GB2265793A - Bandwidth allocation on DPNSS networks - Google Patents

Bandwidth allocation on DPNSS networks Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2265793A
GB2265793A GB9306505A GB9306505A GB2265793A GB 2265793 A GB2265793 A GB 2265793A GB 9306505 A GB9306505 A GB 9306505A GB 9306505 A GB9306505 A GB 9306505A GB 2265793 A GB2265793 A GB 2265793A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
trunk
tac
access
trunk groups
bandwidth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9306505A
Other versions
GB2265793B (en
GB9306505D0 (en
Inventor
Graham Beniston
Ian Gerard Maffett
James Martin Mcgarrity
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GPT Ltd
Plessey Telecommunications Ltd
Original Assignee
GPT Ltd
Plessey Telecommunications Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB929207101A external-priority patent/GB9207101D0/en
Application filed by GPT Ltd, Plessey Telecommunications Ltd filed Critical GPT Ltd
Priority to GB9306505A priority Critical patent/GB2265793B/en
Publication of GB9306505D0 publication Critical patent/GB9306505D0/en
Publication of GB2265793A publication Critical patent/GB2265793A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2265793B publication Critical patent/GB2265793B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q3/00Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/0016Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
    • H04Q3/0062Provisions for network management
    • H04Q3/0066Bandwidth allocation or management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/04Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/1307Call setup
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13141Hunting for free outlet, circuit or channel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13164Traffic (registration, measurement,...)
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13166Fault prevention
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13174Data transmission, file transfer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13176Common channel signaling, CCS7
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13251Restricted service, class of service
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13332Broadband, CATV, dynamic bandwidth allocation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13337Picturephone, videotelephony
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13353Routing table, map memory
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13384Inter-PBX traffic, PBX networks, e.g. corporate networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13523Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems bandwidth management, e.g. capacity management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q3/00Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/64Distributing or queueing
    • H04Q3/66Traffic distributors

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Abstract

A DPNSS (Digital Private Network Signalling System) link between two switching nodes comprises a number of trunk lines. These are grouped into trunk groups. Trunk Access Class (TAC) is a code used to differentiate different classes of traffic. In the switching nodes, a table exists which defines to which trunk groups access is allowed or barred by TAC. This means that bandwidth (or trunks) in the DPNSS link can be allocated by class of traffic. The present application relates to the dynamic allocation of bandwidth using the above technique. The grouping of trunks into trunk groups and the table which allows or bars access to trunk groups by TAC may be altered from time to time in the switching nodes at each end of the link by management command, to vary the allocation of bandwidth between classes of traffic in the DPNSS link. <IMAGE>

Description

BANDWIDTH ALLOCATION ON DPNSS NETWORKS The need for an intelligent private/public interface manager in a telecommunications system is continually increasing.
The real impact of advanced message-based signalling systems on telecommunications networks, and subsequently on all users and system vendors, is only now becoming comprehensible.
The purpose of a Network Services Manager (NSM) is to enable a corporate telecoms manager to use his network as a strategic resource. The NSM will enable him to operate his network more effectively and efficiently, and allow the intelligent use of new public services as they materialize.
Typically, the key features of an NSM are bandwidth management, intelligent routing, service management and public network interfacing, applied to wideband traffic (up to 2 Mbit/s channels) in the first instance.
The key components of an NSM will be a Network Services Switch (NSS) - a DPNSS based switch/crossconnect, and the Network Services Management Centre (NSMC).
One of the main services which may be offered by an NSM is intelligent routing. The NSMC typically will have an overview of the type of traffic (voice, video, data), the network topology, the network loading and the network facilities. It is thus able to make decisions about routing strategy in the network. Other components in the network can make decisions about routing in their own sub-networks - e.g. LAN routers in the data sub-network, iSPBXs in the voice sub-network, but only the NSM has the full picture to make the global decisions and influence the workings of the sub-networks.
Routing in the NSM would take place in the NSS. Routing in iSDX networks involves preferred outgoing link capacity checking at the originating and each intermediate node before the destination.
This method tends to fill links to capacity, as alternatives are only tried when congestion is encountered. Links are segmented by Trunk Group and some are reserved for incoming only or outgoing only, to prevent either predominating excessively.
If the network is used for calls of all the same type/class, as in standard iSDX networks, then the above scheme works well. However, in the NSM scenario, it is required to distinguish between voice, data, video, and other special traffic categories (e.g. breakout, compressed voice etc.) by type/class. These have different characteristics of call hold time, BHCA, bandwidth required etc., so further optimization could occur. This is achieved by the simple process of allocating traffic characterised by long call holding times and high bandwidth requirement to the shortest route and to the private network.
To accommodate the varying demand for network bandwidth, the NSM should try to spread traffic evenly through the network so that bandwidth is available to any node that might require to increase its data bandwidth to its limit. This could be described as load balancing, and to achieve it, the NSM needs to influence the routing through the network.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of allocating circuits between switching nodes in a telecommunications system comprising the steps of : (i) allocating each circuit between a pair of nodes to a specific Trunk Group having an Access Code; (ii) allocating one or more Trunk Groups to a Trunk Access Class (TAC), each TAC being associated with at least one call initiator and restricted to one class of service; (iii) dividing the time into bands each of which is allocated to a Zone number; (iv) creating Route Restriction Tables for controlling access to Trunk Groups, whereby for each Zone, access to Trunk Groups by a call initiator is restricted to those having a non-barred TAC associated therewith.
There is further provided a method as above, including provision for amending the Trunk Groups, the TACs and the Route Restriction Tables throughout the network simultaneously by creating an additional time band and an additional Zone to which the additional time band is allocated, whereby the allocation of the circuits may be amended at the commencement of the additional time band.
The present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of a typical bandwidth reservation pattern created when using the present invention; Figure 2 shows a diagrammatic representation of Day/Time/Zone tables for use with the present invention; Figure 3 shows typical Route Restriction Tables for use with the present invention.
A DPNSS (Digital Private Network Signalling System) link between two switching nodes comprises a number of circuits. These are grouped into trunk groups. Trunk Access Class (TAC) is a code used to differentiate different classes of traffic. In the switching nodes, a table exists which defines to which trunk groups access is allowed or barred by TAC. This means that bandwidth (or trunks) in the DPNSS link can be allocated by class of traffic.
The present application relates to the dynamic allocation of bandwidth using the above technique. The grouping of trunks into trunk groups and the table which allows or bars access to trunk groups by TAC may be altered from time to time in the switching nodes at each end of the link by management command, to vary the allocation of bandwidth between classes of traffic in the DPNSS link.
The actual bandwidth used by different classes of traffic will vary from zero up to the allocated bandwidth depending on load.
Changing the tables in the switching nodes do not affect existing calls, only new calls set up after the change.
A Trunk Group is defined as a collection of circuits on a link or a set of links to the same destination which have a single identifier. Each circuit may only be in one Trunk Group.
The TAC is a code that is sent in the DPNSS signalling information carried with the dialled number and is used to determine if a call can be established using a particular Trunk Group at the given time. A given TAC may be allowed to access a number of Trunk Groups, and similarly, a Trunk Group may be used by calls with a number of different TACs. This access is set up in tables in the switching nodes. TACs are associated with the call initiator (the telephone extension for example) on a DPNSS PABX and are valid throughout the private DPNSS network.
In DPNSS switching nodes, time is divided into bands common to all days of the week. For each particular day of the week a Zone number is associated with each band. Different bands may have different (or the same) Zone numbers. A special field associated with each time band is for the Zone number to use on exceptional days like Public Holidays. The time bands may be altered but the maximum number is fixed at installation. The Zone number for a time band on a particular day may be altered by management command. It is also possible to temporarily override a Zone number during a given time band replacing it with another Zone number. Zone numbers provide a way of labelling a time band and connecting it to other tables.
A Route Restriction Table is a table (or set of tables one per Zone) for controlling access to Trunk Groups. For each Zone, access to the various Trunk Groups is limited to those having particular TACs. This means that routes or Trunk Groups may be restricted for use by certain classes of traffic.
Examples of Day/Time/Zone and Route Restriction Tables are shown in Figures 2 and 3 respectively.
An Access Code is a number used to identify a number of Trunk Groups (usually going to the same destination). Each Trunk Group may only have one Access Code.
Bandwidth allocation may be carried out by the following method; each route to a given destination can be broken down into Trunk Groups with the same Access Code. Each call made with the Access Code has an associated TAC. The TAC may be used to determine if a connection should be allowed to use a particular Trunk Group within that set referenced by the Access Code by using the route restriction tables. By allocating one set of TACs to, for example, data calls and the rest to voice it is possible to allocate Trunk Groups to either data or voice calls. This would divide the bandwidth between data and voice calls in a proportion determined by a management system.
By altering the number of circuits in the trunk groups or altering the route restriction table it is possible to change the bandwidth allocated to different classes of traffic. This would need to be done at the switching nodes at both ends of the link.
For dynamic bandwidth allocation on a link, the route restriction table and the table which groups trunks into trunk groups will need to be changed dynamically in the switching nodes at both ends of the link. This is achieved as follows; The new tables are set up in a spare non active Zone in each node, for example by copying the current tables to the tables in the non active Time Zone and then making the changes required. The switching nodes at each end of the link are then instructed to use the new Zone, thus bringing into action the new set of tables.
Taking a simple scenario as illustrated in Figure 1 where there is a link of 11 trunks, some voice calls and one variable bandwidth data call and a video call is to be set-up. The 11 channels in a link are shown with the data call filling from the top down and voice calls filling from the bottom up. Time progresses from left to right.
Initially, there are three trunk groups as shown in the trunk group table: one for data only (circuits 1, 2, 3 and 4), one for voice (circuits 8, 9, 10 and 11), and one for both (circuits 5, 6 and 7). The trunk groups are chosen so that the single service trunk groups are used in preference to the common trunk group. In this state, as can be seen in the diagram, voice and data contend for the common trunk group, but do not use the other's reserved trunk group even when there is spare bandwidth there.
Trunk Group Table Trunk Group Circuits 1 1, 2, 3, 4 2 8, 9, 10, 11 3 5, 6, 7 It should be noted that similar trunk groups must be set up at both ends of the link although the numbering of the groups may be different at each end as the number is a local matter to the switch.
The TACs are allocated as shown in the following TAC allocation table. Voice has a number of different TACs for different priority users as would be expected in a real system. Data and video could also have number of TACs.
Allocation Table Traffic Class TAC Voice TAC 1 Voice TAC 2 Voice TAC 3 Voice TAC 4 Data TAC 20 Video TAC 30 The route restriction table below shows that voice will use trunk group 2 and overflow into grunk group 3, data will use trunk group 1 and also overflow into trunk group 3 and video has no access.
Route Restriction Table TAC 30 N N N 20 Y N Y 4 N Y Y 3 N Y Y 2 N Y Y 1 N V Y 1 2 3 Trunk Group Then a 6 channel video call is booked. It is decided that to fit the 6 channels in, the voice trunk group will be reduced to 3 channels, the data trunk group to 2 channels and the common trunk group to zero. A new trunk group 4 for the video using channels 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 is created. The trunk group table is now: Trunk Group Table Trunk Group Circuits 1 1, 2 2 9, 10, 11 3 none 4 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Changing the trunk groups has no effect on existing calls and as data calls are likely to be of long duration, they need to be stopped. The equipment that has set up this data call is instructed to reduce its bandwidth to 2 channels. This happens fairly immediately as can be seen in the diagram.The voice calls are allowed to continue as normal, so time elapses until these terminate on their own accord. Any new voice call that is set up will use the voice trunk group.
Eventually the video trunk group empties so the video call can be set up. To allow this the route restriction table is changed as below: Route Restriction Table TAC 30 N N N Y 20 Y N Y N 4 N Y Y N 3 N Y Y N 2 N Y Y N 1 N Y Y N 1 2 3 4 Trunk Group The video sets up an initial call to the other end, exchanges control information, then sets up the rest of the channels.
When the video call terminates, the trunk groups are returned to the initial state.
The scenario above and the diagram are slightly artificial in its depiction of what happens in the sense that once a voice call is set up on a channel it stays on that channel until it terminates.
The diagram implies that existing calls fall back from the common to the voice trunk group when a channel is available there. This is statistically true with a reasonable number of channels and call duration. In a real scenario, more than the required bandwidth would be allocated to the video trunk group, as it is expected that some voice calls that were occupying the required channels would terminate and some would continue (no new calls would be set up). Traffic patterns need to be examined to determine how many extra channels should be allocated to achieve the required bandwidth.

Claims (4)

1. A method of allocating circuits between switching nodes in a telecommunications system comprising the steps of: (i) allocating each circuit between a pair of nodes to a specific Trunk Group having an Access Code; (ii) allocating one or more Trunk Groups to a Trunk Access Class (TAC), each TAC being associated with at least one call initiator and restricted to one class of service; (iii) dividing the time into bands each of which is allocated td a Zone number; (iv) creating Route Restriction Tables for controlling access to Trunk Groups, whereby for each Zone, access to Trunk Groups by a call initiator is restricted to those having a non-barred TAC associated therewith.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, including provision for amending the Trunk Groups, the TACs and the Route Restriction Tables throughout the network simultaneously by creating an additional time band and an additional Zone to which the additional time band is allocated, whereby the allocation of the circuits may be amended at the commencement of the additional time band.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 2, further including provision for carrying out any reduction in the number of circuits available for data traffic at the commencement of the additional time band and carrying out any reduction of the number of circuits available for voice traffic when the respective voice call is normally terminated.
4. A method as claimed in Claim 1, and substantially as hereinbefore described.
GB9306505A 1992-04-01 1993-03-29 Bandwidth allocation on DPNSS networks Expired - Fee Related GB2265793B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9306505A GB2265793B (en) 1992-04-01 1993-03-29 Bandwidth allocation on DPNSS networks

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB929207101A GB9207101D0 (en) 1992-04-01 1992-04-01 Bandwith allocation on dpnss networks
GB9306505A GB2265793B (en) 1992-04-01 1993-03-29 Bandwidth allocation on DPNSS networks

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9306505D0 GB9306505D0 (en) 1993-05-19
GB2265793A true GB2265793A (en) 1993-10-06
GB2265793B GB2265793B (en) 1995-12-20

Family

ID=26300622

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9306505A Expired - Fee Related GB2265793B (en) 1992-04-01 1993-03-29 Bandwidth allocation on DPNSS networks

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2265793B (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2288708A (en) * 1994-04-12 1995-10-25 Siemens Ag Communication system
GB2311910A (en) * 1996-04-03 1997-10-08 Motorola Ltd Channel/Bandwidth Assignment in a Communication System
GB2314997A (en) * 1996-07-01 1998-01-14 Motorola Inc Multi-mode variable bandwidth repeater switch and method therefor
GB2322509A (en) * 1997-02-21 1998-08-26 Motorola Ltd Communication system
GB2326307A (en) * 1997-04-18 1998-12-16 Rolm Systems Utilising communications lines
GB2332602A (en) * 1997-12-22 1999-06-23 Lsi Logic Corp Multi-directional communication systems
WO1999044335A2 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-02 Seiko Epson Corporation Predictive bandwidth allocation method and apparatus
GB2338151A (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-08 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Provision of a Supplementary Communications Service in a Cellular System
US6735194B1 (en) * 1999-05-11 2004-05-11 Mitel Corporation Digital private signaling system over internet protocol

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0405830A2 (en) * 1989-06-30 1991-01-02 AT&T Corp. Fully shared communications network

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0405830A2 (en) * 1989-06-30 1991-01-02 AT&T Corp. Fully shared communications network

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2288708B (en) * 1994-04-12 1998-11-18 Siemens Ag Communication system
GB2288708A (en) * 1994-04-12 1995-10-25 Siemens Ag Communication system
GB2311910B (en) * 1996-04-03 2000-07-12 Motorola Ltd Communication system
GB2311910A (en) * 1996-04-03 1997-10-08 Motorola Ltd Channel/Bandwidth Assignment in a Communication System
GB2314997B (en) * 1996-07-01 2000-05-10 Motorola Inc Multi-mode variable bandwidth repeater switch and method therefor
GB2314997A (en) * 1996-07-01 1998-01-14 Motorola Inc Multi-mode variable bandwidth repeater switch and method therefor
GB2322509A (en) * 1997-02-21 1998-08-26 Motorola Ltd Communication system
GB2322509B (en) * 1997-02-21 2001-09-12 Motorola Ltd Communication system and method for transmitting information
GB2326307A (en) * 1997-04-18 1998-12-16 Rolm Systems Utilising communications lines
GB2326307B (en) * 1997-04-18 2001-11-28 Siemens Business Comm Systems Method and system for utilizing communications lines
GB2332602A (en) * 1997-12-22 1999-06-23 Lsi Logic Corp Multi-directional communication systems
GB2332602B (en) * 1997-12-22 2000-03-08 Lsi Logic Corp Improvements relating to multidirectional communication systems
US6542460B1 (en) 1997-12-22 2003-04-01 Lsi Logic Corporation Relating to multidirectional communication systems
WO1999044335A3 (en) * 1998-02-27 2000-01-20 Seiko Epson Corp Predictive bandwidth allocation method and apparatus
WO1999044335A2 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-02 Seiko Epson Corporation Predictive bandwidth allocation method and apparatus
GB2338151B (en) * 1998-06-05 2001-03-21 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Complemental service providing device and method in communications system
GB2338151A (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-08 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Provision of a Supplementary Communications Service in a Cellular System
US6735194B1 (en) * 1999-05-11 2004-05-11 Mitel Corporation Digital private signaling system over internet protocol

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2265793B (en) 1995-12-20
GB9306505D0 (en) 1993-05-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5809129A (en) Resource separation in a call and connection separated network
EP0535857B1 (en) Communications network class-of-service routing
US5570410A (en) Dynamic resource allocation process for a service control point in an advanced intelligent network system
US5463686A (en) Communication routing method with income optimization for telecommunication networks
EP0400879B1 (en) Dynamic shared facility system for private networks
US5130982A (en) Fully shared communications network
US5537469A (en) Bandwidth allocation of DPNSS networks
US6343122B1 (en) Method and apparatus for routing traffic in a circuit-switched network
JPH04223646A (en) Real time network route allocation
US5262906A (en) Message routing for SONET telecommunications maintenance network
US6487289B1 (en) Managing priorities for routing calls in a telecommunication network
Wong et al. Maximum Free Circuit Routing in Circuit-Switched Networks.
US6151315A (en) Method and apparatus for achieving fabric independent routing technique
EP0883307B1 (en) Class-of-service automatic routing
GB2265793A (en) Bandwidth allocation on DPNSS networks
EP0798942A2 (en) Routing and bandwith allocation
US5936951A (en) Dynamic infrastructure
Ash et al. Real-time network routing in the AT&T network-improved service quality at lower cost
US7254228B2 (en) Method and system for effective utilizing the switching capacity of local exchanges
Ash et al. Network routing evolution
US20040047346A1 (en) Large telecommunications network
CA2219168A1 (en) Dynamic infrastructure
Yeh et al. Service architecture evolution for global networking
WO2002028115A2 (en) Method and system for effective utilizing the switching capacity of local exchanges
MXPA00012001A (en) Method of and system for providing services in a communications network

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
732E Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)
732E Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20060329