GB2245218A - Cellular window insulation and method for its application - Google Patents

Cellular window insulation and method for its application Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2245218A
GB2245218A GB9109051A GB9109051A GB2245218A GB 2245218 A GB2245218 A GB 2245218A GB 9109051 A GB9109051 A GB 9109051A GB 9109051 A GB9109051 A GB 9109051A GB 2245218 A GB2245218 A GB 2245218A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
cellular
window
insulation
bubble
base sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB9109051A
Other versions
GB9109051D0 (en
Inventor
Eugene Emmanuel Cepeda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of GB9109051D0 publication Critical patent/GB9109051D0/en
Publication of GB2245218A publication Critical patent/GB2245218A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
    • E06B3/28—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement with additional removable glass panes or the like, framed or unframed
    • E06B3/285—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement with additional removable glass panes or the like, framed or unframed flexible transparent foils without a proper frame fixed and sealed at a distance from the existing glass pane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating

Abstract

A cellular window insulation composed of a plastic sheet material 18 having incorporated a plurality of closely spaced bubbles 24, each bubble of which containing entrapped air. The aforesaid cellular window insulation has a resemblance to bubbled sheet polyethylene packaging material. However, it is preferred that the cross-section of each bubble be kept small so as to result in minimization of bubble breakage at the periphery of the cellular window insulation when it has been cut to fit a particular window pane. However further, an adhesive 32 is provided on either the bubble side or the base side of the cellular window insulation in order to facilitate attachment thereof to the window pane. According to a preferred method of application, the bubble side of the cellular window insulation is attached to a window pane, the bubble tops flatly conforming to the glass of the window pane. <IMAGE>

Description

CELLULAR WINDOW INSULATION AND METHOD FOR ITS APPLICATION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention: The present invention is related to auxiliary window insulation devices, and more particularly to a cellular window insulation which attaches adjacent a standard window pane.
2. Description of the Prior Art: As people become increasingly more conscious of the need for improved energy efficiency, and as the cost of heating fuel climbs ever higher, building owners have opted to install auxiliary window insulation devices in order to greatly decrease heat loss (or heat gain) through window panes. It is well known in the art that window glass is typically very thin in relation to its large surface area so that heat loss (or heat gain) by heat transfer through the glass window pane is generally quite large. Indeed, heat loss through window panes can be a major source of heating bills, and heat gain through window panes can be a major source of air conditioning bills. It is also well known in the prior art that heat transfer can be greatly curtailed if the cross-section through which heat is transferring has high insulative properties.Gases, such as air, are very good thermal insulators, and this property has been utilized in prior art window insulation devices, as will be discussed immediately below.
A first typical device of this sort is a storm window which is spaced a short distance from the building window and serves the dual purpose of providing a second glass-insulation barrier and of providing a dead air space between the window pane and the storm window. A draw-back of providing a storm window for each building window is that storm windows require frames for their installation and the whole of the frame and the storm window are rather expensive.
A second typical device of this sort is a multi-component window, commonly referred to as "thermal pane" windows. These windows are composed of at least two side-by-side window panes that are separated from each other by a small distance. The space between them usually has air, but in a more expensive variety the space therebetween is evacuated to some degree. While this type of window is attractive from the standpoint of installation and maintenance, for practical purposes these windows are simply too expensive for most applications.
In the prior art there has been addressed, to some degree, the need to provide an inexpensive window insulator.
For instance, W. K. Langdon, in his book "Movable Insulation", reports of a product called "Warm-In Drapery Liner" made by Conservation Concepts, Ltd. of Vermont, in which a curtain is composed of an interior facing decorative fabric, an adjacent layer of multi-bubble polyethylene (the kind used for packaging), and an adjacent exterior facing sun-resistant fabric. Of course, being that this structure is a curtain, it is intended to be spaced from the window pane, itself.
Also, there are several U.S. Patents that address the concept of an inexpensive auxiliary window insulation. U.S. Patent 3,330,330 to Sanderson, dated July 11, 1967, discloses an auxiliary window insulator composed of a criss-cross of straps onto each side of which is secured a plastic film. U.S.
Patent 4,103,728 to Burdette et al, dated August 1, 1978, and U.S. Patent 4,399,640 to Porter, dated August 23, 1983, each disclose a system for mounting a plastic sheet to a frame located adjacent the frame of the window pane. U.S. Patent 4,347,887 to Brown, dated September 7, 1982 discloses a shutter for a window constructed of a vertical series of folds which attach back on each adjacent fold. Finally, U.S. Patent 4,878,258 to Casey, dated November 7, 1989, discloses a modular window insulation system, each module is pillow-like square and is composed of two flexible sheets which are mutually separated by an insulator, with all peripheral edges of the flexible sheets joined together. The modules are each independent of one another and are mutually joined by ties or snaps.
While each of the proposed solutions for providing an auxiliary window insulation system will work to some degree, there remains the problem of complexity, difficulty of installation, and generally undesirably high cost.
Accordingly, what is needed in the prior art is a simple, inexpensive, easily installed auxiliary window insulation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a cellular window insulation composed of a plastic sheet material having incorporated a plurality of closely spaced bubbles, each bubble of which containing entrapped air. The aforesaid cellular window insulation has a resemblance to bubbled sheet polyethylene packaging material. However, it is preferred that the cross-section of each bubble be kept small so as to result in minimization of bubble breakage at the periphery of the cellular window insulator when it has been cut to fit a particular window pane. However further, it is preferred that an adhesive be provided on either the bubble side or the sheet side of the cellular window insulator to facilitate attachment to the window pane.
Thus, the cellular window insulator according to the present invention provides for excellent insulation across the window pane to which it is attached by providing a significant dead air space, as well as the inherent thermal insulation property of the plastic sheet itself. Further, the cellular window insulation may be constructed of a clear material so as not to significantly decrease light transmission through the window pane. When the bubble side of the cellular insulator is placed adjacent the window pane, then both the bubbles and the spaces between the bubbles serve to provide dead air spaces, thereby particularly serving to ensure thermal insulation of the window pane.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a window insulation which is cellular, in that it is composed of a plastic sheet having incorporated a plurality of bubbles containing entrapped air.
It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a cellular window insulator which is easily cut to size for any window pane, is easily attached to the window pane, and is very inexpensive.
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide for a method of attaching a cellular window insulator to a window so as to provide dead air insulation via the bubble of each cell, as well as the space between the bubble of each cell.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a cellular window insulator that is easily applied and easily removed from the window pane to which it is attached.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a cellular window insulator having low air pressure bubbles which may conform to the flat surface of a window pane when presented thereto for purposes of attachment.
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide a cellular window insulator having bubbles which have a cross-section small enough to provide excellent thermal insulation, yet ensure that only a minimal of surface area of the cellular window insulator will be adversely affected by cutting when being sized to fit a pre-selected window pane.
It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a cellular window insulation having a plurality of bubbles of a pre-determined shape, including spaces other than circular so as to minimize spacing between adjacent bubbles.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a cellular window insulation having a solar reflective property.
These, and additional objects, advantages, features and benefits of the present invention will become apparent from the following specification.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a part sectional perspective view of the cellular window insulation according to the present invention, shown in operation.
Figure 2 is a cut-away sectional side view of the cellular window insulation shown in operation, seen along lines 2-2 in Figure 1, in which the bubble side is adjacent the window.
Figure 3 is a detail plan view of the cellular window insulator according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a cut-away sectional side view of the cellular window insulation seen along lines 4-4 in Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a cut-away sectional side view of the cellular window insulation according to the present invention shown in operation, in which the sheet side is adjacent the window.
Figure 6 is a cut-away sectional side view of the second sheet used for forming the cellular window insulation according to the present invention, showing the pockets associated therewith.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to the Drawing, Figure 1 shows generally the cellular window insulator 10 according to the present invention in operation adjacent a window pane 12. It will be seen from Figure 1 that it is preferred for the cellular insulator 10 to be cut to size to fit the dimensions of the window pane 12, in this case both the upper and lower window panes of the window 14, and that it is further preferred for the cellular insulation 10 to be placed immediately adjacent the window pane 12.
Referring now to Figures 2 and 3 the structural details of the cellular window insulation 10 will be described.
The cellular window insulation 10 is composed generally of a plastic material 16, having incorporated a plurality of air entrapped bubbles 18. A preferred structure to carry-out this physical arrangement is to provide a base sheet 20 onto which is bonded a second sheet 22 having a large number of pockets 21 (see Figure 6) facing away from the base sheet 20. When these two sheets 20 and 22 are bonded together, a bubble 18 is formed wherever there is a pocket 21 in the second sheet 22. Bonding of the two sheets 20 and 22 is performed everywhere in the space between the bubbles wherever each of the two films make mutual contact 23, so that air 24 is entrapped within each bubble 18. A preferred material of construction is polyethylene, and the bonding is accomplished in a manner well known in the plastics art.An example of such a structure, generally, is the very common packaging material made of polyethylene having a large number of air entrapped bubbles.
While an example of the kind of structure of the cellular insulation 10 is indicated by the aforesaid packaging material, it is, however, preferred for the bubbles 18 of the cellular insulation 10 to be constructed with smaller bubbles than those of the aforesaid packaging material. The reason for this is that when the cellular insulation 10 is cut to fit the dimensions of a particular window pane, many of the bubbles at the edge where cutting is performed will be pierced, rendering them less efficient as a dead air space provider.
Accordingly, by dimensioning the bubbles 18 to have a smaller cross-section 26, less of the total surface area of the cellular insulation 10 will be affected adversely by the cutting process. Of course, on the other hand, it is desirable for the bubbles to be larger in order to provide excellent heat insulation properties. Therefore, it is preferred for the bubbles 18 to be of small cross-section 26, have the tops 18' of the bubbles spaced 28 as far as practicable from the base sheet 20, and have as many bubbles, with small spacing therebetween 30, as is reasonably possible. A preferred bubble cross-section 26 is on the order of 1 to 1.5 centimeters or smaller.
In order to provide for easy, uniformly secure and simple connection of the cellular window insulator 10 to the window pane 12, an adhesive 32 is provided on the side of the cellular insulation 10 which is intended for interfacing with the window pane 12. It will be seen by reference to Figure 2, that the adhesive 32 is applied to a selective number of or, alternatively to all of, the bubble tops 18' when it is desired to secure the cellular insulation 10 to the window pane 12 with the bubble side facing the window pane. On the other hand, when it is desired to interface the base sheet 20 with the window pane 12, as shown in Figure 5, then the adhesive is applied generally, or selectively, upon the base sheet 20. One preferred type of adhesive is rubber cement made by Borden, Inc.Other preferred types of adhesive are: plastic adhesive No. 4475 made by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co.; Silaprene M-6197 and Silaprene M-6555, each manufactured by Uniroyal Plastics Co. (Silaprene being a trademark of Uniroyal Plastics Co.); and acrylic adhesives. It is desired that the adhesive result in a substantially clear interface between the window pane 12 and the sheet 20 or 22, and that the cellular insulation 10 be removable with a certain degree of ease from the window pane 12, when that time comes in the future. Further, it is preferred that the adhesive be waterproof and durable (lasting at least six months).
Generally, it is desired that the sheets 20 and 22 which compose the cellular insulation 10 be clear, or at least translucent when light transmission is desired. Further, is is preferred for the air 24 within the bubbles 18 to be at relatively low pressure relative to atmospheric, so that when the bubble tops 18' are secured against the window pane 12, the bubble tops 18t will generally conform to the flat surface of the window pane, as shown in Figure 2. Still further, it is preferred to provide a solar reflective property 34 upon either the base sheet 20 or the secondary sheet 22 so as to minimize the possibility of heat transfer by radiation through the cellular window insulation.
Generally, the solar reflective property would be applied to the side of the cellular window insulation that most frequently is subjected to higher temperature than the other side. The solar reflective property may be in the form of a coating, such as a silvered coating, or may be incorporated directly into the material of the cellular window insulation sheet or sheets 20 and 22 in a manner known to the plastics art. In Figure 2, it is assumed that the room interior is usually hottest, so the solar reflective property 34 is applied to the base sheet 20. Alternatively, the cellular window insulation 10 may be constructed so as to be opaque, thereby eliminating, or at least substantially reducing, heat transfer by radiation through the cellular window insulation 10.
Now, according to the method of the present invention of applying the cellular insulation 10 to a window pane 12, the following steps are involved.
Firstly, the cellular window insulation 10 is cut to match generally the dimensions of the window pane to which it is to be adjacently located. Next, the adhesive is readied for application to the window pane, either by applying it to the cellular- insulation 10 or the window pane 12, or by removing a backing from the cellular window insulation which thereby exposes a pre-applied adhesive in a manner well known to the art of adhesives. Now, if the base sheet side is to contact the window pane, then the base sheet is carefully positioned relative to the window pane and then the cellular insulation is pressed against the window pane in order to activate the adhesive between the base sheet 20 and the window pane.Now, if the bubbles are to contact the window pane, again the cellular insulation 10 is carefully positioned relative to the window pane and then the cellular insulation is pressed against the window pane in order to activate the adhesive between the bubble tops 18' and the window pane. In this latter attachment mode with the bubbles interfacing with the window pane, the space 30 between the bubbles 18 will now serve as a dead air space insulator in the manner generally as that of the bubbles 18.
To those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains, the above described preferred embodiment may be subject to change or modification.
For instance, the bubbles 18 can be made of any arbitrary shape, such as being square. Such shapes other than circular can provide for closer packing of the bubbles. Further, for instance, the sheets 20 and 22 can be made of differing colors and have designs embossed or otherwise placed upon them for adding a decorative element to the cellular window insulation 10. Such change or modification can be carried out without departing from the scope of the invention, which is intended to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims

Claims (19)

1. A cellular window insulation for insulating a window pane, said cellular window insulation comprising: a base sheet; a secondary sheet bonded at pre-selected locations to said base sheet, said secondary sheet having a plurality of pockets which face away from said base sheet, each pocket of said plurality of pockets in combination with said base sheet forming an air tight bubble after said secondary sheet has been bonded to said base sheet, each said bubble having air trapped therein, said air being trapped within each said bubble by said bonding of said base sheet to said secondary sheet at said pre-selected locations; and adhesive means applied to one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet for adhesively bonding said one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet to the window pane.
2. The cellular window insulation of Claim 1, wherein each said bubble has a top, wherein further said adhesive means is applied to at least a pre-selected number of said bubble tops.
3. The cellular window insulation of Claim 2, wherein said air within each said bubble is at a low gas pressure relative to atmospheric pressure so that said bubble tops may generally conform flatly to said window pane as said cellular window insulation is adhered to said window pane by said adhesive means.
4. The cellular window insulation of Claim 3, wherein said adhesive means provides for a substantially clear bond between said one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet and said window pane.
5. The cellular window insulation of Claim 4, wherein said adhesive means provides for a durable, waterproof bond between said one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet and said window pane.
6. The cellular window insulation of Claim 5, wherein each of said base sheet and said secondary sheet are constructed of a substantially clear plastic film material.
7. The cellular window insulation of Claim 6, further comprising solar reflective means connected with at least one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet for minimizing heat transfer across said cellular window insulation by radiation.
8. The cellular window insulation of Claim 7, wherein said bubbles have a pre-determined cross-sectional shape which permits a closer spacing therebetween than would be possible for bubbles having a circularly shaped cross-section.
9. The cellular window insulation of Claim 1, wherein each said bubble is closely spaced relative to its adjacent bubbles, further wherein each said bubble has a pre-determined cross-section which provides for a relatively small proportion of said bubbles being pierced when said cellular window insulation is cut in order to conform it to the dimensions of the window pane.
10. The cellular window insulation of Claim 9, wherein said adhesive means provides for a substantially clear bond between said one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet and said window pane.
11. The cellular window insulation of Claim 10, wherein said adhesive means provides for a durable, waterproof bond between said one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet and said window pane.
12. The cellular window insulation of Claim 11, wherein each of said base sheet and said secondary sheet are constructed of a substantially clear plastic film material.
13. The cellular window insulation of Claim 12, further comprising solar reflective means connected with at least one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet for minimizing heat transfer across said cellular window insulation by radiation.
14. The cellular window insulation of Claim 13, wherein said bubbles have a predetermined cross-sectional shape which permits a closer spacing therebetween than would be possible for bubbles having a circularly shaped cross-section.
15. A cellular window insulation for insulating a window pane, said cellular window insulation comprising: a base sheet; a secondary sheet bonded at pre-selected locations to said base sheet, said secondary sheet having a plurality of pockets which face away from said base sheet, each pocket of said plurality of pockets in combination with said base sheet forming an air tight bubble after said secondary sheet has been bonded to said base sheet, each said bubble having air trapped therein, said air being trapped within each said bubble by said bonding of said base sheet to said secondary sheet at said pre-selected locations; solar reflective means connected with at least one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet for minimizing heat transfer across said cellular window insulation by radiation; and adhesive means applied to one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet for adhesively bonding said one of said base sheet and said secondary sheet to the window pane.
16. A method for applying a cellular window insulation to a window pane, said method comprising the steps of: providing a cellular window insulation having a plurality of air entrapped bubbles in which the air within each said bubble is at a low gas pressure relative to atmospheric pressure, each of said bubbles having a bubble top; applying an adhesive to at least a pre-selected number of said bubble tops; aligning said cellular window insulation with respect to said window pane so that said cellular window insulation covers at least a selected portion of said window pane, said step of aligning including orienting said bubble tops toward said window pane; and pressing said cellular window insulation against said window pane so as to cause said bubble tops to flatly conform to said window pane and to further cause said adhesive to adhesively bond said cellular window insulation with respect to said window pane.
17. The method of Claim 16, further comprising, after said step of providing a cellular window insulation, the step of cutting said cellular window insulation in order to provide for said cellular window insulation covering said at least a selected portion of said window pane.
18. The method of Claim 17, wherein said step of cutting involves said selected portion of said window pane being substantially the entire surface area of said window pane.
19. A cellular window insulation substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to ' accompanying drawings
GB9109051A 1990-05-03 1991-04-26 Cellular window insulation and method for its application Withdrawn GB2245218A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US51811990A 1990-05-03 1990-05-03

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Publication Number Publication Date
GB9109051D0 GB9109051D0 (en) 1991-06-12
GB2245218A true GB2245218A (en) 1992-01-02

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GB9109051A Withdrawn GB2245218A (en) 1990-05-03 1991-04-26 Cellular window insulation and method for its application

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GB (1) GB2245218A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5809737A (en) * 1994-12-16 1998-09-22 British Aerospace Plc Structural parts for use in aircraft
EP1329310A1 (en) * 2002-01-19 2003-07-23 British Sisalkraft Limited Insulating material

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1491673A (en) * 1974-11-25 1977-11-09 Bentsfield Air Conditioning Lt Glazing
EP0069532A2 (en) * 1981-07-08 1983-01-12 Matthew Hiscock A composite material
GB2107769A (en) * 1981-10-02 1983-05-05 Brooks G R P Accrington Limite Light transmitting panel
US4533583A (en) * 1981-05-22 1985-08-06 May Michael G Thermal insulating mat

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1491673A (en) * 1974-11-25 1977-11-09 Bentsfield Air Conditioning Lt Glazing
US4533583A (en) * 1981-05-22 1985-08-06 May Michael G Thermal insulating mat
EP0069532A2 (en) * 1981-07-08 1983-01-12 Matthew Hiscock A composite material
GB2107769A (en) * 1981-10-02 1983-05-05 Brooks G R P Accrington Limite Light transmitting panel

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5809737A (en) * 1994-12-16 1998-09-22 British Aerospace Plc Structural parts for use in aircraft
US6039239A (en) * 1994-12-16 2000-03-21 British Aerospace Plc Method of manufacturing structural parts, particularly for use in aircraft
EP1329310A1 (en) * 2002-01-19 2003-07-23 British Sisalkraft Limited Insulating material

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Publication number Publication date
CA2041458A1 (en) 1991-11-04
GB9109051D0 (en) 1991-06-12

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