GB2237865A - Maintaining drinking water at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid contamination - Google Patents
Maintaining drinking water at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid contamination Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2237865A GB2237865A GB9019586A GB9019586A GB2237865A GB 2237865 A GB2237865 A GB 2237865A GB 9019586 A GB9019586 A GB 9019586A GB 9019586 A GB9019586 A GB 9019586A GB 2237865 A GB2237865 A GB 2237865A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- water
- heating
- consumption
- storage
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 39
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/0073—Arrangements for preventing the occurrence or proliferation of microorganisms in the water
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/42—Details
- A47L15/4285—Water-heater arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
- F24D19/1069—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water regulation in function of the temperature of the domestic hot water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/14—Cleaning; Sterilising; Preventing contamination by bacteria or microorganisms, e.g. by replacing fluid in tanks or conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/223—Temperature of the water in the water storage tank
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
- F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)
- Washing And Drying Of Tableware (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
A small amount of drinking water is stored at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid a risk of contamination by Legionellae bacteria. A storage vessel (14) receives and stores heated water from a heat exchanger 2, which also supplies room heating equipment, and includes a secondary throughflow heat exchanger in the form of a smooth pipe coil (17) in which the water for consumption is heated by the heating water. A three-way valve (9) switches from a room-heating operation to the heating of water for consumption under the control of a control unit (8). An electric heating rod (33), which is adapted to be turned on independently of the control unit (8), is provided for heating the heating water in vessel (14) to compensate for heat losses occurring in storage, and this maintains the consumption water in coil 17 at the desired high temperature. <IMAGE>
Description
Process and apparatus for storing a small amount of drinking water at a
sufficientlv high temDerature _ The present invention relates to a process for storing a small amount of drinking water at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid a risk of contamination by Legionellae bacteria in a flow-through storage vessel, which is heatable by at least one heat source and comprises a secondary heat exchanger.
Previously proposed fluid storage vessels, such as a vessel for storing water for consumption, have been heated by means of two heat sources. For that purpose solar systems are often used which preheat the storage vessel under a base load whereas the final heating is effected by an electric heating cartridge or by a fuelfiring heat source.
In connection with strictly electrically heated storage vessels for water for consumption such fluid storage vessels have been provided with a plurality of heating registers in order to permit a heating of partial volumes of the storage vessel.
DE-A-3 716 430 describes a heat exchanger which comprises a cylindrical container for water for consumption and a pipe coil, which is accommodated in that container and is supplied with hot water by a circulating heating system. A heating rod is also accommodated in the cylindrical container and contributes to the heating of the water f or consumption. That system has the disadvantage that the water for consumption is stored in a cylindrical container which has a large volume although only a relatively small amount of water for consumption is required and is to be kept at a temperature which is as constant as possible. The combined water heaters described herein are built for preparing hot water and for room heating. That design is possible because the heat for heating the water for consumption is required only for a relatively short time, during which the room heating may be interrupted without a disadvantage.
Three phases of operation can be distinguished in the operation of such systems having a flow-through storage vessel:
The starting operation begins at the beginning of the tapping operation at the minimum tapping rate and is terminated when the heat exchanger has reached its full performance; the flow- through operation, which succeeds the thermal starting operation and permits a tapping of water for an unlimited time; and the recharging operation, by which the content of the storage vessel is kept at a stand-by temperature so that the initial deficit of the performance of the heat exchanger at the beginning of the tapping operation can be compensated.
In the use of such apparatus it has been conventional to store the water for consumption and to turn on the heater which is provided to compensate for the 11 heat losses which have occurred in storage. For that purpose the storage vessel had to be suitable for a storage of drinking water, switching means were required, and a considerable expenditure for automatic control equipment was involved because a distinction had to be made between the stated modes of operation for starting, flow-through operation and recharging. Besides, the risk of contamination by Legionellae bacteria was relatively high.
DE-A-3 618 186 discloses a water-distributing system for a mobile or stationary decontaminating plant, in which the water to be sterilized is caused to flow through a pipe coil arranged in a flow heater. But that water is not suitable for drinking water even though it may be used as shower water.
The temperature ranges and tapped-volume ranges differ correspondingly.
An aim of the present invention is to overcome at least partially the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide a reliable and economical process for heating water for consumption with a simple automatic control and an apparatus for car2ying out that process.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a process set out in the opening paragraph of the present specification in which the heating water is first heated and stored; thereafter the water for consumption, which is conducted in a small-volume system of the secondary heat exchanger, is heated, and the heat losses occurring in storage are compensated exclusively by heating from a second heat source, which is independent of the main heat source and which has an associated automatic 5 control.
The present invention extends to an apparatus for carrying out such a process, comprising a flow-through storage vessel, which is heatable by at least one heat source and intended for use with a combined water heater for heating water for consumption and for room heating, particularly for use with a gas-fired wall heating unit, comprising a secondary heat exchanger, in which the water for consumption is heated by the heating water, tap means provided with a water-directing controller, and a threeway valve for switching from a room-heating operation to the heating of water for consumption under the control of a control unit, in which the storage vessel serves to store heating water, which occupies the storage space and is stored therein, the water for consumption is conducted through the secondary heat exchanger, which consists of a smooth pipe coil, and an electric heating element, which is adapted to be turned on independently of the control unit, is provided for heating to compensate for heat losses which occur in storage.
I! As a result of the measure adopted in accordance with the present invention a small amount of drinking water can be stored at a sufficiently high temperature and this can be accomplished with a relatively small number of sensors, actuators and control elements. Besides, an electric reheating will afford advantages particularly during summer operation when it is not necessary to heat up the entire apparatus to its operating temperature when a recharging for about two minutes is required.
But also in winter operation, particularly in case of weather-dependent automatic control of the flow temperature, decisive advantages will be afforded by the independent preheating of the storage space, particularly when the heating circuit is operated at very low temperatures (for example with a low-temperature boiler, condensing boilers, or night operation at much lower temperatures). In that case the periodic heating of the apparatus to the storage temperature and the succeeding undesired temperature increase in the heating circuit may not be required.
Preferably, the heating water supply in the storage vessel is used as a buffer for bridging the initial delay and for damping the temperature fluctuations during the room-heating operation and during the heating of water for consumption, the flow line for supplying heating water to the storage vessel opens into the lower portion thereof and the flow of heating water is caused by deflecting plates to flow helically around a vertical guide tube, which coaxially surrounds the secondary heat exchanger at the bottom of the vessel, and in which the return line for the heating water is connected to the bottom of the vessel within the guide tube.
The thus directed flow of the heating water in the storage vessel will result in an effective smoothing 5 of the temperature fluctuations.
Advantageously, the electric heating element is operable independently of the control unit. The electric heating element may be an electric heating rod installed in the lower portion of the storage vessel and adapted to be operated independently of the automatic control unit by a thermostat switching system known per se, which consists of a temperature sensor and an automatic control switch, in response to a temperature drop of the heating water below a limit. That arrangement will ensure a fast and economical compensation of heat losses in storage.
The risk of contamination by Legoinellae bacteria can be suppressed in a particularly effective manner if the electric heating element is disposed inside the smooth pipe coil of the secondary heat exchanger.
An example of apparatus made in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, the only Figure of which is a diagrammatic elevational view of the apparatus.
With reference to that Figure, a combined water heater comprises a primary heat exchanger, which is heated by a burner 1 and comprises, for example, a finned special-steel heat exchanger 2, which is connected to a 1 1 return line 4, which is provided with a circulating pump 3, and to a flow line 5, which is provided with a flow temperature sensor 6. The latter is connected by a measured-value line 7 to one input of a control unit 8. A three-way valve 9 is incorporated in the return line 4 and is operable by a motor drive 10. The motor drive 10 for the three-way valve 9 is supplied with control power via a line 11 from the control unit 8. The three-way valve 9 is connected to a heating water return line 12, which comes from a heating system that is not shown and comprises, for example, radiators, and to a storage vessel return line 13, which leads back from the flow-through storage vessel 14 to the water heater. The flow line 5 is connected by a tee fitting to the flow line 15 for room heating and the flow line 16, which leads to the flow-through storage vessel 14.
The storage vessel 14 is designed as a storage vessel for heating water and provided with suitable insulation and contains a secondary heat exchanger 17 comprising, for example, a smooth pipe coil of copper tubing. The smooth pipe coil is coaxially surrounded by a guide tube 18, which is secured to the cover 19. The heating water from the flow line 16 is helically guided around that guide tube 18 by guide vanes 20. The port for connection to the return line 13 is provided at the cover within the guide tube 18.
A water-directing controller 21 comprising a temperature sensor 22 and a microswitch 23 is connected to the pipes of the secondary heat exchanger. During a tapping operation, when hot water is tapped down through the top of the line 24 for water f or consumption, cold water is supplied through the cold water line 25 past the water-directing controller 21. In response to the pressure difference, the microswitch 23 of the waterdirecting controller 21 delivers signals via the line 26 to the control unit 8 to initiate the heating of water for consumption.
The burner 1 is supplied with gas via a gas line 27, a gas valve 28, which is controlled by a solenoid actuator 29, and a gas controller. The solenoid actuator 29 is connected to the control unit 8 by a control line 31 and a fan 30 is connected to the control unit 8 by a line 32. Other means, not shown, which are associated with the burner 1, include an igniting device, a flame detector, and electrically connecting lines therefor.
Another heater comprising an electric heating rod 33 is arranged in the flow-through storage vessel 14. A temperature sensor 34 communicates via a capillary line 35 with a control switch 36. When the losses occurring in storage cause the temperature of the heating water in the storage vessel 14 to decrease below a predetermined limit, the control switch closes contacts 38 to connect the heating rod 33 to the mains 37 so that the heating rod 33 having a power of 0. 5 to 1 kW will compensate the losses 1 cl 1 which have occurred in storage. Master switches 39 and 40 are provided to permit the entire plant to be disconnected from the mains.
The f low-through storage vessel operation with an energy storage in the heating water and electric recharging will be performed as follows.
It is assumed that the storage vessel 14 has been heated up so that the two contacts 38 are opened. Owing to the losses occurring in storage, the thermostat switching means, comprising the temperature sensor 34 and the control switch 36, will close the contacts 38 after some time so that the contents of the storage vessel will be heated for a short time. When the desired temperature has been reached the temperature sensor 34 causes the control switch 36 to open the contacts 38 so that the heating rod 33 is de-energized.
The exclusive use of the electric heating rod 33 to reheat the contents of the storage vessel in order to compensate the losses occurring in storage is much less expensive than such heating by the burner. In the latter case the entire heating system inclusive of the piping would have to be heated to the operating temperature and the pump 3 would also have to be operated. The quantity of heat which would then have to be supplied to the system may be many times the quantity of heat which is required to keep the storage vessel 14 at its operating temperature.
For a tapping operation the micro-switch 23 of the water-directing controller 21 initiates the operation for heating the water for consumption. The control unit 8 causes the motor 10 to connect the threeway valve 9 to the charging circuit. At the same time the control unit 8 initiates the burner fan 30 after the scavenging time operates the gas valve 28 and the igniting device so that the burner 1 is started. The heat retained in the heating water supply in the storage vessel is available for bridging that initial delay and to damp the temperature fluctuations during an intermittent operation of the burner. The burner 1 is controlled by the flow temperature sensor 6 with the smallest possible hysteresis. After a tapping operation the microswitch 23 of the water-directing controller 21 turns off the burner. The operation of the circulating pump 3 is continued for a short time so that residual heat from the combustion chamber and the heat exchanger 2 will be carried away. The heating system will then assume a stand-by condition (during summer operation) or the control unit a causes the three-way valve 9 to be connected to the room-heating circuit and the heating system is operated in the roomheating mode (during winter operation).
It will be appreciated that the illustrated 25 apparatus is able to store a small amount of drinking water at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid a risk of contamination by Leqionallae bacteria.
1 The heating rod 33 may be disposed inside the smooth pipe coil of the secondary heat exchanger 17.
claims 1. A process for storing a small amount of drinking water at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid a risk of contamination by Legionellae bacteria in a flow-through storage vessel, which is heatable by at least one heat source and comprises a secondary heat exchanger, in which the heating water is f irst heated and stored; thereafter the water for consumption, which is conducted in a small-volume system of the secondary heat exchanger, is heated, and the heat losses occurring in storage are compensated exclusively by heating from a second heat source, which is independent of the main heat source and which has an associated automatic control.
2. Apparatus for carrying out the process according to claim 1, comprising a f low-through storage vessel, which is heatable by at least one heat source and intended for use with a combined water heater for heating water for consumption and for room heating, particularly for use with a gas-fired wall unit, comprising a secondary heat exchanger, in which the water for consumption is heated by the heating water, tap means provided with a water-directing controller, and a three-way valve for switching from a room-heating operation to the heating of water for consumption under the control of a control unit, in which the storage vessel serves to store heating water, which occupies the st6rage space and is stored therein, i a the water for consumption is conducted through the secondary heat exchanger, which consists of a smooth pipe coil, and an electric heating element, which is adapted to be turned on independently of the control unit, is provided for heating to compensate for heat losses which occur in storage.
An apparatus according to claim 2, in which the heating water supply in the storage vessel is used as a buffer for bridging the initial delay and for damping the temperature fluctuations during the room-heating operation and during the heating of water for consumption, the flow line for supplying heating water to the storage vessel opens into the lower portion thereof and the flow of heating water is caused by deflecting plates to flow helically around a vertical guide tube, which coaxially surrounds the secondary heat exchanger at the bottom of the vessel, and in which the return line for the heating water is connected to the bottom of the vessel within the guide tube.
4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or claim 3, in which the electric heating element isoperable independently of the control unit.
5. Apparatus according to any of claims 2 to 4, in which the electric heating element is disposed inside the smooth pipe coil of the secondary heat exchanger.
6. A process of storing a small amount of drinking water at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid a risk 1 - 14 of contamination by Legionellae bacteria, substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying, drawing.
7. Apparatus for storing a small amount of drinking water at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid a risk of contamination by Legionellae bacteria, substantially as described herein with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawing.
1 R 1991 ILL11be P OMM-'-Utc H 66171 High em. LondonWC1R47P. Further copies may be obtained from 11 1 UrAt 6. t. CIdnfach. Cross Keys, Newport. NPI 7FIZ Printed by Multiplex techniques lid, St Maiy Cray. Kent.
l
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0210589A AT397426B (en) | 1989-09-08 | 1989-09-08 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR STOCKING A SMALL QUANTITY OF DRINKING WATER AT A Sufficiently HIGH TEMPERATURE LEVEL |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9019586D0 GB9019586D0 (en) | 1990-10-24 |
| GB2237865A true GB2237865A (en) | 1991-05-15 |
| GB2237865B GB2237865B (en) | 1993-12-01 |
Family
ID=3527863
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9019586A Expired - Lifetime GB2237865B (en) | 1989-09-08 | 1990-09-07 | Process and apparatus for storing a small amount of drinking water at a sufficiently high temperature |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT397426B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE1004547A7 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4028490C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2651870B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2237865B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1246451B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL9001941A (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT400362B (en) * | 1991-11-04 | 1995-12-27 | Vaillant Gmbh | HEATER WITH A HEAT EXCHANGER INACTED BY A HEAT SOURCE |
| DE4327161C2 (en) * | 1993-08-07 | 1997-09-25 | Bromund Dietmar | Process for reducing energy losses in water heating systems for space heating with domestic water heating |
| DE19834890A1 (en) * | 1998-08-03 | 2000-02-10 | Martin Foerster | Device for heating liquid food for animals |
| AT411632B (en) * | 2000-04-19 | 2004-03-25 | Tech Alternative Elektronische | METHOD FOR REGULATING THE TAKE-OUT TEMPERATURE OF HOT WATER |
| DE102005046733B4 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-07-05 | Winterhalter Gastronom Gmbh | Method for treating vapors in dishwashing devices and dishwashing device |
| DE102011118660B4 (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2016-12-29 | Gea Tds Gmbh | A method and arrangement for the discontinuous supply of tempered water for use in a process for producing and / or treating a foodstuff |
| JP6745039B2 (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2020-08-26 | 株式会社ノーリツ | Heating water heater |
| IT201600130863A1 (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-06-23 | Giovanni Manfroi | PLANT FOR HEATING AND COOLING ENVIRONMENTS |
| DE102020126085A1 (en) | 2020-10-06 | 2022-04-07 | Albrecht Jung Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electrical/electronic device |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1358166A (en) * | 1970-08-21 | 1974-06-26 | Nevrala D J | Apparatus for heating water |
| GB1425508A (en) * | 1973-03-02 | 1976-02-18 | Brosenius K H | Heating system for single dwelling houses |
| GB1453964A (en) * | 1973-11-08 | 1976-10-27 | Consumer Power Co Ltd | Thermal accumulators for heating systems |
| GB2200978A (en) * | 1987-02-13 | 1988-08-17 | Gledhill Water Storage | Electric water heating apparatus |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2142545B1 (en) * | 1971-08-25 | 1973-02-08 | Joh. Vaillant Kg, 5630 Remscheid | |
| US3999709A (en) * | 1975-05-05 | 1976-12-28 | Estabrook Paul S | Water heater |
| DE3364175D1 (en) * | 1982-07-02 | 1986-07-24 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | Fuel-fired heat source |
| DE3618186A1 (en) * | 1985-06-08 | 1987-01-29 | Kern & Grosskinsky | Water distribution system for a mobile or stationary decontamination plant |
| AT387449B (en) * | 1986-05-20 | 1989-01-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | HOT WATER TANK |
-
1989
- 1989-09-08 AT AT0210589A patent/AT397426B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1990
- 1990-08-24 BE BE9000816A patent/BE1004547A7/en active
- 1990-09-04 FR FR9011096A patent/FR2651870B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-09-04 NL NL9001941A patent/NL9001941A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-09-05 IT IT02137690A patent/IT1246451B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-09-07 GB GB9019586A patent/GB2237865B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-07 DE DE4028490A patent/DE4028490C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1358166A (en) * | 1970-08-21 | 1974-06-26 | Nevrala D J | Apparatus for heating water |
| GB1425508A (en) * | 1973-03-02 | 1976-02-18 | Brosenius K H | Heating system for single dwelling houses |
| GB1453964A (en) * | 1973-11-08 | 1976-10-27 | Consumer Power Co Ltd | Thermal accumulators for heating systems |
| GB2200978A (en) * | 1987-02-13 | 1988-08-17 | Gledhill Water Storage | Electric water heating apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL9001941A (en) | 1991-04-02 |
| BE1004547A7 (en) | 1992-12-08 |
| FR2651870A1 (en) | 1991-03-15 |
| FR2651870B1 (en) | 1994-03-25 |
| IT9021376A1 (en) | 1992-03-05 |
| DE4028490C2 (en) | 1995-11-30 |
| IT9021376A0 (en) | 1990-09-05 |
| GB9019586D0 (en) | 1990-10-24 |
| DE4028490A1 (en) | 1991-03-14 |
| ATA210589A (en) | 1993-08-15 |
| GB2237865B (en) | 1993-12-01 |
| AT397426B (en) | 1994-04-25 |
| IT1246451B (en) | 1994-11-18 |
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