GB2212806A - Recovery of carotenes - Google Patents
Recovery of carotenes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2212806A GB2212806A GB8727870A GB8727870A GB2212806A GB 2212806 A GB2212806 A GB 2212806A GB 8727870 A GB8727870 A GB 8727870A GB 8727870 A GB8727870 A GB 8727870A GB 2212806 A GB2212806 A GB 2212806A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- palm fruit
- palm
- carotenes
- products
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C403/00—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
- C07C403/24—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by six-membered non-aromatic rings, e.g. beta-carotene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention is for a method of obtaining carotenes and other products of palm fruit, which method comprises pressing palm fruit to separate palm oil from solid vegetable material, treating the resulting pressed vegetable material with a solvent to dissolve carotenes and other soluble products of palm fruit, and thereafter removing the solvent to provide carotene and the other palm fruit products. The solvent used in the extraction may be a food grade solvent such as hexane or the extraction from the pressed vegetable material may be carried out using supercritical carbon dioxide.
Description
RECOVERY OF CAROTENES
It is well known that crude palm oil contains about 1% of non-glyceride components which include carotenoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols and sterols.
The carotenoids consist mainly of - and carotenes and are important constituents having pro-vitamin A activity and other physiological activities. The tocopherols and tocotrienols are
Vitamin E constituents and are also natural anti-oxidents.
In the past the above-mentioned ingredients of the palm fruit have been recovered from crude palm oil by various means. The palm oil has been obtained by pressing the palm fruit to separate palm oil from the solid or fibrous component of palm fruit. The solid residues after pressing to provide palm oil have been used as vegetable material or have been burnt, that is used as a fuel source.
It has now been surprisingly found that a useful amount of carotenes can be obtained by further processing of the pressed fibres which have previously been treated as a fairly useless product of the palm oil mill.
According to the present invention therefore there is provided a method of obtaining carotenes and other products of palm fruit, which method comprises pressing palm fruit to separate palm oil from solid vegetable material, as is normal in current commerical operations, treating the pressed vegetable material with a solvent to dissolve carotenes and other soluble products of palm fruit, and thereafter removing the solvent to provide carotene and the other palm fruit products. Preferably, the solvent is a food grade solvent, such as hexane, ethanol or chloroform or is supercritical carbon dioxide.
The extraction step to separate the pressed vegetable fibres and the carotene and the like may be carried out at a temperature of from 200 C to 500 C for 20 to 150 minutes.
In one aspect of this invention there is provided carotenes and other palm fruit products which have been obtained from the pressed fibres of the palm fruit.
Furthermore the present invention includes the use of the resulting carotenes and other palm fruit products in food preparations, cosmetic formulations and in pharmaceutical compositions, which includes unit doses formulations of a vitamin or vitamins.
Preparation of Palm Fruit Fibre as used in the
Examples
The oil palm fresh fruit bunch, typically weighing from 15 to 40 kg is sterilised in the palm oil mill at a temperature of 100 to 1500C for 30 to 60 minutes at a pressure of from 30 to 40 psi. The purpose of the sterilisation step is to eliminate enzyme reaction which would otherwise cause an increase in the free fatty acid content of the oil'of the fruit. The sterilised fruits are then stripped from the stalk, stirred, heated and thereby brought to a suitable condition for pressing; this step is known as digesting. Thereafter the fruits are pressed to extract the oil from the mesocarp of the fruit, and this pressing is typically carried out using a hydraulic screw press. Typically the amount of palm oil obtained at this stage is about 20% base on the fresh fruit bunch.The solid or fibrous component of the fruit is separated from the kernel which itself is usually further processed to provide palm kernel oil. It is conventional that the resulting pressed fibre is burnt as fuel. The oil which is derived from pressing the mesocarp is known as crude palm oil and typically contains 500 to 700 ppm of carotenoids.
The invention will now be described by way of example.
EXAMPLE 1.
Palm fruit fibre from the palm oil mill was packed into a soxhlet and a piece of filter paper wa-s placed at the entry of the siphon tube. The soxhlet together with the sample flask was then placed into the pressure chamber. Small pieces of solid CO2 (C 240g) were placed at the shell outside the glass assembly. The pressure cap was tightened, with the cold finger condenser entering the top of the soxhlet and the needle valve closed. The extractor was placed on a water bath set at 40+ 10C, the water circulating the condenser was maintained at 0+ 10 C using water and glycerol mixture. As the solid C02 melted the pressure rose to 800 - 850 psi and finally fell and was maintained at 700 - 750 psi as condensation commenced.When the extraction was completed (2 hours), the extract collected at the sample flask was then weighed and the carotene was determined.
wt. of fibre used = 3.3 g % of oil recovered from the fibre = 0.099 g (3.08%)
Carotene concentration = 4210 ppm % of carotene recovered based on 40 g of fibre = 0.0127%.
EXAMPLE 2
Palm oil fibre (40g) from the palm oil mill, was packed into a soxhlet condenser with some cotton wool placed at the entry of the siphon tube. The reflux was set up using 30 ml of hexane as solvent the reflux continued for 1.5 hours. The extraction was continuous and the extract was collected into a 500 ml round bottom flask. After the extraction was completed, the hexane was removed and the weight of extracted oil was found to be 1.7 g (4.3% of oil recovered from fibre). The carotene concentration of the oil was 4,683 ppm (% of carotene based on 40 g of fibre = 0.02%).
EXAMPLE 3
The procedure of Example 2 was repeated except chloroform was used as the solvent for extraction.
Results are as follow:
Weight of fibre used = 40 g % of oil recovered from the fibre = 1.9 g (4.76%)
Carotene concentration = 3392 ppm % of carotene recovered based on 40 g of fibre = 0.02%
Extraction time = 1.5 hours
Extraction temperature = reflux
temperature of
chloroform.
EXAMPLE 4
The procedure of Example 2 was repeated except ethanol was used as the solvent for extraction:
Results are as follows:
Weight of fibre used = 40 g % of oil recovered for the fibre = 2.7 g (6.72%)
Carotene concentration = 2359 ppm % of carotene recovered based on 40 g of fibre = 0.0157%
Extraction time = 2 hours
Extraction temperature = reflux
temperature of
ethanol.
As has been noted above, extraction of palm oil from the mesocarp of fruit provides oil which contains from 500 to 700 ppm of carotene. The same concentration of carotene is also observed in crude palm which is extracted from the mesocarp on a laboratory scale using solvents. It is to be noted, however, that the amount of carotene obtained from the pressed fibre which remains after the extraction of crude palm oil using either supercritical or solvent extraction is 7 to 8 times more than that which is found in crude palm oil.
Claims (7)
1. A method of obtaining carotenes and other products of palm fruit, which method comprises pressing palm fruit to separate palm oil from solid vegetable material, treating the resulting pressed vegetable material with a solvent to dissolve carotenes and other soluble products of palm fruit, and thereafter removing the solvent to provide carotene and the other palm fruit products.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the solvent is a food grade solvent.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2 wherein the solvent is hexane, ethanol or chloroform.
4. A method of claimed in claim 1 wherein the pressed vegetable material is treated with supercritical carbon dioxide to dissolve the carotenes and other soluble palm fruit products.
5. A method as claimed in claim 1 and substantially as hereinbefore described in any one of the examples.
6. Carotenes and other palm fruit products which have been obtained from the pressed vegetable material which remains after the normal extraction of crude palm oil.
7. The use of carotene or other palm fruit products as claimed in claim 6 in food preparations, cosmetic formulations, or pharmaceutical compositions which includes unit dose formulations of a vitamin or vitamins.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8727870A GB2212806B (en) | 1987-11-27 | 1987-11-27 | Recovery of carotenes |
MYPI88000388A MY103363A (en) | 1987-11-27 | 1988-04-19 | Recovery of carotenes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8727870A GB2212806B (en) | 1987-11-27 | 1987-11-27 | Recovery of carotenes |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8727870D0 GB8727870D0 (en) | 1987-12-31 |
GB2212806A true GB2212806A (en) | 1989-08-02 |
GB2212806B GB2212806B (en) | 1991-10-02 |
Family
ID=10627669
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8727870A Expired - Lifetime GB2212806B (en) | 1987-11-27 | 1987-11-27 | Recovery of carotenes |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2212806B (en) |
MY (1) | MY103363A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5157132A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1992-10-20 | Carotech Associates | Integrated process for recovery of carotenoids and tocotrienols from oil |
WO2001079355A1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-25 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Agriculture And Agri-Food | Separation of carotenoids from fruits and vegetables |
WO2007045057A2 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2007-04-26 | Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro-Ufrj | Process for extraction of carotenoids |
DE4429506B4 (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 2007-09-13 | Degussa Gmbh | Process for the extraction of natural carotenoid dyes |
WO2009149941A1 (en) * | 2008-06-14 | 2009-12-17 | Michael Tistl | Skin cleansing cloth and method for the production thereof |
DE102004041612B4 (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2013-04-11 | Malaysian Palm Oil Board | Extraction of carotenes, vitamin E and other minor components from natural fats and oils with supercritical fluids |
CN108046991A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-18 | 佛山手心制药有限公司 | A kind of method that edestan recycling ethyl alcohol recycles |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB781809A (en) * | 1955-05-24 | 1957-08-28 | Maria Anna Moricz Smith | Carotenoid recovery |
GB1356749A (en) * | 1971-06-03 | 1974-06-12 | Hag Ag | Method of production vegetable fats and oils |
-
1987
- 1987-11-27 GB GB8727870A patent/GB2212806B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-04-19 MY MYPI88000388A patent/MY103363A/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB781809A (en) * | 1955-05-24 | 1957-08-28 | Maria Anna Moricz Smith | Carotenoid recovery |
GB1356749A (en) * | 1971-06-03 | 1974-06-12 | Hag Ag | Method of production vegetable fats and oils |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
Bailey's Industrial Oil * |
Wiley & Sons. pages 215. * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5157132A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1992-10-20 | Carotech Associates | Integrated process for recovery of carotenoids and tocotrienols from oil |
DE4429506B4 (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 2007-09-13 | Degussa Gmbh | Process for the extraction of natural carotenoid dyes |
WO2001079355A1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-25 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Agriculture And Agri-Food | Separation of carotenoids from fruits and vegetables |
DE102004041612B4 (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2013-04-11 | Malaysian Palm Oil Board | Extraction of carotenes, vitamin E and other minor components from natural fats and oils with supercritical fluids |
WO2007045057A2 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2007-04-26 | Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro-Ufrj | Process for extraction of carotenoids |
WO2007045057A3 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2007-10-18 | Univ Rio De Janeiro | Process for extraction of carotenoids |
WO2009149941A1 (en) * | 2008-06-14 | 2009-12-17 | Michael Tistl | Skin cleansing cloth and method for the production thereof |
CN108046991A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-18 | 佛山手心制药有限公司 | A kind of method that edestan recycling ethyl alcohol recycles |
CN108046991B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2020-07-28 | 佛山手心制药有限公司 | Method for recycling ethanol from fructus cannabis |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2212806B (en) | 1991-10-02 |
MY103363A (en) | 1993-06-30 |
GB8727870D0 (en) | 1987-12-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5498411A (en) | Method for preparing a food containing nonsaponifiable matter of avocado oil containing an increased amount of fraction H | |
JP5021879B2 (en) | Methods for extracting avocado furan lipid compounds and polyhydroxylated fatty alcohols, compositions and treatments based on the compounds, use of the compounds in beauty and food | |
CA1078250A (en) | Stabilization of purified coffee oil | |
KR100719860B1 (en) | Method for extracting unsaponifiable matters from vegetable oils using chloro-1-butane, composition containing said unsaponifiable matters | |
US4548755A (en) | Process for the extractive production of valuable natural waxes | |
GB2273442A (en) | Extracts of cucurbita sp.and their use in medicaments and cosmetics | |
AU2022201003B2 (en) | Process for producing oils and defatted meal by means of solid/liquid extraction | |
GB2212806A (en) | Recovery of carotenes | |
DK165732B (en) | PROCEDURE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF OIL SERENOA REPENS FRUITS | |
JPH08253764A (en) | Method of extracting antioxidant | |
Holser et al. | Hybrid Hibiscus seed oil compositions | |
RU2125459C1 (en) | Method of preparing biologically active substance from sea buckthorn raw | |
US2615808A (en) | Preparation of cottonseed meal | |
Fupi et al. | Mafura nut oil and meal: processing and purification | |
KR20120022526A (en) | Production method of extracted olive oil obtained from olive fruit and olive leaf, extracted olive oil produced by the production method, and method for reducing green-smell deriving from olive leaf in extracted olive oil obtained from olive fruit and olive leaf | |
EP0111732A3 (en) | Process for the preparation of raw materials from autumn leaves, its use and a device for carrying out the process | |
JP3272072B2 (en) | Method for producing vegetable oil containing lignans | |
US2345099A (en) | Process for treating fish livers | |
RU2245627C1 (en) | Biologically active oil manufacture process | |
USUKI et al. | Reasons for the high proportion of pheophytin in edible plant oils | |
KR900004679B1 (en) | A process for the extraction of sundrops fat by the solvent of high pressure high density c02 | |
CN113801738A (en) | Preparation method of natural spice extract | |
JPS62108876A (en) | Production of vitamin e | |
Child et al. | The Seed Fat of Litsea longifolia Bth. & Hk. | |
JPS611354A (en) | Extraction of oil seed by solvent |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 20071126 |