GB2248636A - A process for depositing a carbon coating on a fibre using a haloalkyne - Google Patents
A process for depositing a carbon coating on a fibre using a haloalkyne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2248636A GB2248636A GB9119587A GB9119587A GB2248636A GB 2248636 A GB2248636 A GB 2248636A GB 9119587 A GB9119587 A GB 9119587A GB 9119587 A GB9119587 A GB 9119587A GB 2248636 A GB2248636 A GB 2248636A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fibre
- haloalkyne
- gas
- carbon coating
- deposition chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OMNGRPHPKWAMSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloroprop-1-yne Chemical compound CC#CCl OMNGRPHPKWAMSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- XXFUZSHTIOFGNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromoprop-1-yne Chemical compound CC#CBr XXFUZSHTIOFGNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJZPPWWHKPGCHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N propargyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC#C LJZPPWWHKPGCHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/4584—Coating or impregnating of particulate or fibrous ceramic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/10—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of carbon
- D01F11/12—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of carbon with inorganic substances ; Intercalation
- D01F11/125—Carbon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
A process for deposition a carbon coating on a fibre which comprises heating the fibre and passing the heated fibre through a deposition chamber containing a gas which on contact with the hot fibre deposits a carbon coating; characterised in that the gas is a haloalkyne, eg bromopropyne, chloropropyne. The fibre may be a ceramic fibre, eg silicon carbide. The filament may be heated to 800-1300 DEG C. The deposition chamber is preferably a vertical tube with a gas inlet at the lower end and a gas outlet at the upper end. Other reactive gases such as chloroform or butadiene may also be present. The fibre may consist of carbon, tungsten, boron or silicon carbide.
Description
A PROCESS FOR DEPOSITING A COATING ON A FIBRE
This invention relates to a process for depositing a coating on a fibre.
Most composite components are made from either woven fabrics or parallel arrays of unidirectional fibres. The ceramic fibre must, however, be provided with a protective coating to eliminate strength-reducing fibre-matrix chemical reactions if it is to be used successfully to reinforce composites such as metal matrix composites. In addition, a coating makes it easier to handle fibres by protecting against abrasion damage.
A well known technique for depositing carbon coatings on fibres utilises chemical vapour deposition (CVD). In a typical process, a fibre is passed continuously through a deposition chamber containing gases which, on contact with the hot fibre, deposit the desired coating. The fibre may be heated resistively by passage of an electric current.
We have now found a process which is particularly useful for the deposition of a carbon coating on a fibre.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a process for depositing a carbon coating on a fibre which comprises heating the fibre and passing the heated fibre through a deposition chamber containing a gas which on contact with the hot fibre deposits a carbon coating; characterised in that the gas is a haloalkyne.
The process provides a method whereby a fibre can be coated using a single precursor. The single precursor provides the advantage of reduced processing complexity, thus making the process more controllable. This makes it easier to reproduce the required coatings. The present invention also deposits carbon at as high a rate as many multi-precursor combinations.
The haloalkyne is suitably a liquid at room temperature and may suitably be selected from any C2-C4 alkyne. The halo groups may suitably be selected from fluorine, bromine and chlorine.
Preferably the haloalkyne is a bromoalkyne or a chloroalkyne, for example bromopropyne or, especially, chloropropyne.
The haloalkyne may suitably be utilised either in the pure form or in the commercially available form.
Suitably, the deposition chamber contains an inert carrier gas. The gas may suitably be neon or argon. Hydrogen may also be present if desired or the reaction may be carried out in the absence of hydrogen.
Where the haloalkyne is a liquid, the inert gas is suitably passed through the liquid. The liquid haloalkyne may suitably be contained within a reservoir at a constant temperature eg greater than room temperature but less than the boiling point of the liquid. Preferably, the liquid haloalkyne is maintained at a temperature of from 30-40 C.
Preferably the gases in the deposition chamber consist of the inert carrier gas and the haloalkyne. Also suitable is the presence of a second reactive gas such as chloroform and/or other unsaturated carbon compounds such as alkenes, eg butadiene.
In order to promote efficient deposition, the fibre is suitably heated in the range of from 800 to 1300 C, preferably 900 to 1100 C. Most conveniently, the fibre is heated by passage of an electric current supplied via two liquid metal electrodes through which the fibre passes. It should of course be understood that the current may be varied for different temperatures. The electrodes may contain pure mercury, or liquid metal mixtures selected from mercury/indium, mercury/cadmium or gallium/indium.
The deposition tube is preferably a vertical tube. The tube may suitably have parallel walls or suitably tapering walls.
Preferably, the tube is of constant width throughout its length.
It has been found that especially good results have been obtained when the gas inlet is at the lower end of the tube and the outlet at the upper end. If the liquid is contained within a liquid reservoir, suitably the liquid reservoir is situated at the lower end of the tube.
The process provides a carbon coated filament wherein the microstructure of the coating comprises laminar layers of carbon.
By laminar layers, it is understood that the layers are parallel to the surface of the fibre.
The process according to the present invention may be used for depositing a carbon coating on any desired fibre. The fibre may, for example, be tungsten or carbon requiring a further carbon layer. Preferably the fibre is a ceramic fibre, for example boron or especially silicon carbide. Such fibres are well known and their manufacture is described in many publications, for example US 4127659 and US 3622369.
The process of the invention will now be illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing wherein Figure 1 shows an apparatus which may be used to carry out the invention. A silicon carbide fibre (1) is fed from a supply (2) via a tube (3) to a store (4). The fibre passes through mercury electrodes (5 and 6) at each end of the tube (3).
The electrodes (5 and 6) form part of an electric circuit (not shown) which supplies an electric heating circuit to the filament, raising it to a temperature of from 900 to 1100 C. Argon is passed into the liquid 3-chloropropyne, ex Analar contained within a reservoir (7).
The argon (50 - 500 standard cubic centimetres per minute (sccm)) and vapour phase haloalkyne (10 - 100 sccm) are fed into the tube (3) via inlet (8) and spent gases removed via outlet (9). The fibre entering the store (4) has a high quality carbon coating.
Claims (9)
1. A process for depositing a carbon coating on a fibre which comprises heating the fibre and passing the heated fibre through a deposition chamber containing a gas which on contact with the hot fibre deposits a carbon coating; characterised in that the gas is a haloalkyne.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1, in which the haloalkyne is a
C2-C4 haloalkyne.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, in which the haloalkyne is a bromoalkyne or chloroalkyne.
4. A process as claimed in claim 3, in which the haloalkyne is chloropropyne.
5. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the gas in the deposition chamber contains an inert gas.
6. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the filament is heated to a temperature in the range of from 800 to 1300 C.
7. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the deposition chamber is a vertical tube, the gas inlet being at the lower end of the tube and the gas outlet being at the upper end of the tube.
8. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which a carbon coating is deposited on a ceramic fibre.
9. A process as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which a carbon coating is deposited on a silicon carbide fibre.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB909022267A GB9022267D0 (en) | 1990-10-13 | 1990-10-13 | Process for depositing a coating on a fibre |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9119587D0 GB9119587D0 (en) | 1991-10-23 |
| GB2248636A true GB2248636A (en) | 1992-04-15 |
Family
ID=10683671
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB909022267A Pending GB9022267D0 (en) | 1990-10-13 | 1990-10-13 | Process for depositing a coating on a fibre |
| GB9119587A Withdrawn GB2248636A (en) | 1990-10-13 | 1991-09-12 | A process for depositing a carbon coating on a fibre using a haloalkyne |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB909022267A Pending GB9022267D0 (en) | 1990-10-13 | 1990-10-13 | Process for depositing a coating on a fibre |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB9022267D0 (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB979467A (en) * | 1961-07-14 | 1965-01-06 | Philips Electronic Associated | Improvements in or relating to methods of coating a molybdenum wire with a layer of carbon |
| GB1146015A (en) * | 1966-03-11 | 1969-03-19 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of nuclear fuel |
| EP0157212A2 (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-09 | American Cyanamid Company | Articles coated with adherent diamondlike carbon films |
| EP0278480A2 (en) * | 1987-02-10 | 1988-08-17 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Microwave enhanced cvd method for coating plastic articles with carbon film |
| US4873115A (en) * | 1982-08-13 | 1989-10-10 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo K.K. | Method of sythesizing carbon film and carbon particles in a vapor phase |
| EP0353934A1 (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1990-02-07 | Fujikura Ltd. | Optical fiber and apparatus for producing same |
| US4935303A (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1990-06-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Novel diamond-like carbon film and process for the production thereof |
| US4968527A (en) * | 1986-06-24 | 1990-11-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for the manufacture of pyrolytic graphite with high crystallinity and electrodes with the same for rechargeable batteries |
-
1990
- 1990-10-13 GB GB909022267A patent/GB9022267D0/en active Pending
-
1991
- 1991-09-12 GB GB9119587A patent/GB2248636A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB979467A (en) * | 1961-07-14 | 1965-01-06 | Philips Electronic Associated | Improvements in or relating to methods of coating a molybdenum wire with a layer of carbon |
| GB1146015A (en) * | 1966-03-11 | 1969-03-19 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of nuclear fuel |
| US4873115A (en) * | 1982-08-13 | 1989-10-10 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo K.K. | Method of sythesizing carbon film and carbon particles in a vapor phase |
| EP0157212A2 (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-09 | American Cyanamid Company | Articles coated with adherent diamondlike carbon films |
| US4968527A (en) * | 1986-06-24 | 1990-11-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for the manufacture of pyrolytic graphite with high crystallinity and electrodes with the same for rechargeable batteries |
| EP0278480A2 (en) * | 1987-02-10 | 1988-08-17 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Microwave enhanced cvd method for coating plastic articles with carbon film |
| US4935303A (en) * | 1987-10-15 | 1990-06-19 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Novel diamond-like carbon film and process for the production thereof |
| EP0353934A1 (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1990-02-07 | Fujikura Ltd. | Optical fiber and apparatus for producing same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9022267D0 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
| GB9119587D0 (en) | 1991-10-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |