GB2249885A - Capacitor arrangement for starting an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Capacitor arrangement for starting an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2249885A GB2249885A GB9122582A GB9122582A GB2249885A GB 2249885 A GB2249885 A GB 2249885A GB 9122582 A GB9122582 A GB 9122582A GB 9122582 A GB9122582 A GB 9122582A GB 2249885 A GB2249885 A GB 2249885A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- starting
- battery
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- capacitive means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0862—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery
- F02N11/0866—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by the electrical power supply means, e.g. battery comprising several power sources, e.g. battery and capacitor or two batteries
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N2011/0881—Components of the circuit not provided for by previous groups
- F02N2011/0885—Capacitors, e.g. for additional power supply
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Means For Warming Up And Starting Carburetors (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The engine starter motor 4 has mounted therein or thereon a bank of capacitors 5 which can store sufficient energy to operate the motor 4 for starting the engine. Smaller wires can thus be used to connect the motor 4 to the battery 1, which may also be of lower weight and volume than normal and may be remote from the engine compartment. The capacitors 5 may be molecular or double layer supercapacitors, eg. thirteen 0.9 volt 7800 Farad capacitors, and the battery 1 may be a 20 Ah gas-recombination type. <IMAGE>
Description
A System For Starting An Internal Combustion Engine For Motor Vehicles
1 DESCRIPTION
2249835 The present invention relates to a system for starting an internal combustion engine for motor vehicles.
More specifically, the invention concerns a starting system including:
a storage battery, and an electric starter motor which can be operated to rotate the internal combustion engine.
In systems of this type currently in use, in order to operate the electric starter motor, it must be supplied with an electrical current of the order of hundreds of amps for periods of time which may vary, for example, from one to thirty seconds. In conventional starter systems, this current is typically supplied by a storage battery, generally a lead- acid battery, which is also intended to store and supply the electrical energy needed to operate the electrical equipment in the vehicle. The batteries normally used are quite bulky and heavy. Moreover, connecting wires which have suitable cross-sections, and are thus heavy. and expensive, are required between such a battery and an electric starter motor.
The performance of conventional storage batteries is very sensitive to. their operating temperatures.
The object of the present invention is to provide a system for starting an internal combustion engine whose electrical performance is generally improved and which avoids the problems of conventional systems described above.
2 According to the invention, this object is achieved by a starting system of the type specified above, the main characteristic of which lies in the fact that it includes:
capacitive means of high static capacitance arranged immediately adjacent the electric starter motor and adapted to store enough electrical energy to supply the electric motor during the starting of the internal combustion engine, and connection means adapted, in a first condition, to connect the capacitive means to the battery to enable the capacitive means to be recharged and, in a second condition, to connect the capacitive means to the electric motor to enable electrical energy to be transferred from the capacitive means to the electric starter motor.
Electrical capacitors with much higher capacitances than conventional capacitors have recently become available. These capacitors, -which are known as molecular or double-layer capacitors or even as supercapacitors, can store extremely large quantities of electrical energy or charge and can be charged and discharged in very short periods of time, that is, with very much higher specific powers than were possible with conventional electrochemical accumulators.
The capacitances of such supercapacitors remain almost unchanged even after a very large number of charge and discharge cycles (more than 10 4) and are largely unaffected by their operating temperatures which may C i i j i 1 i 1 i A 1 i i 1 i i i 3 vary within wide limits, for example, between -40 0 C and +700C.
The use of such capacitors, for example, of the type with activated carbon and an aqueous electrolyte which are ecologically acceptable materials, disposed, according to the invention, in the immediate vicinity of the electric starter motor, enables connecting wires with small cross-sections to be used for the connection to the battery. The weight and cost of the system are thus reduced and its performance is improved since the losses in the connecting cables are reduced.
In the system according to the invention, the battery of the motor vehicle may be smaller than was necessary in conventional systems, since it need only be suitable for supplying slow-discharge user equipment. As the battery is subject to less stress than in conventional systems, a working life equal to that of the entire motor vehicle can be achieved.
In a system according to the invention, the battery may., for example, be a lead battery of the gas-recombination type for location remote from the internal combustion engine. In fact, this type of battery is quite sensitive to the high temperatures which may be developed in the engine compartment. They are more convenient, however, since they have fewer electrodes, their internal and external rheophores weigh less and they can withstand being run down for longer periods.
FUrther characteristics and advantages of the invention will become clear from the detailed description which follows with reference to the appended drawings,
4 provided purely by way of non-limiting example, in which:
Figure 1 is a general electrical diagram of a starting system according to the invention, and Figures 2 and 3 are a front view and a side view of an electric starter motor with an attached battery of capacitors for a system according to the invention.
With reference to Figure 1, a starting system according to the invention includes a storage battery 1 which, as stated above, may be constituted, for example, by a gas-recombination-type lead battery. An electrical generator 2 driven by the internal combustion engine is associated with the battery 1 in conventional manner for recharging it.
A starter unit, generally indicated 3, includes a direct-current electric motor 4, a battery of supercapacitors 5 and an electromagneticallycontrolled double switch 6. A structural embodiment of the starter unit 3 is shown in Figures 2 and 3.
In the embodiment shown by way of example, the electromagneticallycontrolled double switch 6 includes an excitation solenoid 7 connected at one end to earth and connectible at its other end to the battery 1 by means of a manual ly-operated switch 8 which can be operated, for example, by the ignition and starting switch of the motor vehicle. The solenoid 7 controls the positions of two switches 9 and 11 which are arranged as shown in Figure 1 and, in their closed conditions, can connect the battery of capacitors 5 to the electric starter motor 4. In its closed j i 1 condition, the switch 9 short-circuits a resistor 10 between the battery of capacitors 5 and the storage battery 1.
When the switches 9 and 11 are open, the electric motor 4 is disconnected both from the battery of capacitors 5 and from the storage battery 1, whilst the battery of capacitors 5 is connected to the storage battery 1 through the resistor 10. In this condition, the capacitors can be charged as appropriate.
In order to start the internal combustion engine, the switch 8 is closed, energising the control solenoid 7 which closes the switches 9 and 11. The battery of capacitors 5 is thus discharged rapidly into the electric starter motor 4 so as to activate it.
Electrical wires with small diameters suffice for connecting the starter unit 3 to the storage battery 1 since they are intended to carry currents of quite low intensities.
The starter capacitors 5 may conveniently be located in a container connected to the housing of the electric starter motor 4 or the housing of the electric motor 4 may be formed so that it can also house the capacitors.
For example, in order to provide a starting system which can supply 200 A at a voltage of about 9V for about 10 seconds, it is necessary to be able to supply about 18 kjoules of energy. Now, the energy which can 2 be stored in a capacitor is 0. 5 CV, where C is the caacitance and V is the voltage across the capacitor. Since the voltage V across the capacitor decreases exponentially as a function of the discharge period, it i 6 can be calculated that a capacitance of about 600 F is required in order to supply 18 kjoules of energy. This capacitance can be achieved with capacitors of the type having activated carbon and an aqueous electrolyte with normal voltages of about 0. 9 V. For example, a series of thirteen such capacitors, each of 7800 F, is needed. It is possible to form such a battery of capacitors occupying a space of about 0.3 dm 3 and weighing 0.6 kg.
The storage battery 1 of the starting system of the invention is intended to constitute the energy reserve for the slow-discharge users of electricity and to keep the battery of supercapacitors charged. It can thus be constituted by a series of six lead accumulators of about 20 Ah which can be made so as to weigh about 6 kg, and hence about 50% of the weight of a battery currently used for starting a motor car. If the battery is of the gas-recombination type with an immobilised electrolyte, the volume of the battery can also be about half that of a normal battery.
A system thus formed according to the invention saves copper (connecting cables) to the extent of about 1 kg and more if the battery of the motor vehicle is located outside the engine compartment.
The overall cost of the system may be less in view of the lower cost of the storage battery and of the connecting cables.
Naturally, the principle of the invention remaining the saie, the forms of embodiment and details of construction may be varied widely with respect to those described and illustrated purely by way of non-limiting i 7 example, without thereby departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A system for starting an internal combustion engine for motor vehicles, including:
a storage battery, and an electric starter motor operable to rotate the internal combustion engine, characterised in that it-includes:
capacitive means of high-capacitance arranged immediately adjacent the electric motor and adapted to store enough electrical energy to supply the electric motor during the starting of the internal combustion engine, and connection means adapted, in afirst condition, to connect the capacitive means to the battery to enable the capacitive means to be recharged and, in a second condition, to connect the capacitive means to the electric motor to enable electrical energy to be -transferred from the capacitive means to the electric motor
2. A starting system according to Claim 1 characterised in that the capacitive means comprise a plurality of molecular or double-layer capacitors.
3. A starting system according to chc'iracterised in that the capacitors type which have activated carbon and an aqueous electrolyte.
F Claim 2, are of the I i i i f t 9
4. A starting system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the battery is a lead battery of the gas- recombination type.
5. A starting system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the capacitive means are housed in a container adjacent or within the housing of the electric starter motor.
6. A system for starting an internal combustion engine for motor vehicles substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT06782290A IT1247766B (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1990-10-25 | STARTING SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FOR VEHICLES |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB9122582D0 GB9122582D0 (en) | 1991-12-04 |
GB2249885A true GB2249885A (en) | 1992-05-20 |
GB2249885B GB2249885B (en) | 1994-09-14 |
Family
ID=11305549
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB9122582A Expired - Fee Related GB2249885B (en) | 1990-10-25 | 1991-10-24 | A system for starting an internal combustion engine for motor vehicles |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5207194A (en) |
DE (1) | DE4135025A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2050577B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2668865B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2249885B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1247766B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2297207A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1996-07-24 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Motor vehicle engine starting system |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3539988B2 (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 2004-07-07 | 株式会社デンソー | Starter device for vehicle |
JPH0988778A (en) * | 1995-07-17 | 1997-03-31 | Denso Corp | Starter generator |
DE19709298C2 (en) | 1997-03-06 | 1999-03-11 | Isad Electronic Sys Gmbh & Co | Starter systems for an internal combustion engine and method for starting an internal combustion engine |
JP2001513864A (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 2001-09-04 | イーエスアーデー・エレクトロニク・ジステームス・ゲーエムベーハー・ウント・コンパニ・カーゲー | Startup assist device for diesel engine and method for starting diesel engine |
WO1999040316A1 (en) * | 1998-02-10 | 1999-08-12 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Battery and starter motor assembly |
DE19840819C1 (en) | 1998-09-07 | 2000-08-03 | Isad Electronic Sys Gmbh & Co | Starter system for an internal combustion engine and method for starting an internal combustion engine |
US6325035B1 (en) | 1999-09-30 | 2001-12-04 | Caterpillar Inc. | Method and apparatus for starting an engine using capacitor supplied voltage |
JP2001219798A (en) * | 2000-02-08 | 2001-08-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Battery circuit device for vehicle |
US6679212B2 (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2004-01-20 | Goodall Manufacturing, Llc | Capacitive remote vehicle starter |
US20030075134A1 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2003-04-24 | Kold Ban International, Ltd. | Methods for starting an internal combustion engine |
US6426606B1 (en) | 2000-10-10 | 2002-07-30 | Purkey Electrical Consulting | Apparatus for providing supplemental power to an electrical system and related methods |
US6717291B2 (en) | 2000-10-10 | 2004-04-06 | Purkey's Electrical Consulting | Capacitor-based powering system and associated methods |
DE10103995A1 (en) * | 2001-01-30 | 2002-08-22 | Epcos Ag | On-board power storage 12Volt and / or 42Volt vehicle electrical systems and device for starting |
US6819010B2 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2004-11-16 | Kold Ban International, Ltd. | Vehicle with switched supplemental energy storage system for engine cranking |
US6888266B2 (en) | 2001-03-08 | 2005-05-03 | Kold Ban International, Ltd. | Vehicle with switched supplemental energy storage system for engine cranking |
DE10231379B3 (en) * | 2002-05-24 | 2004-01-15 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Drive system for a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine and an electric machine |
DE10321155A1 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2004-12-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for power supply in a motor vehicle |
DE102004032197A1 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2005-02-24 | Remy Inc. (N.D.Ges.D. Staates Delaware), Anderson | Power module for motor vehicles |
US7145259B2 (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2006-12-05 | Remy Inc. | Engine starting motor anti-milling device |
US6871625B1 (en) | 2004-01-26 | 2005-03-29 | Kold Ban International, Ltd. | Vehicle with switched supplemental energy storage system for engine cranking |
US7134415B2 (en) * | 2004-01-26 | 2006-11-14 | Kold Ban International, Ltd. | Vehicle with switched supplemental energy storage system for engine cranking |
US6988476B2 (en) * | 2004-03-11 | 2006-01-24 | Kold Ban International, Ltd. | Vehicle with switched supplemental energy storage system for engine cranking |
US7319306B1 (en) | 2004-06-25 | 2008-01-15 | Sure Power Industries, Inc. | Supercapacitor engine starting system with charge hysteresis |
DE102004044469B4 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2009-04-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Device for starting an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle |
US20100031911A1 (en) * | 2006-09-22 | 2010-02-11 | Bertrand Gessier | Device for starting an internal combustion engine, particularly a diesel engine |
US20080199737A1 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-08-21 | Universal Supercapacitors Llc | Electrochemical supercapacitor/lead-acid battery hybrid electrical energy storage device |
US8134343B2 (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2012-03-13 | Flextronics International Kft | Energy storage device for starting engines of motor vehicles and other transportation systems |
US7573151B2 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-08-11 | Lear Corporation | Dual energy-storage for a vehicle system |
DE102008041298A1 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2010-02-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device and method for starter support in a motor vehicle |
DE102009007545A1 (en) | 2009-02-04 | 2010-08-05 | Wenzl, Heinz, Dr. | Boot Helper |
JP6165522B2 (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2017-07-19 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Power storage system |
FR3019217B1 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2018-07-27 | Safran Helicopter Engines | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RAPID REACTIVATION OF TURBOMACHINE |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1193287A1 (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1985-11-23 | Московский автомеханический институт | System of electro-starter starting of internal combustion engine |
SU1326769A1 (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1987-07-30 | Предприятие П/Я А-1877 | Electric starting system for internal combustion engine |
SU1521902A1 (en) * | 1987-11-16 | 1989-11-15 | Предприятие П/Я В-2763 | Electric starting system for ic engine |
EP0376667A2 (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1990-07-04 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Power supply apparatus for automotive vehicles |
EP0390398A1 (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1990-10-03 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Engine starter system |
EP0412631A2 (en) * | 1989-08-10 | 1991-02-13 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Motor vehicle power supply device |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4490620A (en) * | 1983-09-12 | 1984-12-25 | Eaton Corporation | Engine starter protective and control module and system |
JP2536140B2 (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1996-09-18 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Engine starter |
JPH061067B2 (en) * | 1989-04-13 | 1994-01-05 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Engine starter |
JP2522060B2 (en) * | 1989-06-14 | 1996-08-07 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Engine starter |
JPH0360330A (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1991-03-15 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Charger for capacitor |
-
1990
- 1990-10-25 IT IT06782290A patent/IT1247766B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1991
- 1991-10-23 DE DE4135025A patent/DE4135025A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-10-23 ES ES09102346A patent/ES2050577B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-10-23 FR FR9113114A patent/FR2668865B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-24 US US07/781,872 patent/US5207194A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-10-24 GB GB9122582A patent/GB2249885B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1193287A1 (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1985-11-23 | Московский автомеханический институт | System of electro-starter starting of internal combustion engine |
SU1326769A1 (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1987-07-30 | Предприятие П/Я А-1877 | Electric starting system for internal combustion engine |
SU1521902A1 (en) * | 1987-11-16 | 1989-11-15 | Предприятие П/Я В-2763 | Electric starting system for ic engine |
EP0376667A2 (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1990-07-04 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Power supply apparatus for automotive vehicles |
EP0390398A1 (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1990-10-03 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Engine starter system |
EP0412631A2 (en) * | 1989-08-10 | 1991-02-13 | Isuzu Motors Limited | Motor vehicle power supply device |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2297207A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1996-07-24 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Motor vehicle engine starting system |
GB2297207B (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1997-12-10 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Engine starting system for a motor vehicle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2050577A2 (en) | 1994-05-16 |
FR2668865A1 (en) | 1992-05-07 |
ES2050577B1 (en) | 1995-10-16 |
FR2668865B1 (en) | 1994-12-02 |
ES2050577R (en) | 1995-04-01 |
DE4135025A1 (en) | 1992-04-30 |
US5207194A (en) | 1993-05-04 |
GB9122582D0 (en) | 1991-12-04 |
IT1247766B (en) | 1994-12-30 |
IT9067822A0 (en) | 1990-10-25 |
GB2249885B (en) | 1994-09-14 |
IT9067822A1 (en) | 1992-04-25 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19971024 |