GB2185114A - Pressure vessel for core testing - Google Patents

Pressure vessel for core testing Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2185114A
GB2185114A GB08629905A GB8629905A GB2185114A GB 2185114 A GB2185114 A GB 2185114A GB 08629905 A GB08629905 A GB 08629905A GB 8629905 A GB8629905 A GB 8629905A GB 2185114 A GB2185114 A GB 2185114A
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United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
end plates
sample
pressure
constructed
transparent
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
GB08629905A
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GB8629905D0 (en
GB2185114B (en
Inventor
Alan Huw Thomas
Colin I Nichols
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BP PLC
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BP PLC
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Publication of GB8629905D0 publication Critical patent/GB8629905D0/en
Publication of GB2185114A publication Critical patent/GB2185114A/en
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Publication of GB2185114B publication Critical patent/GB2185114B/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
    • G01N23/10—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the material being confined in a container, e.g. in a luggage X-ray scanners
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
    • G01N23/083—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the radiation being X-rays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

A pressure cell suitable for tomographic studies of core samples from an oil reservoir comprises; (a) a tubular mid section constructed from a material which is transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays, (b) end plates 2,3, secured to the tubular mid section by wedges 57 formed at the ends of the midsection, the wedges increasing in thickness towards the ends of the midsection thereby preventing the end plates from moving apart, (c) a removable plug 10 fitting into at least one end plate 2 to permit insertion and removal of a sample, (d) means 12 for applying pressure to the sample, and (e) means 13 for passing a fluid under pressure through the sample. The midsection 1 comprises two layers 4,5 of carbon fibre coated resin, the inner one 4 being hoop wound and the outer one being axially laid. A rubber sleeve 6 prevents ingress of fluid to layer 4 when the cell is pressurised. Each end plate is made of two stainless steel sections 8,9 which dovetail with the wedge 7 and are locked together by pins. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Pressure vessel for core testing This invention relates to a composite pressure vessel which is transparent to electromagnetic and other sources of radiation.
In orderto evaluate the potential of a petroleum reservoir for oil recovery by water flooding or gas pressurising it is necessary to study the influence of aqueous liquids or gases on core samples under simulated reservoir conditions. This involves taking a core sample, saturating it with oil, exposing itto reservoirtemperature and pressure, supplying a pressurised aqueous liquid (eg fresh orsalinewater) orgasto one end ofthe core and determining the complex pattern of distribution ofwater, oil, gas and condensateinthecoreasthefluid movesthrough.
The most informative method of obtaining this information is by subjecting the coreto gamma-ray or X-ray tomography but this requires the core sample to be contained in a pressure vessel which istrans parent two gamma orX-rays.
Conventional pressu re vessels for core behaviour studies are basically constructed from a cylinder and two end plates. Because the vessel is subjected to internal pressure, tie-bars linking the end plates are necessary to hold it together. Although the cylinder can be constructed from radiation-transparent material,thetie-bars are made from metal. Such a cell cannot be usedfortomographicstudiessincethe metal tie bars cast shadows which prevent the desired information from being obtained in the affected areas.
We have now devised a pressure cell which does notinvolvethe use oftie bars and which is transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays.
Thus according to the present invention there is provided a pressure cell comprising (a) a tubular mid section constructed from a mat erialwhich is transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays, (b) end plates, the mid section extending into the end plates in the form of wedges which increase in thickness as they extend and thereby prevent the end plates from moving apart, (c) a removable plug fitting into at least one end plate to permit insertion and removal of a sample, (d) means for applying pressure to the sample, and (e) means for passing a fluid under pressure through the sample.
The mid section is preferably constructed from resin coated fibres of the transparent material, Most preferably it is constructed in two layers, an inner layer hoop wound to resist radial stress, and an outer layer axially laid to resist axial stress.
The preferred material which is transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays is carbon. Othersuitable materials include glass and polyamides such as that sold undertheTrade Name Kevlar.
The end plates may be fabricated from metal, suitably stainless steel.
The invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The cell comprises a carbon fibre tube 1 and end plates 2 and 3, one ofwhich (2) is shown in section.
The tube 1 is constructed in two layers 4 and 5from resin coated carbon fibre. The inner layer4 is hoop wound and the outer layer 5 is axially laid. The inner layer4 is protected by a rubber sleeve 6 to prevent ingress offluid when the cell is pressurised. The outer layer 5 projects into the end plates 2 in the form of wedges 7.
The end plate 2 shown in section is made of stainless steel and fabricated in two sections 8 and 9 which jointly dovetail with the wedge 7 and are locked together by pins. The wedge fixes the location ofthe end plate 2 and prevents it from moving.
The inner section 9 is fitted with a plug 10 which can be removed to insert orwithdraw a sample. The plug 10 is normally located within the section 9 by means of a screw collar 11.
The plug 10isdrilledwithapertures 12and 13for the supply of pressurising fluid and core fluid respectively. The core fluid passes through a central tube placed in position when required and the pressurising fluid passes through the annulus between this tube and the passageway 14.
The end plate 13 is similarto end plate 2.
1. A pressure cell comprising (a) a tubular mid section constructed from a material which is transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays, (b) end plates, the mid section extending into the end plates in the form of wedges which increase in thickness as they extend and thereby prevent the end plates from moving apart, (c) a removable plug fitting into at least one end p ate to permit insertion and removal of a sample, (d)meansforapplying pressuretothe sample, and (e) means for passing afluid under pressure through the sample.
2. A pressure cell according to claim 1 wherein the mid-section is constructed from resin coated fibres of the transparent material.
3. A pressure cell according to claim 2 wherein the mid-section is constructed in two layers, an inner layer hoop wound to resist radial stress, and an outer layer axially laid to resist axial stress.
4. A pressure cell according to any of the preceding claims wherein the material transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays is carbon, glass or a polyamide.
5. A pressure cell according to any ofthe preceding claims wherein the end plates are fabricated from metal.
6. A pressure cell as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (6)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Pressure vessel for core testing This invention relates to a composite pressure vessel which is transparent to electromagnetic and other sources of radiation. In orderto evaluate the potential of a petroleum reservoir for oil recovery by water flooding or gas pressurising it is necessary to study the influence of aqueous liquids or gases on core samples under simulated reservoir conditions. This involves taking a core sample, saturating it with oil, exposing itto reservoirtemperature and pressure, supplying a pressurised aqueous liquid (eg fresh orsalinewater) orgasto one end ofthe core and determining the complex pattern of distribution ofwater, oil, gas and condensateinthecoreasthefluid movesthrough. The most informative method of obtaining this information is by subjecting the coreto gamma-ray or X-ray tomography but this requires the core sample to be contained in a pressure vessel which istrans parent two gamma orX-rays. Conventional pressu re vessels for core behaviour studies are basically constructed from a cylinder and two end plates. Because the vessel is subjected to internal pressure, tie-bars linking the end plates are necessary to hold it together. Although the cylinder can be constructed from radiation-transparent material,thetie-bars are made from metal. Such a cell cannot be usedfortomographicstudiessincethe metal tie bars cast shadows which prevent the desired information from being obtained in the affected areas. We have now devised a pressure cell which does notinvolvethe use oftie bars and which is transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays. Thus according to the present invention there is provided a pressure cell comprising (a) a tubular mid section constructed from a mat erialwhich is transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays, (b) end plates, the mid section extending into the end plates in the form of wedges which increase in thickness as they extend and thereby prevent the end plates from moving apart, (c) a removable plug fitting into at least one end plate to permit insertion and removal of a sample, (d) means for applying pressure to the sample, and (e) means for passing a fluid under pressure through the sample. The mid section is preferably constructed from resin coated fibres of the transparent material, Most preferably it is constructed in two layers, an inner layer hoop wound to resist radial stress, and an outer layer axially laid to resist axial stress. The preferred material which is transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays is carbon. Othersuitable materials include glass and polyamides such as that sold undertheTrade Name Kevlar. The end plates may be fabricated from metal, suitably stainless steel. The invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing. The cell comprises a carbon fibre tube 1 and end plates 2 and 3, one ofwhich (2) is shown in section. The tube 1 is constructed in two layers 4 and 5from resin coated carbon fibre. The inner layer4 is hoop wound and the outer layer 5 is axially laid. The inner layer4 is protected by a rubber sleeve 6 to prevent ingress offluid when the cell is pressurised. The outer layer 5 projects into the end plates 2 in the form of wedges 7. The end plate 2 shown in section is made of stainless steel and fabricated in two sections 8 and 9 which jointly dovetail with the wedge 7 and are locked together by pins. The wedge fixes the location ofthe end plate 2 and prevents it from moving. The inner section 9 is fitted with a plug 10 which can be removed to insert orwithdraw a sample. The plug 10 is normally located within the section 9 by means of a screw collar 11. The plug 10isdrilledwithapertures 12and 13for the supply of pressurising fluid and core fluid respectively. The core fluid passes through a central tube placed in position when required and the pressurising fluid passes through the annulus between this tube and the passageway 14. The end plate 13 is similarto end plate 2. CLAIMS
1. A pressure cell comprising (a) a tubular mid section constructed from a material which is transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays, (b) end plates, the mid section extending into the end plates in the form of wedges which increase in thickness as they extend and thereby prevent the end plates from moving apart, (c) a removable plug fitting into at least one end p ate to permit insertion and removal of a sample, (d)meansforapplying pressuretothe sample, and (e) means for passing afluid under pressure through the sample.
2. A pressure cell according to claim 1 wherein the mid-section is constructed from resin coated fibres of the transparent material.
3. A pressure cell according to claim 2 wherein the mid-section is constructed in two layers, an inner layer hoop wound to resist radial stress, and an outer layer axially laid to resist axial stress.
4. A pressure cell according to any of the preceding claims wherein the material transparent to gamma radiation and X-rays is carbon, glass or a polyamide.
5. A pressure cell according to any ofthe preceding claims wherein the end plates are fabricated from metal.
6. A pressure cell as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
GB8629905A 1985-12-30 1986-12-15 Pressure vessel for core testing Expired GB2185114B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB858531843A GB8531843D0 (en) 1985-12-30 1985-12-30 Pressure vessel for core testing

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8629905D0 GB8629905D0 (en) 1987-01-28
GB2185114A true GB2185114A (en) 1987-07-08
GB2185114B GB2185114B (en) 1989-11-22

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GB8629905A Expired GB2185114B (en) 1985-12-30 1986-12-15 Pressure vessel for core testing

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2639712A1 (en) * 1988-11-30 1990-06-01 Elf Aquitaine DEVICE FOR MEASURING FLUID FLOWS THROUGH A POROUS BODY
US20100126266A1 (en) * 2007-04-26 2010-05-27 Joseph Guillaume Christoffel Coenen Formation core sample holder assembly and testing method
WO2012164092A1 (en) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Total Sa An x-ray tomography device
WO2012164091A1 (en) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Total Sa An x-ray tomography device
US9109075B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-08-18 Delsper LP Cross-linked organic polymers for use as elastomers in high temperature applications
US9109080B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2015-08-18 Delsper LP Cross-linked organic polymer compositions and methods for controlling cross-linking reaction rate and of modifying same to enhance processability
US9127138B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2015-09-08 Delsper LP Anti-extrusion compositions for sealing and wear components

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0371877A1 (en) * 1988-11-30 1990-06-06 Elf Aquitaine Production Device for measuring the flow of fluid through a porous body
US5065421A (en) * 1988-11-30 1991-11-12 Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine (Production) Device for measuring fluid flows through a porous body
FR2639712A1 (en) * 1988-11-30 1990-06-01 Elf Aquitaine DEVICE FOR MEASURING FLUID FLOWS THROUGH A POROUS BODY
US8356510B2 (en) * 2007-04-26 2013-01-22 Shell Oil Company Formation core sample holder assembly and testing method
US20100126266A1 (en) * 2007-04-26 2010-05-27 Joseph Guillaume Christoffel Coenen Formation core sample holder assembly and testing method
AU2012264596B2 (en) * 2011-06-01 2015-07-30 Total Sa An x-ray tomography device
WO2012164090A1 (en) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Total Sa An x-ray tomography device
WO2012164091A1 (en) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Total Sa An x-ray tomography device
WO2012164092A1 (en) * 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 Total Sa An x-ray tomography device
AU2012264598B2 (en) * 2011-06-01 2016-03-10 Total Sa An X-ray tomography device
US9557280B2 (en) 2011-06-01 2017-01-31 Total Sa X-ray tomography device
US9841388B2 (en) 2011-06-01 2017-12-12 Total Sa X-ray tomography device
US9109080B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2015-08-18 Delsper LP Cross-linked organic polymer compositions and methods for controlling cross-linking reaction rate and of modifying same to enhance processability
US9127138B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2015-09-08 Delsper LP Anti-extrusion compositions for sealing and wear components
US9475938B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2016-10-25 Delsper, Lp Anti-extrusion compositions for sealing and wear components
US9109075B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-08-18 Delsper LP Cross-linked organic polymers for use as elastomers in high temperature applications

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8629905D0 (en) 1987-01-28
GB8531843D0 (en) 1986-02-05
GB2185114B (en) 1989-11-22

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PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee