GB2263915A - Liquid-permeable topsheet for body fluid absorbent articles - Google Patents

Liquid-permeable topsheet for body fluid absorbent articles Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2263915A
GB2263915A GB9300870A GB9300870A GB2263915A GB 2263915 A GB2263915 A GB 2263915A GB 9300870 A GB9300870 A GB 9300870A GB 9300870 A GB9300870 A GB 9300870A GB 2263915 A GB2263915 A GB 2263915A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
direction ribs
ribs
topsheet
adjacent
pair
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9300870A
Other versions
GB2263915B (en
GB9300870D0 (en
Inventor
Masaki Murakami
Hiroyuki Inagaki
Yozo Yamada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unicharm Corp
Original Assignee
Unicharm Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unicharm Corp filed Critical Unicharm Corp
Publication of GB9300870D0 publication Critical patent/GB9300870D0/en
Publication of GB2263915A publication Critical patent/GB2263915A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2263915B publication Critical patent/GB2263915B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A61F13/51121—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by the material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A61F13/51104—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin the top sheet having a three-dimensional cross-section, e.g. corrugations, embossments, recesses or projections
    • A61F13/51108—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin the top sheet having a three-dimensional cross-section, e.g. corrugations, embossments, recesses or projections the top sheet having corrugations or embossments having one axis relatively longer than the other axis, e.g. forming channels or grooves in a longitudinal direction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
    • A61F13/512—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations
    • A61F13/5126—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations characterised by the planar distribution of the apertures, e.g. in a predefined pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15203—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency
    • A61F2013/15284—Properties of the article, e.g. stiffness or absorbency characterized by quantifiable properties
    • A61F2013/15365—Dimensions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F2013/51059—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers being sprayed with chemicals
    • A61F2013/51066—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers being sprayed with chemicals for rendering the surface hydrophilic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F2013/51078—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers being embossed
    • A61F2013/5108—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers being embossed in grids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24521—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness with component conforming to contour of nonplanar surface
    • Y10T428/24537—Parallel ribs and/or grooves

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Abstract

To control the flow of body fluid on the liquid-permeable topsheet of a body fluid absorbent article so as to follow a predetermined direction, the topsheet is made of thermoplastic synthetic resin comprising a plurality of first direction ribs 2 and a plurality of second direction ribs 3, the ribs 2 having curved sides 6 and the ribs 3 being connected with the sides 6 of the ribs 2 so that each pair of adjacent ribs 2 defines a groove 10 serving to guide the body fluid in the predetermined direction. The ribs 3 may also have curved sides. <IMAGE>

Description

2263915 LIQUID-PERMEABLE TOPSHEET FOR BODY FLUID ABSORBENT ARTICLES This
invention relates to a liquid-permeable made of thermoplastic resin used for body fluid articles such as disposable diapers and sanitary Conventionally, nonwoven fabric, hermoplas--c sheet or the like has been used as -cermeable toDsheet covering an absorbent core of absorbent articles.
topsheet absorbent napkins. perforated a liquidbody fluid Obviously it is desired that body fluid absorbency of such articles should be as rapid as possible and this will be effectively achieved, for example, by orienting flow of 2-4d on a topsheet or by controlling a diffusion the body fof the body flU4 .d in a predetermined direction so that the body fluid may rapidly spread over the entire surface of L-he absorbent core. While a topsheet made of nonwoven -Fabric is preferable in that a certain degree of diffusion can be expected under a capillary effect occurring between component fibres of the nonwoven fabric and the body fluid, it is difficult to realize rapid and direction-controlled diffusion of the body fluid since density of the nonwoven fabric for such application is limited by a requirement that a touch of the topsheet should be soft for user's skin. When the perforated sheet is employed as the topsheet, on the other hand, the body fluid smoothly flows on the sheet surface but can not be direction-controlled.
Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provi - de a liquid-permeable topsheet made ofthermoplastic resin so improved that a unique rib structure thereof flow of body fluid to be controlled in a predetermined direction.
n 1 1 nC.7 = a The object set forth above is achieved, according to the invention, by a liquid-permeable topsheet madeof t tic resin for body fluid absorbent articles, said Lhermoplas-L liquid-permeable topsheet comprising a plurality of first direction ribs each comprising a top longitudinally extending in a first direction and opposite sides curved down-ward from said top and longitudinally extending also in the first direction, and a plurality of second direction ribs each having a top longitudinally extending in a second direction, these first and second direction ribs crossing one another. Each pair of adjacent first direction ribs and each pair of adjacent second direction ribs crossing said pair of adjacent first direction ribs define each liquid-permeable opening. At respective crossings of these first and second direction ribs, the tops of the second 1 direction ribs are connected with the sides of the first direction ribs so as to form a crossed rib structure which is the most important feature of the invention.
With the topsheet having such rib structure, a plurality of first direction ribs extend in parallel to one another in the first direction and each pair of adjacent first direction ribs is held by the second direction ribs be spaced _from each other by a given distance. The tops of the second direction ribs are connected to the sides of t Eir-st direction ribs and thereby each pair of adjacent the -L 'J-st direction ribs define a groove extending in the first direction and havina at its bottom the second -'bs and the openings. The groove facilitates Eluid to flow in the first direction rather than d-;'.- -ection which is transverse thereto.
direction the body in the The inventlon will be described by way of example with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the topsheet constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along a line X-X in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing another embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4 is a-view similar to Fig. 1 but showing still another embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 5 is a perspective view Of a sanitary napkin.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a surface configuration of a topsheet 1 constructed according to an embodiment of the invention. The topsheet 1 comprises a plurality of first direction ribs 2 and a plurality of second direction ribs 3 crossing the first direction ribs 2 wherein each pair of adjacent first direction ribs 2 and each pair of adjacent second direction ribs 3 define a liquid-permeable opening 1. Each first direction rib 2 has a top 5 longitudinally extending in the first direction and opposite sides 6 curved downward from said top 5 to respective lower edges 6A. Each second direction rib 3 is flat and sheetliker longitudinally extending in the second direction and having a to-P 7 defined by its upper surface. The second direction ribs 3 are connected with the sides 6 of the first direction ribs 2 along their lower edges 6A or adjacent thereto, at respective crossings of the first direction ribs 2 and the second direction ribs 3, and thereby each pair of adjacent first direction ribs 2 are held to be spaced from each other by a predetermined distance so as to form a groove 10 extending in the first direction. This groove 10 comprises at its bottom the second direction ribs 3 and the openings 4 which are liquid-permeable.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along a line X-X in Fig. 1, showing how the lower edges 6A of the respective first direction ribs 2 are connected with the tops 7 of the respective second direction ribs 3 and how the groove 10 is formed by each pair of adjacent first direction ribs 2.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view similar to Fig. 1 but showing another embodiment of the invention in which the tops 7 of the respective second direction ribs 3 are -h one of a pair of adjacent first direction connected wit -Jbs 2 adjacenz the lower edge 6A of this first direction -ib 2 but with the other of the pair of adjacent first direction ribs 2 at upper portion of its side 6. Also in,his arrangement, the groove 10 is formed.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view similar to Fig. 1 but showing still another embodiment of the invention, in which.he second direction ribs 3 are smaller than the first direction ribs 2 both in width and height but have the tops 7 and the opposite sides 8 which are similar to those of the first direction ribs 2. The tops 7 are connected with the opposite sides 6 of the first direction ribs 2. The tops 7 of the second direction ribs 3 do not project above the tops 5 of the first direction ribs 2 and each pair of adjacent first direction ribs 2 define the groove 10 -6extending in the first direction.
The respective components of the topsheet 1 are preferred to have dimensions so that the groove 10 has a width of 0.1 to 3mm as measured between the opposite lower edges 6A of each pair of adjacent first direction ribs 2, the first and second direction ribs 2, 3 have widths of 0.3 to 3mm, the first direction ribs 2 has a height of 0.2 to 3mm, the second direction rib 3 has a height smaller than that of the first direction rib 2 and the opening 4 has an 2 area of 0.1 to 9mm The first direction rib 2 has a thickness of 0.02 to 0.2mm and the second direction rib 3 has a thickness which is equal to or less than the thickness of the first direction rib 2. This topsheet 1 can be obtained by thermoforming suitable thermoplastic sheet such as polyethylene sheet. If the topsheet 1 is hydrophobic, the surface of the topsheet 1 may be subjected to a suitable treatment with a hydrophilic agent to control its wettability with body fluid so that the body fluid may rapidly spread in the first direction under a capillary effect occurring between the side walls of the respective grooves 10 and the body fluid.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of sanitary napkin20 employing the topsheet 1 of the invention. The sanitary napkin 20 is tailored in rectangular shape which extends longitudinally in coincidence with the direction of the -7groove 10. In use of the sanitary napkin, the tops 5 of the respective first direction ribs 2 come in contact with user's skin. Consequently, the body fluid once discharged onto the topsheet 1 rapidly flows along the respective grooves 10 and spreads to the longitudinally opposite ends L-hereof. A quantity of body fluid flowing transversely of he sanitarv naDkin is correspondingly suppressed and leak of bodv fluid can be effectively avoided on both sides of k-he napkin 20.
The topsheet of the invention allows the flow of body fluid to be controlled by using the topsheet with the (-rooves being oriented in a predetermined direction and at.-ne same zime allows the body fluid leak to be prevented from occurring transversely of the grooves.

Claims (9)

-8CLAIMS
1. A liquidpermeable topsheet made of thermoplastic resin for body fluid absorbent articles, said liquidpermeable topsheet comprising:
a plurality of first direction ribs each comprising a top longitudinally extending in a first direction and opposite sides curved downward from said top and longitudinally extending also in the first direction and a plurality of second direction ribs each having a top longitudinally extending in a second direction, these first and second direction ribs crossing one another; each pair of adjacent first direction ribs and each pair of adjacent second direction ribs crossing said pair of adjacent first direction ribs defining a respective liquid-permeable opening; and at respective crossings of these first and second direction ribs, the tops of the second direction ribs being connected with the sides of the first direction ribs so as to form-a crossed rib structure.
2.; A topsheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first direction ribs extend parallel to one another in the first direction and each pair of adjacent first direction ribs is held by the second direction ribs to be spaced apart by a given distance.
3. A topsheet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein each pair of adjacent first direction ribs defines a groove extending in the first direction and having at its bottom the second direction ribs and the openings.
4. A topsheet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second direction ribs are flat and sheetlike.
5. A topsheet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second direction ribs are connected with the sides of the first direction ribs along their lower edges or adjacent thereto.
6. A topsheet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second direction ribs are connected with one of a pair of adjacent first direction ribs adjacent the lower edge of this first direction rib and the other of the pair of adjacent first direction ribs at an upper portion of its side.
7. A topsheet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second direction ribs are smaller than the first direction ribs both in width and height, and have tops and opposite sides similar to those of the first direction ribs, the tops of the second direction ribs not projecting above the tops of the first direction ribs.
8. A topsheet substantially as described herein, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
9. A body fluid absorbent article, such as a disposable diaper or a sanitary napkin, having a liquid-permeable topsheet as claimed in any preceding claim.
GB9300870A 1992-01-20 1993-01-18 Liquid-permeable topsheet for body fluid absorbent articles Expired - Lifetime GB2263915B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1992001540U JP2580566Y2 (en) 1992-01-20 1992-01-20 Liquid permeable surface sheet for body fluid treatment products

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9300870D0 GB9300870D0 (en) 1993-03-10
GB2263915A true GB2263915A (en) 1993-08-11
GB2263915B GB2263915B (en) 1995-08-30

Family

ID=11504361

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9300870A Expired - Lifetime GB2263915B (en) 1992-01-20 1993-01-18 Liquid-permeable topsheet for body fluid absorbent articles

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5268213A (en)
EP (1) EP0552748B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2580566Y2 (en)
KR (1) KR0122120Y1 (en)
CN (1) CN2148555Y (en)
AU (1) AU664577B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2086630C (en)
DE (1) DE59309166D1 (en)
GB (1) GB2263915B (en)

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CA2086630A1 (en) 1993-07-21
EP0552748A1 (en) 1993-07-28
US5268213A (en) 1993-12-07
AU664577B2 (en) 1995-11-23
GB2263915B (en) 1995-08-30
CA2086630C (en) 1997-01-28
KR0122120Y1 (en) 1998-07-15
JPH0558126U (en) 1993-08-03
EP0552748B1 (en) 1998-12-02
DE59309166D1 (en) 1999-01-14
CN2148555Y (en) 1993-12-08
JP2580566Y2 (en) 1998-09-10
KR930017785U (en) 1993-08-20
GB9300870D0 (en) 1993-03-10
AU3100693A (en) 1993-07-22

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