GB2177003A - Algaecidal and herbicidal composition - Google Patents
Algaecidal and herbicidal composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2177003A GB2177003A GB08615291A GB8615291A GB2177003A GB 2177003 A GB2177003 A GB 2177003A GB 08615291 A GB08615291 A GB 08615291A GB 8615291 A GB8615291 A GB 8615291A GB 2177003 A GB2177003 A GB 2177003A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- copper
- water
- algaecidal
- etidronic acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000002353 algacidal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu] PTVDYARBVCBHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004699 copper complex Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000402754 Erythranthe moschata Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VWYGTDAUKWEPCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichlorocopper;hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl[Cu]Cl VWYGTDAUKWEPCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000736839 Chara Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001478778 Cladophora Species 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005630 Diquat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000498251 Hydrilla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196173 Hydrodictyon Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196294 Spirogyra Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 copper sulfate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SYJFEGQWDCRVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N diquat Chemical compound C1=CC=[N+]2CC[N+]3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 SYJFEGQWDCRVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/38—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
- C07F9/3804—Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)] not used, see subgroups
- C07F9/3839—Polyphosphonic acids
- C07F9/386—Polyphosphonic acids containing hydroxy substituents in the hydrocarbon radicals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
An algaecidal and herbicidal composition comprising the reaction product of etidronic acid <IMAGE> and copper chloride, and having a pH of less than 1.0. The composition can be used either in an aqueous solution or in granular form and is highly effective in preventing growth of various types of algae and aquatic plants.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Algaecidal and herbicidal composition
Background of the Invention
It is known that copper compounds are effective in inhibiting the growth of algae as well as certain aquatic plants. In the past, a copper sulfate solution has been widely used in an algaecide. However, in hard water, containing carbonates and bicarbonates, the copper ions released by the copper sulfate will react with the carbonates to form insoluble precipitates so that the algaecidal effect of the copper is largely lost.
To prevent the precipitation of copper compounds in hard waters, it has been proposed, as disclosed in
United States Patent 2,734,028, to react a water soluble copper compound, such as copper sulfate, with a chelating agent such as triethanolamine. The resulting copper complex has the ability to maintain the copper ions in solution even in hard water containing high proportions of carbonates.
However, it has been found that a copper alkanolamine complex of the type disclosed in
United States Patent 2,734,028 tends to decompose when subjected to sunlight and/or warm temperatures, resulting in a precipitation of copper, thereby removing the toxic copper ions from solution and decreasing the effectiveness of the complex as an algaecide. As a further disadvantage, a copper complex prepared from copper sulfate is highly corrosive, thereby presenting problems in handling, shipping and storage of the concentrate.
The presence of the sulfate ions provides a further disadvantage in that when the concentrate is added to the water to be treated in the recommended dosage, the sulfate content can be conducive to diatom blooms.
To overcome the problems associated with the use of copper sulfate, the United States Patent 4,324,578 discloses a chelated copper complex formed by reacting copper carbonate with a combination of monoethanolamine and triethanolamine. Copper complexes thus formed can contain about 9% by weight of elemental copper and have improved stability.
United States Patent 3,844,760 discloses an algaecidal composition prepared by reacting etidronic acid with certain copper salts such as copper sulfate, copper nitrate, copper oxide and copper carbonate, in the presence of an alkaline material. At a neutral pH of about 7.0, a solution will be obtained. However, the resulting solution contains a relatively low percentage of elemental copper in the range of about 4%.
Summary of the Invention
The invention is directed to an improved algaecidal and herbicidal composition comprising the reaction product of etidronic acid and copper chloride in aqueous solution. By maintaining the pH less than 1.0, a clear and stable solution is obtained which can contain up to 16% by weight of elemental copper.
The composition has increased effectiveness against various types of algae and aquatic plants, and as the solution contains higher percentages of copper, the speed of the kill is correspondingly increased.
Because the solution is highly acidic, having a pH of less than 1.0, the composition has an improved herbicidal effect.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment
The algaecidal and herbicidal composition of the invention comprises a reaction product of etidronic acid and copper chloride in aqueous solution.
Etidronic acid, l-hydroxyethyl idene-l, 1- diphosphonic acid, has the following chemical structure.
Etidronic acid is usually sold in aqueous solution containing from about 58 to 62%, by weight, of active ingredients.
In preparing the composition, a 1:1 molar ratio of copper ions and phosphate ions (P04) is utilized.
The composition can be prepared by initially mixing the copper chloride hydrate in water and thereafter adding the etidronic acid with agitation. The composition can be prepared at room temperature, and no special procedural techniques are required.
The resulting composition has both algaecidal and herbicidal properties. The composition has been found to be highly effective against various strains of algae such as Spirogyra Spp., Hydrodictyon Spp, Cladophora Spp., and Chara
Spp. In addition, it has herbicidal properties against certain aquatic plants, such as Hydrilla, when used at higher rates of application, or when used in conjunction with compositions such as Diquat (Chevron Chemical Company) orAquathol K (Pennwalt Chemicals).
The composition can contain up to about 16% by weight of elemental copper, and is highly stable with the result that precipitates will not be formed even over extended periods of shelf life.
