, which offers very little resistance. As in the first embodiment, however, a centrifugal brake is provided in this embodiment to dissipate the enercly and thus slow down the upward movement of the valve stem.

c 19 Thus,. as shown in Figures 13 and 14, the brake includes a plurality of pins 300 that mount brake shoes 302 around the outer periphery of fly wheel member 222. The shoes are attached to t-he pins by spring wires 304 that extend within holes in the outer ends of the pins and span cavities 306 in the shoes. In operation, the spring forces the valve stem through ball nut 220, fly wheel 222 is rotated to cause brake shoes 302 to move outwardly into engagement with brake housing 308 due to centrifugal force against the holding action of wire springs 304. As best shown in Figures 8 and 9, bra)cb housing 308 is disposed W'thin upper plug 232 an -L d includes slots 310 into which tang 31.4 of a wrap spring clutch 312 extends, whereby the housing moves with the brake slices to cause the spring to wrap tightly against the outer surface of inner plug 224 and annular member 226 to therefore act as a brake and slow the speed of rotation of the fly wheel 222.

The construction of torque limiting device 256 is shown in Figures 15 and 16 and includes hub 330 having opening 232 to receive output shaft 254 from the electric motor. Set screw 356 holds the hub from ' moving longitudinally in opening 332 and key 358 ensures that the hub and the output shaft rotate together. Output shaft 257 includes a cylindrical section 362 of reduced dimeter supported for rotation by bearings 364 mounted wih'in the 4 hub as. well as further reduced diameter sections 368 and 360. which are also cylindrical but eccentric to the axis of the upper end of the shaft. The lowermost section 360 is surrounded by bearing 366 mounted within the hub, and bearing 372 surrounds and is mounted on the intermediate section. A ring 370 surrounds and is supported by bearing 372 opposite the inner end of a follower pin 374 which extends through a hole in the outer wall of hub 330 and is held in engagement with the outer surface of ring 370 by C-shaped spring 376 which is mounted above the hub. The spring is designed to hold ring 370 from rotating relative to hub 330 and thus rotate the output shaft with the hub on the input shaft until such time as the torque is sufficient to force pin 374 outwardly against the resistance of C-shaped spring 376 with sufficient force to spread the spring and thus allow the hub to rotate past the throw of the eccentrically mounted ring and continue to do so as long as the torque remains sufficiently high.

Thus! up6n start up of the motor -to move the valve member to its operating position, the hub 330 and spring 376 will rotate with the output shaft 254 in a clockwise direction, as shown in Figure 16, until the pin reaches a point opposite the ring 370 on the output shaft in which it is so tightly engaged at both ends as torotate the. ring with the hub. llowever, when the valve member is stopped at 21 its operating position, the resulting torque will overcome this f orce and thus push the pin outwardly to expand the spring in order to permit the maximum throw of the eccentric to move past. the pin and thus disconnect the motor.

If for some reason the electric motor 250 is not operating, and it is necessary to manually move the valve member to operating position, solenoid 282 will need to actuate wrap spring clutch 270. Alternatively, if the solenoid is not operating, it will be necessary to move the top plate from the housing and manually move disc 272 (Fig. 8) downwardly to engage the clutch.

At the same time, the handwheel 480 shown in Figures 17 and 1.7A may be moved to a position for rotatably engaging shaft- 263 on pinion 264. Thus, the handwheel is connected by a pin 484 to a stem 482 which is mounted by ball bearings 492 for rota.tion within a housing 494 on the top of the actuator in axial alignment with the shaft 263. A tongue 486 on the lower end of the stem is normally held above a groove 488 on the supper end of the shaft by a coil spring 490. However, when the handwheel is'forced downwardly against the spring, the tongue engages in the groove to permit the shaft 263 to be rotated by the handwheel, and thus rotate the pinion 264'and gear 285 to rotate drive sleeve 266 and thus the ball nut. bnce in f 22 operating position, the valve member will be held in that position by sprague clutch 259 as long as the wrap spring clutch is actuated so that torque is transmitted between the inner and outer drive sleeve.

The housing 494 comprises an upper section 494A pinned to the stem and vertically shiftable with respect to a lower section 494B mounted on the actuator. The stem 482 is normally held in its upper, disengaged position by means of a disc 493 which has a hole which surrounds the stem and extends between the housing sections for shifting between the positions of Figures 1.7 and 17A. When in the position of Figure 17, the disc holds thesection 494A in its upper position to hold the stem disengaged. llowever, when the disc is shifted to the left. as shown in Figure 17A, a recess 493A in its lower side is above the upper end of housing 494B to permit the stem to be lowered to its engaged position.

ts position locking out The disc is normally held in it the stem by means of a spring 496 between one side of the hole in the disc and a hole in the side of the stem. Thus, in order to engage the stem, it is necessary to g'rip and force the disc to the left and then push the handwheel down. Thus, upon release of the disc and the handwheel, the handwheel is automatically raised by' spring 490 and then locked out by the disc. This then preveihs the 23 handwheel from being either inadvertently engaged or left in engagement.

The torque limiting device shown in Figs. 18 to 21 comprises first, second-and third bodies 501, 502 and 503 arranged coaxially of one another and adapted for relative rotation with respect to one.another. The first body 501 has a socket 501A therein to permit it to be releasably connected to an input shaft IS, which may be the output shaft of the electric motor, and the body 503 has a groove 503A in its upper end to permit it to be releasably connected to an output shaft (not shown) which in turn may be connected to a gear train for rotating the ball nut and 41--1..xus moving the valve member to operating position.

The second body 502 has an opening 504 through it adapted to fit closely over an upper reduced diameter extension 505 of the first housing with a shoulder about its lower end supported on the upper end of the first body and reduced portion of its lower end fitting within the open upper end of the first body. A lower reduced diameter portion 506 of the third body 503 is supported on the upper end of the second body, and a further reduced dlameter portion 507 on the upper end of the f irst body 501 is surrounded by ball bearings 508 which are held between the upper ends of the second housing 502 and the riduced 24 portion 505 of the first body and the upper end of a recess 509 in the lower end of the third body 503.

A reduced diameter portion 510 at the upper end of the second body 502 forms a-smooth continuation of the reduced diameter portion 506 at the lower end of the third body 503. A wrap spring clutch 511 is disposed closely about such port ions with its upper free end held within a hole 512 in the side of the reduced portion, and the lower free end of the spring is disposed just above slot 513 formed in the side of the lower end of the second member 502 and thus above one side of the enlarged diameter pcrtion of the -,first body Sol.

The lower end of the wrap spring is adapted to be held by means of A key 515 which is pivotally mounted in the slot by means of a pin 516 extending through the second body, as best shown in Figure 20, for movement between the positions of Figures 18 and 19. When the key is in the position of Figure 18, it engages the lower end of the wrap spring clutch so that rotation of the second body 502 in one directional sense will tighten the wrap spring clutch about the outer diameter portions of the second an. d third bodies to cause them to rotate with one another.

Alternatively, when the key is moved to its position of Figure 19, it releases the lower end of the wrap spring clutch to permit the clutch to expand and thus permit the third body.to rotate with respect to the second body. The key is caused to move between its alternate positions in a manner to be described to follow.

The second body 502, is caused to rotate with the f irst body by means of a relatively heavy coil spring 520 which is received within an annular space 521 within the f irst body and adapted to engage at its opposite ends with a shoulder 522 formed on the first body and a shoulder 523 formed on the lower side of the second body. More particularly, the spring is wound in a direction which resists exDansion as the first body 501 is rota4.-.ed clockwise with respect to the second body as viewed from the lower end of the device. Despite its strength, however, the spring will. yield and thus expand to permit relative rotation of the two bodies with respect to one another when the second body encounters a predetermined amount of torque tending to rotate it in a counterclockwise direction.

As the coil spring expands, and the first body 501 begins to rotate with respect to the second body 502, the outer end of key 515 will rotate into a position in which it will engage a cam surface 520 on an upper edge of the first body to swing the key to its releasing position shown in Fig. 19. As previously mentioned' when the ey is moved to this position, it releases the lower end' Cof the 26 wrap spring clutch 511, which in turn permits the second and third bodies to rotate relatively with respect to one another.

Thus, when the motor is started to rotate the input shaft IS, and thus the first body 501, the coil spring 520 will initially rotate the second body from the position of Figure 2 to move the key S15 into position to hold the end of the wrap spring clutch. Continued rotation of the second body wJ.11 thus rotate the second body with respect to the third body to tighten the wrap spring clutch and rotate the third body with the second body, and thereby rotate the ball nut to start moving the valve member to its operating position.

When the valve member is moved to its operating position, and engages a stop to prevent further downward movement, the greatly increased torque transmitted back to the body 503 and -'thus to the body 502 will loosen the wrap spring 510 sufficiently to permit the cam 520 to inove the key 515 to the releasing position of Fig. 19,. thus permitting the body 503 to rotate with respect to the second body 502 which disconnects the body SC-1 from rotation with the high torque transmitting body 503.

The key is normally urged toward its holding position of Fig. 18 by means of a torsion spring 525 held at its opposite ends between the key and the slot in the"second 9 27 body. The pivot axis of the pin 516 is disposed to the left of the center of gravity CG of the key such that the center of gravity moves to a position below the level of the pivot axis when the key is cammed to its releasing position of Figure 19. llence, even though the second body continues to rotate with the first body, such that the cam 520 is moved out from under the outer end of the key 515, the centrifugal force on the key during rotation of the second -body will maintain it in its releasing position. When, however, the motor is shut off to stop rotation of the first body 501, and. thus the second body 502, the key will be returned by spring 525 to the position shown in Fig. 3.8 at which time it rests on the upper edge of the first body to the side of the can surface 520 to hold it in position to hold the lower end of the spring.

The first body comprises an outer tubular section 526 which surrounds the upper end of an inner section 527 to form the space 521 to receive the coil spring. The cam surf ace is f ormed on the upper edge of the outer body sectionf and the shoulder 522 is formed on a lower flange of the inner section which supports the lower endof the spring. The first body sections are releasably held in a desired rotative position with respect to one another by means of a set screw 530. so that the angular positon of the sections may be adjusted to control location of the cam r 28 520 with respect to the key 515 and thus the degree to which the coil spring will resist torque before releasing the wrap spring clutch. obviously, increasing the space between the cam surface and key increases the amount of torque necessary to move the cam to a releasing position.

29

Claims (6)

CLAIMS:

1. An actuator for a valve having a body and a closure member movable between alternate positions within the body, comprising a housing for mounting on the valve body, a reversible drive mechanism comprising a first drive part supported for rotation in the housing and a second drive part engageable with the first drive part, and connectible to the closure member for moving it to one of its positions upon rotation of the first part in one direction, an electric motor having a rotary shaft, clutch means for rotating first drive part in said one direction in response to rotation of the motor shaft but enabling said first drive part to rotate in the opposite direction without rotating the motor shaft, means yieldably urging the second drive part in a direction to move the closure member to its other position, and means for-preventing said first drive part from rotating in said opposite direction and thus holding the closure member in its one posiLtion, means for releasing said rotation preventing means to permit said closure member to be moved by said urging means to its other position in response to loss of the supply of electrical power to said motor.

2. An actuator of the character defined in Claim 1, including means for reducing the speed of the motor shaft which is transmi.tted to the first drive part including a gear train connected between said motor shaft and said rotation preventing means.

3. An actuator of the character defined in Claim 1, wherein said speed reducing means is connected between the clutch means and said first drive part.

4. An actuator of the character defined in claim 1, wherein the clutch means includes means which is responsive to centrifugal force so as to connect the motor shaft to said first drive part only when the motor shaft attains a given speed.

5. An actuator of the character defined in Claim 1, wherein said rotation preventing means comprises a first member having a first cylindrical surface which is rotatable with the first drive part, a second member having a second cylindrical surface aligned with the first cylindrical surface of the first member and rotatable in response to the rotation of motor shaft, a wrap spring surrounding the first and second cylindrical surfaces with one end connected to the second member, and stop means engageable with the other end for causing the spring to be wrapped tightly about the surfaces to rotate the first member with the second member, and said releasing means comprises means for removing said stop means to permit the spring to expand and thu!E permit said first member to rotate relative to said second member.

6. An actuator of the character defined in Claim 1, wherein one of said drive parts is a nut having helical grooves therein, 31 the other drive part is a screw having helical grooves thereabout and extending through the nut, and anti-friction elements are disposed between them for rolling within the helical grooves of both.