GB2256504A - A device suitable for controlling the injection of fuel into an internal combustion engine. - Google Patents
A device suitable for controlling the injection of fuel into an internal combustion engine. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2256504A GB2256504A GB9210814A GB9210814A GB2256504A GB 2256504 A GB2256504 A GB 2256504A GB 9210814 A GB9210814 A GB 9210814A GB 9210814 A GB9210814 A GB 9210814A GB 2256504 A GB2256504 A GB 2256504A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- processor
- processors
- computer
- manipulated variable
- supplied
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K28/00—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions
- B60K28/10—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle
- B60K28/16—Safety devices for propulsion-unit control, specially adapted for, or arranged in, vehicles, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in the event of potentially dangerous conditions responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle responsive to, or preventing, skidding of wheels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
- F02D41/266—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor the computer being backed-up or assisted by another circuit, e.g. analogue
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W2050/0001—Details of the control system
- B60W2050/0043—Signal treatments, identification of variables or parameters, parameter estimation or state estimation
- B60W2050/0044—In digital systems
- B60W2050/0045—In digital systems using databus protocols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
- B60W2710/0616—Position of fuel or air injector
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Description
- 1 2 2 7) 6 5,,, A device for controlling the injection of fuel into an
internal combustion engine D e s c r i -p t i o n The invention relates to a device comprising two processors, more particularly for controlling the injection of fuel into an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
A computer system comprising two processors and known in the prior art (DE-OS 35 39 407) is used for adjusting (or controlling)-parameters of an enginej--A metering device uses detected variables such as the speed, engine power requirement or position of a brake pedal, to generate a set value for the amount of fuel to be injected, the set value being compared with an actual value detected at the control rod in the normal position and representing the amount of fuel injected. Depending on the measured difference, a manipulated variable is delivered to an end stage so as to r) - d- adjust the control rod. The set values, actual values and manipulated values processed in the present case are simple voltages, which unfortunately are subject to fluctuations, w1hich may result in faulty adjustment of the control rod. owing to the use of a number of change- over switches in the signal path, the signal processing is subject to faults. The known computer system has the additional disadvantage that the pick-ups detecting the variables are duplicated, which is complicated and expensive. In the event of a fault, the fault-monitoring devices simply switch off the end stage completely, so that emergency operation is impossible.
The aim of the invention is to provide a device comprising two processors which, in contrast to the prior art, ensures reliable signal processing and rapid determination of the manipulated variable.
This problem is solved by the features disclosed in the characterising part of claim 1.
Since the manipulated variable is calculated in the first processor in dependence on data calculated in the second processor, the manipulated variable can advantageously be determined quickly in dependence on the calculated variables. Since digital data are processed, the signal processing is also reliable, since these data are not influenced e.g. by a fluctuation in the supply voltage. When the device according to the invention is used for controlling the fuel injection to an internal combustion engine, advantageous account is taken of operating parameters of the engine such as pressure, temperature, speed and more particularly the supply voltage (battery, voltage). Other variables such as the power requirement (accelerator pedal position) can also be taken into account. In a special embodiment of the invention these measured variables are used by the second processor to calculate a set of basic data which is supplied through suitable means (e.g. a data line) to the first processor, which uses the set of basic data to determine the manipulated variable for sending to the peripheral unit in order to control the fuel injection. The peripheral unit is e.g. at least one end stage for acf-uating one or more injecc-tion valves (solenoid valves) or, in general, may be a device for controlling (influencing) the fuel injection (more particularly the beginning, end and rate of injection).
According to another feature of the invention, the manipulated variable determined by the first processor can be supplied to the second processor via a data line, more particularly with interposition of an input/output unit.
T Lhe advantage of this is that the manipulated variable determined by the first processor is internally checked for plausibility by the second processor, thus increasing the reliability of signal processing. The input/output unit connecting the two processors is e.g. a central store to which processors have access and data can be written in and read out.
According to another feature of the invention, both processors have at least one computer performing a primary function and one computer performing a secondary function in order to calculate the manipulated variable. The advantage of this is that if one processor fails, the other processor takes over calculating the manipulated variable. To this end, the computers in the first processor carry out at least some of the functions of the computers in the second processor aniF vice versa. This ensur-eg that if the first processor fails, the computer performing the primary function in the second processor calculates the basic data and supplies them to the computer performing the secondary function in the secondary processor, which calculates the manipulated variable, which is sent to the peripheral unit. If the second processor fails, the manipulated variable is calculated in similar manner in the set of first processor. If the computers have the same construction in both processors, the engine can continue to operate without restriction if either processor fails. I tr the computers in one processor carry out only some of the functions of the other processor, emergency operation of the engine is still possible.
According to another feature of the invention, the two processors are associated with a monitoring device which influences the manipulated variable so that in the event of a fault in one of the two processors, the peripheral unit is supplied with the manipulated variable calculated by the functioning processor. By means of the monitoring device associated with the two processors, the peripheral unit in particular can be influenced so that the output of the defective processor (or the output of the peripheral unit) is switched off and the output of the functioning processor delivering tl-e correctly calculated r5anipulated variable is connected to the peripheral unit or its input is activated. By this means, in the event of a fault in one of the two processors, the engine can continue to operate and faulty controls can be avoided.
According to another feature of the invention, a monitoring computer is incorporated in each processor and supplied with the output signals of the computer performing the secondary function in one processor and the output signals of the computer performing the primary function in the other processor. The signals supplied to the monitoring computers, which represent the calculated manipulated variable, are checked for plausibility or similarity. In the event of a discrepancy, one of the monitoring computers delivers an appropriate control signal to the monitoring device, which appropriately actuates the peripheral unit. Alternatively the construction can be simplified by using only one monitoring computer in one of the two processors.
According to another feature of the invention, the input variables supplied to the processors are processed by at least one of the processors in time-interlocked intervals, more particularly by multiplexing. This has the advantage that the variables appearing at the inputs of the processors are processecTat desired times.
The two-processor device according to the invention is not restricted to controlling the injection of fuel to an engine, but is of use whenever reliable signal processing and rapid determination of a manipulated variable are required. Once such application is e.g. to controlling the brake pressure in an anti-skid system or to the control of robots in general. If the device according to the invention is used to control the fuel injection to an engine (the main sector of application) the engine can be either diesel or spark-ignition.
One particular embodiment of the device according to the invention and operation thereof will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings and the following description. In the drawings:
0 Fig. 1 shows a device according to the invention for controlling the injection of fuel into an engine, and Fig. 2 shows the signal processing in a processor comprising a change- over device.
Fig. 1 shows the device according to the invention for controlling _the injection of fuel into- -an internal combustion engine. The device substantially comprises a first processor 11 and a second processor 21, which is supplied with variables detected through sensor inputs 2. The detected variables, in the case of the device for controlling fuel injection, are operating parameters of the engine such as pressures, temperatures, speeds, positions (e.g. of the crankshaft) and, particularly advantageously, 1 the supply voltage (battery voltage) to ensure efficient reliable control of fuel injection into the engine. Other variables can be detected and processed, e.g. a variable representing idling or the position of a kick- down switch.
The first processor 11 has a first computer 12 which performs a primary function of the first processor 11, and a second computer 13 which performs a secondary function of the first processor 11. A monitoring computer 14 is also incorporated in the first processor 11. The second processor 21 is constructed in similar manner to the first processor 11 and likewise has a first computer 22 and a second computer 23. A monitoring computer 24 is similarly incorporated in the second processor 21. The two processors 11 and 21 are connected, for the purpose of transmitting signals, to a peripheral unit 4, e.g. at least one end stage for actuating solenoid valves. The solenoid valves or other fuelmeterinCcomponents are actuated-via at least one output line 6, which can be a data line or an electric The two processors 11, 21 are also interconnected by an input/output unit 8, more particularly a dual-port RAM, for the purpose of transmitting signals. A monitoring device 10 followed by a diagnostic device 10.1 is associated with the two processors 11 and 21. The monitoring device 10 is connected to the peripheral unit 4 (connection between line.
points A and B). In a simple embodiment, the diagnostic device 10.1 can be a warning light which is actuated in the C event of a fault. Alternatively the diagnostic device 10.1 can be a store, more particularly a non-volatile store, into which suitable fault reports can be written and subsequently read out via an interface.
In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1, the individual components are connected as follows:
The first computer 12, which calculates the manipulated variable, receives input signals in the form, of data written into the input/output unit 8 and the basic data (set of basic data) calculated by the second computer 13. The output of the first computer 12 is connected to the peripheral unit 4 and to the monitoring computer 24 of the second processor 21. The second computer 13 of the first to processor 11 Tias its input connected -1- -the sensor inputs 2 and its output connected to an input of the first computer 12 and to an input of the monitoring computer 14. The first computer 22 of the second processor 21 is supplied with the signals from the sensor inputs 2 and outputs signals to the second computer 23 and to the input/output unit 8. The second computer 23 has its output connected to the monitoring computer 24 and to the peripheral unit 4. The monitoring device 10 associated with the two processors 11 and 21 is connected to the two monitoring computers 14 and 24.
The aforementioned device for monitoring the fuel injection into an engine operates as follows:
Variables detected via the sensor inputs 2 are supplied to the first computer 22 of the second processor 21, which calculates a set of basic data which is supplied via the input/output unit 8 to the first computer 12 of the first processor 11. The first computer 12, using the set of basic data, calculates a manipulated variable which controls the fuel injection and is supplied operation, the computer 22 is corresponds iE comnuter 12 of (or the beginning and duration of delivery) to the peripheral unit 4. In fault-free set of basic data calculated by the first supplied to the second computer 23, which least partly in operat-loh to the first the first processor 11. In similar manner to the first computer 12, the second computer 23 calculates the manipulated variable which is output to the monitoring computer 24. The manipulated variable calculated by the second computer 23 is compared with the manipulated variable calculated by the first computer 12 in the monitoring computer 24 and, in the event of an unacceptable discrepancy, the monitoring device 10 is actuated. If the comparison shows a fault in the first computer 12, the monitoring device 10 switches off the output of the first processor 11 and supplies the peripheral unit 4 with the manipulated variable calculated by the second computer 23 of the second processor 21. Correspondingly the second processor 21 is switched off if the monitoring computer 14 comparing its input signals finds an unacceptable discrepancy. In that case the manipulated variable will be calculated by the first computer 12, which is supplied with the set of basic data calculated by the second computer 13.
By means of the aforementioned procedure, if a fault occurs in one of the two processors, the engine can continue to operate at least partially, using the functioning processor. If the computers 12, 13 and 22, 23 incorporated in both processors 11, 21 have the same design, full operation of the engine cH be maintained.
Fig. 2 shows signal processing in a processor comprising a switching-over device. In addition to the components shown in Fig. 1 and bearing the same reference numbers, in Fig. 2 a switching-over device 15 is connected upstream of the first computer 12 of the first-processor 11 and its input is connected to the monitoring device 10, the input/output unit 8 and the output of the second computer 13. In fault-free operation, therefore, the output signals of the input/output unit 8 are supplied to the first computer 12. In the event of a fault, the switching-over device 15 changes over to the output signals of the second computer 13, whose calculated set of basic data are then supplied to the first computer 12.
The signals input into the switching-over device 15 may be more or fewer than those shown in Fig. 2. Since the switching-over device 15 is a multiplexer, the first computer 12 of the first processor 11 is supplied with input -herefore signals in time-interlocked intervals, and can t process the input signals in succession. Other multiplexers can be used at other places in the device according to the invention.
The diagnostn device 10.1 associate(:-with the monitoring device 10 in Fig. 1 is associated in Fig. 2 with the input/output unit 8 and performs the same function as described in Fig. 1. Alternatively, the diagnostic device 10.1 can be associated with one or both processors 11, 21 (more particularly the monitoring computer 14 or 24). By this means, an e.g. non-volatile store can be used to file plausibility faults of sensor signals or control signals in the store and read out these recognised faults from the store and evaluate them, e.g. after a maintenance interval. Also, faults or disturbances occurring in the first processor 11 or its components or in the second processor 21 or its components, can be determined as regards place, nature and frequency and filed in the non-volatile store.
Alternatively to avoid faulty controls, the output signals e.g. of the peripheral unit 4 can be limited by appropriate hardware. To this end, for example, the output signals, more particularly the beginning and rate of delivery, of the peripheral unit 4, can be limited so that the highest possible speed can be set only at the earliest possible beginning of delivery and the maximum possible delivery rate, so that the engine cannot race or overspeed. This is advantageous e.g. if the manipulated variable calculated by the first processor 11 (or by processor 21 in the event of a fault) is so distorted during transmi-ss-ion as to result in an unacceptable speed of the engine.
In an alternative embodiment essential to the invention, all computers (12, 13, 22, 23) or some computers and/or the monitoring computers (14 and/or 24) can be provided with software, i.e. their operation or partial operation can be brought about in a program (e.g. at least one subroutine of the main program of one of the two processors or an interrupt routine).
Claims (8)
1 1. A device comprising two processors, more particularly for controlling the injection of fuel into an internal combustion engine, variables being detected and at least one of the two processors calculating a manipulated variable for supplying to a peripheral unit and controlling the fuel injection, characterised in that the first processor (11) determines the manipulated variable in dependence on data, more particularly numerical data, calculated by the second processor (21).
2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the manipulated variable determined by the first processor can be supplied to the second processor (21) via a data line, more particularly with interposition of an input/output unit (8).
3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that both processors (11, 12) have at least one computer (12y 13, 221 23) performing a primary function and one computer performing a secondary function in order to calculate the manipulated variable.
4. A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the computers (12, 13) in the first processor (11) perform at least a part of the functions of the computers (22, 23) in the second processor (21) and vice versa.
5. A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the processors (11, 21) are associated with a monitoring device (10) which influences the manipulated variable, more particularly a peripheral unit (4), and if a fault occurs in one of the two processors (11, 21) the peripheral unit (4) is supplied with the manipulated variable calculated by the functioning processor.
6. A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a monitoring computer (14, 24) is incorporated in each processor (11, 21).
7. A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least the processor (11) has a change-over device (15).
8. A device according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the input variables supplied to the processors (11, 21) are processed by at least one of the processors (11, 21) in time-interlocked intervals, more particularly by multiplexing.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19914117393 DE4117393A1 (en) | 1991-05-28 | 1991-05-28 | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE FUEL INJECTION OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9210814D0 GB9210814D0 (en) | 1992-07-08 |
| GB2256504A true GB2256504A (en) | 1992-12-09 |
Family
ID=6432600
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9210814A Withdrawn GB2256504A (en) | 1991-05-28 | 1992-05-21 | A device suitable for controlling the injection of fuel into an internal combustion engine. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4117393A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2256504A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995012756A1 (en) * | 1993-10-30 | 1995-05-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Arithmetic unit |
| GB2290389A (en) * | 1994-06-18 | 1995-12-20 | Int Computers Ltd | Monitoring arrangement for a computer system |
| EP1473454A1 (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-03 | Magneti Marelli Powertrain S.p.A. | Control system with multiprocessor architecture for an internal combustion powertrain |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19540264A1 (en) * | 1995-10-28 | 1997-04-30 | Continental Ag | Electronic control and regulating device |
| DE19612857A1 (en) * | 1996-03-30 | 1997-10-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Method for operating an internal combustion engine with the aid of a control device |
| DE19735956C1 (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 1998-09-10 | Siemens Ag | Method of computerised monitoring of calculation or estimation method |
| DE10041448A1 (en) * | 2000-08-23 | 2002-03-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for controlling an internal combustion engine |
| JP3835312B2 (en) * | 2002-03-07 | 2006-10-18 | 株式会社デンソー | Electronic control device for vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3829668A (en) * | 1971-12-02 | 1974-08-13 | Hitachi Ltd | Double unit control device |
| EP0041701A2 (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1981-12-16 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Multiple digital controller system |
| US4760275A (en) * | 1986-04-09 | 1988-07-26 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Communication system for vehicle |
| EP0405732A2 (en) * | 1989-06-07 | 1991-01-02 | The Marconi Company Limited | Digital signal multiprocessor |
| GB2251499A (en) * | 1991-01-05 | 1992-07-08 | Delco Electronics Corp | Electronic control module. |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS5810246A (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-01-20 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Digital controller for vehicle |
| SU1168960A1 (en) * | 1982-12-21 | 1985-07-23 | Ордена Ленина Институт Проблем Управления | Multiprocessor computer system |
| JPH0811942B2 (en) * | 1984-07-11 | 1996-02-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Engine controller |
| DE3539540A1 (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1986-05-22 | Canon K.K., Tokio/Tokyo | Colour image treatment method |
| DE3502721A1 (en) * | 1985-01-28 | 1986-07-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | MULTIPROCESSOR SYSTEM |
| JPS61212653A (en) * | 1985-03-18 | 1986-09-20 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Electronic control device of internal-combustion engine |
| DE3621106C2 (en) * | 1986-06-24 | 1995-03-23 | Vdo Schindling | Process for online processing of the same input values using two processors |
| DE3639055C2 (en) * | 1986-11-14 | 1998-02-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Process for monitoring and correcting errors in computers of a multi-computer system and multi-computer system |
| DE3700986C2 (en) * | 1987-01-15 | 1995-04-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for monitoring a computer system with two processors in a motor vehicle |
| JPH0833143B2 (en) * | 1987-02-23 | 1996-03-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Engine controller |
| DE3725750A1 (en) * | 1987-08-04 | 1989-02-23 | Vdo Schindling | Multiprocessor system e.g. for electronic fuel injection device - has parallel processors coupled via respective operational amplifiers to common output stage |
| DE3726489C2 (en) * | 1987-08-08 | 1995-04-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Device for monitoring a computer system with two processors in a motor vehicle |
| DE3731097C2 (en) * | 1987-09-16 | 1996-02-08 | Vdo Schindling | Circuit arrangement for monitoring a device controlled by two microprocessors, in particular motor vehicle electronics |
| JPH02275047A (en) * | 1989-04-13 | 1990-11-09 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Electronic controller for vehicle |
-
1991
- 1991-05-28 DE DE19914117393 patent/DE4117393A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-05-21 GB GB9210814A patent/GB2256504A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3829668A (en) * | 1971-12-02 | 1974-08-13 | Hitachi Ltd | Double unit control device |
| EP0041701A2 (en) * | 1980-06-09 | 1981-12-16 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Multiple digital controller system |
| US4760275A (en) * | 1986-04-09 | 1988-07-26 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Communication system for vehicle |
| EP0405732A2 (en) * | 1989-06-07 | 1991-01-02 | The Marconi Company Limited | Digital signal multiprocessor |
| GB2251499A (en) * | 1991-01-05 | 1992-07-08 | Delco Electronics Corp | Electronic control module. |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995012756A1 (en) * | 1993-10-30 | 1995-05-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Arithmetic unit |
| GB2290389A (en) * | 1994-06-18 | 1995-12-20 | Int Computers Ltd | Monitoring arrangement for a computer system |
| GB2290389B (en) * | 1994-06-18 | 1998-03-11 | Int Computers Ltd | Monitoring arrangement for a computer system |
| EP1473454A1 (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-03 | Magneti Marelli Powertrain S.p.A. | Control system with multiprocessor architecture for an internal combustion powertrain |
| US7003396B2 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2006-02-21 | Magneti Marelli Powertrain S.P.A. | Control system with multiprocessor architecture for an internal combustion powertrain |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9210814D0 (en) | 1992-07-08 |
| DE4117393A1 (en) | 1992-12-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |