GB2241957A - Purification of chicle or jelutong - Google Patents
Purification of chicle or jelutong Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2241957A GB2241957A GB9102612A GB9102612A GB2241957A GB 2241957 A GB2241957 A GB 2241957A GB 9102612 A GB9102612 A GB 9102612A GB 9102612 A GB9102612 A GB 9102612A GB 2241957 A GB2241957 A GB 2241957A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- chicle
- jelutong
- resin
- ethyl alcohol
- gum base
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 240000001794 Manilkara zapota Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 235000011339 Manilkara zapota Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229920001412 Chicle Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 240000000896 Dyera costulata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 125000005909 ethyl alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 235000010985 glycerol esters of wood rosin Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000899 Gutta-Percha Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000000342 Palaquium gutta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000588 gutta-percha Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LOVYCUYJRWLTSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy)-n,n-diethylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 LOVYCUYJRWLTSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002636 Manilkara bidentata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001495453 Parthenium argentatum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016302 balata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008368 mint flavor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfate decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RSIJVJUOQBWMIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/06—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G4/08—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds of the chewing gum base
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/02—Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration
- C08C1/04—Purifying; Deproteinising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09F—NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; OIL DRYING AGENTS, i.e. SICCATIVES; TURPENTINE
- C09F1/00—Obtaining purification, or chemical modification of natural resins, e.g. oleo-resins
- C09F1/02—Purification
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
Abstract
Chicle or jelutong as a natural resin can be efficiently separate from a tree sap containing chicle or jelutong and purified without causing a substantial loss in the flavour and rubber elasticity of the resin, thus enabling a product to be prepared that is highly suitable for incorporation into a chewing gum base. In this method a liquid which is a non-solvent for chicle and/or jelutong and is miscible with water is added under atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure to the tree sap containing chicle or jelutong at a temperature of 0-90 DEG C and a solid phase containing chicle or jelutong is separated from the liquid phase. The preferred liquid is ethyl alcohol or a hydrous ethyl alcohol.
Description
METHOD OF SEPARATING NATURAL RESINS,
SEPARATED NATURAL RESINS AND USAGE THEREOF
The present invention relates to a method by which the chicle or jelutong content and water are separated from a tree sap containing chicle or jelutong said sap having fine particles of chicle, Jelutong and other natural resins such as rubber hydrocarbons dispersed in the serum of the sap, and to the separated natural resins and to the usage thereof.
Chicle, a natural resin chiefly produced in Central and South America, is conventionally separated from the water-rich sap of the sapodilla by the following procedure: the sap is concentrated by direct heating in an open cooker until the water content is reduced to 30% or below by evaporation; the-residuum is cast into a mold and allowed to solidify.
Jelutong, a natural resin chiefly produced in
Southeast Asia, is separated after it has been coagulated with acids, alum or other suitable coagulants.
The above-described methods commonly employed to separate natural resins have various inherent defects. The method used to separate chicle employs prolonged treatments and hence is very low in process efficiency. In addition, since prolonged treatments at elevated temperatures cause a substantial loss in flavor. rubber elasticity and other important features of the chicle. One of the more obvious signs of deterioration in chicle caused by direct heating is a resulting acrid smell. Second, the rubber content is decomposed by heat, causing a decrease in elasticity and hence viscosity. Thirdly, the resin itself assumes a dark brown color. The method used to separate jelutong requires the step of cleaning off the coagulant, typically by washing the resin with water after it has been melted by subjection to prolonged heating, in a kneader or some other device under agitation.This causes the same problems as occur in the method of chicle separation, i.e., an acrid smell, decrease in rubber elasticity and viscosity due to decomposition of the rubber content by heating, and a dark brown color.
If the chicle or jelutong separated by these methods is incorporated as the chief component of a chewing gum base, the resulting chewing will not be viscous and will easily stick to artificial teeth and in addition will have an acrid smell. Further, the dark brown color of the natural resins imparts a black tinge to the chewing gum, whereby its commercial value is lowered.
The present invention has been accomplished in order to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art and its principal object is to provide a method by which chicle or jelutong as a natural resin can be efficiently separated and purified from a tree sap containing chicle or jelutong without causing substantial loss in the flavor and rubber elasticity of the resin, so as to prepare a product that is highly suitable for incorporation in a chewing gum base.
The present invention provides a method by which in a tree sap containing chicle or jelutong, the chicle or jelutong content and water are separated, such from a sap having fine particles of chicle, jelutong and other natural resins such as rubber hydrocarbons dispersed in its serum.
In this method, a substance that is miscible with the serum of the sap and which is a non-solvent for the fine particles of chicle, jelutong and other natural resins such as rubber hydrocarbons is added at O - 90"C under atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure in a sufficient amount thereof, whereby the chicle or jelutong is separated form the serum. The method does not involve a treatment in which a tree sap containing chicle or jelutong is heated at high temperatures for a prolonged period of time as in the prior art.Stated more specifically, ethyl alcohol or a hydrous ethyl alcohol, each of which is a substance that is miscible with the serum of the sap and is a non-solvent for the fine particles of chicle or jelutong, is added at either atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure to the serum of the sap in which chicle or jelutong is dispersed as colloidal particles. Since such a non-solvent substance which does not dissolve the solid resin content is added, the solubility of the resin is sufficiently lowered thus enabling it to be obtained as a solid phase. Any compound can be added as a non-solvent if it is miscible with water and does not dissolve the chicle or jelutong resin. Hence, methyl alcohol might be used in place of ethyl alcohol and a hydrous ethyl alcohol.In fact, however, ethyl alcohol and a hydrous ethyl alcohol are best suited since they are compounds the use of which as food additives is permitted by law.
The resin obtained as a solid phase is cast into a mold and subsequently cooled to allow it to solidify.
Alternatively, the resin may be molded to a desired shape such as a sheet.
As will be apparent from the above explanation, the method of the present invention does not include a heating step which is necessary in the prior art. Because of the absence of a heating step, neither loss of flavor due to evaporation nor thermal decomposition of the rubber content will occur and a natural resin that is more fragrant and elastic than that of the prior art versions, that will experience less deterioration of the natural ingredients and that has a high degree of whiteness can be obtained in a short period of time.
If the hydrous ethyl alcohol to be added to the chicle- or jelutong-containing sap has a concentration of 95 v/v% or higher, it is preferably used in an amount at least 0.25 times the amount of the sap. The time required to separate chicle decreases with the increasing amount hydrous ethyl alcohol. However, the separating ability of the hydrous alcohol itself will not improve with an increase in the amount added, so it is preferable to select an economical range.
The concentration of the hydrous ethyl alcohol is preferably at least 50 v/v%. At such low concentrations, the hydrous ethyl alcohol is preferably added in an amount at least equal to that of the sap. A particularly effective hydrous ethyl alcohol is an aqueous solution having a concentration of 60 - 80 v/v% since it has not only a separating action but also a strong sterilizing action.
When the solidified chicle resin is dried, the resin containing a mixed solution of ethyl alcohol and water may be compressed with a press to recover the mixed solution of ethyl alcohol and water. After the chicle or jelutong resin, i.e., the solids content of the chicle- or jelutongcontaining sap, is separated from the mixed solution of ethyl alcohol and water by the method described above, the mixed solution of ethyl alcohol and water may be dehydrated with a suitable agent such as Glauber's salt. This is an economical way to implement the present invention since the dehydrated product can be recycled for another use.
A chewing gum base incorporating the natural resin obtained by-the method described above is more elastic and provides a better texture than a gum base using natural resins produced by conventional methods. This is because the former gum base is free from any thermal decomposition of the rubber content. Further, a ehewing gum using a gum base incorporating the natural resin obtained by the method of the present invention has a rich flavor. This is because it is free not only from dissipation of the flavor of the natural resin due to thermal evaporation, but also from an acrid smell that would otherwise develop on account of overheating.
As a further advantage, the natural resin obtained by the method of the present invention enables the formation of a gum base that will stick less to artificial teeth. This is because the natural ingredients of the natural resin are not decomposed with heat and the required inherent properties of the natural resin that were previously lost by heating are retained thus insuring the formation of a chewing gum base that has a very high commercial value. A combination of the chicle and jelutong resins obtained by the method of the present invention in a gum base improves the richness and elasticity of a chewing gum employing the gum base.In addition, the method of the present invention contributes to great labor saving and a marked improvement in production rate; the prior art methods require as may as 3 to 4 hours to concentrate the sap but in accordance with the present invention, about 30 minutes suffices to obtain the desired product in an amount which is at least equal to that produced by the prior art.
Further, usual natural resins which are used in a conventional gum base may, if desirable, be incorporated in the chicle resin and/or jelutong resin obtained by the method of the present invention. Such usual natural resins include gutta percha, gutta katiau, gutta hang kang, guayule, natural rubber, sorva, sorvinba, chilte, nispero, balata, perillo, rosidinha and the like.
The method of the present invention can be practiced in a very simple way. Three examples of treating the chiclecontaining sap by the method of the present invention are described below.
Example 1
The chicle-containing sap of a sapodilla tree was collected in a container and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to remove any dust present in the sap. To the stirred sap, an equal volume of 95 v/v hydrous ethyl alcohol was added at 30"C and under atmospheric pressure. As the hydrous ethyl alcohol was added, the solids content of the. chicle-containing sap was precipitated to solidify. The solids content of the sap could be completely solidified and separated by immersion in the hydrous ethyl alcohol for 15 - 20 minutes, The solidified chicle resin was recovered from the container, stretched into a sheet in a thickness of about 3 cm and dried with air.
The dried chicle resin was molded into a desired shape and worked into a final product.
Since its production process did not involve any heating step, the product thus obtained was much whiter than the conventional chicle and the chicle retained intact the flavor of the original chicle-containing sap. When it was chewed, it did not stick to teeth and had an elastic texture to a greater degree than the prior art product.
Example 2
As in Example 1, the chicle-containing sap of a sapodilla tree was collected in a container and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to remove any dust in the sap. In a separate step, a 95 v/v% hydrous ethyl alcohol was weighed in a container in an amount which was half the volume of the sap. To the hydrous ethyl alcohol, the chicle containing sap was added under agitation to solidify the chicle resin as a separate mass. The solidified chicle resin was recovered from the container, stretched into a sheet in a thickness of about 3 cm and dried with air. The dried chicle resin was molded into a desired shape and worked into final product.
Example 3
As in Example 1, the chicle-containing sap of a sapodilla tree was collected in a container and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to remove any dust in the sap. To the stirred sap, an equal volume of 50 v/v% hydrous ethyl alcohol was added at 20 C and under atmospheric pressure.
As the hydrous ethyl alcohol was added, the solids content of the chicle-containing sap was precipitated to solidify. The solids content of the sap could be substantially solidified and separated by immersion in the hydrous ethyl alcohol for 15 - 20 minutes. Since the concentration of the hydrous ethyl alcohol used in Example 3 was lower than that used in Example 1, the residual sap still contained rubber hydrocarbons and-other fine particulate resin components. Thus, in order to recover such residual resin components, an equal volume of 50 v/v% hydrous ethyl alcohol was added to the sap under agitation, whereby a second yield of chicle resin was obtained. The first and second yields of chicle resin. were combined and dried as in Example 1. The dried chicle resin was worked into a final product.
The chicle resins obtained in Examples 1, 2 and 3 were similar to one another in their color and physical properties.
Example 4
The jelutong-containing sap of a jelutong tree was collected in a container and adjusted its viscosity by adding water to the sap prior to passing through a 100-mesh sieve to remove any dust present in the sap. To the stirred sap, an equal volume of 95 v/v hydrous ethyl alcohol was added at 30"C and under atmospheric pressure. As the hydrous ethyl alcohol was added, the solids content of the jelutongcontaining sap was precipitated to solidify. The solids content of the sap could be completely solidified and separated by immersion in the hydrous ethyl alcohol for 15 20 minutes. The solidified jelutong resin was recovered from the container, stretched into a sheet in a thickness of about 3 cm and dried with air. The dried jelutong resin was molded into a desired shape and worked into a final product.
Since its production process did not involve any heating step for washing, the product thus obtained was much whiter than the conventional felutong and the jelutong retained intact the flavor of the original jelutongcontaining sap.
Example 5
The chicle resin obtained in Example 1 was incorporated into a chewing gum base, from which a chewing gum was produced by a conventional procedure. Another chewing gum was prepared from a gum base containing the chicle resins obtained by the conventional method. The two gums were subjected to an organoleptic test. The formulas of the two chewing gums are shown in Table 1-1, and the results of the organoleptic test are shown in Table 1-2.
Table 1-1
Gum base formula 1-A (wt%) Gum base formula 1-B (wt%) chicle resin obtained chicle resin obtained by by the prior art- 25 the present invention 25 polyvinyl acetate 25 polyvinyl acetate 25 polyisobutylene 12 polyisobutylene 12 monoglyceride 3 monoglyceride 3 microcrystalline wax 8 microcrystalline wax 8 calcium carbonate 12 calcium carbonate 12 ester gum 15 ester gum 15
Total 100 Total 100
Gum formula (wt%)
gum base 1-A or l-B 20
- powder sugar 54
glucose 15
syrup 8
glycerin 2
mint flavor 1
Total 100
Table 1-2
Gum formula 1-A Gum formula 1-B
(containing (containing
gum base 1-A) gum base 1-B)
Chewiness 3.5 4.6
Richness 3 4.7
Elasticity 3.5 4.6 Volume 3 4.3
Adherence to teeth 2.3 4.8
Balance of flavor 3.4 4.6
Acrid smell 2.9 4.7
Taste 3.8 4.7
Example 6
The jelutong resin obtained in Example 4 was incorporated into a chewing gum base, from which a chewing gum was produced by a conventional procedure. Another chewing gum was prepared from a gum base containing the jelutong resins obtained by the conventional method. The formulas of the two chewing gums are shown in Table 2-1, and the results of the organoleptic test are shown in Table 2-2.
Table 2-1
Gum base formula 2-A (wt%) Gum base formula 2-B (woe) jelutong resin obtained jelutong resin obtained by the prior art 25 by the present invention 25 polyvinyl acetate 25 polyvinyl acetate 25 polyisobutylene 12 polyisobutylene 12 monoglyceride 3 monoglyceride 3 microcrystalline wax 8 microcrystalline wax 8 calcium carbonate 12 calcium carbonate 12 ester gum 15 ester gum 15
Total 100 Total 100
The gum formula is based on the formula of Table 1-1 above.
Table 2-2
Gum formula 2-A Gum formula 2-B
(containing (containing
gum base 2-A) gum base 2-B)
Chewiness - 3.0 3.9
Richness 2.5 3.7
Elasticity 2.9 3.7
Volume > 2.4 3.8
Adherence to teeth 2.5 4.0
Balance of flavor 2.7 3.5
Acrid smell 3.1 4.0
Taste 3.0 4.0
Example 7
A combination of the chicle resin obtained in Example 1 and the jelutong resin obtained in Example 4 was incorporated into a chewing gum base, from which a chewing gum was produced by a conventional procedure. Another chewing gum was prepared from a gum base containing a combination of the chicle and jelutong resins obtained by the conventional method. The two gums were subjected to an organoleptic test. The formula of the two chewing gums are shown in Table 3-1, and the results of the organoleptic test are shown in Table 3-2.
Table 3-1
Gum base formula 3-A (wt%) Gum base formula 3-B (wt%) chicle resin obtained chicle resin obtained by by the prior art 15 the present invention 15 jelutong resin obtained jelutong resin obtained by the prior art 10 by the present invention 10 polyvinyl acetate 25 polyvinyl acetate 25 polyisobutylene 12 polyisobutylene 12 monoglyceride ' 3 monoglyceride 3 microcrystalline wax 8 microcrystalline wax 8 calcium carbonate 12 calcium carbonate 12 ester gum 15 ester gum 15
Total 100 Total 100
The gum formula is based on the formula of Table 1-1 above.
Table 3-2
Gum formula 3-A Gum formula 3-B
(containing (containing
gum base 3-A) gum base 3-B)
Chewiness 3.1 4.6
Richness 2.9 4.8
Elasticity 3.3 4.8
Volume 2.5 4.3
Adherence to teeth 2.6 4.7
Balance of flavor 3.5 4.5
Acrid smell 3.2 4.5
Taste 3.5 4.7
Example 8
A combination of the mixture (usual natural resins) of gutta percha and sorva (weight ration of 4:1), the chicle resin obtained in Example 1 and the jelutong resin obtained in Example 4, from which a chewing gum was produced by a conventional procedure. Another chewing gum was prepared from a gum base containing a combination of the same components as the above except that the chicle and jelutong resins were replaced by those obtained by the conventional method.
The two gums were subjected to an organoleptic test. The formulas of the two chewing gums are shown in Table 4-1, and the results of the organoleptic test are shown in Table 4-2.
Table 4-1
Gum base formula 4-A (wt%) Gum base formula 4-B (wt%) chicle resin obtained chicle resin obtained by by the prior art 20 the present'invention 20 jelutong resin obtained jelutong resin obtained by the prior art 5 by the present invention 5 usual natural resins 5 usual natural resins 5 polyvinyl acetate 20 polyvinyl acetate 20 polyisobutylene 12 polyisobutylene 12 monoglyceride 3 monoglyceride 3 microcrystalline wax 8 microcrystalline wax 8 calcium carbonate 12 calcium carbonate 12 ester gum 15 ester gum 15
Total 100 Total 100
The gum formula is based on the formula of Table 1-1 above.
Table 4-2
Gum formula 4-A Gum formula 4-B
(containing (containing
gum base 4-A) gum base 4-B)
Chewiness 3.2 4.7
Richness 3.0
Elasticity 3.8 4.8
Volume 3.1 4.5
Adherence to teeth 2.8 4.8
Balance of flavor 3.6 4.6
Acrid smell 3.1 4.7
Taste 3.6 4.8
The Method of the Organoleptic Test:
The result consists of an average value from evaluations made with reference to five quality gradations by a panel of ten persons.
very good moderate fair poor good The chewing gum using a gum base that incorporated the chicle resin and/or jelutong resin obtained by the method of the present invention has the following advantages: it has a rich flavor; it is highly elastic and has a good texture; it has an attractive color; and it rarely sticks to artificial teeth. Because of these advantages which are offered by incorporating the chicle resin obtained by the method of the present invention, it becomes possible to provide a chewing gum of good quality that is acceptable to people of all ages and which hence has a higher commercial value.
Claims (10)
1. A method of separating natural resins comprising adding a liquid which is a non-solvent for chicle and/or jelutong and is miscible with water to a tree sap containing chicle or jelutong at a temperature of from O-9O0C under atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure and separating a solid phase containing said chicle or jelutong from the liquid phase.
2. A method of separating natural resins according to claim 1 wherein said liquid which is a non-solvent for chicle and/or jelutong and is miscible with water is ethyl alcohol or hydrous ethyl alcohol
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein ethyl alcohol or hydrous ethyl alcohol having a concentration of at least 50 V/V% is added in an amount at least equal to that of the tree sap containing chicle or j elutong.
4. A method according to claim 2 wherein hydrous ethyl alcohol having a concentration of at least 95 V/V% is added in a amount at least 0.25 times that of the tree sap containing chicle or jelutong.
5. A method according to claim 2 wherein a hydrous ethyl alcohol having a concentration of 60-80 V/V% is added to the tree sap containing chicle or jelutong.
6. A method as claimed in claim 1 substantially as described herein with particular reference to the Examples.
7. A natural resin consisting of a chicle resin or a jelutong resin that is separated from a treç sap containing chicle or jelutong by the method recited in any one of claims 1 to 6 and that retains the flavor and rubber elasticity of natural chicle or jelutong in a substantially.
intact state.
8. A chewing gum base comprising a chicle resin and/or a jelutong resin obtained by the method recited in any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A chewing gum base according to claim 8 additionally containing one or more conventional natural resins.
10. The use of chicle and/or jelutong resin obtained by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 in a chewing gum base.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4381590 | 1990-02-23 | ||
| JP2205444A JP2589861B2 (en) | 1990-02-23 | 1990-08-02 | Natural resin separation method |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9102612D0 GB9102612D0 (en) | 1991-03-27 |
| GB2241957A true GB2241957A (en) | 1991-09-18 |
| GB2241957B GB2241957B (en) | 1993-11-03 |
Family
ID=26383654
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9102612A Expired - Fee Related GB2241957B (en) | 1990-02-23 | 1991-02-07 | Method of separating natural resins,separated natural resins and usage thereof |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2241957B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX170853B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0633729A1 (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1995-01-18 | Wrigley W M Jun Co | A wax-free chewing gum with initial soft bite. |
| EP0652712A1 (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1995-05-17 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Improved wax-free low moisture chewing gum |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1327897A (en) * | 1971-04-02 | 1973-08-22 | Gen Foods Corp | Purification of gums |
-
1990
- 1990-09-18 MX MX2243290A patent/MX170853B/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-02-07 GB GB9102612A patent/GB2241957B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1327897A (en) * | 1971-04-02 | 1973-08-22 | Gen Foods Corp | Purification of gums |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0633729A1 (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1995-01-18 | Wrigley W M Jun Co | A wax-free chewing gum with initial soft bite. |
| EP0652712A1 (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1995-05-17 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Improved wax-free low moisture chewing gum |
| EP0633729A4 (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1995-06-14 | Wrigley W M Jun Co | A wax-free chewing gum with initial soft bite. |
| EP0652712A4 (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1996-08-28 | Wrigley W M Jun Co | Improved wax-free low moisture chewing gum. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2241957B (en) | 1993-11-03 |
| MX170853B (en) | 1993-09-20 |
| GB9102612D0 (en) | 1991-03-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |