GB2189425A - Improvements relating to fibre reinforced resin, lattice-type structures - Google Patents
Improvements relating to fibre reinforced resin, lattice-type structures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2189425A GB2189425A GB08708413A GB8708413A GB2189425A GB 2189425 A GB2189425 A GB 2189425A GB 08708413 A GB08708413 A GB 08708413A GB 8708413 A GB8708413 A GB 8708413A GB 2189425 A GB2189425 A GB 2189425A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- former
- lattice
- resin
- channels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
- B29C53/56—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally
- B29C53/564—Winding and joining, e.g. winding spirally for making non-tubular articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
- B29C70/205—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres the structure being shaped to form a three-dimensional configuration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/347—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation combined with compressing after the winding of lay-ups having a non-circular cross-section, e.g. flat spiral windings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D28/00—Producing nets or the like, e.g. meshes, lattices
- B29D28/005—Reticulated structure comprising reinforcements of substantial or continuous length
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
- E06C7/18—Devices for preventing persons from falling
- E06C7/185—Devices providing a back support to a person on the ladder, e.g. cages
Abstract
A rigid former (1) defines a number of interconnected channels (2) in a desired lattice array, along which reinforcing fibres e.g. of glass, are wound or laid under tension, the fibres either being pre-impregnated with resin, or alternatively the resin being injected after emplacement of the fibres in the channels. After resin curing, the former (1) may be removed, or alternatively the former may remain as part of the article. The mesh strands may be overlaid with further fibres and resin, to effectively form the mesh structure into a network of interconnected ribs. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements relating to lattice-type structures
This invention is concerned with the production of lattice-type structures. Currently such structures are made from rolled steel sections welded or bolted together or perhaps from reinforced concrete. It would be advantageous to fabricate such structures from glass fibre or otherfibre reinforced plastics as they have inherent advantages over the existing materials used. However there has been no process available up to now which could create usable lattice-type structures economically.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of producing a lattice-type structure which comprises providing a former defining profiled channels in an array of the desired lattice shape, laying down fibres under tension by winding them throughout the array of channels, embedding the fibres in a resin, and allowing the resin to cure.
By drawing or laying the fibres under tension into the contours of the mould orformer, the fibres are locked in by the shape and design of the former and are maintained in that shape by the cured resin.
Hence a very strong lattice-type structure can be created in a relatively straightforward manner.
The former may be retained within the lattice-type structure as part of the supporttherefor. In many instances, however, it is envisaged thattheformer will serve the purpose of defining the shape ofthe final article so that the structure will be removed from theformer after curing is complete.
The profiled channels may be open-topped but as a possible alternative the profiled channels can have atopwall defining a slotthrough which the fibres
may be inserted into the channels. The portions of the top wall at least may be resiliently deformable to allow the cured structure to be released. The relevant
parts of the former which need to be resiliently
deformable could be made from a silicone rubber
material which would be laid within the rigid parts of the former. As an alternative the former could be in two parts which are releasably attached to one
another to enable the structure to be removed after
curing by releasing the two parts.
The fibres can comprise wires formed from steel,
aluminium, copper or other high modulus metal. In
the preferred embodimentthe fibres are formed
from carbontibre glass fibre, Kevlar (Trade Mark) or
other reinforced plastics. In this latter case the fibres
could be impregnated or coated with resin before the
placement operation. Generally resin may be
injected into the channels of the former after
emplacement of the fibres.
The fibres may be laid under the control of a
winding machine so that the process could be
entirely automatic. Lattice-type structures which
may be created include ladders, safety cages, grids,
beams and pylons, or such items as bridge beams
and roof support members. The former can additionally be over-wound, partially orwholly, to provide a complete shell with an integral structural
frame for such items as car body frames, submarine shells and aircraft fuselages.
The invention extends also to a lattice-type structure formed by the method ofthis invention as herein before defined.
The invention may be performed in various ways and preferred embodiments thereof will now be described with reference to the accom paying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a former to be used in constructing a lattice-type structure ofthis invention;
Figure2 illustrates a type of structure which might be produced using a former of the type shown in
Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a cross section through a channel created in the former; Figures 4to 7illustrate modified forms of channel construction to be incorporated in the former of
Figure 1; and
Figures Bto 19 illustrate a number of alternative structural designs of lattice-type structures of this invention.
A rigid former 1 shown in Figure 1 defines a number of interconnected channels 2 creating an array of channels in a desired lattice shape. Glass fibres are wound throughout the channels 2 by being drawn or laid under tension. The path taken by the fibres follows the arrows A, B, C, D and E, across the end of the former 1 and then backthrough the channels defined by the arrows F, D, G, B and H and back again to the starting point via an undercut channel I. The fibres are impregnated with resin before the placement operation or alternatively the resin is injected after emplacement of the fibres.
After curing of the resin the item is removed from the former 1.
The former shown in Figure 1 would be used, for example, to form a ladder structure and could of course be extended in length orwidth as required and to produce ladders having any desired number of rungs, and possibly an integral safety cage, such as is illustrated in Figure 2. The former could be of a shapeforconstructing such items as grids, beams or pylons.
Figure 3 illustrates the shape of the channels 2 and shows a channel filled with fibres 3 in a resin matrix.
The cured item can be lifted out of these channels 2.
In an alternative arrangement, as illustrated in
Figure 4, the channel 2 is formed with a top wall 4 incorporating a slotS through which the fibres may be inserted for incorporation in the required manner in the channel 2. The top wall 4 at least will beformed from a resilient material (for example, silicone rubber) so that the cured structure can be removed from the former by forcing aside the parts ofthetop wall 4.Achannel insertformedfrom a resilient material and having a shape as shown in Figure4 could be employed for incorporation in a rigid channel 2 of the former 1.
Figures 5 and 6 illustrate modifications of the formers of Figures 3 and 4 fabricated in two parts 1A and 1 B which can be detached from one another, to enable the cured structure to be released with ease.
Figure 7 shows how the fibres 3 and curing resin may also be overlaid onto an external face of the former 1 priorto subsequent removal after curing ofthe structure.
The construction illustrated in Figure 8 and in the enlarged detail shown in Figure 9 comprises a formermadefrom a pre-moulded rigid foam ora rigid plastics or reinforced plastics material, through which channels 6 have been formed during the moulding process. The channels can be of any configuration such as hoops, longitudinal, horizontal or random, as determined by the design ofthe structure.
As shown in Figure 10 the fibres 7 are laid down in the channels 6 and resin is cured aboutthefibres.
After curing, the former 8 becomes an integral part of the finished structure. Additionally, the whole former could be over-wound orover-laid (as illustrated in Figures 11 and 12) to encase the former either partially orcompletely.
In the alternative constructions shown in Figures 13to 1 the former is constructed from timber beams 9 with channels 10 machined in the outer faces.
Again the fibres are wound, laid or placed in these channels and the resin is allowed to cure as before.
The timber beams remain as part ofthe structure.
In the arrangements shown in Figures 16to 19 the former is constructed from pre-formed sections of plastics steel, aluminium or other convenient material. Joints 10 between the sections can be made by bolting, welding orglueing sothatthe construction defines a number of channels 11 into which resin-impregnated fibres are wound, laid or placed. After curing the former 1 is left in place so that the pre-formed channels become an integral part of the finished item. Various channel shapes may be employed as illustrated in Figures 17 to 19.
Figure 1 additionally shows a unitforwinding the fibres under tension throughout the array of channels 2 intheformer 1. Acontainer 1 2 which is movable on a gantry incorporates a reel of fibre 13.
The fibre is passed through a resin tank 14 and then through a gripping device 1 Swhich enables the required tension to be applied. The fibre 13 then passes round a guide wheel 16 carried on an arm 17 which will be moved through the channels 2 in the desired sequence.
Claims (16)
1. A method of producing a lattice-type structure which comprises providing a former defining profiled channels in an array of the desired lattice shape, laying down fibres under tension by winding them throughout the array of channels, embedding the fibres in a resin, and allowing the resin to cure.
2. Amethod according to claim 1, wherein the profiled channels are open-topped.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the profiled channels have a top wall defining a slot through which the fibres may be inserted into the channels.
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the cured structure is subsequently removed from the former.
5. A method according to claim 3, wherein the portions of the top wall at least are resiliently deformableto allow the cured structure to be released.
6. A method according to claim 3, wherein the former is in two parts which are releasably attached to one another to allow the cured structure to be released.
7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the former forms an integral part of the final structure.
8. A method according to claim 1, wherein the former and the lattice-type structure are fully or partially overwound with fibres in a resin matrix or overlaid with a coating material.
9. A method according to claim 1, wherein the fibres are impregnated or coated with resin before the placement operation.
10. A method according to claim 1, wherein the resin is injected into the channels of the former after emplacement of the fibres.
11. A method according to claim 1, wherein the fibres are laid under control of a winding machine.
12. A lattice-type structure formed by a method as defined in claim 1.
Amendments to the claims have been filed, and have the following effect: *(a) Claims 4to 12 above have been deleted or textually amended.
*(b) New ortextually amended claims have been filed asfollows:
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cured structure is subsequently removed from the former.
5. A method according to claim 3 in combination with claim 4,whereinthe portions of the top wall at least are resiliently deformable to allowthecured structure to be released.
6. A method according to claim 3 in combination with claim 4, wherein the former is in two parts which are releasably attached to one another.
7. A method according to anyone of claims 1 to 3, wherein the former forms an integral part ofthe final structure.
8. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the former and the lattice-type structure are fully or partially overwound with fibres in a resin matrix or overlaid with a coating material.
9. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fibres comprise wires formed from steel, aluminium, copper or other high modulus metal.
10. A method according to any one claims 1 to 8, wherein the fibres are formed from carbon4ibre, glass fibre, Kevlar (Trade Marly or other reinforced plastics.
11. A method according to claim 1 0,wherein the fibres are impregnated or coated with resin before the placement operation.
12. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the resin is injected into the channels of the former after emplacement ofthefibres.
13. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 1 2,wherein the fibres are laid under control of a winding machine.
14. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the lattice-type structure defines a ladder, grid, beam or pylon, or support member, or a shell with an integral structural frame.
15. A method of producing a lattice-type structure substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
16. A lattice-type structure formed by a method as defined in any one of claims 1 to 15.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868608973A GB8608973D0 (en) | 1986-04-12 | 1986-04-12 | Lattice-type structures |
| GB868625015A GB8625015D0 (en) | 1986-10-18 | 1986-10-18 | Lattice-like structures |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8708413D0 GB8708413D0 (en) | 1987-05-13 |
| GB2189425A true GB2189425A (en) | 1987-10-28 |
| GB2189425B GB2189425B (en) | 1990-01-31 |
Family
ID=26290621
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8708413A Expired - Lifetime GB2189425B (en) | 1986-04-12 | 1987-04-08 | Improvements relating to lattice-type structures |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2189425B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2254821A (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1992-10-21 | Motor Panels | Transfer moulded plastics walled structure ,reinforced by fibrous stuctural members. |
| WO1995001868A1 (en) * | 1993-07-10 | 1995-01-19 | 3-D Composites Limited | Composite article and method for manufacturing the same |
| WO2001014128A1 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2001-03-01 | Coretex Structures Limited | Reinforced nodal structure, reinforcement with a core of expansible material and method of moulding an article |
| GB2491190A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-28 | Gurit Uk Ltd | Foam core for a composite laminated article and associated methods of manufacture |
| CN103587112A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-19 | 镇江市高等专科学校 | Glass fiber reinforced plastic product winding constant tension equipment |
| CN103660322A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-03-26 | 嵊州市永盛防火桥架厂 | Combined fireproof bridge span structure forming device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1305198A (en) * | 1969-10-24 | 1973-01-31 | ||
| GB2041858A (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-17 | Kelsey Hayes Co | improvements in and Relating to Torque Transmitting Members |
-
1987
- 1987-04-08 GB GB8708413A patent/GB2189425B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1305198A (en) * | 1969-10-24 | 1973-01-31 | ||
| GB2041858A (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-17 | Kelsey Hayes Co | improvements in and Relating to Torque Transmitting Members |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2254821A (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1992-10-21 | Motor Panels | Transfer moulded plastics walled structure ,reinforced by fibrous stuctural members. |
| GB2254821B (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1995-02-08 | Motor Panels | Moulded walled structures |
| WO1995001868A1 (en) * | 1993-07-10 | 1995-01-19 | 3-D Composites Limited | Composite article and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP4754138B2 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2011-08-24 | コアテックス・ストラクチャーズ・リミテッド | Reinforced node structure reinforced with a core of intumescent material and method of forming product |
| JP2003507226A (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2003-02-25 | コアテックス・ストラクチャーズ・リミテッド | Reinforced node structure reinforced with a core of intumescent material and method of forming product |
| US7169343B1 (en) | 1999-08-24 | 2007-01-30 | Coretex Structures Limited | Method of molding a reinforced nodal structure |
| WO2001014128A1 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2001-03-01 | Coretex Structures Limited | Reinforced nodal structure, reinforcement with a core of expansible material and method of moulding an article |
| GB2491190A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-28 | Gurit Uk Ltd | Foam core for a composite laminated article and associated methods of manufacture |
| GB2491190B (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2013-07-17 | Gurit Uk Ltd | Foam core for a composite laminated article, and manufacture thereof |
| CN103660322A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-03-26 | 嵊州市永盛防火桥架厂 | Combined fireproof bridge span structure forming device |
| CN103660322B (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2016-04-06 | 嵊州市永盛防火桥架厂 | Composite fire-proof crane span structure shaped device |
| CN103587112A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-19 | 镇江市高等专科学校 | Glass fiber reinforced plastic product winding constant tension equipment |
| CN103587112B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-09-30 | 镇江市高等专科学校 | The permanent tension equipment of glass fiber reinforced plastics product wrapping wire |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8708413D0 (en) | 1987-05-13 |
| GB2189425B (en) | 1990-01-31 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Effective date: 20070407 |