GB2186750A - Pulse X-ray apparatus - Google Patents
Pulse X-ray apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2186750A GB2186750A GB08702005A GB8702005A GB2186750A GB 2186750 A GB2186750 A GB 2186750A GB 08702005 A GB08702005 A GB 08702005A GB 8702005 A GB8702005 A GB 8702005A GB 2186750 A GB2186750 A GB 2186750A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- transformer
- charging
- secondary winding
- pulse
- current feedback
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
- H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
- H05G1/08—Electrical details
- H05G1/10—Power supply arrangements for feeding the X-ray tube
- H05G1/22—Power supply arrangements for feeding the X-ray tube with single pulses
- H05G1/24—Obtaining pulses by using energy storage devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/30—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by pulses, e.g. flash lamp
Landscapes
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
Abstract
A pulse X-ray apparatus comprises a charging transformer (1), a high- voltage pulse transformer (8) and a positive current feedback transformer (15). Each of primary windings (17) of the transformer (15) is connected in series to a controlled transistor switch (5, 5', 5'') and to one of primary windings (2) of the transformer (1). A secondary winding (16) of the transformer (15) is connected to an input (19) of a pulse adder-distributor (20) electrically connected to a master oscillator (22) and the switches (5, 5', 5''). A secondary winding (3) of the transformer (1) is connected, via a rectifier (7), to a charging capacitor (6) electrically connected, via a discharger (10), to a primary winding (9) of the transformer (8) having its secondary winding (13) connected, via a peaker discharger (11), to an X-ray tube (12). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Pulse X-Ray Apparatus
The invention relates to X-ray equipment, and more particularly, to pulse X-ray apparatuses.
The invention may be used for nondestructive testing of materials by means of X-ray photography, pulse X-ray photography of rapid processes and
X-ray photography of various organs of patients under field conditions.
Known in the art is a pulse X-ray apparatus comprising a charging transformer having n primary windings without conductive coupling, each winding being connected to a controlled transistor switch, a charging capacitor connected, via a rectifier, to a secondary winding of a charging transformer, a high-voltage pulse transformer having its primary winding connected, via a discharger, to the charging capacitor, a peaker discharger and an X-ray tube which are connected in series and connected to a secondary winding of a high-voltage pulse transformer, and a master oscillator electrically connected to the controlled transistor switches (cf., USSR Inventor's Certificate
No. 961,166, Cl. HO5G 1/24, publ. 1980).
The master oscillator of this apparatus is directly connected to the controlled transistor switches and the charging capacitor is charged from a power source through the controlled transistor switches having a finite resistance in the conductive state and through resistors of the primary windings of the charging transformer and an internal resistor of the power source, which are connected in series with the controlled switches. In this case, when the power source voltage decreases, which often occurs under field conditions when the power source is a storage battery, the operation frequency of the
X-ray apparatus decreases bringing down the integral irradiation dose of the X-ray film, which in turn affects the X-ray film quality (contrast of X-ray photographs deteriorates).In order to improve the image contrast on the X-ray film, exposure time is to be increased which limits the number of highquality X-ray photographs which can be made without recharging the power source storage batteries and cuts down the operation time of the apparatus as a whole.
Furthermore, power consumption from the power source during the charging cycle is not uniform due to different operating conditions of the X-ray apparatus at the beginning of the cycle (the capacitor is still discharged and the operating conditions are close to short circuit conditions) when the consumed power maximum, and at the end of the cycle (the operating conditions are close to no-load conditions) when the power consumption decreases. The drop in power consumption deepens with the X-ray apparatus efficiency. Consequently, the mean supplied to the
X-ray tube also decreases. As a result, in such X-ray apparatus, the mean power of the X-ray dose is rate unstable and the apparatus efficiency is impaired.
It is an object of the invention to stabilize the mean power of the X-radiation dose during power source voltage fluctuations.
It is another object of the invention to improve efficiency of a pulse X-ray apparatus.
The invention resides in that a pulse X-ray apparatus comprises a charging transformer having n primary windings, each winding connected to a controlled transistor switch, a charging capacitor which is connected, via a rectifier, to a secondary winding of the charging transformer, a high-voltage pulse transformer having its primary winding connected via a discharger, to the charging capacitor, a peaker discharger and a X-ray tube which are connected in series and coupled to a secondary winding of the high-voltage pulse transformer, and a master oscillator electrically connected to the controlled transistor switches, a positive current feed-back transformer having a main secondary winding and n primary windings, each primary winding series connected to one of the primarywindings of the charging transformer, and a pulse adder-distributor whose main inputs are connected to the master oscillator and the main secondary winding of the positive current feedback transformer and whose outputs are connected to the controlled transistor switches, the ratio of the number of turns of the primary windings of the positive current feedback transformer and the charging transformer to the reluctance of these transformers meeting the condition:
wl o,
(1)
R1 R2 wherein coi and ( 2 are the number of turns of the primary windings of these transformers;
R1 and R2 are the reluctances of the positive current feedback transformer and the charging transformer, respectively.
In order to improve the apparatus efficiency, it is preferable that the apparatus be provided with a diode having its cathode connected to the common junction point of the primary windings of the charging transformer, and that the positive current feedback transformer have an additional secondary winding having one end connected to the anode of the diode and the secondary winding of the charging transformer and the other end connected to an additional input of the pulse adder-distributor, the number of turns of the additional secondary winding of the positive current feedback transformer meeting the condition:: B S R1 N
(03% (2) In max wherein (1)3 is the number of turns of the additional secondary winding of this transformer;
B and S are the saturation induction and the cross-sectional area of the core of the positive current feedback transformer, respectively;
In max is the maximum value of the total current of the primary windings of the charging transformer;
N is the transformation ratio of the charging transformer.
Such construction of the pulse X-ray apparatus according to the invention makes it possible to stabilize the mean X-ray dose rate during power source voltage fluctuations and improve the apparatus efficiency.
These and other objects of the invention will be apparent from specific embodiments thereof and accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows an electric circuit diagram of a pulse
X-ray apparatus, according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is an electric circuit diagram of a pulse adder-distributor of the apparatus of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is an electric circuit diagram of another embodimemt of a pulse X-ray apparatus, according to the invention;
Fig. 4 is an electric circuit diagram of a pulse adder-distributor of the apparatus of Fig. 3.
A pulse X-ray apparatus, according to the invention, comprises a charging transformer 1 (Fig.
1) having three (or n) primary windings 2 without conductive coupling, one secondary winding 3, a core 4, controlled transistor switches 5, 5', 5" connected to each primary winding 2 of the charging transformer 1, a charging capacitor 6 connected, via a rectifier 7, to secondary winding 3 of the charging transformer 1, a high-voltage pulse transformer 8 having a primary winding 9 which is connected, via a discharger, 10, to the charging capacitor 6, a peaker discharger 11 and an X-ray tube 12 which are connected in series and coupled to a secondary winding 13 of the high-voltage pulse transformer 8 having a core 14.
The pulse X-ray apparatus according to the invention also comprises a positive current feedback transformer 15 having a secondary winding 16, three (or n) primary windings 17, and a core 18, Each primary winding 17 is series connected to one of the primary windings 2 of the charging transformer 1, while the secondary winding 16 is connected to an input 19 of a pulse adder-distributor 20 having its other input 21 connected to the output of a master oscillator 22 and
its three outputs 23, 24 and 25 connected to the controlled transistor switches 5; 5', 5", respectively.
The primarywindings 2 of the charging transformer 1 are connected to a power source +E conventionally shown in the drawing as a terminal.
(The power source +E may be in the form of storage
batteries).
To ensure serviceability ofthe pulse X-ray apparatus according to the invention and to stabilize the mean X-ray dose rate under power source voltage fluctuations, certain ratios between the parameters of the apparatus components should be observed. It is evident that stability of the mean
X-ray dose rate of any pulse X-ray apparatus depends on stability of the discharger operation frequency which, in turn, depends on stability of the mean power in the charging circuit of the charging capacitor. The power is averaged during the charging cycle of the charging capacitor, i.e. during the period from the beginning of the charging process of the fully discharged capacitor to the moment when the discharger operates.
All magnetic field energy stored in the magnetic system comprising windings 2,3 and core 4 of the charging transformer 1 by the moment the current in its primary windings 2 starts to disappear is transferred, practically without losses, to the charging circuit comprising secondary winding 3 of the charging transformer 1rectifier 7-charging capacitor 6. This energy is given by the following expression: In max
Wo=L1- ------ (3) 2 wherein
In max is the max maximum total current in the primary windings 2 of the charging transformer 1;
L1 is the reduced inductance of the primary windings 2 of the charging transformer 1.
The following relations correspond to the linear operating conditions of the core 4 of this transformer: BmaX < B, L=const(l), (4) and the energy stored in the magnetic system is proportional to the square of the maximum total current in the primary windings 2 of the charging transformer 1, i.e.
W~l2n max (5)
Consequently, the ratio of the number of turns of the primary windings 17 and 2 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 and charging transformer 1 to the reluctance of these transformers 15 and 1 meets the condition: wl 2 (1)
R1 R2 wherein to1 and oJ2 are the number of turns of the primary windings 17 and 2 of these transformers 15 and 1, respectively;
R1 and R2 are the reluctances of the positive current feedback transformer 15 and the charging transformer 1, respectively.
In a specific embodiment, the number of turns is: w, =4 and 2=40 and the reluctances are:
A R1=4.7 105 Wb and
A
R2=6.29 106 Wb for the positive current feedback transformer 15 and the charging transformer 1, respectively, i.e.
8.5 10-6 > 6.37. 10-6.
current feedback transformer 15 to the charging capacitor 6.
In a specific embodiment, the parameters of the positive current feedback transformer 15 and the charging transformer 1 are as follows:
S=2.54 10-4 m2, 0)3=55, B=0.4 T,
A R1=4.7. 105 Wb N=15,1n maX=12 A, i.e. 55 < 60.
In the pulse X-ray apparatus of Fig. 3 according to the invention the pulse adder-distributor 20 (Fig. 4) comprises diodes 38,39, and 40 and variable resistors 41, 42, and 43. The cathodes of the diodes 38,39, and 40 are joined together and connected to some leads of variable resistors 41,42, and 43 and to the secondary winding 35 of the positive current feedback transformer 15. The other leads of the variable resistors 41,42, and 43 are connected to the controlled transistor switches 5, 5' and 5". The anode of the diode 38 is connected to the secondary winding 16 of the positive current feedback transformer 15, the anode of the diode 39 is connected to the master oscillator 22, and the anode of the diode 40 is connected to the common wire.
The pulse X-ray apparatus of Fig. 1 according to the invention functions as follows.
The master oscillator 22 (fig. 1) forms synchronizing pulses at a constant repetition rate which are simultaneously supplied, via the input 21 of the adder-distributor 20, the resistors 30,31 and 32 (Fig. 2) and the outputs 23,24 and 25 thereof, to the control inputs (bases) of the controlled transistor switches 5, 5' and 5" (Fig. 1). The controlled transistor switches 5, 5' and 5" are unblocked, and through the collector circuits thereof linearly increasing currents start to flow in the circuit of the power source +E through three parallel branches formed by one primary winding 2 of the charging transformer 1 and one primary winding 17 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 which are connected in series.
The secondary winding 3 of the charging transformer 1 is connected to the rectifier 7 in such a phase relationship that an electromotive force which appears at the leads of this winding at the moment of unblocking of the switches 5,5' and 5" blocks the rectifier 7. As a result, there is no current in the secondary winding 3 of the charging transformer 1 at this moment, and only the current magnetizing the core 4 of this transformer flows in the primary windings 2 of the charging transformer 1. Such operating conditions are characterized by a great inductance of the primary windings 2 of the charging transformer 1.
At the same time, the secondary winding 16 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 is connected to the input 19 of the pulse adderdistributor 20 having its outputs 23,24 and 25 connected to the control inputs of the transistor switches 5, 5' and 5"; therefore, the main part of voltage of the power source +E in this series circuit is applied to the primary windings 2 of the charging transformer 1 and only a small part of it is applied to the primary windings 17 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 since the inductance of the primary windings 17 of this transformer is small. As a result, the currents in these parallel circuits are basically determined by the inductive character of the resistance of the primarywindings 2 of the charging transformer 1 and, therefore, they linearly increase.Magnetic fluxes in the cores 4 and 18 of both transformers 1 and 15 proportionally increase and when the magnetic induction in the core 18 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 reaches its saturation value the magnetizing inductance abruptly falls and consequently the electromotive forces of both primary windings 17 and secondary winding 16 fall resulting in an abrupt decrease in voltage applied to the bases of the switches 5, 5' and 5" via the input 19 of the adder-distributor 20. It results in turn in an abrupt decrease in the base currents of the controlled transistor switches 5,5' and 5"; they move out of the saturation region and their blocking starts.As a result, the derivative of the current of the primary windings 2 and 17 of the transformers 1 and 15 becomes negative, and all electromotive forces in the windings of the transformers 1 and 15 change their polarity to the opposite one.
In said operating conditions, the voltage of the opposite polarity is applied, via the input 19 of the pulse adder-distributor 20 and the outputs 23,24 and 25, to the control inputs of the controlled transistor switches 5, 5' and 5" causing fast blocking thereof. At the same time, the electromotive force in the secondary winding 3 of the charging transformer 1 unblocks the rectifier 7, and the current of the secondary winding 3 which abruptly appears and linearly decreases charges the charging capacitor 6 to a higher potential. This current is produced by the energy of the magnetic field stored in the magnetic system of the charging transformer 1. At the same time, the energy of the magnetic field of the positive current feedback transformer 15 is dissipated at the active elements of the pulse adder-distributor 20, i.e. at resistors 26, 30,31 and 32.When this process is completed, the transformers 1 and 15 and the controlled transistor switches 5,5' and 5" become deenergized and will be waiting for the next triggering pulse from the master oscillator 22.
When the abovedescribed pulse process is repeated at a frequency determined by the master oscillator 22, the voltage across the charging capacitor 6 gradually increases until it reaches the break-down voltage of the discharger 10 which connects the charged charging capacitor 6 to the primary winding 9 of the high-voltage pulse transformer 8. In the secondary winding 13 of this transformer a high-voltage pulse is formed which is fed, via the peaker discharger 11, to the X-ray tube 12.
The pulse X-ray apparatus of Fig. 3 functions similar to the pulse X-ray apparatus of Fig. 1.
The difference resides in that the secondary winding 3 (Fig. 3) of the charging transformer 1 and the secondary winding 35 of the positive current
In this embodiment of the pulse X-ray apparatus according to the invention, the pulse adderdistributor 20 (Fig. 2) comprises a resistor 26, diodes 27,28, and 29, variable resistors 30,31, and 32. The anode of the diode 27 is connected to one lead of the resistor 26 and to the secondary winding 16 of the positive current feedback transformer 15. The cathodes of the diodes 27, 28, and 29 are joined together, connected to the other lead of the resistor 26 and to some leads of each of the variable resistors 30,31, and 32 having their other leads connected to the controlled transistor switches 5, 5' and 5", respectively.The anode of the diode 28 is connected to the output of the master oscillator 22, while the anode of the diode 29 is connected to a common wire. The pulse adder-distributor may be built around integrated operation amplifiers in order to obtain more functions, but in this case the electric circuit becomes much more complicated.
A pulse X-ray apparatus of Fig. 3 according to the invention is similar to the pulse X-ray apparatus of
Fig. 1.
The difference resides in that the apparatus of Fig.
3 is equipped with a diode 33 having its cathode 34 connected to the junction point of the primary windings 2 of the charging transformer 1. The positive current feedback transformer 15 has one more secondary winding 35 having one lead connected to an anode 36 of the diode 33 and the secondary winding 3 of the charging transformer 1, while the other lead is connected to an input 37 of the pulse adder-distributor 20, respectively.
In order to improve the efficiency of the pulse
X-ray apparatus, according to the invention, the greater part of power of the magnetic system formed by the windings 16,17 and 35 and by the core 18 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 should be transferred to the charging capacitor 6.
To achieve this, certain relations between the parameters of the apparatus components should be met. It is evident that the transfer of power accumulated in the magnetic system 16 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 is only possible when the following condition is met: Imax1=lmax2 (6) wherein Imaxl is the maximum current of the secondary winding 35 of the positive current feedback transformer 15; Imaxn is the maximum current of the secondary winding 3 of the charging transformer 1.
However, imperfect characteristics of the pulse
X-ray apparatus components and scattering of parameters of the transformers 1 and 15 inevitably upset this condition. Since the condition: lmax1 < lmax2 (7) leads to lower efficiency of the pulse X-ray apparatus, the following condition should be met: Imax1 > Imax2 (8)
In this case, the surplus power of the magnetic system of the positive current feedback transformer 15 is returned, via the diode 33, to the power source, and reliable operation of the apparatus according to the invention with improved efficiency is provided.
After the release of the surplus power, the relationship (6) is automatically established, and the diode 33 is disabled, which ensures the flow of current of the secondary winding 35 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 only via the charging capacitor 6. The formula for the turns of the secondary winding 35 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 is found on the basis the inequality (8).
Magnetomotiveforces Mr and M2of the transformers 1 and 15, respectively, at the moment of cut-off of the controlled transistor switches 5, 5' and 5" are as follows:
M1=ln max s 2 (9) M2=B .5. S R1 (10) wherein (o2 is the number of turns of the primary winding 2 of the charging transformer 1;
In max is the maximum total current of the primary windings of the charging transformer 1;
B, R, and S are the saturation induction, reluctance and cross-sectional area of the core 18 of the positive current feedback transformer 15, respectively.
Currents Imax2 and Imaxl which are determined by these magnetomotive forces will be: -for the secondary winding 3 of the charging transformer 1: ( 4 In max Imax2=ln max t (11) o)2 N -for the secondary winding 35 of the positive current feedback transformer 15: B S R1 Imaxi (12) ( 3 wherein (04 is the number of turns of the secondary winding 3 of the charging transformer 1;
N is the transformation ratio of the charging transformer 1; (03 is the number of turns of the secondary winding 35 of the positive current feedback transformer 15.
Consequently, the number of turns of the secondary winding 35 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 meets the condition: B. S R1 N (036 (2)
In max which determines the conditions for the transfer of power of the magnetic system of the positive feedback transformer 15 are connected in series aiding and coupled to the rectifier 7 in such a phase relationship that the electromotive forces which appear at the leads of these windings at the moment of unblocking of the controlled transistor switches 5, 5' and 5" block the rectifier 7.At the moment of blocking of the controlled transistor switches 5,5' and 5", the electromotive force in the series connected windings 3 and 35 unblocks the rectifier 7, and the current in these windings which abruptly appears and linearly decreases charges the charging capacitor 6 to a higher potential. This current is produced by the energy of the magnetic field stored in the magnetic system of the charging transformer 1 and the magnetic system of the positive current feedback transformer 15.
For the normal operation of the described apparatus, the current produced by the secondary winding 35 of the positive current feedback transformer 15 should be greater than the current produced by the secondary winding 3 of the charging transformer 1. In this case a small part of energy of the magnetic system of the positive current feedback transformer 15 is returned to the power source +E via the diode 33.
Thus, at the first stage of the process of the transfer of energy stored in the magnetic systems of the transformers 1 and 15 the current flows not only in the windings 3 and 35, but also through the diode 33. Since the time constant of this circuit is small, the surplus energy rapidly returns to the power source +E, and the diode 33 is blocked. The energy of the magnetic systems of the transformers 1 and 15 is then transferred only to the charging capacitor 6. When these processes are completed, the transformers 1 and 15 and the controlled transistor switches 5, 5' and 5" simultaneously become deenergized and will be waiting forthe next triggering pulse from the master oscillator 22.
The pulse X-ray apparatus of Fig. 3 makes it possible to improve efficiency in comparison with the pulse X-ray apparatus of Fig. 1.
The pulse X-ray apparatus according to the invention ensures the stabilized mean X-ray dose rate under power source voltage fluctuations and high efficiency. The stabilized mean X-ray dose rate under power source voltage fluctuations, i.e. an improved stability of a number of bursts of Xradiation during a chosen exposure time improves quality of X-ray photographs. The stabilized mean
X-ray dose rate under power source voltage fluctuations and improved efficiency make it possible to increase the number of X-ray photographs made without recharging of the storage batteries, hence to increase the operation time of the apparatus without recharging. The number of X-ray photographs made by this apparatus without the storage batteries recharging is increased by 20%.
In addition, the exposure time can be reduced due to reduced losses through heating the apparatus elements due to improved transfer of power supplied to the X-ray tube. A decrease in losses through heating the apparatus elements makes it possible to reduce the apparatus size and weight.
Claims (3)
1. A pulse X-ray apparatus comprising a charging transformer having n primarywindings, each winding being connected to a controlled transistor switch; a charging capacitor connected, via a rectifier, to a secondary winding of the charging transformer; a high-voltage pulse transformer having its primary winding connected, via a discharger, to the charging capacitor; a peaker discharger and an X-ray tube which are connected in series and coupled to a secondary winding of the high-voltage pulse transformer; a master oscillator electrically connected to the controlled transistor switches; a positive current feedback transformer having a main secondary winding and n primary windings, each primary winding being series connected to one of the primary windings of the charging transformer and a pulse adder-distributor having its main inputs connected to a master oscillator and the main secondary winding of the positive current feedback transformer and its outputs connected to the controlled transistor switches, respectively; the ratio of the number of turns of the primary windings of the positive current feedback transformer and the charging transformer to the reluctance of these transformers meeting the condition: ( t ( 2 ~ > ~
R1 R2 wherein (o, and (02 are the number of turns of the primary windings of these transformers, respectively;
R, and R2 are the reluctances of the positive current feedback transformer and the charging transformer, respectively.
2. A pulse X-ray apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein there is provided a diode having its cathode connected to the junction point of the primary windings of the charging transformer; the positive current feedback transformer has an additional secondary winding having one end connected to an anode of the diode and the secondary winding of the charging transformer and the other end connected to an additional input of the pulse adder-distributor, the number of turns of the additional secondary winding of the positive current feedback transformer meeting the condition: B S R1 N
(ss3% In max wherein: : (03 is the number of turns of the additional secondary winding of this transformer;
B and S are the saturation induction and the cross-sectional area of a core of the positive current feedback transformer, respectively; 1n max is the maximum value of the total current of the primary windings of the charging transformer;
N is the transformation ratio of the charging transformer.
3. A pulse X-ray apparatus substantially as hereinabove described with reference to, and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU864022406A SU1496017A2 (en) | 1986-02-18 | 1986-02-18 | Pulsed x-ray generator |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8702005D0 GB8702005D0 (en) | 1987-03-04 |
| GB2186750A true GB2186750A (en) | 1987-08-19 |
| GB2186750B GB2186750B (en) | 1989-11-01 |
Family
ID=21221687
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8702005A Expired GB2186750B (en) | 1986-02-18 | 1987-01-29 | Pulse x-ray apparatus |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62217598A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3704595A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI870226A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2594620B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2186750B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO870296L (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1496017A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6111931A (en) * | 1997-11-11 | 2000-08-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | X-ray apparatus operable at different energy supply sources which respectively deliver different average electrical powers per unit of time |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2899562A (en) * | 1959-08-11 | Fruengel | ||
| US3878394A (en) * | 1973-07-09 | 1975-04-15 | John P Golden | Portable X-ray device |
| JPS58959Y2 (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1983-01-08 | 株式会社東芝 | X-ray generator |
| GB2018073B (en) * | 1978-03-30 | 1982-06-23 | Emi Ltd | Pulsed power supplies |
| US4409492A (en) * | 1980-05-05 | 1983-10-11 | Institut Vysokikh Temperatur Akademii Nauk Sssr | Shock excited pulse transformer |
| SU961166A1 (en) * | 1981-03-27 | 1982-09-23 | Ленинградское научно-производственное объединение "Буревестник" | Pulsed x-ray apparatus |
-
1986
- 1986-02-18 SU SU864022406A patent/SU1496017A2/en active
-
1987
- 1987-01-20 FI FI870226A patent/FI870226A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-01-23 NO NO870296A patent/NO870296L/en unknown
- 1987-01-29 GB GB8702005A patent/GB2186750B/en not_active Expired
- 1987-01-30 JP JP1875987A patent/JPS62217598A/en active Pending
- 1987-01-30 FR FR8701152A patent/FR2594620B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-02-13 DE DE19873704595 patent/DE3704595A1/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6111931A (en) * | 1997-11-11 | 2000-08-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | X-ray apparatus operable at different energy supply sources which respectively deliver different average electrical powers per unit of time |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8702005D0 (en) | 1987-03-04 |
| FI870226A0 (en) | 1987-01-20 |
| SU1496017A2 (en) | 1989-07-23 |
| FR2594620B1 (en) | 1990-09-28 |
| JPS62217598A (en) | 1987-09-25 |
| NO870296D0 (en) | 1987-01-23 |
| FR2594620A1 (en) | 1987-08-21 |
| GB2186750B (en) | 1989-11-01 |
| NO870296L (en) | 1987-08-19 |
| FI870226A (en) | 1987-08-19 |
| DE3704595A1 (en) | 1987-08-27 |
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