GB2197422A - Height adjustment mechanism for swivel chairs and other articles of furniture - Google Patents
Height adjustment mechanism for swivel chairs and other articles of furniture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2197422A GB2197422A GB08626740A GB8626740A GB2197422A GB 2197422 A GB2197422 A GB 2197422A GB 08626740 A GB08626740 A GB 08626740A GB 8626740 A GB8626740 A GB 8626740A GB 2197422 A GB2197422 A GB 2197422A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- gas cylinder
- body member
- reinforcing sleeve
- spigot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C3/00—Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats
- A47C3/20—Chairs or stools with vertically-adjustable seats
- A47C3/30—Chairs or stools with vertically-adjustable seats with vertically-acting fluid cylinder
Abstract
A gas cylinder of adjustable height for swivel chairs or other articles of furniture is reinforced by a steel sleeve 14 having a bore diameter which is a tight fit on the upper end of an upper tubular body member 1 of the gas cylinder. The sleeve 14 has a lip 16 which engages a shoulder 3 formed where a spigot (2) is provided at the upper end of the body member 1. The sleeve 14 is made from cold finished steel tubing having a yield strength in the range 320 to 560N/mm<2> and is forced axially onto the body member by means of a press. The sleeve 14 may be covered with a shrunk-on plastics sleeve 20. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Height adjustment mechanism for swivel chairs and other articles of furniture
This invention relates to height adjustment mechanisms including a gas cylinder for the seats of swivel chairs or table tops or other surfaces the height of which is to be adjusted. For ease of description height adjustment of merely the seats of swivel chairs will be referred to hereinafter but it is to be understood that such references are to be regarded as including similar height adjustment mechanisms of table tops and height-adjustable surfaces of other articles of furniture.
In such height adjustment mechanisms the gas cylinder comprises an upper tubular body member formed at its upper end with an axially extending spigot on which the seat is mounted.
The tubular body member forms or encloses a working cylinder in which a piston is slidable.
The piston is on the upper end of an upright piston rod anchored to the floor-engaging base of the chair. The working cylinder is filled, on both sides of the piston, with gas at high pressure and the gas cylinder is provided with a valve to control a gas-flow passage from one side of the piston to the other. Normally the valve is closed, restricting movement of the piston. The closed valve locks the height adjustment in a set position. When the valve is opened flow of gas from one side of the piston to the other can occur allowing movement of the piston and thus alteration of the height adjustment to a new set position.
The valve is usually disposed at the head of the working cylinder and may be operated by an arm acting on a plunger extending axially from the upper end of the tubular body member but, in gas cylinders known as side-release gas cylinders, the valve is operable by an arm which extends through an aperture in the side of the wall of the tubular body member immediately below the seat or other surface.
The upper end of the tubular body member is subjected to bending moments by the occupant of the chair and particularly in the region immediately below the point of attachment of the seat to the body member. Fatigue fracture of the body member is apt to occur as a result of this stress with the risk of explosive failure of the gas cylinder involving the ejection of components exposed to the high gas pressure in the gas cylinder. Side-release gas cylinders are particularly vulnerable in this respect. Failure almost invariably occurs in the region of the aperture in the tubular body member provided for the valve operating arm.
It is an object of the present invention to improve the safety in this respect of gas pressure spring height adjustment mechanisms.
According to a first aspect the present invention consists in a gas cylinder of a height adjustment for swivel chairs or other articles of furniture, the gas cylinder having an upper tubular body member formed at its uper end with an axially extending spigot smaller in diameter than the tubular member wherein the gas cylinder is reinforced by a steel sleeve having a cylindrical wall with an inwardly turned lip at its upper edge, the cylindrical wall having a bore diameter which is a tight fit on the body member below the spigot and the inwardly curved lip defining an opening which will receive the spigot but not the body member below the spigot and the inwardly curved lip engaging the shoulder formed in the tubular body member by the axially extending spigot.
The tight fit of the reinforcing sleeve is preferably a force fit which is a light drive fit requiring the use of a light press for the assembly of the reinforcing sleeve on the upper tubular body member.
For side release gas cylinders a hole is pierced through the cylindrical wall of the reinforcing sleeve in register with the aperture in the tubular member for the operating arm.
The steel reinforcing sleeve may be covered by a plastics sleeve of thermally-shrinkable material, such as celluloid caused to contract upon the steel sleeve by the application of heat.
The plastics sleeve provides a protective finish to the reinforcing sleeve and can also be decorative. For side release gas cylinders the plastics sleeve will also have a hole in register with the hole in the reinforcing sleeve.
To ensure that the reinforcing sleeve grips the tubular body member satisfactorily the sleeve should have an interference fit on the body member and be fitted by the use of a press to force the sleeve axially onto the tubular member.
According to a second aspect the present invention consists in a method of reinforcing a gas pressure spring of a height adjustment for swivel chairs or other articles of furniture of the kind which has an upper tubular body member formed at its upper end with an axially extending spigot smaller in outside diameter than the body member comprising the steps of forming a reinforcing sleeve with a cylindrical wall and an inwardly turned lip at its upper end from steel tube having a bore diameter which is a tight fit on the body member below the spigot, forming the inwardly turned lip on one end of the tube so as to define an opening which will allow the spigot to pass through but not the body member below the spigot, placing the sleeve over the spigot with the lip uppermost and, with the aid of a press, forcing the cylindrical wall of the sleeve down the tubular member as far as the lip will allow.
According to a third aspect the present invention consists in a reinforcing sleeve for a gas cylinder of a height adjustment mechanism for swivel chairs or other articles of furniture, the sleeve having a cylindrical wall with an inwardly turned lip at its upper edge defining a circular opening the diameter of which is less than the bore diameter of the sleeve, the sleeve being made from cold finished seamless or electric resistance or induction welded steel having a yield strength in the range 320 to 560 N/mm2, the tube being finished with a bore diameter equal to that required in the cylindrical wall of the sleeve and the lip being cold formed.
The use of cold finished tube which is not subjected to subsequent heat treatment or to hot working in the forming of the lip results in a sleeve having a high yield strength. This is an important attribute as the reinforcing sleeve must be able to conform to deflections of the tubular body member, due to gas pressure and bending moments, without permanent deformation and consequent loosening of its grip on the body member.
The reinforcing sleeve must be strong enough to strengthen the body tube adequately but not be too rigid as it must allow the body tube to deflect to a certain extent.
In this respect the wall thickness of the reinforcing sleeve is important and wall thicknesses between 1.57 mm and 4.76 mm may be used. The greater wall thicknesses within the range are preferred though the wall thickness may be reduced as the tensile strength of the material chosen increased.
The materials of the tensile strength within the ranges specified become more liable to result in slackening of the grip of the reinforcing sleeve and even fatigue fracture with increase of tensile strength. Materials having yield strengths within the range 320 to 450 N/mm2 are preferred.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic section on line I-I in Fig. 2 of part of a side-release gas cylinder height adjustment for a swivel chair or other article of furniture;
Figure 2 is a section on line ll-ll in Fig. 1;
Figures 3, 4 and 5 show stages in the manufacture of a reinforcing sleeve for the gas cylinder of Fig. 1;
Figure 6 is a plan view of the reinforcing sleeve of Fig. 5;
Figure 7 illustrates a stage in the assembly of the reinforcing sleeve on the gas cylinder; and
Figure 8 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the reinforcing sleeve of Figs. 5 and 6 fitted to the gas cylinder height adjustment of Fig. 1.
The gas cylinder height adjustment shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is of a known kind and, when fitted to a swivel chair, is usually mounted in a pillar tube supported in an upright position by a floor pedestal. The height adjustment has an outer tube 1 which is rotatable and axially has an outer tube 1 which is rotatable and axially slidable in the pillar tube under the control of the gas cylinder. At its upper end the outer tube 1 is formed with a tapering tubular spigot 2 to which is clamped the seat of the chair or a part, such as a table top, of some other article of furniture the height of which is to be adjustable. At the junction of the spigot 2 with the remainder of the outer tube 1 a shoulder 3 is formed. In the region of the shoulder 3 the outer tube 1 is lined by a stop member 4 which is complementary to the internal shape of the outer tube 1 at the shoulder.The stop member 4 has three depending legs against the lower ends 5 of which abuts a plug 6 fitting the bore of the outer tube 1. The lower end of the plug 6 is reduced in diameter to receive the bore of a cylindrical liner 7 which the plug 6 locates co-axially in the outer tube 1 leaving an annular passage 8 between them.
Slidable in the bore of the cylinder liner 7, but not shown in the drawings, there is a piston mounted on the upper end of a piston rod which extends through a gland in a bottom plug of the cylinder liner 7 and outer tube 1. The lower end of the piston rod is anchored to the base of the pillar tube or the pedestal. The annular passage 8 extends the full length of the cylinder liner 7 and is open to the bore of the cylinder liner 7 below the piston through passages in the bottom plug. A valve 9, normally closed, is openable by actuation of a lever 10 which extends laterally through an aperture in the wall of the outer tube 1 just below the shoulder 3. The gas cylinder is charged with inert gas under high pressure. When the valve is open gas can flow from one side of the piston to the other through the annular passage 8 the passages in the bottom plug and passages 12 in the plug 6 allowing the piston to move in the cylinder liner 7 to permit height adjustment.
The spigot is subject to bending loads in normal use of swivel chairs and other furniture and explosive fatigue fracture of the outer tube 1 has been known to occur and always at the crosssection containing the opening 11 indicated by the line 13 in Fig. 2. If this happens the plug 6 is no longer held by the stop tube 4 and is forcibly ejected under the very high pressure in the gas cylinder.
The reinforcing sleeve according to the present invention indicated by the reference 14 in Figs.
5, 6 and 7 is provided to strengthen this region.
The sleeve 14 is made from a length of seamless steel tube 15 (Fig. 3) having a bore which is a tight fit on the outside diameter of the outer tube 1 below the shoulder 3. The initial length of the tube is approximately equal to the bore diameter of the tube. The upper end of the tube
15 is formed with an inwardly curved lip 16 defining a circular opening 17 the diameter of which is less than the bore diameter of the tube 15. After the formation of the lip 16 a hole 18 is pierced through the wall of the tube 15 to complete the sleeve 14. To assemble the reinforcing sleeve 14 on the gas cylinder height adjustment the lever 10 is first removed. The sleeve 14 is passed down over the spigot 2 until its lower end reaches the shoulder 3. The hole 18 is lined up with the aperture 11 in the outer tube 1.A small press tool 19 is then used, as illustrated in
Fig. 7, to push the sleeve 14 down the outer tube 1 until it is prevented from going further by the engagement of the lip 16 with the shoulder 3. A sleeve 20 (Fig. 8) of thermally shrinkable plastics material such as heat shrink P.V.C. is placed around the sleeve 14 and subjected to a hot air blower to shrink the plastics sleeve 20 tight onto the metal sleeve 14. A hole in the sleeve 19 corresponds to the hole 15 and the two holes are arranged to coincide. The sleeve 20 provides a protective finish for the sleeve 14 and may bear printed matter. Finally the lever
10 is re-fitted by inserting it through the hole 15 and the aperture 11. Fig. 8 shows the completed assembly.
In the particular example illustrated and described the reinforcing sleeve has a wall thickness of
14 Standard Wire Gauge (2.03 mm) and a bore diameter of 27.87 mm with a manufacturing tolerance of +or- 0.025 mm for use on a tubular body member of 28mm outside diameter.
The reinforcing sleeve is made of cold finished steel tube having an ultimate tensile strength of the order of 520 N/mm2 and a yield strength of about 415 N/mm2. This is steel C in the table of seamless steel tubes given below.
The plastics sleeve 20 is of heat shrinkable P.V.C. initially 37 mm long 33 mm diameter and 0.15 mm thick. The reinforcing sleeve 14 is about 25 mm long and thus shorter than the sleeve 20. After shrinking, the plastics sleeve contrasts not only on the circumference of the reinforcing sleeve 14 but over the exposed edges at both ends of the metal sleeve 14.
Table I below gives the chemical composition (ladle analysis) and mechanical properties of hard, cold finished seamless steels suitable for the reinforcing sleeve. In each steel the phosphorous and sulphur contents do not exceed 0.05%.
TABLE I
Hard, cold finished seamless steel tube
Steel Chemical Composition Mechanical Properties
Carbon Silicon Manganese Yield Tensile Elongation
str. str. at fracture
min. min. min.
% % % N/mm2 N/mm2 %
A 0.20 0.35 0.90 360 450 6
max max max
B 0.20 0.10 - 0.60 - 360 450 6
max 0.35 1.00
C 0.25 0.35 1.20 415 520 5
max max
D 0.23 0.50 1.50 480 600 4
max max max
E 0.30 - 0.35 0.50 - 470 590 5
0.40 max 0.90
F 0.20 - 0.35 1.20 - 560 700 4
0.30 max 1.50
The reinforcing sleeve may be made of electric resistance or induction welded steel manufactured from flat rolled strip, longitudinally welded continuously by the passage of an electric current across the abutting edges without the addition of filler metal subsequently cold finished on at least the inside surface. Welded tube may be hard, cold finished that is cold finished as
shown with no heat treatment after the last cold finishing drawing process.The chemical
composition and mechanical properties of suitable hard, cold finished welded steel tubes are
given in Table II below. In each steel the phosphorous and sulphur contents do not exceed
0.05%.
TABLE II
Hard, cold finished electric resistance or
induction welded tube
Steel Chemical Composition Mechanical Properties
Carbon Silicon Manganese Yield Tensile Elongation
max max max str. str. at fracture
min min min % % % N/mm2 N/mm2 t G 0.13 - 0.60 320 400 6
H 0.16 - 0.70 355 420 6
I 0.20 0.35 0.90 360 450 6
J 0.25 0.35 1.20 415 520 5
K 0.23 0.50 1.50 480 600 4
Certain soft, cold finished electrical resistance or induction welded steel tubes are also suitable
for the manufacture of the reinforcing sleeve. Soft, cold finished steel tubes are given oniy a
light finishing cold pass after the last heat treatment.Only those steel tubes in this class which
are of higher tensile strength are suitable for the reinforcing sleeve as the light, final, cold
finishing process does not increase the yield strength to the same extent as in hard, cold finished steel tube.
The chemical compositions and mechanical properties of suitable soft, cold finished welded
steel tubes are given in Table Ill below. In each steel the phosphorous and sulphur contents do
not exceed 0.05%.
TABLE III
Soft, cold finished electric resistance or
induction welded tube
Steel Chemical Composition Mechanical Properties
Carbon Silicon Manganese Yield Tensile Elongation
max max max str. str. at fracture % % % N/mm2 N/mm2 min
L 0.25 0.35 1.20 315 450 8
M 0.23 0.50 1.50 385 550 6
The reinforcing sleeve should be a light force fit on the upper, tubular body member. For example for body members of usual size of the order of 25 to 30 mm outside diameter the bore of the reinforcing sleeve should be within -0.035 to -0.155 of the outside diameter of the body member. Such body members are usually made within close manufacturing tolerances but where there is any appreciable deviation between body members of the same nominal size it may be necessary to provide a range of sizes of reinforcing sleeves to ensure the correct fit.
Claims (17)
1. A gas cylinder of a height adjustment for swivel chairs or others articles of furniture, the gas cylinder having an upper tubular body member formed at its upper end with an axially extending spigot smaller in diameter than the tubular member wherein the gas cylinder is reinforced by a steel sleeve having a cylindrical wall with an inwardly turned lip at its upper edge, the cylindrical wall having a bore diameter which is a tight fit on the body member below the spigot and the inwardly curved lip defining an opening which will receive the spigot but not the body member below the spigot and the inwardly curved lip engaging the shoulder formed in the tubular body member by the axially extending spigot.
2. A gas cylinder according to claim 1 wherein the tight fit of the reinforcing sleeve is a force fit which is a light drive fit requiring the use of a light press for the assembly of the reinforcing sleeve on the upper tubular body member.
3. A gas cylinder according to claim 2 wherein for body members of 25mm to 30mm outside diameter the bore of the reinforcing sleeve is within -0.035mm to --0.155mm of the outside diameter of the body member.
4. A gas cylinder according to any preceding claim and which is a side release gas cylinder wherein a hole is pierced through the cylindrical wall of the reinforcing sleeve in register with the aperture in the tubular member for an operating arm.
5. A gas cylinder according to any preceding claim wherein the steel reinforcing sleeve is covered by a plastics sleeve of thermally-shrinkable material, caused to contract upon the steel sleeve by the application of heat.
6. A gas cylinder according to claim 5 wherein the thermally-shrinkable material is celluloid.
7. A method of reinforcing a gas cylinder of a height adjustment for swivel chairs or other articles of furniture of the kind which has an upper tubular body member formed at its upper end with an axially extending spigot smaller in outside diameter than the body member comprising the steps of forming a reinforcing sleeve with a cylindrical wall and an inwardly turned lip at its upper end from steel tube having a bore diameter which is a tight fit on the body member below the spigot, forming the inwardly turned lip on one end of the tube so as to define an opening which will allow the spigot to pass through but not the body member below the spigot, placing the sleeve over the spigot with the lip uppermost and, with the aid of a press, forcing the cylindrical wall of the sleeve down the tubular member as far as the lip will allow.
8. A reinforcing sleeve for a gas cylinder of a height adjustment mechanism for swivel chairs or other articles of furniture, the sleeve having a cylindrical wall with an inwardly turned lip at its upper edge defining a circular opening the diameter of which is less than the bore diameter of the sleeve, the sleeve being made from cold finished seamless or electric resistance or induction welded steel having a yield strength in the range 320 to 560 N/mm2, the tube being finished with a bore diameter equal to that required in the cylindrical wall of the sleeve and the lip being cold formed.
9. A reinforcing sleeve according to claim 8 of which the wall thickness is in the range 1.57mm to 4.75mm.
10. A reinforcing sleeve according to claim 8 or claim 9 made from hard, cold finished seamless tube of any one of the steels A to F listed in Table I hereof.
11. A reinforcing sleeve according to claim 8 or claim 9 made from hard, cold finished electric resistance or induction welded tube of any one of the sheets G to K listed in Table II hereof.
12. A reinforcing sleeve according to claim 8 or claim 9 made from soft, cold finished electric resistance or induction welded tube of steel L or steel M listed in Table Ill hereof.
13. A reinforcing sleeve according to claim 8 wherein the reinforcing sleeve has a wall thickness of 2.03mm and a bore diameter of 27.87mm + or - 0.025mm and is made of cold finished steel tube having an ultimate tensile strength of 520 N/mm2 and a yield strength of 415N/mm2.
14. A reinforcing sleeve substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
15. A gas cylinder fitted with a reinforcing sleeve according to any one of preceding claims 8 to 14.
16. A reinforcing gas cylinder of a height adjustment for swivel chairs or other articles of furniture substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
17. A method of reinforcing a gas cylinder of a height adjustment for swivel chairs or other articles of furniture substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8626740A GB2197422B (en) | 1986-11-08 | 1986-11-08 | Height adjustment mechanism for swivel chairs and other articles of furniture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8626740A GB2197422B (en) | 1986-11-08 | 1986-11-08 | Height adjustment mechanism for swivel chairs and other articles of furniture |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8626740D0 GB8626740D0 (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| GB2197422A true GB2197422A (en) | 1988-05-18 |
| GB2197422B GB2197422B (en) | 1991-06-26 |
Family
ID=10607034
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8626740A Expired - Fee Related GB2197422B (en) | 1986-11-08 | 1986-11-08 | Height adjustment mechanism for swivel chairs and other articles of furniture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2197422B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1262123A2 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-04 | Stabilus GmbH | Supporting column |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4280602A (en) * | 1979-10-22 | 1981-07-28 | Alvey, Inc. | Strut suspension repair structure |
| GB2159402A (en) * | 1984-06-01 | 1985-12-04 | Stabilus Gmbh | A continuously adjustable levelling column |
| US4557470A (en) * | 1983-07-22 | 1985-12-10 | Wilhelm Link Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gas pressure spring with a safety device |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1365551A (en) * | 1971-06-02 | 1974-09-04 | Girling Ltd | Seals |
| DE3312753C2 (en) * | 1983-04-09 | 1996-05-09 | Fichtel & Sachs Ag | Strut with knuckle mount |
| FR2556622B1 (en) * | 1983-12-16 | 1987-12-11 | Socalfram | SOLDERED BOTTOM TUBE, PARTICULARLY FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A GAS SPRING UNDER HIGH PRESSURE |
-
1986
- 1986-11-08 GB GB8626740A patent/GB2197422B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4280602A (en) * | 1979-10-22 | 1981-07-28 | Alvey, Inc. | Strut suspension repair structure |
| US4557470A (en) * | 1983-07-22 | 1985-12-10 | Wilhelm Link Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gas pressure spring with a safety device |
| GB2159402A (en) * | 1984-06-01 | 1985-12-04 | Stabilus Gmbh | A continuously adjustable levelling column |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1262123A2 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2002-12-04 | Stabilus GmbH | Supporting column |
| EP1262123A3 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2004-01-28 | Stabilus GmbH | Supporting column |
| US7188819B2 (en) | 2001-06-01 | 2007-03-13 | Stabilus Gmbh | Object-support column |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8626740D0 (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| GB2197422B (en) | 1991-06-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19951108 |