As a further advantage, the composition of copper will be slowly released when the composition is added to the body of water to be treated, and yet the copper ions are sufficiently tied up in the molecules so that they will not react with carbonates in the water to form precipitates which would destroy the effectiveness of the algaecide.
The composition can also be utilized in granular form in which the aqueous solution is mixed with inert fillers such as clay. Generally the aqueous composition, containing in the range of 10 to 12% elemental copper, will be mixed with the fillers in the ratio of about 40% by weight of the composition and 60% by weight of the fillers. The fillers can take the form of clay, such as Celatom or Oil Dri, which are commonly used in preparing granular algaecidal or herbicidal compositions.
The following are examples of the preparation and use of the compositions of the invention.
EXAMPLE I
A composition was prepared by adding 1,680 pounds of copper chloride hydrate to 3,239.5 pounds of water. After the copper chloride was thoroughly mixed with the water, 938 pounds of a 60% aqueous solution of etidronic acid was added to the solution and mixed therein to form a green colored aqueous solution. The resulting solution contained 10.5% elemental copper and had a pH of less than 1.
EXAMPLE II
The composition prepared in accordance with
Example I waS tested for its algaecidal and herbicidal effectiveness on a lake covering approximately 3 acres. Prior to the treatment filamentous algae covered 45 to 50% of the study area, and musk grass covered 5%.
Chemical parameters such as alkalinity, hardness, carbon dioxide, pH dissolved oxygen, chloride and sodium chloride were measured before and after treatment.
The composition was applied to the lake at the rate of 3 gallons per 100 gallon tank mix. The applicatiord was made with an air temperature of 75"C and a wind of 5 to 10 miles per hour.
The treatment successfully controlled the musk grass and filamentous algae within 1 to 12 weeks following treatment. Water chemistry showed little change following the treatment.
Claims (14)
1. An algaecidal composition, comprising an aqueous solution containing the reaction product of etidronic acid and copper chloride, said solution having a pH less than 1.0.
2. The composition of claim 1,wherein said solution contains upto 16% by weight of elemental copper.
3. The composition of claim 1,wherein said composition contains a molar ratio of copper ions to phosphate ions of approximately 1:1.
4. The composition of claim 1, wherein said composition also contains an inert filler, said inert filler being present in a sufficient quantity with respect to said solution to provide the composition with a granular consistency.
5. The composition of claim 1, wherein said solution contains from about 10% to 12% by weight of elemental copper.
6. A method of controiling the growth of algae and aquatic plants in a body of water, comprising the steps of adding to the water the reaction product of etidronic acid and copper chloride with said reaction product having a pH of less than 1.0.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said reaction product is added to the water in the form of an aqueous solution.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein said reaction product is added to the water in the form of a solid finely divided material.
9. A method of producing an algaecidal composition comprising the step of mixing copper chloride, water and etidronic acid to form an aqueous solution having a pH less than 1.
10. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the copper chloride is mixed with water, and the resulting mixture is mixed with etidronic acid.
11. A method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the etidronic acid with which said resulting mixture is mixed is in aqueous solution.
12. An algaecidal composition substantially as hereinbefore described in Example I.
13. A method of controlling the growth of algae and aquatic plants in a body of water, substantially as hereinbefore described in Example II.
14. A method of producing an algaecidal composition substantially as hereinbefore described in Example I.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US74896985A | 1985-06-26 | 1985-06-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8615291D0 GB8615291D0 (en) | 1986-07-30 |
| GB2177003A true GB2177003A (en) | 1987-01-14 |
Family
ID=25011665
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08615291A Withdrawn GB2177003A (en) | 1985-06-26 | 1986-06-23 | Algaecidal and herbicidal composition |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6248609A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2177003A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1207531B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2317177A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-03-18 | British Steel Plc | Organic phosphonates and metal complexes thereof for use as coating agents and especially for pretreating steel |
| WO2004113038A2 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2004-12-29 | Phibro-Tech, Inc. | Inhibition of calcium and magnesium precipitation from wood preservatives |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3844760A (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1974-10-29 | Monsanto Co | Composition for and method of treating water |
-
1986
- 1986-06-23 GB GB08615291A patent/GB2177003A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1986-06-25 IT IT8667509A patent/IT1207531B/en active
- 1986-06-26 JP JP61148335A patent/JPS6248609A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3844760A (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1974-10-29 | Monsanto Co | Composition for and method of treating water |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2317177A (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 1998-03-18 | British Steel Plc | Organic phosphonates and metal complexes thereof for use as coating agents and especially for pretreating steel |
| WO2004113038A2 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2004-12-29 | Phibro-Tech, Inc. | Inhibition of calcium and magnesium precipitation from wood preservatives |
| WO2004113038A3 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2005-02-17 | Phibro Tech Inc | Inhibition of calcium and magnesium precipitation from wood preservatives |
| US7252706B2 (en) * | 2003-06-17 | 2007-08-07 | Phibro-Tech, Inc. | Inhibition of calcium and magnesium precipitation from wood preservatives |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6248609A (en) | 1987-03-03 |
| IT1207531B (en) | 1989-05-25 |
| GB8615291D0 (en) | 1986-07-30 |
| IT8667509A0 (en) | 1986-06-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |