GB2202321A - Burner for the production of synthetic gas - Google Patents

Burner for the production of synthetic gas Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2202321A
GB2202321A GB8706136A GB8706136A GB2202321A GB 2202321 A GB2202321 A GB 2202321A GB 8706136 A GB8706136 A GB 8706136A GB 8706136 A GB8706136 A GB 8706136A GB 2202321 A GB2202321 A GB 2202321A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
fuel
oxygen
burner
slit
outlet means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB8706136A
Other versions
GB8706136D0 (en
Inventor
Maarten Johannes Van Der Burgt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority to GB8706136A priority Critical patent/GB2202321A/en
Publication of GB8706136D0 publication Critical patent/GB8706136D0/en
Publication of GB2202321A publication Critical patent/GB2202321A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0943—Coke
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

A burner adapted to be mounted in a fixed topfiring position in a reactor 2 for producing synthesis gas by the partial combustion of a carbon-containing fuel, comprises a fuel supply channel 3 for the reactor, the channel being provided with a fuel outlet 5 consisting of a first tray 6 and a second tray 7, the outer rims of said trays forming a thin fuel slit in such a way that the said outlet means have an angle with the longitudinal axis of the burner in the range of 15 to 70 degrees; an oxygen supply channel 4 for the supply of oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas, the channel having an outlet 9. The oxygen outlet debouches into at least one oxygen slit 10 adjacent to the said fuel slit in such a way that the outlet has an angle with the direction of the fuel outlet in the range of 5 to 45 degrees. <IMAGE>

Description

BURNER FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE BURNER The present invention relates to a burner adapted to be mounted in a fixed axially symmetrical position in a reactor for producing synthesis gas by the partial combustion of a carboncontaining fuel. The invention also relates to a method for operating the burner.
Synthesis gas, consisting mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is produced by partial combustion of finely divided fuel with a substoichiometric amount of a combustion medium like pure oxygen or an oxygen containing gas such as air. Depending on the composition of the combustion medium the synthesis gas may also contain other substances, which may be useful or may be considered pollutants.
In gasification processes, usually fuel in a finely divided state is passed with a carrier gas to a reactor zone via a burner, while the combustion medium is either added to the fuel flow inside the burner or separately introduced into said reactor zone. Great care must be taken that the reactants are effectively mixed with each other. If the reactants are not brought into intimate contact with each other, the oxygen and fuel flow will follow at least partially independent paths inside the reactor. Since the reactor zone is filled with mainly hot carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the oxygen will rapidly react with these gases instead of with the fuel. The so formed very hot combustion products carbon dioxide and steam will also follow independent paths having poor contact with the relatively cold fuel flow.This behaviour of the oxygen will result in local hot spots in the reactor, thereby possibly causing damage to the reactor refractory lining and increased heat fluxes to the burner(s) applied.
Sufficient mixing of the fuel and the oxygen can be achieved by adding the oxygen to the fuel flow in the burner itself. A disadvantage of this method is that, in particular at high pressure gasification, the design and operation of the burner are highly critical. The reason for this is that the time elapsing between the moment of mixing and the moment the fuel/oxygen mixture enters into the reactor should be invariably shorter than the combustion induction time of the mixture, to prevent premature combustion inside the burner. Moreover, the velocity of the mixture inside the burner should be higher than the flame propagation velocity in order to prevent flashback. However, the combustion induction time shortens and the flame propagation velocity increases at a rise in gasification pressure.Further, if the burner is operated at a low fuel load, the combustion induction time or flashback condition might easily be reached in the burner itself, resulting in overheating and possibly damage to the burner.
The problems of premature combustion in the burner itself or flashback will not occur if the fuel and the oxygen are mixed outside the burner in the reactor space itself. This requires special measures to be taken to ensure a sufficient mixing, which is necessary for an effective gasification of the fuel. It is an object of the invention to provide a burner which achieves an efficient mixing.
Therefore, the invention provides a burner adapted to be mounted in a fixed axially symmetrical position in a reactor for producing synthesis gas by the partial combustion of a carboncontaining fuel, said burner comprising: fuel supply means for the supply of the fuel to the reactor, said means being provided with fuel outlet means consisting of a first tray and a second tray, the outer rims of said trays forming a thin fuel slit in such a way that the said outlet means have an angle with the longitudinal axis of the burner in the range of 15 to 70 degrees;; oxygen supply means for the supply of oxygen or an oxygencontaining gas, said means being provided with oxygen outlet means, wherein the said oxygen outlet means debouch into at least one oxygen slit adjacent to the said fuel slit in such a way that the said oxygen outlet means have an angle with the direction of said fuel outlet means in the range of 5 to 45 degrees.
The method for operating the burner of the invention comprises the steps of supplying fuel into the reactor under an angle with the longitudinal axis of the burner in the range of 15 to 70 degrees and supplying oxygen into the reactor under an angle with the direction of said fuel in the range of 5 to 45 degrees.
It should be noted that the burner according to the invention is suitable for any type of solid fuel that can be gasified, such as lignite, wood, bitumen, soot and petroleum coke, and/or can be used for liquid fuels and/or gaseous fuels.
An advantageous embodiment of the present invention is formed by a burner wherein the angle between the direction of fuel outlet means and the oxygen outlet means is in the range of 30 to 45 degrees. Using such a burner causes the streams of fuel and oxygen impinge very efficiently on each other, thus ensuring optimum mixing of the fuel and the oxygen.
Another advantageous embodiment is formed by a burner wherein the width of the fuel slit is in the range of 0.2 to 2 cm or more advantageously is 0.5 cm.
In yet another advantageous embodiment the burner has oxygen outlet means which debouch into two oxygen slits adjacent to the said fuel slit, each oxygen slit on either side of the fuel slit.
This construction enables the fuel to be supplied at a high flow rate, which flow is easily penetrated by the two oxygen supply flows.
The invention will now be described by way of example in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which the Figs. 1 and 2 show schematically vertical cross-sectional views of burners according to the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the burner comprises a vertically extending hollow shaft 1, mounted in any way suitable for the purpose in a reactor 2 (only partially represented for reasons of clarity) at the top thereof, the shaft comprising fuel supply means 3 and co-axial oxygen supply means 4. The longitudinal axis A of the reactor 2 coincides with the axis of the shaft 1. The fuel supply means 3 are provided with fuel outlet means 5 consisting of a first tray 6 and a second tray 7, the outer rims of which trays form a thin fuel slit 8. Advantageously, the diameter of the trays is in the range of 5 to 50 cm. Mechanical details of the trays have not been represented for reasons of clarity. The oxygen supply means 4 is provided with oxygen outlet means 9 debouching into an oxygen slit 10, which is adjacent to the fuel slit 8.The slits 8 and 10 constitute exit openings for the fuel and the oxygen respectively, which openings are rotation-symmetrical in relation to the longitudinal axis A. The angle a (alpha) between the axis A of the reactor and the symmetry-plane B of the fuel outlet means 5 is in the range of 15 to 70 degrees (advantageously 30 to 45 degrees).
The angle ss (beta) between the said plane B and the symmetry-plane C of the oxygen outlet means 9 is in the range of 5 to 45 degrees, in particular 30 to 45 degrees. Advantageously, the width d of the fuel slit is in the range of 0.2 to 2 cm, in particular 0.5 cm and the width of the oxygen slit is the same as the fuel slit.
Fig. 2 represents an advantageous embodiment of the burner of the invention, wherein the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1 have been used. The angles alpha, beta and the symmetry-planes B, C are not represented for reasons of clarity. The burner comprises two oxygen slits adjacent to the fuel slit 8, each oxygen slit 10 on either side of the fuel slit 8. Advantageously, in this embodiment the width of the oxygen slit is 0.5 times the width of the fuel slit.
The operation of the burner is as follows.
Fuel to be converted into synthesis gas, e.g. pulverised coal, is fed to the burner through the fuel supply means 3 in the vertical shaft 1 and then passes to the fuel outlet means 5, whereupon it leaves the burner through the fuel slit 8. At the same time, a combustion medium, e.g. oxygen, is introduced into the burner through the oxygen supply means 4 in the vertical shaft 1 and then passes to the oxygen outlet means 9, whereupon it leaves the burner through the oxygen slit 10. Since the slits 8 and 10 are thin and positioned close to each other at an angle of 5 to 45 degrees, the slits are contacted at their periphery with the oxygen and just outside the slits a very intensive mixing of the fuel and the oxygen occurs.
Typical velocities employed inside the burner are 8-15 m/s for the fuel in the fuel slit and 80-120 m/s for the oxygen in the oxygen slit.
Various modifications of the present invention not mentioned in the foregoing will become apparent to the skilled in the art.
Such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A burner adapted to be mounted in a fixed axially symmetrical position in a reactor for producing synthesis gas by the partial combustion of a carbon-containing fuel, said burner comprising: fuel supply means for the supply of the fuel to the reactor, said means being provided with fuel outlet means consisting of a first tray and a second tray, the outer rims of said trays forming a thin fuel slit in such a way that the said outlet means have an angle with the longitudinal axis of the burner in the range of 15 to 70 degrees;; oxygen supply means for the supply of oxygen or an oxygencontaining gas, said means being provided with oxygen outlet means, wherein the said oxygen outlet means debouch into at least one oxygen slit adjacent to the said fuel slit in such a way that the said oxygen outlet means have an angle with the direction of said fuel outlet means in the range of 5 to 45 degrees.
2. The burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle between the direction of fuel outlet means and the oxygen outlet means is in the range of 30 to 45 degrees.
3. The burner as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, wherein the width of the fuel outlet means adjacent to the fuel slit is in the range of 0.2 to 2 cm.
4. The burner as claimed in claim 3, wherein the width of the fuel outlet means is 0.5 cm.
5. The burner as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the said oxygen outlet means debouch into two oxygen slits adjacent to the said fuel slit, each oxygen slit on either side of the fuel slit.
6. Burner substantially as described in the description by reference to Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
7. A method for operating the burner as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of supplying fuel into the reactor range of 15 to 70 degrees and supplying oxygen into the reactor under an angle with the direction of said fuel in the range of 5 to 45 degrees.
8. Method for operating a burner substantially as described in the description.
GB8706136A 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 Burner for the production of synthetic gas Withdrawn GB2202321A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8706136A GB2202321A (en) 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 Burner for the production of synthetic gas

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8706136A GB2202321A (en) 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 Burner for the production of synthetic gas

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8706136D0 GB8706136D0 (en) 1987-04-23
GB2202321A true GB2202321A (en) 1988-09-21

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ID=10613997

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8706136A Withdrawn GB2202321A (en) 1987-03-16 1987-03-16 Burner for the production of synthetic gas

Country Status (1)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5886056A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-03-23 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Rapid injection process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas (law 560)
US5935489A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-08-10 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Distributed injection process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas
US5980596A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-11-09 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Multi-injector autothermal reforming process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas (law 565).
US5980782A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-11-09 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Face-mixing fluid bed process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107245352A (en) * 2017-07-19 2017-10-13 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 Organic waste treatment device and method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5886056A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-03-23 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Rapid injection process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas (law 560)
US5935489A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-08-10 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Distributed injection process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas
US5980596A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-11-09 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Multi-injector autothermal reforming process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas (law 565).
US5980782A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-11-09 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Face-mixing fluid bed process and apparatus for producing synthesis gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8706136D0 (en) 1987-04-23

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