GB2236953A - Orthodontic treatment apparatus employing magnets - Google Patents
Orthodontic treatment apparatus employing magnets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2236953A GB2236953A GB9008604A GB9008604A GB2236953A GB 2236953 A GB2236953 A GB 2236953A GB 9008604 A GB9008604 A GB 9008604A GB 9008604 A GB9008604 A GB 9008604A GB 2236953 A GB2236953 A GB 2236953A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- magnet means
- magnetic
- dental arch
- magnet
- dental arches
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/006—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions using magnetic force
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Apparatus is provided including magnetic devices 44, 46 attached to selected teeth in the upper and lower dental arches to form cooperating pairs 5 & 6 comprise magnetic portions 24 which interact to provide, selectably, anterioposterior magnetic forces, superioninferior magnetic forces, or a combination of both, and can comprise co-operating bearing surfaces (52, 54 fig 7) for providing a mechanical force. Mechanically cooperative bite blocks (60, 62, Fig 17) can be used to support the magnets between the occlusal surfaces of the upper 36 and lower 38 dental arches. The device pairs can be used singly, or as a pair of pairs, on opposite sides of the mouth. Besides the bite blocks, the pairs can be attached either to the buccal surface of the lingual surface of the dental arches 36, 38. <IMAGE>
Description
ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT APPARATUS EMPLOYING MAGNETS:
The present invention relates to orthodontic treatment apparatus of the type which operates by applying a force or forces between the upper and lower dental arches.
In correction of misalignment between the upper and lower dental arches, or of misalignment or mispositioning in individual teeth, it is customary to apply a force or forces to urge individual teeth or the entire dental arch in a desired direction. The mouth tissues behave semi-plastically and, through time, the desired movement is achieved. Much of the known apparatus extends beyond the confines of the mouth, is visually intrusive and cosmetically offensive. The present invention seeks to provide an orthodontic treatment apparatus which is discreet, confined within the mouth, and is visually unobtrusive.
Much movement of teeth and of the dental arches is achieved by small rather than large forces.
Forces applied by known orthodontic positional correction treatment apparatus is often difficult to control. The cumbersome nature of the apparatus makes it easy to apply large correction forces, but difficult to apply controlled, small forces. The present invention seeks to provide an apparatus whereby controlled, small forces may readily be applied. Some types of treatment apparatus rely upon the action of bringing the teeth of the upper and lower dental arches together. The forces, so applied, are intermittent and unpredictable. The present invention seeks to provide means whereby correcting forces may be constantly applied at known, low levels.
Different styles of known treatment apparatus are directed towards applying specific types of forces.
Some apply force only to separate the dental arches vertically (i.e superioinferiorly directed forces) , or to create a separation nfore and aft" (i.e.
anterioposteriorly directed forces). The present invention seeks to provide a generalized apparatus selectably capable of applying either or both types forces.
According to a first aspect, the present invention consists in an apparatus for orthodontic treatment comprising: first magnet means; second magnet means; first attachment means for attaching and holding said first magnet means to a first selected surface of a first side of the upper dental arch; and second attachment means for attaching and holding said second magnet means to the selected surface of said first side of the lower dental arch; said first magnet means, said first attachment means, said second magnet means and said second attachment means being co-operative to apply a first magnetic force between the upper dental arch and the lower dental arch.
According to another aspect, the present invention provides, in addition to the first and second magnet means, third magnet means; fourth magnet means; third attachment means for attaching and holding said third magnet means to a second selected surface of a second side, opposite to said first side, of the upper dental arch; and fourth attachment means for attaching and holding said fourth magnet means to the second selected surface of said second side of the lower dental arch; said third magnet means, said third attachment means, said fourth magnet means and said fourth attachment means being co-operative to apply a second magnetic force between the upper dental arch and the lower dental arch.
In order that all types of possible movement can be accomodated, the present invention further provides that the first and second selected surfaces can be both the buccal surface, both the lingual surface, both the occlusal surface, one the lingual surface and the other the buccal surface, one the lingual surface and the other the occlusal surface, or one the buccal surface and the other the occlusal surface. The present invention also provides that first and second magnetic forces can both be attractive, both be repulsive, or one can be repulsive and the other attractive. The present invention yet further provides that each of the first and second magnetic forces can act in an aterioposterior direction, is a superioinferior direction, or in both directions at once.
To enhance the action of the first and second magnetic forces, the present invention further provides that one, the other, or both the opposed pair of the first magnetic means and the second magnetic means, or the opposed pair of the third and fourth magnetic means, can comprise co-operative bearing surfaces operative, when engaged with one another, to apply a mechanical force in the anterioposterior direction on their respective sides of the dental arches.
Further to enhance the operation of the first magnetic force, the present invention provides that the first and second attachment means are in the form of cooperative first and second bite blocks, having first and second respective, interactive cam surfaces. The first and second cam surfaces and the first and second magnet means are located beween the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower dental arches. The first and second magnet means can both be in the plane of the cam surfaces of the bite blocks, or can both be disposed parallel, respectively, to the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower dental arches, or can be disposed with one parallel to the plane of its respective dental arch and the other parallel to the plane of its respective cam surface.
Further to enhance the operation of the second magnetic force, the present invention provides that the third and fourth attachment means are in the form of cooperative third and fourth bite blocks, having third and fourth respective, interactive cam surfaces. The third and fourth cam surfaces and the third and fourth magnet means are located beween the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower dental arches. The third and fourth magnet means can both be in the plane of the cam surfaces of the bite blocks, or can both be disposed parallel, respectively, to the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower dental arches, or can be disposed with one parallel to the plane of its respective dental arch and the other parallel to the plane of its respective cam surface.
The present invention provides that both the first and second magnet means and the third and fourth magnet means can be provided without respective bite blocks and without respective bearing surfaces.
The present invention also provides that the first and second magnet means can be provided without respective bite bite blocks and without respective bearing surfaces, but. that the third and fourth magnet means can be provided with bearing surfaces.
The present invention also provides that the first and second magnet means can be provided without respective bite blocks and without respective bearing surfaces, but that the third and fourth magnet means can be provided with bite blocks.
The present invention also provides that the first and second magnet means can be provided with respective bite bite blocks and that the third and fourth magnet means can be provided with bearing surfaces.
The present invention also provides that the first and second magnet means can be provided with respective bearing surfaces and that the third and fourth magnet means can be provided with respective bite blocks.
The present invention also provides that both the first and second magnet means and the third and fourth magnet means can be provided with respective bite blocks.
The present invention yet further provides that both the first and second magnet means and the third and fourth magnet means can be provided with respective bearing surfaces.
For preference, the magnet means each comprise magnetic sheet material. Attachement to the upper and lower dental arches can include use of a standard molar band fixing, well known to those, skilled in the art.
Where bite blocks are employed, the magnet means can be secured into recesses or apertures in the bite blocks by means of adhesive, self-curing resin plugs, and/or any other mechanical means capable of allowing interaction between the unobstructed cam surfaces while keeping the magnet means in place. The magnetization direction can be such that opposite poles are separated, in each piece of magnetic material, like a bar magnet in a superioinferior direction, or like a bar magnet in an anterioposterior direction, or like a sheet magnet transversly across the sheet such that one surface of the sheet material forms one pole and the other surface forms the opposite pole.Where bite blocks are used, with a magnet lying parallel to the plane of its respective cam surface, the magnetization direction can be such that one magnetic pole lies proximate to the cam surface and the other magnetic pole lies distant from the cam surface, the magnet means being magnetized, as a sheet, through its thickness.
Where the magnetic sheet material is attachable to the molar band fixture, it is preferred that two fixing pins be attached to the magnetic means to prevent any rotational movement between the magnetic means and the fixture, the two pins being accomodated each within a respective one of a pair of apertures in the fixture. For preference, the apertures can run either anterioposeriorly or superioinferiorly for attachment to a buccal surface, but superioinferiorly for attachment to a lingual surface.
The present invention is further explained, by way of an example, by the following description, taken in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which:
Figures 1 A and 1B are respectively anterior and plan views of a tooth bearing a molar fixture with anterioposteriorly directed apertures;
Figures 2A and 2B are respectively anterior and plan views of a tooth bearing a molar fixture with superioinferiorly directed apertures;
Figure 3A shows, in part, a magnetic device suitable for use with the fixture of Figures 1A and 18;
Figure 38 shows, in part, a magnetic devive suitable for use with the fixture of figures 2A and 28; Figure 4A shows a first style of magnetization;
Figure 4B shows the magnetic device of figure 4A, viewed in the direction of the arrow X, and exhibiting a second style of magnetization;;
Figure 5 shows means for applying an anterioposterior force;
Figure 6 shows means for applying either a soley superioinferior force or for applying a composite force;
Figure 7 shows the magnetic means, viewed transversly, having bearing surfaces, co-operative to apply mechanical forces in the anterioposterior direction;
Figure 8 is an anterior view of figure 5 seen in the direction of the arrow Y;
Figure 9 illustrates single use of magnetic means on the lingual surfaces of the dental arches.
Figure 10 illustrates symmetric use of two magnetic means, each on the lingual surface of their respective sides of the dental arches;
Figure 11 illustrates assymmetric use of two magnetic means, each on the lingual surface of their respective sides of the dental arches;
Figure 12 illustrates single use of magnetic means on the buccal surfaces of the dental arches.
Figure 13 illustrates symmetric use of two magnetic means, each on the buccal surface of their respective sides of the dental arches;
Figure 14 illustrates assymmetric use of two magnetic means, each on the buccal surface of their respective sides of the dental arches;
Figure 15 illustrates symmetric use of two magnetic means, one on the lingual surface of its respective side of the dental arches and the other on the buccal surface of its respective side of the dental arches;
Figure 16 illustrates assymmetric use of two magnetic means, one on the lingual surface of its respective side of the dental arches and the other on the buccal surface of its respective side of the dental arches.
Figure 17 illustrates a further embodiment of the present invention where magnets are incorporated into bite blocks lying between the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower dental arches;
Figure 19 illustrates a first method of providing the magnet means in the embodiment of figure 17, a sheet magnet being disposed parallel to the cam surface of its respective bite block; and
Figure 19 shows a second manner of providing the magnet means in the embodiment of figure 17, a sheet magnet being disposed parallel to the occlusal.
surface of the dental arch wherein its respective bite block is affixed.
Figures 1A and 18 commence by showing one way in which magnetic devices can be fixed to a selected tooth. A horizontal molar fixture 10 is attached to the selected tooth 12 by a pair of metal bands 14. Figure 1
A show the view from the front (anterior portion) or from the rear (posterior) portion of the mouth, looking in the anterioposterior direction, while figure 18 shows the view either looking down upon the tooth 12(from a superior position) or up upon the tooth 12 from an inferior position, in the superioinferior direction. The horizontal fixture 10 has apertures 16 running through its - length in the anterioposterior direction. The horizontal fixture 10 can lie selectably betwen the teeth and the inside of the cheek, that is, on the buccal surface of the teeth, or can lie adjacent to the tonge on the inside of the teeth, that is, on the lingual surface of the teeth.The metal bands are passed around the selected tooth 12 and tightened to keep the horizontal fixture 10 in place. As will later be described, magnetic devices can then be attached to the fixture 10.
Figures 2A and 28 show how a vertical fixture 18 can be attached to a selected tooth 12 by metal bands 14 . Everything is as in figures 1A and 1B except that the vertical fixture 18 has a spaced parallel pair of vertical apertures 20 throughout its length.
Figures 1 A and 18 are simply illustrative of two ways in which articles can be attached to a selected tooth. Those, skilled in the art, will be aware that ityems can be attached to teeth by other means suitable for use in the present invention. For example, direct adhesion usin chemical adhesives can be employed. Screws, pegs and other penetrative devices fitting either into individual teeth or between adjacent teeth are also suitable. The articles can also be attached to known apparatus such as braces or blocks. In the case of the present invention, the articles to be attached are magnetic.
Figure 3A shows a first style of magnetic device 22, suitable for use with the horizontal molar fixture 10 of figures 1A and 1B. A magnetic portion 28 is affixed to or is integral with a support portion 26 having horizontal wires 28 for insertion each one through each of the horizontal apertures 16. The wires pass behind the support portion 26 by being bent back along their lengths and the free ends, which subsequently protrude from the horizontal apertures 16, being bent over. The style of magnetic device of figure 3A is preferred for use on the buccal surface of the selected tooth 12, but is not restricted to use thereon.
Figure 38 shows a second style of magnetic device 30, similar to that of figure 3A, save that vertical wires 32 are provided on the support portion, and that use is intended with vertical molar fixture 18 of figures 2A and 28. The vertical wires are inserted, one into each of the vertical apertures 20, and the excess protruding from the top of the verical apertures bent over and snipped off. This second style of magnetic device 30 is preferred for use on the lingual surface of the selected tooth 12, but is not restricted to use thereon.
The present invention is not restricted, by these examples, in the manner in which magnetic devices 22 30 can be attached to teeth and fixtures.
Any means, known in the art, whereby a magnetic portion 24 can be attached, either rigidly or with limited play, to a selected tooth 12, can be used in the present invention.
Figure 4A shows a first manner in which the magnetic portion 24 can be magnetised. The magnetic portion 24 is described as being made of sheet material. This need not be strictly true, and it is to be taken hereafter, as being not necessarily indicative of uniformity of thickness. In figure 4A, one pole N is proximate to the support portion 26 and the other S to the distal end of the magnetic portion 24. The magnetic poles N S are thus separated in the superioinferior direction. The type of magnetisation of figure 4A is used in conjunction with a second magnetic device 22 30
magnetised according to a similar plan.Where the combined magnetic devices 22 30 are intended to attract, opposite poles are N S arranged to be proximate to one another, and where the combined magnetic devices 22 30 are intended to repel one another, similar magnetic poles S S or N N are intended to be proxdimate to one another.
Figure 48 shows a second general manner of magetisation for the magnetic portion 24. Figure 48 shows the physical outline of Figure 4A looking in the direction of the arrow X. Only the magnetisation has changed, and the magnetic portion 24 is magnetised across its thickness with opposite poles N S separated in the mouth in the transverse direction, on opposite faces 34 of the magnetic portion 24. The magnetic portion of figure 48 is used in conjunction with a second magnetic device 22 30 magnetised according to a similar plan. If it desired that magnetic devices 22 30 should attract, it is arranged that the magnetic portions in each are oppositely magnetised so that opposite poles N S are presented adjacently to one another along abutting edges when magnetic portions 24 are brought together.When it is desired that magnetic devices 22 30 should repel, it is arranged that the magnetic portions in each are presented adjacently to one another with similar magnetisation so that like poles N N or S S are proximate along abutting edges when magnetic portions 24 are brought together.
The style of magnetisation of Figure 4A allows wide spreading of the magnetic field. In some instances, it has been shown that the presence of a magnetic field can enhance the healing rate of broken bones and injured tissue. The style of magnetisation of figure 4A can usefully be employed to direct a magnetic field to a generally injured site.
The style of magnetization of Figure 48 can be employed where a confined magnetic field is appropriate. The lines of magnetic force are concentrated in figure 48 near to the edges of the magnetic portion 24 . It has been demonstrated, with some certainty, that magnetic fields from bar magnets, attached to the head, can confuse the sense of direction in humans. The style of magnetisation of
Figure 48 is appropriate where such confusion is to be minimised, or under any other circumstances where stray magnetic fields are to be avoided.
Figure 5 shows a first embodiment of the invention intended to provide anterioposterior forces.
The teeth 12 are divided into an upper dental arch 36 and a lower dental arch 38. A first one 40 of a first style of magnetic device is attached to a selected tooth 12 in the upper dental arch and a second one 42 of the first style of magnetic device is attached to a seleceted tooth 12 in ther lower dental arch, the selected teeth 212 in the upper dental arch and the lower dental arch not being immediately above and below one another, but rather being separated in the anterioposterior direction. While both the first 40 and second 42 examples of the first stle of magnetic devices are shown in figure 5 on the buccal surfaces of their respective dental arches, it is to be understood that both 40 42 could be provided on the buccal surfaces of their respective dental arches 36 38, the only requirement being that they both be on the same surface of their respective dental arches 36 38.
Where pure repulsion is required, no matter what the state of openness of the mouth, each magnetic portion 24 can be magnetised with similar poles adjacent to one another in the anterioposterior direction when the mouth is closed. This is different from the styles of magnetisation show in figures 4A and 48, and can be imagined as rotation of the direction of separation of the poles N S through ninety degrees in the plane of the paper in Figure 4A so that the poles N
S are separated in a fore-and-aft direction in the mouth. Likewise, when pure attraction is required, disssimilar poles are arranged to be adjacent to one another in a similar manner. Likewise, pure attraction or pure repulsion can be achieved by adopting the magnetisation style of Figure 48.Variation between attraction and repulsion can be achieved, dependently upon the state of openness of the mouth, by providing each magnetic portion 24 with the magnetisation style of figure 4A. Imagine each magnetic portion 24 is magnetised witha first pole N at its distal end and a second magnetic pole S at its proximal end. When the mouth is open, like poles are proximate and a repulsi e force, tending both to open the mouth and to repel the upper 36 and lower 38 dental arches in an anterioposterior direction, is provided. When the mouth is closed, since the magnetic portions 24 overlap in their superioinferior extent, unlike poles N S are presented to one another, the pole at the distal end pf the magnetic portion of the first magnetic device 40 being proximate to the pole at the proximal end of the magnetic portion 42 of the second magnetic device 42, and a pure anterioposterior attractive force is experienced between the upper 36 and lower 38 dental arches. Were the mangentisation of one of the megnetic portions 42 to be reversed, attraction would become repulsion and vice versa.The extend and magnitude of the transition from repulsion to attraction is controlled by selecting the extent of superioinferior overlap of the magnetic portions 42
Figure 6 shows a second style of magnetic device, a first one 44 of the second styl of magnetic device being attached to a selected tooth in the upper dental arch 36 and a second one 46 of the second style of magnetic device being attached to a corresponding, immediately adjacent selected tooth 12 in the lower dental arch 38. The magnetic portions 42 can, but need not meet and any of the three suggested styles of magnetisation can be used either to attract or repel the upper and lower dental arches in a superioinferior direction.Where the magnetic portions 42 are made long enough to meet, their lengths can be selected such that, through time, when the mouth is closed, mechanical forces from their coming together can intrude the selected teeth 12 into their respective dental arches 36 38. The magnetic forces can then maintain the intrusive force. The magnetic devices need not meet, but may simply ensure either that the mouth does not close when relaxed, or ensure that the mouth tends to stay shut with a small magnetic force when the mouth is relaxed.
Figure 7 shows a third style of magnetic device 48 50. An upper one 48 of the third style of magnetic device is equipped with a first angled bearing surface 52 and a lower one 50 of the third style of magnetic device is equipped with a second, angled bearing surface 54. The first 52 and second 54 bearing surfaces engage one another as the selected teeth 12 are brought together, to exert an anterioposterior mechanical force. The magnetic portions 24 can be magnetised to hold the bearing surfaces 52 54 together for ' the co-operating bearing surfaces to exert a controlled anterioposterior mechanical force even when the mouth is relaxed.Alternatively, the magnetic portions 24 can be magnetised to repel one another, so that effort is required to close the mouth, such that anterioposterior mechanical forces are exerted only when the mouth is conciously closed, as when eating or when awake, but not when the mouth is relaxed, as in sleep. The third stle 48 50 of magnetic device can be magnetised according to the manner of Figure 4A or 48, or according to the manner described in conjunction with figure 5, in which case, when the magnetic poles are anterioposteriorly separated, the combined repulsive and attractive forces described for figure 5 can similarly be created, controlled by the extent of superioinferior overlap of the bearing surfaces 52 54.
The third style of magnetic devices 48 50 can be attached , selectably, either to the lingual surfaces of the selected teeth 12 or to the buccal surcafes. The direction of slope of the bearing surfaces 52 54 can be selected either to urge the lower dental arch 38 forward of the upper dental arch 36 or to urge the lower dental arch 38 backward from the upper dental arch 36.
Figure 8 shows an anterioposterior view of
Figure 7 looking in the direction of the arrow Z. The mag etic portions 4 can be attached to the horizontal molar fixture 10 (or to a suitable vertical molar fixture 18) by the wires 28 32 of figures 3A and 38, by glue 52, or by other mechanical clips 54.
Alternatively, the molar fixture can be cast and machined as a whole, and then magnetised.
Figure 9 shows how a magnetic device pair, which can be any of the types described with reference to the previous figures, may be used, alone, on the lingual surfaces of the dental arches 36 38. Here, only one dental arch 36 is shown. It is to be understood that in this, and in all subsequent figures, a ciorresponding second part of the generic magnetic device 56 will appear in the Upper dental arch 36.
Figure 10 shows symmetric use of a pair of pairs of magnetic devices 56A 568 on the lingual surfaces of either side of the dental arches. In this, and every subsequent figure, it is to be understood that , where a pair of pairs of magnetic devices are provided, the first magnetic device pair 56A can exert, selectably, a first magnetic force which can be any of the kinds previously described, wholly attractive, wholly repellant, or in part attractive and in part repellant, and can exert a first mechanical force when mechanical engagement of bearing surfaces 52 54 , if present, takes place, and the second magnetic device pair 56A can exert, selectably, a second magnetic force which can be any of the kinds previously described, wholly attractive, wholly repellant, or in part attractive and in part repellant, and can exert a second mechanical force when mechanical engagement of bearing surfaces 52 54, if present,takes place. In this manner, a large variety of turning, twisting, pushing and pulling force patterns can be exerted between the upper 36 and lower 38 dental arches.
Figure 11 shows how a pair of pairs 56A 56B of magnetic devices can be used assymetrically, both on the lingual surfaces of the dental arches 36 38. In this manner, by selecting different anterioposterior positions for the pairs 56A 568 of magnetic devices, even greater control of the forces and turning monemts can be achieved.
Figure 12 shows how a single pair of magnetic devices 56 can be used on the buccal surfaces of the dental arches 36 38.
Figure 13 shows how a symmetric pair of pairs 56A 568 of magnetic devices can be used, both on the buccal surface of the dental arches 36 38 on either side of the mouth.
Figure 14 shows how an assymmetric pair of pairs 56A 568 of magnetic devices can be used, both on the buccal surface of the dental arches 36 38 on either side of the mo th.
Figure 15 shows how a symmetric pair of pairs 56A 568 of magnetic devices can be used, one on the buccal surface of the dental arches 36 38 on a first side of the mouth and the other on the lingual surface of the dental arches 36 38 on the other side of the mouth.
Figure 16 shows how an as symmetric pair of pairs 56A 56B of magnetic devices can be used, one on the buccal surface of the dental arches 36 38 on a first side of the mouth and the other on the lingual surface of the dental arches 36 38 on the other side of the mouth.
It is to be understood that more than two pairs 56A 568 of magnetic devices can be employed at the same time to achieve any combination of forces desired.
Figure 17 shows a further embodiment of the present invention.
An upper bite block 60 is provided in the upper dental arch 36. A lower bite block 62 is provided in the lower dental arch 38. The upper bite block 60 can be attached to the teeth in the upper dental arch 36 by any means known in the art. For example, the part of the upper- bite block 60 in contact with the teeth of the upper dental arch 36 can be made conformal therewith and can be fixed thereto with adhesive. Alternatively, the upper bite block 60 can be affixed to the posterior teeth of the upper dental arch 36 by molar bands. As another alternative, the upper bite block 60 can be affixed in the upper dental arch 36 by bows and other appliances on the lingual face of the upper dental arch. The foregoing recitation of means for affixing the upper bite block 60 in the upper dental arch 36 is not exhaustive, and many other means could be employed.The lower bite block 62 can be affixed in the lower dental arch 38 by any of the methods employable to affix the upper bite block 60 in the upper dental arch 38.
The upper bite block 60 has an upper cam surface 64 at an angle to the occlusal surface 66 of the upper dental arch 36. The lower bite block 62 has a lower cam surface 68 at an angle to the occlusal surface 70 of the lower dental arch 38. The upper cam surface 64 and the lower cam surface 68 engage one another and co-operate, when the mouth closes, to induce forces between the upper dental arch 36 and the lower dental arch 38. Figure 18 shows the lower bite block 62 of figure 17, looking from the lingual side of the lower dental arch 38 in the direction of the arrow 72. In particular, figure 18 shows a first method of mounting a magnet therein.
An anterioposterior slot 74 is provided in the lower bite block 62 able to accomodate a sheet lower sheet magnet 76 with its plane substantially parallel to the occlusal surface 70 of the lower dental arch 38.
Once introduced into the anterioposterior slot 74, as indicated by the arrow 78, the anterioposterior slot 74 is sealed, with the lower sheet magnet held therein, by the provision of a resin plug, or similar device to re-establish the surface integrity of the lower cam surface 68. The lower sheet magnet 76 can be further held within the anterioposterior slot 74 by adhesive, or by mechanical means such as wedging or affixing with pins or screws.
Figure 19 also shows the lower bite block 62 of figure 18, but illustrates a second method for mounting a magnet therein.
A recess 80 is provided in the lower cam surface 68 adapted to accept, as indicated by the arrow 84, a second type of lower sheet magnet 82 to lie with its plane substantially parallel with the lower cam surface 68. The second type of lower sheet magnet 82 can be glued into the recess 80. A resin plug can be inserted over the second type of lower sheet magnet 82 to re-establish the integrity of the lower cam surface 68.
The upper bite block 60 can have magnets attached thereto in the same manner as shown and described in relation to figures 18 and 19 for the lower bite block 62.
Both the upper bite block 60 and the lower bite block 62 can be as shown in figure 18
Both the upper bite block 60 and the lower bite block 62 can be as shown in figure 19
The upper bite block 60 can be as shown in figure 18 and the lower bite block 62 can be as shown in figure 19.
The upper bite block 60 can be as shown in figure 19 and the lower bite block 62 can be as shown in figure 18.
In figures 18 and 19, the magnet means 76 82 are disposed between the occlusal surfaces 66 70 of the upper 36 and lower 38 dental arches.
The various embodiments of the present invention can variously be employed. For example, any of the embodiments can be used on one side of the mouth alone. Alternatively, any of the embodiments can be used on both sides of the mouth simultaneously.
Otherwise, any of the embodiments of figures 5, 6, 7 & BR< 8, 17, 18 and 19 can be employed on a first side of the mouth with any other of the embodiments of figures 5, 6, 7 & 8, 17, 18 and 19 on the other side of the mouth.
Claims (29)
1. An apparatus for orthodontic treatment comprising: first magnet means; second magnet means; first attachment means for attaching and holding said first magnet means to a first selected surface of a first side of the upper dental arch; and second attachment means for attaching and holding said second magnet means to the selected surface of said first side of the lower dental arch; said first magnet means, said first attachment means, said second magnet means and said second attachment means being co-operative to apply a first magnetic force between the upper dental arch and the lower dental arch.
2. An apparatus according to Claim 1 wherein said first magnetic force includes a component acting in the superioinferior direction.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said first magnetic force includes a component acting in the anterioposterior direction.
4. An apparatus according to any of the preceding claims wherein said first magnetic force is an attractive force.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein said first magnetic force is a repulsive force.
6. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein said selected surface is the occlusal surface.
7. An apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 5 wherein said first selected surface is the buccal surface.
8. An apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 wherein said first selected surface is the lingual surface.
9. An apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 6 wherein said first attachment means includes a first bite block with a first cam surface between the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower dental arches; wherein said second attachment means includes a second bite block with a second cam surface between the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower dental arches; wherein said first magnet means is in said first cam surface; and wherein said second magnet means is in said second cam surface.
10. An apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said first magnet means is disposed parallel with said first cam surface.
11. An apparatus according to claim 9 wherein said first magnet means is disposed parallel to the occlusal surface of the upper dental arch.
12. An apparatus according to claim 10 or claim 11 wherein said second magnet means is disposed parallel to said second cam surface.
13. An apparatus according to claim 10 or claim 11 wherein said second magnet means is disposed parallel to the occlusal surface of the lower dental arch.
14. An apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 5, or according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein said first magnet means comprises a first bearing surface, wherein said second magnet means comprises a second bearing surface, and wherein said first bearing surface and said second bearing surface are operative to engage one another and co-operative, when engaged, to apply a first mechanical force between the upper and lower dental arches in the anterioposterior direction.
15. An apparatus according to any of the preceding claims comprising: third magnet means; fourth magnet means; third attachment means for attaching and holding said third magnet means to a second selected surface of a second side, opposite to said first side, of the upper dental arch; and fourth attachment means for attaching and holding said fourth magnet means to the second selected surface of said second side of the lower dental arch; said third magnet means, said third attachment means, said fourth magnet means and said fourth attachment means being co-operative to apply a second magnetic force between the upper dental arch and the lower dental arch.
16. An apparatus according to Claim 15 wherein said second magnetic force includes a component acting in the superioinferior direction.
17. An apparatus according to claim 15 or claim 16 wherein said second magnetic force includes a component acting in the anterioposterior direction.
18. An apparatus according to claim 15, 16 or 17 wherein said second magnetic force is an attractive force.
19. An apparatus according to claim 15, 16 or 17 wherein said second magnetic force is a repulsive force.
20. An apparatus according to claim 15, 16, 17 or 18 wherein said second selected surface is the occlusal surface.
21. An apparatus according to claim 15, 16, 17 or 18 wherein said second selected surface is the buccal surface.
22. An apparatus according to claim 15, 16, 17 or 18 wherein said second selected surface is the lingual surface.
23. An apparatus according to any of claims 15 to 20 wherein said third attachment means includes a third block with a third cam surface between the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower dental arches; wherein said fourth attachment means includes a fourth bite block with a fourth cam surface between the occlusal surfaces of the upper and lower dental arches; wherein said third magnet means is in said third cam surface; and wherein said fourth magnet means is in said fourth cam surface.
24. An apparatus according to claim 23 wherein said third magnet means is disposed parallel with said third cam surface.
25. An apparatus according to claim 23 wherein said third magnet means is disposed parallel to the occlusal surface of the upper dental arch.
26. An apparatus according to claim 24 or claim 25 whererein said fourth magnet means is disposed parallel to said fourth cam surface.
27. An apparatus according to claim 24 or claim 25 wherein said second magnet means is disposed parallel to the occlusal surface of the lower dental arch.
28. An apparatus according to claim 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21 or 22 wherein said third magnet means comprises a third bearing surface, wherein said fourth magnet means comprises a fourth bearing surface, and wherein said third bearing surface and said fourth bearing surface are operative to engage one another and co-operative, when engaged, to apply a second mechanical force between the upper and lower dental arches in the anterioposterior direction.
29. An apparatus substantially as described with reference to the appended drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB898919538A GB8919538D0 (en) | 1989-08-29 | 1989-08-29 | Magnetic orthodontic treatment apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9008604D0 GB9008604D0 (en) | 1990-06-13 |
| GB2236953A true GB2236953A (en) | 1991-04-24 |
Family
ID=10662226
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB898919538A Pending GB8919538D0 (en) | 1989-08-29 | 1989-08-29 | Magnetic orthodontic treatment apparatus |
| GB9008604A Withdrawn GB2236953A (en) | 1989-08-29 | 1990-04-17 | Orthodontic treatment apparatus employing magnets |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB898919538A Pending GB8919538D0 (en) | 1989-08-29 | 1989-08-29 | Magnetic orthodontic treatment apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB8919538D0 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0599786A1 (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1994-06-01 | Enzo Lino Diodato | Electromagnetic dental mineralizer |
| WO2001082821A1 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2001-11-08 | Ole Christian Amundsen | Orthodontic retainer elements |
| WO2007134375A1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-29 | Darenton Holdings Pty Limited | Correction of orthodontic malocclusions |
| WO2008141372A1 (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2008-11-27 | Michael Stubbs | Mandibular advancement device |
| US7780441B2 (en) | 2005-04-21 | 2010-08-24 | Amundsen Ole C | Mounting device for orthodontic retainer elements and a method of maintaining said elements in place for mounting on corresponding teeth |
| CN104161597A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-11-26 | 四川大学 | Dental orthodontic appliance by pulse electromagnetic field |
| US11596503B2 (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2023-03-07 | Ole Christian Amundsen | Apparatus for aligning or positioning teeth, and related methods |
| US20230219203A1 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2023-07-13 | M3 Health Indústria E Comécio De Produtos Médicos, Odontológicos E Correlatos S.A. | Insertion Instrument for Dental and Medical Device and Insertion Tool for Dental and Medical Device Comprising the Instrument |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3984915A (en) * | 1975-06-27 | 1976-10-12 | Noble Terry Gordon | Orthodontics by magnetics |
| US4396373A (en) * | 1982-03-22 | 1983-08-02 | Dellinger Eugene L | Magnetic orthodontic appliance |
| US4424030A (en) * | 1979-03-12 | 1984-01-03 | Medical Magnetics, Inc. | Integrated oral magnetic osteogenic and orthodontic appliances |
| US4457707A (en) * | 1981-11-18 | 1984-07-03 | Medical Magnetics, Inc. | Integrated oral magnetic osteogenic and orthodontic appliances |
| WO1986004227A1 (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-07-31 | Medical Magnetics, Inc. | Magnetic force orthodontic kit and appliances constructed therefrom |
| US4671767A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1987-06-09 | Medical Magnetics, Inc. | Magnetic force functional orthodontic appliances |
| US4871310A (en) * | 1987-07-29 | 1989-10-03 | Vardimon Alexander D | Functional orthopedic magnetic appliances (fomas) |
-
1989
- 1989-08-29 GB GB898919538A patent/GB8919538D0/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-04-17 GB GB9008604A patent/GB2236953A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3984915A (en) * | 1975-06-27 | 1976-10-12 | Noble Terry Gordon | Orthodontics by magnetics |
| US4424030A (en) * | 1979-03-12 | 1984-01-03 | Medical Magnetics, Inc. | Integrated oral magnetic osteogenic and orthodontic appliances |
| US4457707A (en) * | 1981-11-18 | 1984-07-03 | Medical Magnetics, Inc. | Integrated oral magnetic osteogenic and orthodontic appliances |
| US4396373A (en) * | 1982-03-22 | 1983-08-02 | Dellinger Eugene L | Magnetic orthodontic appliance |
| WO1986004227A1 (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-07-31 | Medical Magnetics, Inc. | Magnetic force orthodontic kit and appliances constructed therefrom |
| US4671767A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1987-06-09 | Medical Magnetics, Inc. | Magnetic force functional orthodontic appliances |
| US4871310A (en) * | 1987-07-29 | 1989-10-03 | Vardimon Alexander D | Functional orthopedic magnetic appliances (fomas) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0599786A1 (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1994-06-01 | Enzo Lino Diodato | Electromagnetic dental mineralizer |
| WO2001082821A1 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2001-11-08 | Ole Christian Amundsen | Orthodontic retainer elements |
| US7300279B2 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2007-11-27 | Ole Christian Amundsen | Orthodontic retainer elements |
| US7780441B2 (en) | 2005-04-21 | 2010-08-24 | Amundsen Ole C | Mounting device for orthodontic retainer elements and a method of maintaining said elements in place for mounting on corresponding teeth |
| WO2007134375A1 (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-29 | Darenton Holdings Pty Limited | Correction of orthodontic malocclusions |
| WO2008141372A1 (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2008-11-27 | Michael Stubbs | Mandibular advancement device |
| US20150305919A1 (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2015-10-29 | Airospace Enterprises Pty Ltd | Mandibular advancement device |
| CN104161597A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2014-11-26 | 四川大学 | Dental orthodontic appliance by pulse electromagnetic field |
| CN104161597B (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-10-12 | 四川大学 | Pulse electromagnetic field orthodontic treatments instrument |
| US11596503B2 (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2023-03-07 | Ole Christian Amundsen | Apparatus for aligning or positioning teeth, and related methods |
| US20230219203A1 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2023-07-13 | M3 Health Indústria E Comécio De Produtos Médicos, Odontológicos E Correlatos S.A. | Insertion Instrument for Dental and Medical Device and Insertion Tool for Dental and Medical Device Comprising the Instrument |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9008604D0 (en) | 1990-06-13 |
| GB8919538D0 (en) | 1989-10-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4396373A (en) | Magnetic orthodontic appliance | |
| US3984915A (en) | Orthodontics by magnetics | |
| EP0127710B1 (en) | Integrated oral magnetic osteogenic and orthodontic appliances | |
| US4671767A (en) | Magnetic force functional orthodontic appliances | |
| US11083542B1 (en) | Magnetic tooth alignment devices and related methods | |
| CA2050198C (en) | Molar distalizing appliance | |
| US4457707A (en) | Integrated oral magnetic osteogenic and orthodontic appliances | |
| DE69305399T2 (en) | Magnetic orthodontic device | |
| US3772787A (en) | Orthodontic bracket | |
| US4846681A (en) | Orthodontic bracket | |
| US4511330A (en) | Integrated oral magnetic osteogenic appliances | |
| JP3512466B2 (en) | Orthodontic bracket | |
| US4595361A (en) | Magnetic force orthodontic kit and appliances constructed therefrom | |
| AU1634700A (en) | Attachment devices and methods for a dental appliance | |
| US4384854A (en) | Anterior splint | |
| EP0981273A4 (en) | Adhesive, antimicrobial and/or reparative dentin stimulating dental compositions and methods for forming and using such compositions | |
| GB2236953A (en) | Orthodontic treatment apparatus employing magnets | |
| US5873716A (en) | Orthodontic hook assembly and appliance | |
| US4869667A (en) | Hygienic magnetic eruptor | |
| DE60122703T2 (en) | ORTHODONTIC RESTRAINT ELEMENTS | |
| US6062855A (en) | Friction-reducing orthodontic appliance | |
| US4530663A (en) | Denture magnetic retention unit | |
| US4519779A (en) | Orthodontal electrical device and method of employing same | |
| DE2840370A1 (en) | Magnetic tooth correction device - has mouth plate anchored to teeth, with magnet pulling rearwards magnet mounted behind tooth | |
| CA1202804A (en) | Integrated oral magnetic osteogenic and orthodontic appliances |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |