GB2254655A - Muscle powered blood pump. - Google Patents
Muscle powered blood pump. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2254655A GB2254655A GB9107895A GB9107895A GB2254655A GB 2254655 A GB2254655 A GB 2254655A GB 9107895 A GB9107895 A GB 9107895A GB 9107895 A GB9107895 A GB 9107895A GB 2254655 A GB2254655 A GB 2254655A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- skeletal muscle
- assist device
- ventricular assist
- powered
- left ventricular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
- A61M60/855—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices
- A61M60/871—Energy supply devices; Converters therefor
- A61M60/882—Devices powered by the patient, e.g. skeletal muscle powered devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
- A61M60/165—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable in, on, or around the heart
- A61M60/178—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable in, on, or around the heart drawing blood from a ventricle and returning the blood to the arterial system via a cannula external to the ventricle, e.g. left or right ventricular assist devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/20—Type thereof
- A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
- A61M60/237—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller the blood flow through the rotating member having mainly axial components, e.g. axial flow pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
- A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/408—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
- A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/804—Impellers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
- A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/81—Pump housings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00681—Aspects not otherwise provided for
- A61B2017/00685—Archimedes screw
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
- A61M60/126—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel
- A61M60/148—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body implantable via, into, inside, in line, branching on, or around a blood vessel in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
Abstract
A left ventricular assist device powered by skeletal muscle, without any form of transcutaneous energy delivery, which comprises a housing (1), containing an outlet valve (4) and an Archimedes Screw (5). The ventricular assist device is powered by the contraction of skeletal muscle, the energy being transferred through a gear box (Figure 3), incorporating an attachment for the muscle tendon (10) and a series of gearwheels (13, 14). The gearbox is connected to the conduit by a coaxial cable. <IMAGE>
Description
CHRONIC VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE
Current left ventricular assistance devices (L.V.A.D's) are either aimed at short term support of the failing heart or as long-term implantable devices. All the L.V.A.D's currently in or approaching clinical use suffer from common design drawbacks. The most important of these in the long term is their reliance on extra-corporeal power with various methods for trans cutaneous energy transfer. Furthermore, all the L.V.A.D'S currently studied work from the blood sac principle, whereby blood enters a rigid chamber limited at each end by valves, one an inlet and one an outlet valve. Movement of blood through the chamber is produced by intermittent movement of a sac which effectively 'squeezes' blood out of the chamber.Methods of using skeletal muscle to augment the heart are currently being explored, and these generally use the latissimus dorsi muscle to either squeeze the heart rhythmically or to compress conduits be they natural or prosthetic. All these methods however require that most or all of the origin of the muscle, from the ribs and thoracolumbar fascia are divided and the tendon is divided and attached to a rib for stability. Most of these techniques require that the muscle be transposed into the thoracic cavity.
The current invention'is radically different from other chronically implanted
V.A.D.'S. firstly the whole system is implantable within the body, without transcutaneous power delivery, secondly an Archimedes screw' is used to provide the blood motion, thirdly the latissimus dorsi muscle is left intact, with only its tendon divided, and power is transferred from the muscle to the V.A.D. directly through a mechanical linkage.
The V.A.D. can be discussed in terms of its components. Figure 1 shows a general view of the blood containing element: (1) is the housing, formed from either 'polycarbonate' or from 'sintered titanium'. (2) is the inlet conduit from the left atrium and (3) is the outlet conduit to the descending thoracic aorta both of these would be made from collagen impregnated dacron or similar material. (4) is a bileaflet mechanical heart valve such as a 'St Jude' or a sCarbomedics' which allows central flow with a relatively low gradient across it. (5) is the moving rotor, shaped as an
Archimedes screw and manufactured from heparin bonded plastic. This rotor is mounted on a titanium, or similar, spindle which exits the casing through a seal [Figure 2, (6) ] . The spindle is stabilised by running through a series of bearings (7) and ends at a screw connector (8).Into the screw connector connects a co-axial cable (not shown), similar to a car speedometer cable, which-engages through a simple lug connector.
Figure 3 shows the gearbox through which the linear energy of latissimus dorsi, or other appropriate skeletal muscle, contraction is converted into rotary motion to turn the rotor. The gearbox is contained in a titanium box (9), the tendon of the muscle is surgically divided and securely joined to the tendon attachment arm (10). This arm attaches to a cranked arm (12) such as is found on spinning wheels which drives the primary gear wheel (13). The primary gear wheel turns the central shaft of the secondary gear wheel (14), the outer part of which drives a tertiary gear wheel (15).
The tertiary gear wheel drives the co-axial cable through another screw connector, which seals the cable to the box. The tendon attachment arm itself moves within a highly flexible rubber sleeve (16) to maintain the integrity of the box. The spring (17) returns the muscle to the stretched position during the muscle relaxation phase which must follow muscle contraction. It is the mechanical equivalent of a synergistic muscle.
The box is firmly stabilised by being wired to the underlying ribs through the attachment points (18).
Muscle contraction is controlled by a neuro-muscular pacing system, such as the
Medtronic company's SP1005 or Prometheus systems.
The advantage of a separate coaxial cable to connect the gear box to the blood containing part of the V.A.D. is to allow the length of the cable to be tailored, so that the cable passes through the chest wall and then runs around the inside of the hemithorax in a smooth curve, without kinks.
In practical terms, a 4cm by 6 cm rotor would enclose a volume of approximately 75 mls. A primary gear of 4 cm turning a 1 cm spindle on a 3 cm secondary gear, in turn turning a 1 cm tertiary gear would produce 12 turns of the rotor for each muscle contraction.
Claims (1)
- (1) A chronically implanted Skeletal Muscle Powered Left Ventricular Assist Device, comprising a blood containing casing incorporating an Archimedes screw type of rotor for blood propulsion, an outlet valve and the appropriate conduits. Also incorporating energy transfer through a co-axial cable from a gear box mounted extrathoracically powered by intermittent contraction of a skeletal muscle.(2) A Skeletal Muscle Powered Left Ventricular Assist Device as claimed in claim (1) which contains a gearbox to convert linear work of muscle contraction to rotary work suitable for use in a ventricular assist device.(3) A Skeletal Muscle Powered Left Ventricular Assist Device as claimed in claim (1) or claim (2) wherein the gear box contains a return spring to ensure full elongation of the skeletal muscle prior to contraction.(4) A Skeletal Muscle Powered Left Ventricular Assist Device as claimed in claims (1), (2) or (3) wherein an Archimedes screw pumps blood from the left atrium to the descending thoracic aorta.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9107895A GB2254655A (en) | 1991-04-13 | 1991-04-13 | Muscle powered blood pump. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9107895A GB2254655A (en) | 1991-04-13 | 1991-04-13 | Muscle powered blood pump. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB9107895D0 GB9107895D0 (en) | 1991-05-29 |
GB2254655A true GB2254655A (en) | 1992-10-14 |
Family
ID=10693220
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB9107895A Withdrawn GB2254655A (en) | 1991-04-13 | 1991-04-13 | Muscle powered blood pump. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2254655A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2371230A (en) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-07-24 | Tayside Flow Technologies Ltd | Pumps |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1339043A (en) * | 1971-07-17 | 1973-11-28 | Hartley Simon Ltd | Screw pumps |
EP0216042A1 (en) * | 1985-08-01 | 1987-04-01 | Medtronic, Inc. | Cardiac assist device |
US4857046A (en) * | 1987-10-21 | 1989-08-15 | Cordis Corporation | Drive catheter having helical pump drive shaft |
US4902291A (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-02-20 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Collapsible artificial ventricle and pumping shell |
US4969865A (en) * | 1989-01-09 | 1990-11-13 | American Biomed, Inc. | Helifoil pump |
-
1991
- 1991-04-13 GB GB9107895A patent/GB2254655A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1339043A (en) * | 1971-07-17 | 1973-11-28 | Hartley Simon Ltd | Screw pumps |
EP0216042A1 (en) * | 1985-08-01 | 1987-04-01 | Medtronic, Inc. | Cardiac assist device |
US4857046A (en) * | 1987-10-21 | 1989-08-15 | Cordis Corporation | Drive catheter having helical pump drive shaft |
US4969865A (en) * | 1989-01-09 | 1990-11-13 | American Biomed, Inc. | Helifoil pump |
US4902291A (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-02-20 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Collapsible artificial ventricle and pumping shell |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2371230A (en) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-07-24 | Tayside Flow Technologies Ltd | Pumps |
GB2371230B (en) * | 2001-02-08 | 2002-10-16 | Tayside Flow Technologies Ltd | Pumps |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9107895D0 (en) | 1991-05-29 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |