GB2204658A - Cylinder liners - Google Patents
Cylinder liners Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2204658A GB2204658A GB08810066A GB8810066A GB2204658A GB 2204658 A GB2204658 A GB 2204658A GB 08810066 A GB08810066 A GB 08810066A GB 8810066 A GB8810066 A GB 8810066A GB 2204658 A GB2204658 A GB 2204658A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- cylinder liner
- ceramic
- composite
- liner according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J10/00—Engine or like cylinders; Features of hollow, e.g. cylindrical, bodies in general
- F16J10/02—Cylinders designed to receive moving pistons or plungers
- F16J10/04—Running faces; Liners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
- F02F7/0087—Ceramic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
- F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
- F05C2203/0804—Non-oxide ceramics
- F05C2203/083—Nitrides
- F05C2203/0843—Nitrides of silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/131—Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1328—Shrinkable or shrunk [e.g., due to heat, solvent, volatile agent, restraint removal, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
Description
2 2, 0 4 6 5 8 1 - Cylinder Liners The present invention relates to
cylinder Liners for internal combustion engines and particularly to composite cylinder Liners comprising metals and ceramic material for insulation purposes.
It is well known that the thermal efficiency of an internal combustion engine may be improved by reducing the quantity of heat rejected from the engine during running. One method of achieving such a reduction is to improve the heat insulating ability of the cylinder.
The use of ceramic cylinder Liners has been proposed ceramic materials suffer from being unreliable subjected to tensile stresses.
but when It is not feasible to fit monolithic ceramic cylinder Liners into existing engines having cast iron Liners due to the strength limitations of most ceramics.
According to the present invention a-cyLinder Liner for an internal combustion engine comprises a metal outer sleeve having therein a composite ceramic sleeve extending over at Least a part of the Length of the Liner and which composite sleeve is held by compressive hoop stresses under all normal engine operating conditions wherein the composite ceramic sleeve comprises an inner sleeve of a first ceramic material having deposited on the outer diameter thereof a Layer of a second ceramic material having a Lower coefficient of thermal conductivity than the first ceramic.
The composite sleeve may comprise, for example., a sleeve of silicon nitride having on the outer diameter thereof a layer of zirconia.
The zirconia may, spraying.
for example, be deposited by plasma In such a construction the silicon nitride sleeve provides the running surface of the cylinder and has the necesssary properties of good thermal shock-resistance and corrosion-resistance whilst the zirconia layer provides much enhanced thermal insulation due to the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the plasma sprayed material being approximately 10% that of silicon nitride.
3 - Preferably the metal outer sleeve is. made of steel.
The composite ceramic sleeve may be shrink-fitted into the metal sleeve by heating of the Latter sleeve. The mechanical interference between the outer sleeve and the ceramic sleeve should be such that the ceramic sleeve is held under compressive stress for all engine operating conditions.
In order that the present invention may be more fully understood examples will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings of which:
Figure 1 shows a section, including the axis, through -a cylinder liner according to the present invention; and Figure 2 shows part of a second embodiment of a cylinder liner according to the present invention.
Referring now to Figure 1 where the cylinder shown generally at 10. The cylinder liner comprises a steel outer sleeve 11 having a composite ceramic sleeve 12 therein extending over the working length of the cylinder liner and which composite sleeve itself comprises two materials. The sleeve 12 comprises an inner cylinder sleeve 13 of reaction-bonded silicon nitride (RBSN) having a layer 14 of partially stabilised zirconia (PSZ) thereon.
1 i n e r i S 4 - The Layer 14 may be formed by -plasma spraying, for example. The composite sleeve 12 is shrink-fitted to the steel sleeve 11. The sleeve 11 is first heated to 2600C whereupon the inner sleeve 12 is inserted so that the Lower edge 16 of the sleeve 12 abuts the step of the inwardly turned flange 17. The degree of hoop stress imposed by the steel sleeve 11 on the ceramic sleeve 12 is very high in the cold condition and may be close to the yield point of the steel and the compressive strength of the ceramic sleeve. This ensures that the ceramic is held in compression even when the steel has heated up during running of the engine.
A cylinder liner as described above having a bore of about 80mm, an 817M40 to BS970 steel sleeve 11 of wall thickness about 6mm, an RBSN wall thickness of 4mm and a PSZ wall thickness of 2mm was constructed for a single cylinder diesel test engine. The diesel engine used for the test normally has a cast iron cylinder liner. The engine was further equipped with a monolithic ceramic piston and a partially in sulated cylinder. Running temperatures of the cylinder liner in the upper cylinder region were increased by 1300C, an increase of 60% over the conventional cylinder liner when using the same piston and cylinder h e a d.
- -1 During one test of the engine thepiston failed leaving the connecting rod to thrash about in the cylinder. No damage other than scoring of the cylinder liner was caused.
The cylinder liner on the running surface may be treated with, for example, a chromium oxide containing material as a porosity sealant to improve fuel consumption and to reduce friction between the rings and liner.
Although the invention has been described with reference to RBSN and PSZ other ceramics may of course be used and may, for example, include sintered silicon nitride, sialon or silicon carbide.
As is shown in Figure 2 the composite cylinder sleeve 12 may extend only partially along the total cylinder length. The liner may be in the form of an internal cuff ending above the extent of travel of the topmost piston ring (not shown).
The steel used for the outer sleeve 11 will be dependent upon the relative thicknesses of the metal outer sleeve and the composite ceramic sleeve and the stress which it is desired to impart to the ceramic. Where the outer sleeve is relatively thick a mild steel may suffice.
Claims (1)
- A cylinder Liner for an internal combustion engine, the Liner comprising a metal outer sleeve having therein a composite ceramic sleeve extending over at Least a part of the Length of the Liner and which composite sleeve is held by compressive hoop stresses under aLL normal engine operating conditions and wherein the composite ceramic sleeve comprises an inner sleeve of a first ceramic material having deposited on the outer diameter thereof a Layer of a second ceramic material having a Lower coefficient of thermal conductivity than the first ceramic.A cylinder liner according to claim 1 wherein the composite ceramic sleeve extends over the working length of the liner.3. A cylinder liner according to either claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the outer sleeve is made of steel.A cylinder liner according to any one preceding claim wherein the inner sleeve of the composite ceramic sleeve comprises silicon nitride.1 5. A cylinder liner according to any one preceding claim wherein the layer of second ceramic material comprises zirconia.6. A cylinder liner according to any one preceding claim wherein the layer of second ceramic material is deposited by plasma spraying.A cylinder liner according to any one preceding claim wherein the composite ceramic sleeve is shrink-fitted inside the metal outer sleeve.8. A cylinder liner substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying specification and either Figure 1 or Figure 2 of the drawings.1 Published 1988 at The Patent Office, State House, 66.171 High Holborn, London WC1R 4TP. F4jrther copies maybe obtained from The Patent Office, Sales Branch, St Mary Cray, Orpington, Kent BR5 3RD. Printed by Multiplex techniques ltd, St Mary Cray, Kent, Con, 1/87.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB878711605A GB8711605D0 (en) | 1987-05-16 | 1987-05-16 | Cylinder liners |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8810066D0 GB8810066D0 (en) | 1988-06-02 |
GB2204658A true GB2204658A (en) | 1988-11-16 |
GB2204658B GB2204658B (en) | 1991-03-13 |
Family
ID=10617458
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB878711605A Pending GB8711605D0 (en) | 1987-05-16 | 1987-05-16 | Cylinder liners |
GB8810066A Expired - Fee Related GB2204658B (en) | 1987-05-16 | 1988-04-28 | Cylinder liners |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB878711605A Pending GB8711605D0 (en) | 1987-05-16 | 1987-05-16 | Cylinder liners |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4921734A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0292040B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3872310T2 (en) |
GB (2) | GB8711605D0 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19614505C1 (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1997-08-21 | Festo Kg | Actuator pneumatic piston-cylinder unit |
EP1965068A1 (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2008-09-03 | DEUTZ Power Systems GmbH | Air gap insulation on a cylinder socket |
WO2012076292A1 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-14 | Geist, Bertwin | Cylinder of a reciprocating piston machine and reciprocating piston machine |
WO2022042937A1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-03 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Cylinder sleeve or cylinder for an internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2514097B2 (en) * | 1990-03-15 | 1996-07-10 | 帝国ピストンリング株式会社 | Cylinder liner |
US5239956A (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1993-08-31 | Detroit Diesel Corporation | Internal combustion engine cylinder heads and similar articles of manufacture and methods of manufacturing same |
US5222295A (en) * | 1992-04-07 | 1993-06-29 | Dorris Jr John W | Method for repairing diesel engine cylinder blocks |
US5249554A (en) * | 1993-01-08 | 1993-10-05 | Ford Motor Company | Powertrain component with adherent film having a graded composition |
US5562079A (en) * | 1995-02-23 | 1996-10-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | Low-temperature, near-adiabatic engine |
DE19605946C1 (en) * | 1996-02-17 | 1997-07-24 | Ae Goetze Gmbh | Cylinder liner for internal combustion engines and their manufacturing process |
DE69635495D1 (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 2005-12-29 | Us Environmental Prot Agency W | LOW TEMPERATURE NEAR ADIABATICALLY WORKING MACHINE |
US6213064B1 (en) * | 1998-06-16 | 2001-04-10 | Wing Ping Geung | Double throw engine |
DE10026290B4 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2007-05-24 | Audi Ag | Cylinder crankcase for an internal combustion engine |
US6662773B2 (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2003-12-16 | Audi Ag | Cylinder crankcase for an internal combustion engine |
US20050188738A1 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-01 | George Rauscher | Forged flange cylinder liner and method of manufacture |
US7726273B2 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2010-06-01 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | High strength steel cylinder liner for diesel engine |
JP4669318B2 (en) * | 2005-05-11 | 2011-04-13 | カヤバ工業株式会社 | Cylinder barrel |
US7191770B1 (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2007-03-20 | Brunswick Corporation | Insulated cylinder liner for a marine engine |
JP2007231830A (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-13 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Piston for internal combustion engine |
DE102006021176A1 (en) * | 2006-05-06 | 2007-11-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Crankcase for internal combustion engine has stiffening part with weave or grid structure that extends approximately over entire height of cylinder liner |
DE102006057839A1 (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Mahle International Gmbh | Cylinder for a combustion engine comprises a tapered section formed as a material coating applied on the running surface of the cylinder in the region above an upper annular mirror point |
DE102007003135B3 (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-03-06 | Peak Werkstoff Gmbh | Manufacturing multi-cylinder engine block and crank case, fastens metal strip around cylinder liner to assist location in mold used for casting block |
US20080202461A1 (en) * | 2007-02-26 | 2008-08-28 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Engine cylinder sleeve heater and method |
DE102009019377A1 (en) | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-11 | Herzog, Hans-Georg, Dr. Ing. | Method for operating a real machine, thermodynamical diesel engine according to diesel- or wire-circuit process with partial adiabatic components, which comprise emulsifier composition for diesel emulsions and vegetable oil emulsions |
US20120304954A1 (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-12-06 | Caterpillar Inc. | Cylinder liner with a case on a cuff-ring groove |
BR112014005411A2 (en) | 2011-09-07 | 2017-04-04 | Federal-Mogul Corp | cylinder shell, and method for manufacturing the same |
CN102434435A (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-05-02 | 安庆市佰联无油压缩机有限公司 | Oil-free lubrication high-pressure air compressor |
CN103437896B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2016-06-15 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Air cylinder device and manufacture method thereof |
JP5528647B1 (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-06-25 | 信也 ▲高▼原 | Piston type internal combustion engine |
JP6168034B2 (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2017-07-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Thermal spray coating, engine having the same, and method for forming thermal spray coating |
CN104930058B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2018-03-16 | 合肥精创科技有限公司 | The TC bearings and its manufacture method of a kind of ceramet composite construction |
CN105414546A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-23 | 宁波市群星粉末冶金有限公司 | Light wear-resisting automobile engine cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof |
US9945318B2 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2018-04-17 | Hyundai Motor Company | Cylinder block |
KR20170127903A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-11-22 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Cylinder Liner for Insert Casting and Method for Manufacturing thereof |
CN108361120A (en) * | 2017-01-27 | 2018-08-03 | 中原内配集团(美国)有限责任公司 | Cylinder jacket with different thermal conductivities |
US10253721B2 (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2019-04-09 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Cylinder liner for internal combustion engine |
US10934967B2 (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2021-03-02 | Tenneco Inc. | Thermal barrier cylinder liner insert |
US20230349319A1 (en) * | 2022-05-02 | 2023-11-02 | Enginuity Power Systems, Inc. | Multi-fuel engines and related methods |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0110488A1 (en) * | 1982-10-25 | 1984-06-13 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | An engine part |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB643435A (en) * | 1948-04-24 | 1950-09-20 | Norton Co | Liners for cylinders |
JPS5675940A (en) * | 1979-11-21 | 1981-06-23 | Toshiba Corp | Cylinder for internal combustion engine |
JPS6018621B2 (en) * | 1981-05-21 | 1985-05-11 | 日本碍子株式会社 | engine parts |
JPS5978980A (en) * | 1982-10-22 | 1984-05-08 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | Metal substrate surface and ceramic joint mechanism |
DE3346394C2 (en) * | 1983-12-22 | 1986-09-04 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Hollow, tubular ceramic body |
US4608321A (en) * | 1984-02-20 | 1986-08-26 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Ceramic and metal composite body |
US4774926A (en) * | 1987-02-13 | 1988-10-04 | Adams Ellsworth C | Shielded insulation for combustion chamber |
-
1987
- 1987-05-16 GB GB878711605A patent/GB8711605D0/en active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-04-28 GB GB8810066A patent/GB2204658B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-29 DE DE8888200847T patent/DE3872310T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-29 EP EP88200847A patent/EP0292040B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-11 US US07/192,711 patent/US4921734A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0110488A1 (en) * | 1982-10-25 | 1984-06-13 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | An engine part |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19614505C1 (en) * | 1996-04-12 | 1997-08-21 | Festo Kg | Actuator pneumatic piston-cylinder unit |
US6415706B1 (en) | 1996-04-12 | 2002-07-09 | Festo Ag & Co. | Actuator |
EP1965068A1 (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2008-09-03 | DEUTZ Power Systems GmbH | Air gap insulation on a cylinder socket |
WO2012076292A1 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-14 | Geist, Bertwin | Cylinder of a reciprocating piston machine and reciprocating piston machine |
US9488274B2 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2016-11-08 | Bertwin R. Geist | Cylinder of a reciprocating piston machine and reciprocating piston machine |
WO2022042937A1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-03 | Federal-Mogul Burscheid Gmbh | Cylinder sleeve or cylinder for an internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4921734A (en) | 1990-05-01 |
GB8810066D0 (en) | 1988-06-02 |
EP0292040A3 (en) | 1989-09-20 |
EP0292040A2 (en) | 1988-11-23 |
DE3872310T2 (en) | 1993-02-11 |
GB8711605D0 (en) | 1987-06-24 |
EP0292040B1 (en) | 1992-06-24 |
DE3872310D1 (en) | 1992-07-30 |
GB2204658B (en) | 1991-03-13 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19990428 |