GB2194375A - Liquid crystal display driving arrangement - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display driving arrangement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2194375A GB2194375A GB08706688A GB8706688A GB2194375A GB 2194375 A GB2194375 A GB 2194375A GB 08706688 A GB08706688 A GB 08706688A GB 8706688 A GB8706688 A GB 8706688A GB 2194375 A GB2194375 A GB 2194375A
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- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- segment
- backplane
- signal
- levels
- active
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
- G09G3/16—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/18—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3622—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using a passive matrix
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a drive arrangement for a liquid crystal display. This arrangement is characterised in that it comprises a circuit 20 producing a certain number of backplane signals for non-specific application to the respective backplane electrodes A, B of the display 10, which circuit 20 also produces selective segment signals for application to the segment electrode S. The present invention finds an application in the field of displays. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Liquid crystal display driving arrangement
This invention relates to an arrangement for driving a liquid crystal display.
It is known to provide a multiplexing drive arrangement for a liquid crystal display but the signals required for application to the display electrodes are complex in that they involve multiple voltage levels.
We have now devised an arrangement which reduces the number of voltage levels required to drive a multiplexed liquid crystal display.
In accordance with this invention, there is provided a driving arrangement for a multiplexed liquid crystal display, comprising means for generating a plurality of backplane signals for indefinite application to respective backplane electrodes of the display, and means for generating selective segment signals for application to a segment electrode of the display, each of said backplane and segment signals switching between two levels and serving to drive selected segments according to the particular segment signal which is selected and applied to said segment electrode.
In preferred embodiments of this invention, the backplane signals are of respective, repeating patterns and they are applied continuously and indefinitely to the respective backplane electrodes. The segment signals are also of respective, repeating patterns, each differing from the others, but at any given time only a selected one of the segment signals is applied to the segment electrode, and determines which (if any) segments of the liquid crystal display are active or "on" (these segments being disposed between the segment electrode and the respective backplane electrodes). Each of the backplane and segment signals switches between only two voltage levels and this enables the signals to be generated in straightforward manner using standard digital techniques, even though the pattern or waveform of some of the signals is relatively complex.
The embodiments to be described herein are examples of two-way and three-way multiplexing systems but the principles of the invention are applicable more generally (i.e. to four-way etc. multiplexing systems).
Embodiments of this invention will now be described by way of examples only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIGURE 1 is a schematic section through a liquid crystal display having two backplane electrodes and showing diagrammatically a driving arrangement for this display;
FIGURE 2 shows at (a) and (b) the waveforms of signals for application to respective backplane electrodes of the display shown in
Figure 1;
FIGURE 3 shows at (a)-(d) the waveforms of signals for selective application to a segment electrode of the display shown in Figure 1;
FIGURE 4 shows at (a)-(d) the drive voltages appearing between a segment electrode and the two backplane electrodes of the display shown in Figure 1, for each of the four selectable segment signals shown in Figure 3;;
FIGURE 5 is a schematic section through a liquid crystal display having three backplane electrodes;
FIGURE 6 shows at (a)-(c) the waveforms of the backplane signals for the display of
Figure 5;
FIGURE 7 shows at (a)-(h) the waveforms of selectable segment signals for the display of Figure 5;
FIGURE 8 shows at (a) and (b) the drive voltages appearing between a segment electrode and two of the backplane electrodes of the display of Figure 5, when a particular one of the selectable signals is applied to the segment electrode;
FIGURE 9 shows another example of signals for application to the backplane electrodes of the display shown in Figure 1;
FIGURE 10 shows segment signals for use with the backplane signals of Figure 9;;
FIGURE 11 shows another example of signals for application to the backplane electrodes of the display shown in Figure 5; and
FIGURE 12 shows segment signals for use with the backplane signals of Figure 11.
Referring to Figure 1, there is shown schematically a liquid crystal display 10 and a driving arrangement 20 for this. The display comprises a liquid crystal substrate 12 having two backplane electrodes A, B applied to its rear face, and a segment electrode S applied to its front face. In practice the display will be pm- vided with a plurality of segment electrodes, each arranged to be independently energised from the driving arrangement 20. Each such segment electrode, for example electrodeS, defines segments 14, 16 with the respective backplane electrodes. According to the signal selected and applied to the segment electrode at a given time, either or both or neither of the segments 14, 16 will be "on". The display shown in Figure 1 is thus a two-way multiplexing display.
The driving arrangement 20 has outputs 21, 22 applying backplane signals, shown at (a) and (b) respectively of Figure 2, to the backplane electrodes A and B. These signals comprise repeating patterns or waveforms, switching between two voltage levels (0 and X), and they are continuously and indefinitely applied to the respective backplane electrodes A, B. It will be noted that each backplane signal has a repeating pattern of overall period T, divided into eight time units t and consisting of first and second blocks each of four time units, with the pattern in the second block being the inverse of the pattern in the first block. Thus, the pattern of backplane signal (a) can be written as "01001011" for the eight time units making up its overall period T, and backplane signal (b) can be written as "00011110" for its overall period T, which is synchronised with backplane signal (a).
The driving arrangement 20 also has an output 24 for applying any selected one or four different signals, shown at (a)-(d) of Figure 3, to the segment electrode S of the display.
Each of these selectable segment signals has a repeating pattern of overall period T, synchronised with the backplane signals of Figure 2, and the period T being divided into eight time units t. As in the backplane signals, each segment signal has, in each period T, first and second blocks each of four time units t, with the pattern in the second block being the inverse of the pattern in the first block. Thus, the pattern of segment signal (a) can be written as "10100101", segment signal (b) as "10010110", segment signal (c) as "01101001", and segment signal (d) as "01011010".
Figure 4 shows the drive voltages appearing between segment electrode S and the respective backplane electrodes A and B, in the four possible cases (i.e. of the different segment signals (a)-(d) of Figure 3 being selected and applied one-at-a-time to segment electrode S).
At Figure 4(a), it is assumed that segment signal (a) of Figure 3 is applied to segment electrode S: when consideration is given to the respective backplane signals of Figure 2 in comparison to the segment signal (a), it will be seen that the two voltage waveforms of
Figure 4(a) will appear between the respective backplane electrodes A, B and electrode S.
These two waveforms are different, but they both alternate between +X and -X volts and both have the same root-mean-square (RMS) value of 0.866X (in that, for each overall period or cycle time T = 8t, the voltage level is IX for a total of 6t: the RMS value is then given by V6x1/8.X. The waveforms of Figure 4(a) therefore drive the two segments 14, 16 active or "on" By similar considerations, it is readily seen that Figure 4 at (b)-(d) shows the voltage waveforms appearing between the respective backplane electrodes and the segment electrodes for the other selectable segment sig nals -shown in Figure 3.Figure 4(b) shows the voltage waveforms appearing when- the segment signal (b) of Figure 3 is selected and applied to the segment electrode. The waveform associated with backplane electrode A is different from the previous case, but still alternates and exhibits an RMS value of 0.866X.
However, the waveform associated with backplane electrode B alternates but has a voltage level of IX for only 2t in each cycle T, so that its corresponding RMS value is 0.5X. In this case therefore, there is a significant difference between the RMS values of the voltages appearing between the segment electrode and the respective backplane electrodes, so that segment 14 (to backplane electrode A) is effectively "on" and the other segment 16 (to backplane electrode B) is effectively "off". It will be noted that the ratio of the two RMS values is 0.866X : 0.5X or 1.73, which provides for fully satisfactory differentiation between the "on" and "off" conditions of the liquid crystal display segments.
Figure 4(c) shows the alternating voltage waveforms when the segment signal of Figure 3(c) is applied: in this case it will be apparent that the segment 14 to electrode A is "off" and the segment 16 to electrode B is "on".
Figure 4(d) shows the fourth possible case, with the segment signal of Figure 3(d), and in this case both segments 14 and 16 are "off".
A 2-way multiplex system has been described with reference to Figures 1 to 4 i.e.
the single segment electrode S co-operates with two backplane electrodes A, B to drive two segments 14, 16. The principles of the invention are however equally applicable to higher-order (e.g. 3-way, 4-way etc.) multiplex systems. One set of rules will now be described, generally applicable to an M-way multiplex system (i.e. having the single segment electrode and M backplane electrodes to drive
M segments of the display). According to these rules, the overall period or cycle time T of each signal pattern is divided into 4M time units t: T = 4Mt. In each signal, two equal blocks of 2M time units t can be identified, making up the period T, the pattern in the second block being the inverse of the pattern in the first block.In the first block of 2M time units, each backplane signal is "active" for two time units: if there are backplane electrodes A, B ..., electrode A would be "active" for the first two time units t, B would be active for the second two time units, and so on. In the first block, an "active" signal pattern can be written "01" (consisting of a time unit of level 0 followed by a time unit of voltage level X) and an inactive pattern as "00". Thus for example, the signal pattern for backplane electrode C of a 4-way multiplex system would be represented as follows:
First block of 2M(=8) time units : 00000100
Full period of 4M(= 1 6)time units 0000010011111011 For the segment signals, in the first block of 2M time units, the segment associated with a particular backplane electrode is addressed in the same 2 time units as that backplane electrode. For an active segment, in the first block of 2M time units the segment signal is "10", and for an inactive segment it is "01".
Therefore in a 4-way multiplex system, the segment signal for segments A and B "on" and segments C and D "off" would be:
First block of 2M (=8) time units: 10100101
Full period of 4M(=16) time units: 1010010101011010
The set of rules described above apply to the 2-way multiplex system described with reference to Figures 1 to 4 and in particular apply to the backplane and segment signals shown in Figures 2 and 3.
By way of further example, Figure 5 shows a 3-way multiplex system and Figures 6 to 8 show signal patterns applicable to this, the backplane and segment signals being formulated according to the same set of rules described above.
Thus, in the embodiment of Figure 5, the liquid crystal display 10 is provided with three backplane electrodes A, B, C: as in Figure 1, a single segment electrode S is shown but in practice a plurality will be provided and independently driven. For each segment electrode
S, three display segments 14, 16, 18 are defined with respect to the three backplane electrodes A, B, C. The driving arrangement has outputs 21-23 applying the signals shown at (a) (c) of Figure 6 to the respective backplane electrodes A-C, and an output 24 applying to segment electrode S any selected one of the eight different segment signals shown at (a)-(h) in Figure 7. The effect of these different segment signals is given in Figure 7 by the notation e.g. ABC (meaning segments 14, 16, 18 are all "on") or e.g.A B C (meaning segments 14 and 18 are "on" and segment 16 is "off"). Figure 8 shows the voltage waveforms between each of backplane electrodes A and B and segment electrode S for segment signal (c) of Figure 7. For backplane electrode A and segment 14, the RMS value of the waveform is 0.816X because the voltage level is IX for a total of 8 of the 12 time units t. For backplane electrode B and segment 16, the RMS value of the waveform is 0.577X because the voltage level is IX for only 4 of the 12 time units t. Whichever segment signal (a)-(h) of Figure 7 is selected, each segment will experience an alternating waveform of RMS either 0.816X or 0.577X, although usually differing in pattern from the precise waveforms shown in Figure 8.The ratio of these RMS values is 1.41 and sufficient to provide a satisfactory differentiation between the "on" and "off" conditions of the segments of the liquid crystal display.
The set of rules which has been described are given by way of one example and further examples of signal patterns are given in Figures 9 and 10 (for a 2-way multiplex system) and Figures 11 and 12 (for a 3-way multiplex system).
Referring to Figure 9, (a) and (b) show the patterns for the two backplane signals. In the first block of 2M = 4 time units t, an active pattern can be written "01" and an inactive pattern "11". Thus electrode A is active for the first two time units and electrode B is active for the second two time units. The pattern in the second block of 4 time units is the inverse of the pattern in the first block. Referring to Figure 10, again the selected segment signal addresses each segment in the same two time units as the respective backplane signal, as in the rules described previously.
However, the pattern in the first block is "10" for each segment if both are to be active or "on"-see (a). If only one segment is to be active, the pattern is "11" for the active segment and "00" for the other-see (c) and (d). If both segments are to be inactive the pattern is "01" for each segment if both are to be inactive-see (b). Again, in each segment signal the pattern in the second block of 4 time units is the inverse of the pattern in the first block.
Referring to Figure 11, (a)-(c) show the patterns for the three backplane signals. In the first block of 2M = 6 time units t, an active pattern can be written "01" and an inactive pattern "00". The pattern in the second block of 6 time units is the inverse of the pattern in the first block. Referring to Figure 12, (a)-(h) show the selectable segment signals. Each of these addresses each segment in the same two time units as the respective backplane signal. However, the pattern in the first block is "10" for each segment, if all are to be active-see (c). If all segments are to be inactive or "off", the pattern in the first block is "01" for each segment-see (a).If only one segment is to be active, the pattern in the first block is "00" for that segment and "01" and "11" for the following two segments-see (b) for example. If only one segment is to be inactive, the pattern in the first block is "11" for that segment and "10" and "00" for the following two segments see (f) for example. In each segment signal, the pattern in the second block of 6 time units is the inverse of the pattern in the first block.
For the 2-way multiplex signals of Figures 9 and 10 and for the 3-way multiplex signals of
Figures 11 and 12, the voltage waveforms which appear across the respective segments will be alternating signals having the same
RMS values as the signals shown in Figures 4 and 8.
It will be appreciated that the backplane and segment signals can all be generated in a straightforward manner using standard digital techniques in view of their 2-level nature. Accordingly, the drive arrangement is simplified relative to known drive arrangements for liquid crystal displays.
Claims (11)
1. A driving arrangement for a multiplexed liquid crystal display, comprising means for generating a plurality of backplane signals for indefinite application to respective backplane electrodes of the display, and means for generating selective segment signals for application to a segmentelectrode of the display, each of said backplane and segment signals switching between two levels and serving to drive selected segments according to the particular segment signal which is selected and applied to said segment electrode.
2. A driving arrangement as claimed in claim
1, in which said backplane signals are of respective, repeating patterns applied continuously and indefinitely to the respective backplane electrodes.
3. A driving arrangement as claimed in claim
1 or 2, in which the selective segment signals are each of respective repeating patterns.
4. A driving arrangement as claimed in claim 3, in which, for an M-way multiplex system, the overall period T of the repeating pattern of each backplane and segment signal comprises 4M time units t consisting of two equal blocks of 2M time units, the pattern in the second said block being the inverse of the pattern in the first said block.
5. A driving arrangement as claimed in claim 4, in which each backplane signal is active for a respective pair of time units in each said block, and the segment signal is active in the same pair of time units if the segment associated with that backplane signal is to be active.
6. A driving arrangement as claimed in claim 5, in which, in said first block, each backplane signal is active for its said pair of time units if of levels 0 and 1 in those successive time units.
7. A driving arrangement as claimed in claim 5 or 6, in which, in said first block, each segment signal is active for a pair of time units if of levels 1 and 0 in those successive time units.
8. A driving arrangement as claimed in claim 7 appended to claim 6, in which in the first block the backplane signal is inactive if of levels "00" and the segment signal is inactive if of levels "01".
9. A driving arrangement as claimed in claim 6, in which for a 2-way multiplex system and in the first block, the backplane signal is inactive if of levels "11" and the segment signal is (a) of levels "10" for each segment if both are active, (b) of levels "01" if both segments are inactive, and (c) of levels "11" for an active segment and "00" for the other if only one segment is active.
10. A driving arrangement as claimed in claim 6, in which for a 3-way multiplex system and in the first block, the backplane signal is inactive if of levels "00" and the segment signal is (a) of levels "10" for each segment if all are active, (b) of levels "01" if all segments are inactive, (c) of levels "00" for a single active segment and "01" and "11" for the following two segments, and (d) of levels "11" for a single inactive segment and "10" and "00" for the following two segments.
11. A driving arrangement for a multiplexed liquid crystal display, substantially as herein described with reference to Figures 1 to 4,
Figures 5 to 8, Figures 1 and 9 and 10, or
Figures 5 and 11 and 12 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868606956A GB8606956D0 (en) | 1986-03-20 | 1986-03-20 | Liquid crystal display driving arrangement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8706688D0 GB8706688D0 (en) | 1987-04-23 |
| GB2194375A true GB2194375A (en) | 1988-03-02 |
Family
ID=10594959
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868606956A Pending GB8606956D0 (en) | 1986-03-20 | 1986-03-20 | Liquid crystal display driving arrangement |
| GB08706688A Withdrawn GB2194375A (en) | 1986-03-20 | 1987-03-20 | Liquid crystal display driving arrangement |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868606956A Pending GB8606956D0 (en) | 1986-03-20 | 1986-03-20 | Liquid crystal display driving arrangement |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62270923A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR870009251A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3709044A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2596186A1 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB8606956D0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2875937A1 (en) * | 2004-09-28 | 2006-03-31 | Seb Sa | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A MULTI-SEGMENT LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4288792A (en) * | 1977-12-28 | 1981-09-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electronic apparatus with time-division drive |
| GB1597779A (en) * | 1977-07-01 | 1981-09-09 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Method and device for driving an electro-optical display device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3999180A (en) * | 1971-10-04 | 1976-12-21 | Rockwell International Corporation | Multiplex driver system for liquid crystal display |
| US4271410A (en) * | 1978-08-10 | 1981-06-02 | Rockwell International Corporation | LCD Data processor driver and method |
-
1986
- 1986-03-20 GB GB868606956A patent/GB8606956D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-03-19 DE DE19873709044 patent/DE3709044A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-03-19 FR FR8703835A patent/FR2596186A1/en active Pending
- 1987-03-19 JP JP62067753A patent/JPS62270923A/en active Pending
- 1987-03-20 GB GB08706688A patent/GB2194375A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-03-20 KR KR870002547A patent/KR870009251A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1597779A (en) * | 1977-07-01 | 1981-09-09 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Method and device for driving an electro-optical display device |
| US4288792A (en) * | 1977-12-28 | 1981-09-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electronic apparatus with time-division drive |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62270923A (en) | 1987-11-25 |
| DE3709044A1 (en) | 1987-09-24 |
| GB8706688D0 (en) | 1987-04-23 |
| GB8606956D0 (en) | 1986-04-23 |
| KR870009251A (en) | 1987-10-24 |
| FR2596186A1 (en) | 1987-09-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |